Checklist of Plants of Columbia Countyhvfarmscape.org/sites/default/files/cc_plants_may_2014.pdf · 2014-05-13 · Checklist of Plants of Columbia County (draft May 2014, compiled

Checklist of Plants of Columbia County (draft May 2014, compiled by the Hawthorne Valley Farmscape Ecology Program [email protected]; comments and corrections are welcome)

p. 1 of 44

Family SciName simplified Synonyms CommName

Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k

PopTrend FCCRarity FCCHabitat PlantType GrowthHabit Duration

Aceraceae Acer negundo box elder Y CCg S5 sameonly along HuR, there

well established

often cultivated, maybe not native to

County?Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer nigrum black maple Y CCu S5 samepoorly known, maybe

variety of A. sacharumVascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer pensylvanicum

striped maple, moosewood, green-

striped maple, whistlewood,

Pennsylvania maple

Y CCg S5 samefreq throughout, most

abundant Erich moist woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer platanoides Norway maple N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer pseudoplatanus sycamore maple N-I SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer rubrum red maple Y S5same or

increased?c throughout swamps and wet woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer saccharinum silver maple Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq floodplain forest Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer saccharum sugar maple Y S5same or

increased?c woods, rich upland woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Aceraceae Acer spicatum mountain maple Y CCu S S4S5 declined only E, where common rocky woods, gorges Vascular Tree Perennial

Alismataceae Alisma subcordatumwater-plantain, broad-leaved water-

plantain, southern water-plantainY CCg S5 same only HuV,where common wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Alismataceae Alisma triviale Alisma subcordatum northern water-plantain Y S5 same?not in FCC, taxonomy

changedVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Alismataceae Sagittaria cuneatanorthern arrowhead, wapato,

wapatum arrowheadY CCr S5 same? r

muddy shores of small ponds which

dry up in summerVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Alismataceae Sagittaria graminea Sagittaria graminea grassleaf arrowhead Y CCu S5 same infreq shallow water, borders of pond Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Alismataceae Sagittaria latifoliabroadleaf arrowhead, wapato,

common arrowhead, duck-potatoY S5 same c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AlismataceaeSagittaria montevidensis

ssp. spongiosa

tidal arrowhead, hooded

arrowheadY CCr S2 same? r tidal mud Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Alismataceae Sagittaria rigida sessile-fruit arrowhead Y CCu S5 same? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Alismataceae Sagittaria subulata strap-leaf arrowhead Y CCr S3 same? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus albus

tumbleweed amaranth, tumble

pigweed, white amaranth, prostrate

pigweed

N SE not seen? c weed in cult or waste grounds Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus blitoides Amaranthus graecizans

prostrate amaranth, prostrate

pigweed, matweed, matweed

amaranth

N SE not seen r railroad yards Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus cannabinuswaterhemp pigweed, tidal marsh

amaranthY CCu S5 same loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus caudatuslove-lies-bleeding, purple

amaranth, foxtail amaranthN SE increased? not in FCC may persist near areas of cultivation Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus smooth amaranth, smooth pigweed N SE same cweed in gardens, cult. and waste

grdsVascular Forb/herb Annual

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus powellii

green amaranth, Powell's

amaranth, Powell's smooth

amaranth

N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Amaranthaceae Amaranthus retroflexus

common amaranth, redroot

pigweed, redroot amaranth, wild-

beet amaranth, rough pigweed

Y S5 same freqweed in gardens, cult. and waste

grdsVascular Herbaceous Annual

Anacardiaceae Cotinus coggygria smoketree N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Anacardiaceae Rhus aromatica fragrant sumac Y CCu R S5 declined? loc abund rocky bluffs and hills Vascular Shrub Perennial

Anacardiaceae Rhus copallinum winged sumac Y CCr S2 S5 same r rocky summits Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Anacardiaceae Rhus glabra smooth sumac Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where commonold fields, roadsides, thickets, dry

soilVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Anacardiaceae Rhus typhina staghorn sumac Y S5 same cold fields, roadsides, thickets, dry

soilVascular Tree Perennial


p. 2 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron radicans poison ivy, eastern poison ivy Y S5same or

increased?c woods, fence rows, rocky banks Vascular Vine Perennial

Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron rydbergii western poison ivy Y CCu? S3? incleased? not in FCC FNYA: rocky open areas Vascular Shrub Perennial

Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron vernix poison sumac Y CCu S4 same loc abund swamps, large & undistrubed Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Apiaceae Aegopodium podagraria goutweed, bishops goutweed N-I? SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Angelica atropurpurea angelica, great angelica Y CCu S5 same loc abundfloodplain forest, wet meadows,

swampsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Angelica venenosa hairy angelica Y CCr S3 declined? infreq dry woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Anthriscus sylvestris wild chervil, cow parsley N-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Apiaceae Chaerophyllum procumbens spreading chervil Y CCr S1 increased not in FCC floodplain species Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Apiaceae Cicuta bulbifera bulb-bearing water-hemlock Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Cicuta maculata

water hemlock, spotted water

hemlock, poison hemlock, beaver-

poison, musquash-root, spotted

cowbane

Y CCg S5 sameonly Hu&HaV,where

common

open swamps and margins of

streamsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Apiaceae Conioselinum chinense hemlock parsley Y CCr S4 same rswampy woods, shady places in

calc. marshesVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Conium maculatum poison hemlock N SE increased not in FCC (gravel pit) Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Apiaceae Cryptotaenia canadensis Canada honewort Y CCu S5 declined? c moist rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Daucus carota wild carrot N SE same c weed of fields, meadows, roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Apiaceae Heracleum maximum Heracleum lanatum cow-parsnip Y CCr S4 same r alluvial meadows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Hydrocotyle americana American water-pennywort Y CCu S5 declined? c springy places, moist low grounds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Osmorhiza claytonii sweet cicely, Clayton's sweetroot Y CCu S5 declined? freq moist rich woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Apiaceae Osmorhiza longistylis aniseroot, longstyle sweetroot Y CCu S5 same? infreq moist rich woods, floodplains Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Apiaceae Pastinaca sativa wild parsnip N SE same c, loc v. abund weed of meadows and roadsides Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Apiaceae Sanicula canadensis short-styled sanicle Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freq moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Apiaceae Sanicula marilandica black snake-root Y CCu S5 declined? c woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Sanicula odorata Sanicula gregaria clustered blacksnakeroot Y CCu S5 declined only HuV,where common moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Sium suavewater-parsnip, hemlock water-

parsnipY CCu S5 declined c

muddy borders of streams and

pondsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Taenidia integerrima yellow pimpernel Y CCr S5 declinedonly HuV,where

common, occ. In HaV

dry clay and shale bluffs and

hillsidesVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apiaceae Torilis japonica hedge-parsley, erect hedge-parsley N SE same occ dry fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Apiaceae Zizia apteraheart-leaved golden Alexanders,

meadow ziziaY CCu S4 declined? only Hu&HaV, freq dry, rich, calc. woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Apiaceae Zizia aurea common golden Alexanders Y CCu S5 declined? c throughout moist meadows, along streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

ApocynaceaeApocynum

androsaemifoliumspreading dogbane Y CCu S5 declined c dry fields and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apocynaceae Apocynum cannabinum Apocynum sibiricumIndian hemp, clasping-leaved

dogbaneY CCu S5 declined c

gravelly or sandy shores, weed in

fieldsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Apocynaceae Vinca minor periwinkle N SE increased occ cementaries, yards, roadsides Vascular Vine Perennial

Aquifoliaceae Ilex laevigata smooth winterberry holly Y CCu R S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Aquifoliaceae Ilex verticillata common winterberry, black holly Y CCu S5 declined? freq open swamps and wet woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Aquifoliaceae Nemopanthus mucronatus mountain holly Y CCu S S5 declined? loc abund swampy woods, sphagnum bogs Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Araceae Acorus americanus Acorus calamus American sweetflag Y CCr? S5

declined?

