Chloe Cattle, Curt Hauser,

Rebecca Tsai, Tonia Wu

Moscow, Russia Mumbai, India

Mexico City, Mexico Boston, MA

San Francisco, CA Reykjavik, Iceland

Vancouver, Canada

• Energy efficiency: turn off/unplug appliances,

fluorescent light bulbs, insulating windows on buildings

• Waste reduction: less packaging and RRR

• Water conservation: native plants, drip irrigation, H2O

efficient appliances, shorter showers, repairing leaks

• Renewable and alternative fuels: PV cells on tops of

buildings, wind energy from nearby areas

• Efficient transportation: public transportation, smog

limitations on cars, phase into hybrid and electric cars,

more carpool lanes as incentive, more bike lanes

• Hydrogen and biomass-running buses

• 72% of energy from geothermal and hydropower

sources

• Plan to become fossil-fuel-free by 2050

• All properties and industries run on renewable energy

• Free parking for eco-friendly vehicles

• Iceland’s GDP growth: 3.1%

• Electricity production: 7.894B kWh

• Electricity consumption: 7.341B kWh

• Geothermal power is a major industry and

industrial growth rate is 8.1%

• System of light rail, buses, bike lanes to keep cars off

the road; 25% workers commute by bike, carpool, or

public transportation

• 92K acres of green space

• 50% of power from renewable energy sources

• Decrease CO2 emission 4K tons/year

• Departure from economy based on natural resources; lost many

major employers and economic contributors; weakened economy

• Moved towards “green” or sustainable economy where people do

business in ways that are good for the economy, environment, and

communities

• Increased demand for products and services that help ensure

environmental sustainability, thus helping Portland economy grow

• 75% of residents rely on public transportation

• 580 ft2 of green space per inhabitant

• Highest recycling rate in the world: 70%

• Use parks as flood control instead of concrete canals

• Sheep to cut grass

• Largest pedestrianized downtown shopping area in the world

• Great bus system: 30% car traffic decreased even though population

tripled

• Curitiba’s average income per person has gone from

less than the Brazilian average in the 1970’s to 66%

greater than the Brazilian average, as new sources

of clean energy have opened great job opportunity

for residents

• Curitiba’s economic growth rate is 7.1% while the

national average is 4.2%

• Western Harbor, Bo01: new sector specifically providing sustainable

housing and green living

• Reduce carbon emissions by 20% by 2020; 25% bike daily

• Open drainage system: traps rainwater on living green roofs, in

courtyard ponds and open channels, allowing water to run off slowly

into saltwater canal or sea

• Use wind, solar, and underground aquifers as energy source

• Building new small, well-insulated houses that save a lot of energy

• The sustainable measures were backed by 250M

kronor (£18.5m; $34M) from the Swedish

government and 1.9M euros (£1.3m; $2.4M) from

the EU.

• Money used on technical systems, soil

decontamination, infrastructure, and information and

educational programs

• Sweden’s GDP growth: 4.4%

• 90% of its power from renewable sources, mainly hydropower

• Phasing into wind, solar, wave, and tidal energy

• Metro area has 200 parks and over 18 miles of waterfront

• Cooperation and sponsorship of EV developers; city owned vehicles

required to be low-emission; extensive network of bike lanes

• City-managed composting collector; use CH4 from landfills to

generate electricity and heat

• New streets made of 95% recycled old pavement

• Vancouver’s GDP growth: 2.8%

• Over the next 20 years the City of Vancouver will receive

$250,000 to $300,000 in energy revenues each year, which

will offset the cost of operating the landfill gas control system.

• Neutral carbon tax: $30 per tonne (1000 kg) of carbon

emissions

• Money gained from carbon tax if offset by tax reductions, so

net impact on taxpayers will be zero

• Employment of 76K people in resource industries, engineering,

and sustainability

• 7th most ozone polluted city and 18th most polluted city in particle

pollution in the United States

• 3M people and 68M vehicle miles traveled daily

• 94% of workers commute to work- 90% of them use a car, truck, or van

to get there

• Inefficient bus system, and continue to build new roads and lanes

• <10% kids walk/bike to school, loss of school bus system

• Majority of energy source comes from oil and coal

• Walkable mixed use villages

• Alignment for environmental protection and economic

competitiveness

• Adaptation of urban forestry

• Education of the public on sustainable practices

• Affordable housing and sustainable development incentive programs

• Free bicycle parking, more bike lanes

• Street trees, rooftop gardens

• More efficient public transportation system in downtown

• Water conserving appliances

• Increased incentives for renewable energy industrial use

1) List these cities in order of sustainability (first being most sustainable): Mumbai, India; Moscow, Russia; Reykjavik, Iceland; San Francisco, CA