Or

taxonomy

changed…

only HuV,where common ditches, wet or swampy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 3 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Araceae Acorus calamus Acorus americanus European sweetflag N SEnot in FCC, taxonomy

changedVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araceae Arisaema dracontium green dragon Y CCr R S4 same r wet woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araceae Arisaema triphyllum jack-in-the-pulpit Y S5 same c throughout Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araceae Calla palustris wild calla, water arum Y CCr R? S5 same r swampy woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araceae Orontium aquaticum golden club Y CCr S2 declined? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araceae Peltandra virginica arrow-arum, green arrow-arum Y CCu S5 same? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araceae Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage Y CCg S5 same abund., but not >300m swampy places, wet woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araliaceae Aralia hispida bristly sarsaparilla Y CCr S4 declined infreq dry rocky woods, rocky summits Vascular Subshrub Perennial

Araliaceae Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla Y S5 same c woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Araliaceae Aralia racemosa Aralia racemosa American spikenard Y CCr R S5 declined freq moist rich woods, cool ravines Vascular Subshrub Perennial

Araliaceae Panax quinquefolius American ginseng Y CCr R S3S4 declined infreq moist rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Araliaceae Panax trifolius dwarf ginseng Y CCu S5 declined freq moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia clematitis birthwort N SE not seen not in FCC VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Aristolochiaceae Asarum canadense wild ginger, asarabacca Y CCu S5 declined c moist rich woods, floodplains Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias amplexicaulis clasping milkweed Y CCr R? S4 same r sandy fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias exaltata poke milkweed Y CCu R? S4 declined? infreq dry or moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed Y CCu S5 declined? freq swamps and wet grounds Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias quadrifoliafour-leaved milkweed, whorled

milkweedY CCu R? S5 declined freq dry woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias syriacacommon milkweed, Kansas

milkweed, silkweedY S5 same c

fields, pastures, along streams,

often a weedVascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsclepiadaceaeAsclepias tuberosa ssp.

interiorAsclepias tuberosa butterfly-weed, butterfly milkweed Y CCr S S4 declined infreq dry sandy or shaly soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias verticillatafour-leaved milkweed, whorled

milkweedY CCr R S3 declined only HuV, infreq dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Asclepias viridiflora green milkweed Y CCr S2 same r dry shaly slopes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asclepiadaceae Cynanchum louiseae Vincetoxicum nigrum

black swallow-wort, black dog-

strangling vine, climbing poison,

Louise's swallow-wort

N-I SE increased occ roadsides and woods near dwellings VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Aspleniaceae Asplenium montanum mountain spleenwort Y CCr S2S3 not seen r, one record dry acid rocks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Aspleniaceae Asplenium platyneuron Asplenium platyneuron ebony spleenwort Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freq shaly soils, rocky woods, crevices Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Aspleniaceae Asplenium rhizophyllum Camptosorus rhizophyllum walking-fern spleenwort Y CCu S S4S5 same? loc abund shaded limestone rocks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Aspleniaceae Asplenium ruta-muraria wall-rue spleenwort Y CCr S4 declined? infreq limestone rocks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Aspleniaceae Asplenium trichomanes Asplenium trichomanes maidenhair spleenwort Y CCu S4? declined only HuV, freqrocky wooded slopes, crevices in

rocksVascular-FernFern Perennial

Asteraceae Achillea millefolium common yarrow N SE same cfields, roadsides, woods, often

weedyVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Ageratina altissima Eupatorium rugosum white snakeroot Y S5 same c moist woods, thickets Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Ambrosia artemisiifolia ragweed, annual ragweed Y S5 same cfields, roadsides and waste grounds,

weedyVascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Ambrosia trifida Ambrosia trifida great ragweed Y CCg S S4 same?only Hu&HaV,where

commonalluvium of larger streams Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Ambrosia x helenae ragweed Y CCr S1? not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting Y CCu S5 declined c dry fields and edges of woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaeAntennaria howellii ssp.

canadensis

Antennaria neglecta var.

canadensisCanadian pussytoes Y SNR not seen c

dry fields and pastures, in sandy or

stony soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

AsteraceaeAntennaria howellii ssp.

neodioica

Antennaria neglecta var.

neodioicaHowell's pussytoes Y SNR not seen c


stony soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Antennaria neglectaAntennaria neglecta var.

neglectafield pussytoes Y S5 same c


stony soilVascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 4 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Asteraceae Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallaxAntennaria plantaginifolia

var. ambigens

Parlin's pussytoes, deceitful

pussytoes, lady's tobaccoY CCu? SNR not seen freq throughout, c in HuV

mainly in dry woods, on gravelly or

sandy soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

AsteraceaeAntennaria parlinii ssp.

parlinii

Antennaria plantaginifolia

var. parliniiParlin's pussytoes, lady's tobacco Y CCu SNR not seen local

wooded slopes and banks, often in

rich or calc. soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Antennaria plantaginifoliaAntennaria platnaginifolia

var. plantaginifolia

plantain-leaf pussytoes, woman's

tobaccoY S5 same c

dry woods and fields, in stony soil or

on shales and schist rocksVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Anthemis cotula Mayweed, stinking chamomile N SE same c cult. grds, waste grd, weedy Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Arctium lappa greater burdock N SE same? r Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Asteraceae Arctium minus common burdock, lesser burdock N SE same c moist soil, wast places, weedy Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Asteraceae Artemisia absinthiumcommon wormwood, absinthe,

absinthiumN SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Artemisia vulgaris mugwort N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Bidens beckii Beck's water-marigold Y CCr S3 same? rshallow water at edge of ponds and

lakesVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Bidens bidentoides Bidens eatonii Maryland bur-marigold Y CCr S3 declined? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Bidens cernua nodding beggar-ticks Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Bidens connata purple-stem swamp beggar-ticks Y S5 same c ditches, stream banks Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Bidens discoidea small beggar-ticks Y CCr? S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Bidens frondosa devil's beggartick Y S5 same c wet or moist soil, cult grd, weedy Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Bidens hyperborea estuary beggar-ticks Y CCr S1 declined? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Bidens laevis smooth beggartick, bur-marigold Y CCr S2 samenot in FCC (Dutchess Co

only)Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Bidens tripartita Bidens comosa three-lobe beggar-ticks Y CCu S5 same? infreq wet shores of lakes Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Bidens vulgata tall bur-marigold Y CCu S5 same loc abund ditches, roads, cult. Grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Cenaurea nigra black knapweed N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Centaurea jaceabrown knapweed, brown-ray

knapweed, brown starthistleN-I? SE increased loc very abund roadsides and old fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Centaurea nigrescens

short-fringe starthistle, Tyrol

knapweed, short-fringed

knapweed, vochin knapweed

N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaeCentaurea stoebe ssp.

micranthosCentaurea maculosa

spotted knapweed, spotted

starthistleN-I SE increased loc abund, spreading roadsides and waste grounds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Cichorium intybus chicory N SE same c fields and roadsides Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Asteraceae Cirsium arvenseCanada thistle, creeping thistle,

field thistleN-I SE same c

pastures, grain fields, roadsides,

cult. grd, weedVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Cirsium discolor field thistle Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freqfields, roadsides, on clay soils and in

alluviumVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Asteraceae Cirsium muticumswamp thistle, dunce-nettle,

horsetopsY CCu? S5 declined freq swampy woods, open calc. marshes Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Asteraceae Cirsium pumilum Cirsium pumilum pasture thistle Y CCu? S5 declined freq fields and pastures Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Asteraceae Cirsium vulgarebull thistle, common thistle, spear

thistleN SE increased local fields and pastures Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Asteraceae Conyza canadensis Conyza canadensis horseweed, Canadian horseweed Y S5 increased! not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Cota tinctoriagolden chamomile, golden

marguerite, yellow chamomileN SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Cyclachaena xanthiifolia Iva xanthifolia big marsh-elder, coarse sumpweed N SE not seen r waste grounds, weed Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Doellingeria infirma Aster infirmus cornel-leaf aster Y CCu S4 declined only Hu&HaV, freq dry sandy or shaly banks and woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Doellingeria umbellata Aster umbellatustall flat-topped white aster, parasol

whitetopY CCu S5 declined local wet woods, swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 5 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Asteraceae Erechtites hieraciifoliuspilewort, American burnweed,

fireweedY S5 same freq woods, swamps, clearings Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Erigeron annuusannual fleabane, white-top

fleabane, Easter daisy fleabaneY S5 same c

fields, pastures, waste places,


Asteraceae Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane Y CCu? S5 declined? freqmoist pastures & woods, along

streamsVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Asteraceae Erigeron pulchellus Erigeron pulchellus robin's plantain Y CCu? S5 declined? freq rich woods, calc. Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Erigeron strigosus prairie fleabane Y S5 same cfields, pastures, waste places,

weedyVascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Eupatorium altissimum tall boneset, tall thoroughwort N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset Y S5 same cwet places, open meadows and


AsteraceaeEupatorium sessilifolium var.

brittonianumEupatorium sessilifolium upland boneset Y CCr R SNR same r dry rocky hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Eurybia divaricata Aster divaricatus white wood-aster Y S5 same c dry woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Eurybia macrophylla Aster macrophyllus large-leaf aster Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq dry woodlands, rocky, acid Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Eurybia schreberi Aster schreberi Schreber's aster Y CCu S5 declined? freq dry woodlands Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Eurybia x herveyi Hervey's aster Y CCr S2? not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Euthamia graminifolia Solidago graminifoliagrass-leaved goldenrod, flat-top

fragrant goldenrodY S5 same c

fields, roadsides, pastures, grassy


Asteraceae Eutrochium fistulosum hollow Joe-Pye weed Y CCu S? S5 declined? only HuV, freq moist soil, thickets, edge of water Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Eutrochium maculatum Eupatorium maculatum spotted Joe-Pye weed Y S5 same c wet or moist soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Eutrochium purpureum Eupatorium purpureum sweetscented Joe-Pye weed Y CCu? S5 declined? c, but never abund moist rich soil, shady places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Galinsoga parviflora small-flower quickweed N SE same locally abund waste and cult. Grds Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Galinsoga quadriradiata Galinsoga ciliata fringed quickweed, shaggy soldier N SE same locally abund waste & cult. Grd, spreading Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Gnaphalium uliginosum low cudweed N SE decreased freq wet places, ditches, roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Helenium autumnale common sneezeweed Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common tidal swamps and creeks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Helianthus annuus common sunflower N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Helianthus decapetalus thin-leaved sunflower Y CCu S5 declined? freq woods and streambanks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Helianthus divaricatus woodland sunflower Y CCu S5 declined c dry woods, open rocky hills Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower N SE same r Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Helianthus salicifolius willow-leaf sunflower N SE same r Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Helianthus strumosus pale-leaf sunflower Y CCu S5 declined? infreq, loc abund dry woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke N SE same occ establ. in and around old yards and gardens Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Heliopsis helianthoides Heliopsis helianthoides ox-eye sunflower Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common alluvium of larger streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Hieracium paniculatum panicled hawkweed Y S5 same c dry woods, acid Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Hieracium scabrum rough hawkweed Y CCu S5 same? infreq dry fields and hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Hieracium umbellatumHieracium kalmii (H.

canadense)

Canada hawkweed, Kalm's

hawkweed, Canadian hawkweedY CCu S4 same? only E, infreq

dry fields and woods, rocky or sandy

soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Hieracium venosum rattlesnake hawkweed Y CCu S5 declined? c dry woods, clearings, sandy soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Inula helenium elecampane N SE same? locally abund dry fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Ionactis linariifolius Aster linariifoliusflaxleaf whitetop aster, flaxleaf

asterY CCr R? S4 not seen r dry rocky or sandy banks, woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Krigia virginica Virginia dwarf-dandelion Y CCu S S4 same? only HuV & HaV, infreq dry shaly hillsides in fields and

woodsVascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Lactuca biennis tall blue lettuce Y CCu S5 declined? freq moist or swampy grd Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Asteraceae Lactuca canadensis Canada lettuce Y CCu S5 same local moist grounds Vascular Forb/herbBiennial,

mostly


p. 6 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Asteraceae Lapsana communis nipplewort, common nipplewort N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Leontodon autumnalisScorzoneroides

autumnalisfall dandelion, N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Leucanthemum vulgareChrysanthemum

leucanthemumoxeye daisy N SE same c fields and roadsides, weed Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Matricaria discoidea Matricaria matricarioides pineapple-weed chamomile N SE same c roadsides and waste places Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Mikania scandens climbing hempweed Y CCu S S4 declined? only HuR, freq tidal swamps, swampy woods VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Asteraceae Oclemena acuminata Aster acuminatus whorled aster Y CCg S5 same only E, where common rocky woods, sphagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Oligoneuron ohioense Solidago ohioense Ohio goldenrod Y CCr S2 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Oligoneuron rigidum Solidago rigidastiff-leaf goldenrod, prairie

goldenrodY CCr S2 declined?

only lower Hu&HaV, loc

abund dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Packera aurea Senecio aureus golden ragwort Y CCu S5 same loc abund wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Packera obovata Senecio obovatus roundleaf ragwort Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freqshaly or calcareous hillsides and

outcropsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Pilosella aurantiaca Hieracium aurantiacum orange hawkweed N SE same c sterile fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Pilosella caespitosa Hieracium pratenseyellow hawkweed, meadow

hawkweedN SE same c fields and roadsides, dry and sterile Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Pilosella officinarum Hieracium pilosella mouse-ear hawkweed N SE same? occ dry fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Pilosella piloselloides Hieracium florentinum glaucous kingdevil N SE declined freqdry soil along roadsides, in fields

and waste groundsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Prenanthes alba white rattlesnakeroot Y S5 same c rich woods and swamps Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Asteraceae Prenanthes altissima tall rattlesnake-root Y CCu S5 same infreq moist rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Prenanthes trifoliolata three-leaved rattlesnake-root Y CCu S5 declined? freq moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaePseudognaphalium

macouniiGnaphalium macounii Macoun's cudweed Y CCu? S5 declined? infreq fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

AsteraceaePseudognaphalium

obtusifoliumGnaphalium obtusifolium fragrant cudweed Y CCu? S5 declined c, weedy dry fields Vascular Forb/herb Annual

AsteraceaeRudbeckia hirta var.

pulcherrimablack-eyed Susan, gloriosa daisy N SE same c meadows and fields, weedy Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Asteraceae Rudbeckia laciniata cutleaf coneflower Y CCu S S5 declined c swamps and along streams Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Rudbeckia triloba browneyed Susan N SE same locally abund dry or moist, roadsides Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Senecio vulgarisgroundsel, common groundsel, old-

man-in-the-springN SE same r garden weed Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Asteraceae Sericocarpus asteroides toothed white-top aster Y CCu S5 declined freq dry woods & fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaeSolidago

altissima/canadensis

Canada goldenrod (broadly

defined, incl. S. altissima)Y S5 same? c Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago arguta forest goldenrod, cutleaf goldenrod Y CCu S5 declined c rich & rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago bicolor silver-rod, white goldenrod Y CCu S5 declined c dry fields and woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago caesiabluestem goldenrod, wreath

goldenrodY CCu S5 declined c woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago flexicauliszig-zag goldenrod, broad-leaved

goldenrodY CCu S5 same infreq, loc abund rich moist woods and calc. talus Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago gigantea smooth goldenrod, giant goldenrod Y S5 same freq wet or moist soil in open Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago hispida Solidago hispida hairy goldenrod Y CCu S4 declined infreq dry fields, sandy or stony soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago juncea early goldenrod Y S5 same c dry fields and woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago nemoralis

gray goldenrod, old-field goldenrod,

field goldenrod, dyersweed

goldenrod

Y CCu S5 declined c fields, open hillsides, dry woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago patula Solidago patula rough-leaved goldenrod Y CCu S5 same loc abund rich, calc. soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago puberula Solidago puberula downy goldenrod Y CCu S4 same infreq bare rocky summits Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago rugosa

wrinkle-leaved goldenrod, rough-

stemmed goldenrod, tall hairy

goldenrod, butterweed

Y S5 same c fields, thickets, fencerows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 7 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Asteraceae Solidago speciosa Solidago speciosa showy goldenrod Y CCr R? S4 same r, loc abund dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago squarrosastout goldenrod, ragged goldenrod,

squarrose goldenrodY CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freq

rocky slopes, shale, schist,

limestoneVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago uliginosa bog goldenrod Y CCr declined infreq, loc abund marshes and wet meadows, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Solidago ulmifolia Solidago ulmifolia elmleaf goldenrod Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freqdry rocky woods and slopes, shale

and calc.Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaeSonchus arvensis ssp.

uliginosus

Sonchus arvensis var.