A. San Francisco, CA; Reykjavik, Iceland; Moscow, Russia; Mumbai, India

B. Mumbai, India; Moscow, Russia; San Francisco, CA; Reykjavik, Iceland

C. Moscow, Russia; Reykjavik, Iceland; San Francisco, CA; Mumbai, India

D. Reykjavik, Iceland; San Francisco, CA; Mumbai, India; Moscow, Russia

2) What percent of workers in San Diego commute to work by a car, truck, or van, causing terrible air pollution?

A. 15%

B. 49%

C. 82%

D. 90%

3) Which of the following measures enables Portland to decrease CO2 emissions by 4K tons per year?

A. An efficient system of light rail, buses and bike lanes

B. 92,000 acres of green space

C. 50% of their power comes from renewable energy sources

D. a and b only

E. a, b, and c

4) What is the most efficient irrigation practice that enables many sustainable cities to conserve water?

A. drip irrigation

B. planting grass in place of tress/shrubbery

C. center-pivot sprinkler

D. flood irrigation

5) What is one common characteristic of the 5 most sustainable cities that we discussed in our presentation? (Reykjavik, Portland, Malmo, Vancouver, Curitiba)

A. All have a temperate climate

B. All cities are relatively new (built within the last 50 years)

C. All are coastal cities

D. All rely heavily on geothermal energy

6) What is Mumbai’s major issue that hinders sustainability?

A. frequent oil spills

B. rapid population growth

C. strong lobbying

D. enormous amount of wealth which leads to irresponsibility

7) Which city has the highest rate of recycling (70%)?

A. Vancouver, Canada

B. San Diego, California

C. Portland, Oregon

D. Curitiba, Brazil

E. Malmo, Sweden

8) Which of the following is NOT true regarding the sustainability of the city of Vancouver?

A. 90% of its energy comes from renewable sources.

B. The city generates electricity and heat from methane gas collected from collected compost.

C. Vancouver generates considerable energy through geothermal sources.

D. 95% of Vancouver's roads are made from recycled pavement.

E. The city makes use of many bike lanes and effective public transportation systems.

9) Which source of energy is Reykjavik, Iceland most known for?

A. Fossil fuels

B. Nuclear Energy

C. Geothermal Energy

D. Natural Gas

E. Photovoltaic Cells

10) How does the open drainage system work in Malmo?

A. Allowing gray water from homes to be drained into the municipal water treatment area.

B. Allowing gray water to inundate recharge zones above aquifers

C. Flushing all waste into the ocean

D. Watering crops with recycled water

E. Trapping rainwater in roofs or other home areas and allowing water to runoff slowly into the ocean

• http://www.totallygreen.com/investor-relations/industry-news/the-new-trend-sustainable-cities.html

• http://www.greenprophet.com/2011/04/seven-steps-sustainable/

• http://grist.org/article/cities3/

• http://www2.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=206270

• http://www.popsci.com/environment/article/2008-02/americas-50-greenest-cities?page=1

• http://www.travelwritersmagazine.com/TravelFeaturesSyndicate/Portland.html

• http://www.citiesforpeople.net/cities/curitiba.html

• http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/5413960.stm

• http://vancouver.ca/sustainability/building_streets.htm

• http://energy-cities.eu/IMG/pdf/BO01_EN.pdf

• http://www.europe-re.com/system/main.php?pageid=2616&articleid=14879

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden

• http://www.conferenceboard.ca/e-Library/abstract.aspx?did=4050

• http://www.vancouvereconomic.com/page/economic-profile

• http://www.hribar.com/san-diego-traffic-report.html

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland

• http://www.classbrain.com/art_cr/publish/iceland_economy.shtml

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curitiba#Economy

• http://www.weirdlyodd.com/10-most-polluted-cities-in-the-world/