glabrescensmoist sowthistle N SE same? only HuV, freq along HuR waste places, moist soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Sonchus oleraceus common sowthistle N SE same locally abund waste places around dwellings Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum cordifolium Aster cordifolius blue wood-aster, heart-leaved

asterY CCu S5 declined? c woods, thickets, fencerows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum ericoides heath aster, white heath aster Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freq open fields, pastures Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum laeve Aster laevis smooth blue aster Y CCu S5 declined only HuV,where common dry fields, banks, roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaeSymphyotrichum

lanceolatumAster lanceolatus white panicle aster Y S5 same c

wet meadows, borders of woods,

open swampsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum lateriflorum Aster lateriflorus calico aster, small white aster Y S5 same c fields, etc Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

AsteraceaeSymphyotrichum novae-

angliaeAster novae-angliae New England aster Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where common fields, pastures, edges of swamps Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum patens late purple aster Y CCu S4 declined? only Hu&HaV, freq dry hillsides and open banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum pilosum awl aster Y CCg S5 same? only HuV,where common open fields & hillsides, dry Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum praealtum Aster praealtus willowleaf aster Y CCu S5 increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial


prenanthoidesAster prenanthoides zig-zag aster, crookedstem aster Y CCu S5 declined only E, loc abund floodplains Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum puniceum Aster puniceus purple-stemmed aster Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


tradescantiishore aster Y CCr? S4S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Asteraceae Symphyotrichum undulatum wavy-leaved aster Y CCu S5 declined c, but not abund dry woods, roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Tanacetum parthenium feather-leaf tansy N SE not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Tanacetum vulgare common tansy N SE same c, but local roadsides, dooryards, streamsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Taraxacum laevigatumTaraxacum

erythrospermumred-seeded dandelion N SE decreased infreq woods and shaded banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Taraxacum officinale dandelion, common dandelion N SE same clawns, cult. Grd., moist fields and

woods, weedyVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Tragopogon pratensisgoat's-beard, meadow goat's-

beardN SE same freq roadsides and waste ground Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Asteraceae Tussilago farfara colt's foot N SE same freqmoist places along roads and

streams, in clayVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Asteraceae Xanthium strumarium cockle-bur Y/N CCu S5 declined c moist or cult grds, waste places Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Balsaminaceae Impatiens capensis

orange jewelweed, spotted

jewelweed, touch-me-not,

snapweed

Y S5 same c wet places, woods and open Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Balsaminaceae Impatiens glandulifera policeman's helmet N-I? SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Balsaminaceae Impatiens pallida yellow jewelweed, pale jewelweed Y CCu S4 same infreq, loc abund ravines and alluvial Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Berberidaceae Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Berberidaceae Berberis vulgariscommon barberry, European

barberryN SE declined

only HuV, where very

common

dry woods and hillsides, esp. shales

and clayVascular Shrub Perennial

Berberidaceae Caulophyllum thalictroidesblue cohosh, squaw-root, papoose-

rootY CCu S S5 declined? freq rich woods, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 8 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Berberidaceae Podophyllum peltatumMay-apple, Indian-apple, wild-

mandrakeY CCu S S5 declined only HuV,where common moist woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Betulaceae Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Alnus rugosaspeckled alder, tag alder, swamp

alderY S5 same? c

wet places in open and along

streams, often weedy, taking over

old fields

Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Betulaceae Alnus serrulatasmooth alder, brook-side alder,

hazel alderY S5 same? c margins of lakes, ponds, and bogs Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Betulaceae Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Y CCg S5 same only E, where common rich woods and swamps Vascular Tree Perennial

Betulaceae Betula lentablack birch, sweet birch, cherry

birchY S5 same c moist rocky woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Betulaceae Betula papyriferawhite birch, paper birch, canoe

birchY CCg S5 same only E, where common rocky woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Betulaceae Betula populifolia gray birch, white birch, fire birch Y S5 same cdry woods and open fields, weed-

like on abandoned landVascular Tree Perennial

Betulaceae Betula pumilaswamp birch, bog birch, dwarf

birch, low birchY CCr S2 declined loc abund calc. marshes Vascular Shrub Perennial

Betulaceae Betula x sandbergii Sandberg's hybrid birch Y CCu? S? not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub, Tree Perennial

BetulaceaeCarpinus caroliniana ssp.

virginiana

musclewood, American hornbeam,

blue beech, ironwoodY S5 same c moist woods, often along streams Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Betulaceae Corylus americana American hazelnut Y CCg S5 same?only Hu&HaV,where

commondry sandy places Vascular Shrub Perennial

Betulaceae Corylus cornuta Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut, beaked hazel Y CCg S5 same? only E, where common rocky woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Betulaceae Ostrya virginiana hop hornbeam, ironwood Y S5 same c dry, esp. rocky woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Bignoniaceae Campsis radicans trumpet-creeper N SE not seennot in FCC (only in

notebook)Vascular Vine Perennial

Bignoniaceae Catalpa speciosa catalpa, northern catalpa N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Boraginaceae Buglossoides arvensis Lithospermum arvense corn-gromwell N SE decreased occ dry soil in waste places Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Boraginaceae Cynoglossum officinalehound's-tongue, common hound's-

tongueN SE decreased occ woods and waste places Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Boraginaceae Echium vulgare

vipersbugloss, common

vipersbugloss, blue-weed, blue

devil

N SE same? c in HuV, less so E dry fields and waste places, weedy Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Boraginaceae Hackelia virginiana Virginia stickseed, beggarslice Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where common dry woods Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Boraginaceae Lappula squarrosa Lappula echinata European stickseed N SE not seen occ waste places Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Boraginaceae Mertensia virginica Virginia bluebells Y CCu S4

increase,

but maybe

all escaped

from

cultivation?

not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Boraginaceae Myosotis laxasmaller forget-me-not, wild forget-

me-notY CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freq wet places along streams and ponds Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Boraginaceae Myosotis scorpioides true forget-me-not N SE increased occ along brooks and springy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Boraginaceae Myosotis verna spring forget-me-not Y CCr S5 not seen occ? dry shaly hillsides Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Boraginaceae Symphytum officinale comfrey, common comfrey N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard N-I SE increased occ roadsides and cult grd Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Arabidopsis lyrata Arabis lyratalyre-leaved rockcress, lyrate

rockcressY CCu S5 declined? loc abund shales and limestones Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Brassicaceae Arabis glabra tower mustard, tower rockcress N increased? not in FCC Vascular HerbaceousBiennial/P

erennial

BrassicaceaeArabis hirsuta var.

pycnocarpaArabis hirsuta

hairy rock-cress, creamflower

rockcressY CCu S S5? declined? loc abund rocky calc ledges Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Armoracia rusticana horseradish N SE declined? occescaping from cult into ditches and

alluvial grdsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Barbarea vulgaris wintercress, yellow rocket N SE same freq cult and moist grds Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Brassicaceae Berteroa incana alyssum, hoary false madwort N SE increased r weed on roadside Vascular Herbaceous Biennial


p. 9 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Brassicaceae Boechera canadensis Arabis canadensis sicklepod Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freq dry woods on shale and limestones Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Brassicaceae Boechera laevigata Arabis laevigata smooth rock-cress Y CCu S5 declined freq rich or moist woods on ledges Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Brassicaceae Brassica nigra black mustard N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Brassicaceae Capsella bursa-pastorisshepherd's purse, common

shepherd's purseN SE same c cultivated and waste grounds Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Brassicaceae Cardamine bulbosa Cardamine rhomboidea bulbous bittercress Y CCu S S5 declined? only HuV, freq wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Cardamine concatenata Dentaria laciniata cutleaf toothwort Y CCu S5 declined? local rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Cardamine diphyllabroad-leaved toothwor, two-leaf

toothwortY CCu S5 declined? c rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Cardamine impatiensnarrowleaf bittercress, bushy rock-

cressN-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Cardamine longii Long's bitter-cress Y CCr S2 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Cardamine maximaDentaria laciniata x

diphyllalarge toothwort Y CCr S4 same infreq, loc abund Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

BrassicaceaeCardamine parviflora var.

arenicolaCardamine parviflora small-flower bitter-cress Y CCu S S4 declined only E >300m, freq rocky ledges, on schist and quartzite Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Brassicaceae Cardamine pensylvanica Pennyslvania bittercress Y S5 same cspringy places and margins of

streamsVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Cardamine pratensis cuckooflower N? S5 not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Brassicaceae Erysimum cheiranthoides wormseed wallflower N SE increase? garden weed Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Hesperis matronalisdame's-rocket, mother-of-the-

evening, dame's-violetN-I SE increased! occ roadsides and along streams Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Lepidium campestre field pepperweed N SE increased local waste places, weedy Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Lepidium virginicumwild peppergrass, poor-man's

pepperY CCu S5 declined? c roadsides, fields, cult grd, weedy Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Nasturtium microphyllum onerow yellowcress N SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Nasturtium officinaleRorippa nasturtium-

aquaticumwatercress N-I SE same infreq, loc abund in streams and springs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Brassicaceae Raphanus raphanistrum wild radish N SE same c cult fields and waste grounds, weed Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Rorippa palustris bog yellowcress Y/N CCu? S5 declined? c wet places along streams Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Sinapis arvensis corn mustard N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Brassicaceae Sisymbrium altissimum tumblemustard, tall tumblemustard N SE same? infreq waste places Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Brassicaceae Sisymbrium officinalehedgemustard, hairy-pod

hedgemustardN SE same c wast and cult grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Brassicaceae Thlaspi arvense field penny-cress N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Buxaceae Pachysandra terminalisJapanese pachysandra, Japanese

spurgeN SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cabombaceae Brasenia schreberiwater-shield, purple wen-dock,

water-targetY CCr S5 same? r, one record ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Cactaceae Opuntia humifusa prickly-pear, eastern prickly-pear Y CCr S S4 r, one location dry shaly slopes of Mt Merino VascularShrub,

SubshrubPerennial

Callitrichaceae Callitriche hermaphroditica autumnal water-starwort Y CCr? S1 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Callitrichaceae Callitriche heterophylla Callitriche heterophylladiverse-leaved water-starwort,

twoheaded water-starwortY CCu S5 same? infreq shallow streams and pools Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Callitrichaceae Callitriche palustris Callitriche verna vernal water-starwort Y S5 same? freq shallow streams and pools Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Callitrichaceae Callitriche stagnalis pond water-starwort N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Callitrichaceae Callitriche terrestris terrestrial water-starwort Y CCr S2S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Campanulaceae Campanula aparinoides marsh bellflower Y CCu S5 declined freq wet meadows, neutr. or calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Campanula rapunculoides creeping bellflower N SE declined c, locally abundant roadsides and old dooryards Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Campanula rotundifolia American harebell Y CCr S4S5 decreased freq steep rocky hillsides and bluffs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 10 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


CampanulaceaeCampanulastrum

americanumCampanula americana tall bellflower Y CCh S1 same r, historical records only Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Lobelia cardinalis cardinal flower Y CCu S4S5 decreased only HuV,where common margins of streams and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Lobelia inflata Indian-tobacco Y S5 same c dry fields, woods, roadsides, weedy Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Campanulaceae Lobelia kalmii Kalm's lobelia Y CCu S S5 same? loc abund calc. marshes and meadows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Lobelia siphilitica great blue lobelia Y CCu S5 declined only HuV,where common wet woods and swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Lobelia spicata spiked lobelia, pale-spiked lobelia Y CCu S5 declinedonly Hu&HaV,where

commonpastures, rich fields, wooded banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Campanulaceae Triodanis perfoliata Triodanis perfoliata clasping Venus' looking-glass Y CCu S5 declined c, weedy dry woods and clearings Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Cannabaceae Cannabis sativahemp, marihuana (marijuana), pot,

grass, maryjane, cannabisN SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Cannabaceae Humulus japonicus Japanese hops N-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cannabaceae Humulus lupulus common hop, hops N S5 same occ escaped near dwellings VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Capparidaceae Polanisia dodecandra common clammy-weed N SE declined only HuV, freq sand and gravel bars in larger

streamsVascular Forb/herb Annual

Caprifoliaceae Diervilla lonicera northern bush-honeysuckle Y CCu S5 declined? c dry woods and thickets Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera canadensis American fly-honeysuckle Y CCu R S5 declined?freq/c both on shales in

HuV and >300mravines and rocky woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera dioica var. dioica Lonicera dioicawild honeysuckle, limber

honeysuckleY CCu S? S5 declined? c dry rocky woods and banks Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera hirsuta Lonicera hirsuta hairy honeysuckle Y CCr S4 same? r dry sandy soil, edge of woods Vascular Vine Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera maackii Amur honeysuckle N-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera morrowii/bella Morrow's/Bell's honeysuckle N-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera sempervirens trumpet honeysuckle Y CCu R? S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Vine Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera tatarica Tartarian honeysuckle N SE increased occescaped from cult. In woods and

along roadsidesVascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera villosa Lonicera villosa mountain fly-honeysuckle Y CCr S3? same? r wooded sphagnum bog Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Lonicera xylosteum European fly-honey-suckle N-I? SE increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

CaprifoliaceaeSambucus nigra ssp.

canadensisSambucus canadensis common elderberry Y CCg S5 same

only Hu&HaV,where

commonmoist grounds Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Sambucus racemosa Sambucus racemosa red elderberry Y CCg S5 same? only E >300m, freq cool rocky woods, gorges Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Symphoricarpos orbiculatus coral-berry N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Triosteum aurantiacum Triosteum perfoliatumhorse-gentian, orange-fruited horse-

gentian, coffee tinker's-weedY CCu S5 declined? freq dry or moist woods, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Viburnum acerifolium mapleleaf viburnum Y S5 same c woods and thickets Vascular Shrub Perennial

CaprifoliaceaeViburnum dentatum var.

lucidumViburnum recognitum arrowwood, northern arrowwood Y S5 same c open swamps in moist woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Viburnum lantana wayfaring-tree N SE not seen r, one record Mount Merino Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Viburnum lantanoides Viburnum alnifolium hobblebush, alderleaf viburnum Y CCu R? S5 declined? only E >300m, freq ravines and cold woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Viburnum lentago nannyberry Y S5 same freq swamps and moist woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

CaprifoliaceaeViburnum nudum var.

cassinoidesViburnum cassinoides wild raisin, northern wild raisin Y CCu S5 same? infreq swamps and borders of ponds Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

CaprifoliaceaeViburnum opulus var.

americanumViburnum opulus highbush cranberry Y CCu R S4 declined? freq E, r HuV swamps, dry woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Caprifoliaceae Viburnum rafinesquianum downy arrow-wood Y CCu S S5 same? infreq, loc abund dry rocky hillsides, calc. Vascular Shrub Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Arenaria serpyllifolia thyme-leaf sandwort N SE same infreq dry gravelly or rocky places, weedy Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Caryophyllaceae Cerastium arvense (incl. native C. strictum) American field chickweed Y/N CCr SE same r, only on high hills Ebare rocky slopes (but also in

disturbed areas)Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

CaryophyllaceaeCerastium fontanum ssp.

vulgareCerastium vulgatum

mouse-eared chickweed, big

chickweedN SE same c woods and cultivated grds Vascular Herbaceous Biennial


p. 11 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Caryophyllaceae Cerastium nutans Cerastium nutans nodding chickweed Y CCu S5 not seen infreq shaly quarry bank, etc Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Caryophyllaceae Dianthus armeria Deptford pink N SE increased freq waste places, old yards, roadsides Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Caryophyllaceae Dianthus deltoides maiden-pink N SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Lychnis flos-cuculi ragged-robin N SE increased! r, one record from 1891 Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Minuartia michauxii Michaux's stitchwort Y ?CC S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Moehringia lateriflora Arenaria laterifloragrove sandwort, blunt-leaf

sandwortY CCu S5 same? loc abund wet meadows, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Myosoton aquaticum Stellaria aquatica giant chickweed N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Paronychia canadensisforked-chickweed, forked nail-wort,

smooth-forked nailwortY CCu S5 declined? c dry rocky woods and banks Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Caryophyllaceae Paronychia fastigiata Paronychia fastigiata

forked-chickweed, cluster-

stemmed nail-wort, hairy forked

nailwort

Y CCr S4 not seen r, two locations sandy soil Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Caryophyllaceae Sagina japonica Japanese pearlwort N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Caryophyllaceae Sagina procumbens procumbent pearlwort N SE not seen only E springy places and wet rocks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Saponaria officinalis bouncing-bet N SE same c waste places and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Scleranthus annuus knawel, annual knawel N SE decreased freqsandy fields and waste places,


Caryophyllaceae Silene antirrhina sleepy catchfly Y CCu S5 declined? infreq dry rocky woods and banks Vascular Forb/herb Annual

CaryophyllaceaeSilene caroliniana ssp.

pensylvanicaPennsylvania catchfly Y CCr S2 declined only S, freq

dry woods, on shaly or schistose

rockVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Silene latifolia Lychnis albawhite campion, bladder campion,

white cockleN SE same occ roadside weed Vascular Forb/herb

Biennial,

mostly

Caryophyllaceae Silene noctiflora night-flowering catchfly N SE not seen r, a single specimen Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Caryophyllaceae Silene vulgaris Silene cucubalus bladder campion, maiden's tears N SE same locally abund fields and roadsides, weed Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Spergula arvensiscornspurry, corn spurrey, stickwort,

starwortN SE same r cultivated grd, weed Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Caryophyllaceae Spergularia maritima Spergularia mediamiddle-size sand-spurry, greater

sea-spurryN SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb

Annual or

Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Spergularia rubrapurple sand-spurry, red sand-

spurryN SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Caryophyllaceae Stellaria borealis Stellaria calycantha northern stitchwort, boreal starwort Y CCu S5 same?no CC record, maybe

only in MA?cool, moist places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Stellaria graminea

common stitchwort, little starwort,

grass-leaved stitchwort, grass-

leaved starwort

N SE same freqmoist grassy places (roadsides,

meadows)Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Stellaria longifolialongleaf stitchwort, long-leaved

starwortY CCu? S5 not seen poorly known moist grassy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Caryophyllaceae Stellaria media common chickweed N SE same freqweed of cult grounds, lawns and

forestVascular Herbaceous Annual

Caryophyllaceae Vaccaria hispanica Saponaria vaccaria cowcockle, cowherb N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Celastraceae Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Vine Perennial

Celastraceae Celastrus scandensAmerican bittersweet, climbing

bittersweetY CCr S? S3 declined! c dry woods and fencerows Vascular Vine Perennial

Celastraceae Euonymus alatus winged burning bush N-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Celastraceae Euonymus europaeus European spindletree N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

CelastraceaeEuonymus fortunei var.

radicans

winter creeper, climbing spindle-

treeN-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Vine, Shrub Perennial

Ceratophyllaceae Ceratophyllum demersumcommon coontail, common

hornwort, common hornweedY S5 same c

ponds and sluggish streams, incl

HudsonVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ceratophyllaceae Ceratophyllum echinatum prickly coontail, prickly hornwort Y CCu S3 increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Chenopodiaceae Atriplex patulahalberd-leaf saltbush, spear orach,

spearscaleY CCr S5 same? r weed in cult grounds Vascular Forb/herb Annual


p. 12 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium album lambs-quarters N SE same c fields, gardens, woods Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium glaucum oakleaf goosefoot N SE same? infreq mudflats Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium simplex

Chenopodium

gigantospermum

(=Ch.simplex)

giant-seed goosefoot, maple-leaf

goosefootY CCu S5 same? infreq woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Chenopodiaceae Cycloloma atriplicifolium winged pigweed N SE not seen r, very localused to be common on a certain

sand flatVascular Forb/herb Annual

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania ambrosioidesChenopodium

ambrosioidesMexican tea, worm-seed N SE not seen infreq waste places along HuR Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Chenopodiaceae Dysphania botrys Chenopodium botrys Jerusalem-oak, feather-geranium N SE not seen infreq dry gravelly situations Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Chenopodiaceae Kochia scoparia Mexican summer-cypress N SE not seen occ escaped from cult. Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Chenopodiaceae Salsola collina Salsola kalislender Russian thistle,

tumbleweedN SE not seen locally abund sand and dry places along HuR Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Chenopodiaceae Salsola tragusRussian thistle, tumbleweed,

prickly Russian thistleN SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Cistaceae Crocanthemum bicknellii Helianthemum bicknellii hoary frostweed Y CCu S5 same? infreq old fields, gravelly or sandy soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cistaceae Crocanthemum canadense Helianthemum canadense longbranch frostweed Y CCu S5 same? infreq old fields, gravelly or sandy soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cistaceae Lechea intermedia Lechea intermedia largepod pinweed Y CCu S5 declined c dry fields, thickets, edges of woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Clethraceae Clethra alnifolia pepper-bush, coast pepper-bush Y CCr S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum ascyron Hypericum pyramidatum great St. John's-wort Y CCr S3 decreased infreqalluvial or rocky soil near large

streamsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum boreale northern St. John's-wort Y CCr S5 not seen r muddy pond and lakeshores Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum canadense Canadian St. John's-wort Y CCu S5 increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Clusiaceae Hypericum ellipticum pale St. John's-wort Y CCr S5 not seen r moist meadows and banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum gentianoides orange-grass St. John's-wort Y CCr S? S5 declined only Hu&HaV, freq dry sandy, gravelly soil Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Clusiaceae Hypericum majus larger Canadian St. John's-wort Y CCu S5 same? infreq or r moist meadows and banks Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Clusiaceae Hypericum mutilum dwarf St. John's-wort Y CCu S5 declined c wet soil in ditches etc Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum perforatum common St. John's-wort N SE same cdry soil in fields and waste grds,

weedVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum prolificum shrubby St. John's-wort Y CCr S2 increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Clusiaceae Hypericum punctatum spotted St. John's-wort Y CCu S5 declined cmoist soil, in woods and along


Clusiaceae Triadenum fraseri marsh St. John's-wort Y CCr S5 declined infreq swampy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Clusiaceae Triadenum virginicum marsh St. John's-wort Y CCu S5 declined c swampy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

CommelinaceaeCommelina communis var.

ludensAsiatic dayflower N SE same? local dry soil, weedy Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Convolvulaceae Calystegia sepium Convolvulus sepium hedge false bindweed N SE same c weed, woods, thickets, cult grd VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Convolvulaceae Calystegia spithamaea Convolvulus spithamaeus low false bindweed Y CCu S5 declined? infreqdry sandy or shaly fields and

hillsidesVascular

Vine,

Forb/herb

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus arvensis field bindweed N SE same locally established dry fields and roadsides, weed VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Cornaceae Cornus alternifolia alternate-leaf dogwood Y CCu S? S5 same? freq but solitary woods and occ. Fields Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Cornaceae Cornus amomum silky dogwood Y S5 same c open swamps, shores Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Cornaceae Cornus canadensis

bunchberry, dwarf dogwood,

pudding berry, crackerberry, dwarf

cornel

Y CCu S4S5 declined only E, freq Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cornaceae Cornus florida flowering dogwood Y CCg S4S5 same?only Hu&HaV,where

commonwoods, occ fields and fencerows Vascular Tree Perennial

Cornaceae Cornus racemosa gray dogwood Y S5 same c dry woods and fields, fencerows Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Cornaceae Cornus rugosa roundleaf dogwood Y CCu R? S5 declined freq dry rocky hillsides and cliffs, calc Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial


p. 13 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Cornaceae Cornus sericea Cornus sericea red osier dogwood Y CCu S5 declined? c open swampy places Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Crassulaceae Hylotelephium telephium Sedum purpureum garden stonecrop N SE increased occ escaped from cultiv. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Crassulaceae Penthorum sedoides ditch-stonecrop Y CCu S5 declined? c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Crassulaceae Sedum acre gold-moss N SE same local shaly ledges, sand flats Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Crassulaceae Sedum ternatum wood stonecrop N SE increased local lawn Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Cucurbitaceae Echinocystis lobatawild cucumber, prickly cucumber,

wild balsam-appleY S5 same freq along larger streams Vascular Vine Annual

Cucurbitaceae Sicyos angulatusburr cucumber, one-seeded burr

cucumberY CCu S5 declined only Hu&HaV, freq thickets along streams Vascular Vine Annual

CupressaceaeJuniperus communis var.

depressaJuniperus communis juniper, dwarf juniper Y CCu S4 same local dry woods and fields Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Cupressaceae Juniperus virginiana red cedar, savin Y CCg S5 sameonly HuV, where

abundantwoods and open fields, calc. shales Vascular Tree Perennial

Cupressaceae Thuja occidentalisnorthern white cedar, arbor-vitae,

arborvitaeY CCu S S5 same only HuR, loc abund

steep shale banks and outcrops

near riverVascular Tree Perennial

Cuscutaceae Cuscuta epithymum clover dodder N SE not seen r, found once on legume host VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Cuscutaceae Cuscuta gronovii

Gronovius dodder, scaldweed,

common dodder, love dodder,

swamp dodder

Y S5 same c parasitic on various species VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Cyperaceae Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Scirpus fluviatilis river bulrush Y CCu S5 same? locally very abundtidal marshes of HuR, Kinderhook

LakeVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Bulbostylis capillaris Bulbostylis capillaris densetuft hairsedge Y CCu S S5 same? infreq, loc abund sandy or dry soil Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Cyperaceae Carex abscondita thicket sedge Y CCr S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex aestivalis summer sedge Y CCg S4 not seen only E rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex alata broadwing sedge Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex albicans Carex artitecta bellow-beaked sedge Y CCu S5 not seen freq dry banks, sandy or calc. Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex albursina white bear sedge Y CCg S5 same? only E rich woodlands Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex amphibola narrow-leaved sedge Y CCr S1 not seen

not in FCC [C. amphibola

in FCC refers to what is

now called C. grisea]

Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex annectens yellow-fruited sedge Y S5 same? freq meadows and dry grassy woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex appalachica Appalachian sedge Y CCu S5 increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex aquatilisCarex aquatilis (=C.

substricta)water sedge Y CCu S5 same? local? calc. marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex arctatadrooping woodland sedge, black

sedgeY CCg S5 same? only E, freq rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex argyrantha hay sedge, silvery-flowered sedge Y CCg S4 same? only E, freq rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex atherodes awned sedge Y CCr S3 not seen r, one record pond Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex atlantica prickly bog sedge, Atlantic sedge Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex aurea golden-fruited sedge Y CCr R S5 not seen r moist rich woods and meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex baileyi Bailey's sedge Y CCr S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex bebbii Bebb's sedge Y CCu? S5 increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex bicknellii Bicknell's sedge Y CCr S3 declined? infreq dry shaly banks Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex billingsii Billings' sedge Y CCr? S3S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex blandacharming woodland sedge,

woodland sedgeY S5 same freq rich woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex brevior

Carex brevior (clarify

taxonomy with C.molesta;

C.merrill-fernaldii)

fescue sedge Y CCr R S5 same? r woods and thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex bromoides Carex bromoides bromelike sedge Y CCu S5? same? infreq rich or moist woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial


p. 14 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Cyperaceae Carex brunnescens Carex brunnescens bromelike sedge Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex bushii Bush's sedge Y CCr S3 declined? only HuV, infreq rich meadowland Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex buxbaumii Buxbaum's sedge Y CCr S2 not seen r swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex canescens silvery sedge, hoary sedge Y CCu SNR declined? loc abund Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex cephalophora oval-leaved sedge Y S5 same? freq dry meadows and hillsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex communis fibrous-root sedge Y S5 same? freq dry rocky soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex comosa bristly sedge Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex conoidea openfield sedge Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq moist meadows Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex crawfordii Crawford's sedge Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex crinita fringed sedge Y S5 same c swampy places, streambeds Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex cristatella crested sedge Y CCg S5 same only Hu&HaV, freq wet meadows and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex cryptolepis northeastern sedge Y CCr S3 declined? occ? wet meadows, calc. marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex cumulata clustered sedge Y CCr S2S3 not seen r shaly banks and ledges Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex davisii Davis' sedge Y CCu S2 same? local? allivial forest in calc areas Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex debilis var. rudgei Carex debilis var. debilis white-edge sedge, weak sedge Y CCg S5 same only SE rocky woods on schistose and

quartz rockVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex deweyana Carex deweyana Dewey's sedge Y CCr S5 same r rich or moist woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex diandra lesser panicled sedge Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex digitalis slender woodland sedge Y S5 same? freq dry woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex disperma softleaf sedge Y CCu S5 same? loc abund wet sphagnous woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex eburnea bristleleaf sedge Y CCr S4 same? r limestone ledges Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex echinata little prickly sedge Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex festucacea fescue sedge Y CCr? S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex flava yellow sedge Y CCg S5 same only E, freq rich or calc meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex foenea Carex aena (in FCC) dryspike sedge Y CCr R S5 not seen r dry woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex formosa handsome sedge Y CCr S2 not seen r, one record calc. woods & thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex glaucodea blue sedge Y CCr S2S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex gracilescens slender sedge Y CCu S5 same only HuV, infreq? woods and moist thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex gracillima graceful sedge Y S5 same c moist and rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex granularis incl. Carex haleana limestone meadow sedge Y S5 same freq moist meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex grayi Gray's sedge Y CCg S? S5 same? only HuV, freq wet woods, alluvial soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex griseaused to be lumped with

Carex amphibola

eastern narrow-leaved sedge, gray

sedgeY CCg S5 same? only HuV, freq moist or dry thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex gynandra mountain fringed sedge Y CCu S5 not seen distr. not well known swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex hirsutellaCarex complanatum var.

hirsutahirsute sedge Y S5 same c dry woods & thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex hirta hammer sedge N SE not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex hirtifolia pubescent sedge Y S4 same freq wet meadows, floodplains Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex hitchcockiana Hitchcock's sedge Y CCr S3 not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex hystericina porcupine sedge Y CCu S5 same infreq swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex interior inland sedge Y CCu S5 local? swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex intumescens bladder sedge Y S5 same? c swampy woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex lacustris lake-bank sedge Y CCg S5 same? only Hu&HaV, freq open grassy marshes, calc Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex laevivaginata smooth-sheath sedge Y CCr S5 same r wet meadows and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

CyperaceaeCarex lasiocarpa ssp.

americanaCarex lasiocarpa American woollyfruit sedge Y CCr S5 same? local swampy places, sphagnum bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex laxiculmis Carex laxiculmis spreading sedge Y CCg S5 same? only E, freq dry woodlands Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex laxiflora broad looseflower sedge Y CCu S5 same c, widely distributed woods, rich soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex leptalea bristly-stalk sedge Y CCu S5 same? loc abund bogs, usually sphagnum Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 15 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Cyperaceae Carex leptonervia finely-nerved sedge Y CCg S5 same only E rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex limosa mud sedge Y CCr S5 declined? infreq sphagnum bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex lupulina hop sedge Y CCg S5 sameonly Hu&HaV,where

commonswampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex lurida shallow sedge Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex molesta troublesome sedge Y CCr S2S3 not seen r, one record swamp Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex muehlenbergii Carex muhlenbergii Muhlenberg's sedge Y CCr R? S4S5 declined? infreq dry soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex normalis greater straw sedge Y S5 same? freq? banks, open woods, thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex novae-angliae New England sedge Y CCr S4 not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex oligocarpa eastern few-fruit sedge Y CCr S4 not seen r dry rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex ormostachyaC. laxiflora var.

ormostachyanecklace spike sedge Y CCr? S4 increased? not in FCC

FNYA: sandy and coarse grained

soils, gravel pitsVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex pallescens pale sedge Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq meadows and dry banks Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex pedunculatapedunculate sedge, long-stalked

sedgeY CCg S5 same? only E, freq dry rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex pellita Carex languinosa woolly sedge Y CCg S5 same? only HuV, freq moist meadows and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Y CCg S5 same c E, less in HuV dry sandy & rocky places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex plantaginea plantain-leaved sedge Y CCr R S5 increased? r, one record rich rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex platyphylla broad-leaved sedge Y CCu S5 declined c dry wooded hills Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex prairea prairie sedge Y CCr R S5 same local? calc marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex prasina drooping sedge Y CCg S5 same? only E, freq moist places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex projecta necklace sedge Y CCr? S5 not seen r? Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex pseudocyperus Carex pseudo-cyperus cyperus-like sedge Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record lake marsh Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex radiata stellate sedge Y CCg S5 same? only E, freq moist woods and thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex retroflexa reflexed sedge Y CCr S2S3 decreased? only HuV, infreq Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex retrorsa retrorse sedge Y CCu O? S5 declined? only Hu&HaV, freq swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex rosea rosy sedge Y S5 same freq woods & thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex scabrata rough sedge Y CCg S5 same? only E, freq swampy woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex schweinitzii Schweinitz's sedge Y CCr S3 not seen local swamps or springy banks Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex scoparia broom sedge Y S5 same c meadows & thickets, moist soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex siccata dryspike sedge Y CCr S5 not seen r dry woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex sparganioides bur-reed sedge Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq woods & thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex spicata prickly sedge N SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex sprengeliiSprengel's sedge, long-beaked

sedgeY CCu R? S5 increased r, one record alluv woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex squarrosa squarrose sedge Y CCu S5 same only HuV & HaV, infreq wet meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex sterilis dioecious sedge Y CCu S? S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex stipata owlfruit sedge, stalk-grain sedge Y S5 same c wet meadows & swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex stricta tussock sedge Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex swanii swan sedge Y CCu S5 declined freq dry woods and thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex tenera quill sedge Y CCu S5 same c, widely distributed moist meadows & thickets Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex tetanica rigid sedge Y CCu R S4S5 same? local? calc marshes Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

CyperaceaeCarex tonsa var.

rugospermaumbel-like sedge Y ? S5 not seen dry sandy & rocky places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex tonsa var. tonsa shaved sedge Y CCu? S5 declined? c, throughout dry sandy & rocky places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex torta twisted sedge Y CCg S5 same only E, freq wet places, rocky streambeds Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex tribuloides blunt broom sedge Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq wet or muddy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex trichocarpa hairy-fruit sedge Y CCu O? S4 same infreq wet meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 16 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Cyperaceae Carex trisperma three-seeded sedge Y CCu S5 same local sphagnum bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex tuckermanii Tuckerman's sedge Y CCu S5 not seen infreqopen swampy places and wet

meadowsVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex typhina cat-tail sedge Y CCr S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex umbellataCarex tonsa (C.

rugosperma)hidden sedge Y CCu? O? S5 decreased? c, throughout dry sandy or rocky soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex utriculata beaked sedge Y CCu S5 declined freq, not NE swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex vesicaria inflated sedge Y CCu S5 same? infreq swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex virescens ribbed sedge Y CCu S5 same? infreq dry woods and thickets Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex viridula Carex viridula little green sedge, greenish sedge Y CCr S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex vulpinoidea fox sedge Y S5 same c wet meadows & swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex willdenowii Willdenow's sedge Y CCr S2S3 same r dry woods, acid soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Carex woodii pretty sedge Y CCr? S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Cladium mariscoides twig rush Y CCr S S5 not seen r bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Cyperus bipartitus Cyperus rivularisslender flatsedge, shining

flatsedgeY CCu S5 declined c, but not NE wet creek banks, calc. marshes Vascular Graminoid Annual

Cyperaceae Cyperus diandrus umbrella flatsedge Y CCu S5? same? infreq wet lakeshores Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Cyperaceae Cyperus erythrorhizos redroot flatsedge Y CCr S3 not seen r, one record dredged up sand of Nutten Hook Vascular Herbaceous Annual

CyperaceaeCyperus esculentus var.

leptostachyus

yellow nutsedge, nut-grass, chufa

flatsedgeN SE same freq moist open places, cult. Grds Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Cyperus houghtonii Houghton's umbrella-sedge Y CCr S3 not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Perennial

CyperaceaeCyperus lupulinus ssp.

macilentusCyperus filiculmis Great Plains flatsedge Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freq dry, shaly or sandy hillsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Cyperus odoratus fragrant flatsedge, rusty flatsedge Y CCr S3 declined? occ., loc abund sandy soil near tide water along HuR Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Cyperaceae Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz's flatsedge Y CCr S2S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Cyperus squarrosus Cyperus inflexus awned cyperus Y CCu S5 same only HuV, infreq moist grd along streams Vascular Graminoid Annual

Cyperaceae Cyperus strigosusfalse nutsedge, straw-colored

flatsedgeY CCg S5 increased? only HuV, freq moist soil, often along streams Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Dulichium arundinaceum Dulichium arundinaceum threeway sedge Y CCu S5 declined? freq swamps and along streams Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis acicularis needle spikerush Y S5 same freq muddy borders of ponds Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Cyperaceae Eleocharis aestuum tidal spikerush Y CCr S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis ellipticaincl. Eleocharis tenuis var.

borealisslender spike-rush Y S5 same? freq wet meadows, swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann spike-rush Y CCr S1 not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Annual

Cyperaceae Eleocharis erythropoda Eleocharis calva bald spikerush Y S5 same? freqwet meadows, stream banks,

borders of pondsVascular Graminoid Perennial

CyperaceaeEleocharis flavescens var.

olivaceaEleocharis olivacea yellow spikerush, green spikerush Y CCr R S5 not seen r, one record

marshes S of Knickerbocker Lake;

Hudsonia: floating peatmats in

circumneutral bog lakes

Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis intermedia matted spikerush Y CCu S4 same? loc abund calc. marshes Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis obtusa blunt spike-rush Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis ovata ovate spike-rush Y CCr S1S2 same?only HuV, exclusive to

tidal mudtidal mud Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Cyperaceae Eleocharis palustris incl. Eleocharis smallii creeping spike-rush, common

spike-rush, marsh spike-rushY CCu S5 same? infreq borders of lakes and ponds Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eriophorum gracile slender cotton-grass Y CCr S4 not seen r floating bog Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eriophorum vaginatum tussock cottongrass Y CCr R S5 not seen r sphagnum bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eriophorum virginicum tawny cotton-grass Y CCr S5 declined? locally abund sphagnum bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Eriophorum viridicarinatum green keeled cottongrass Y CCr S5 declined? freq swampy meadows, bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 17 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Cyperaceae Fimbristylis autumnalis slender fimbry Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record muddy shores of No-Bottom-Pond Vascular Graminoid Annual

Cyperaceae Rhynchospora alba white beakrush Y CCu S5 declinedd? loc abund wet meadows and sphagnum bogs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Rhynchospora capillacea horned beakrush Y CCr S4 not seen r calc meadows and marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Rhynchospora capitellata brownish beakrush Y CCr S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus acutus Scirpus acutus hard-stemmed bulrush Y CCu S5 same infreq swampy borders of lakes, ponds,

tidal marshesVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus americanus Scirpus americanusthree-square bulrush, Olney's three-

square bulrushY CCu S5 same locally dense growth tidal flats & marshes HuR Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus pungens

common three-square bulrush,

three-square bulrush, chair-

maker's rush

Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus purshianusweak-stalk bulrush, weak-stalk club-

rushY CCr S3? not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus smithii Scirpus smithii Smith's bulrush Y CCu S4 same? locally abundtidal mud of HuR, Knickerbocker

LakeVascular Graminoid Annual

CyperaceaeSchoenoplectus

subterminalisScirpus subterminalis water bulrush Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

CyperaceaeSchoenoplectus

tabernaemontaniScirpus validus soft-stem bulrush, great bulrush Y CCu S5 declined freq swamps, bogs, along streams Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus torreyi Scirpus torreyiTorrey's bulrush, Torrey's three-

square bulrushY CCr S2? not seen r, one record swampy border of pond Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus atrocinctus black-girdle woolgrass Y CCu S5 same? infreqswamps and marshy borders of

pondsVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus atrovirens prob.incl. S.hattorianus darkgreen bulrush Y S5 same c wet meadows and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus cyperinus common woolgrass Y S5 same cswamps and borders of ponds and

streamsVascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus georgianusScirpus atrovirens var.

georgianusGeorgia bulrush Y CCr S1 not seen r, one record border of No-Bottom-Pond Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus hattorianuswas prob. included in

Scirpus atrovirensmosquito bulrush Y S5

taxonomic

changenot in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus microcarpus small-fruit bulrush Y CCu S5 not seen infreq moist meadows, more abund N Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus pedicellatus stalked woolgrass Y CCr S5 not seen r wet meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus pendulus Scirpus lineatus pendulous bulrush Y CCu S5 increased? loc very abund calc marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Scirpus polyphyllus leafy bulrush Y CCu R?S? S5 not seen infreq moist meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Trichophorum alpinum Scirpus hudsonianus alpine cotton-grass Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record floating bog Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Cyperaceae Trichophorum planifolium Scirpus verecundus bashful bulrush Y CCu S5 same infreq. but widely distr. dry woody hillsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Dennstaedtiaceae Dennstaedtia punctilobula eastern hay-scented fern Y S5 increased! freq E, local in HuV woods and swamps Vascular-FernFern Perennial

DennstaedtiaceaePteridium aquilinum var.

latiusculumPteridium latiusculum eastern bracken, bracken fern Y S5 same c poor and sandy soils Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dipsacaceae Dipsacus laciniatus Dipsacus sylvestris teasel, cut-leaf teasel N-I SE increased occ fields and pastures Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Droseraceae Drosera intermedia spoon-leaved sundew Y CCr R S4 declined loc abund sphagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Droseraceae Drosera rotundifolia Dorsera rotundifolia roundleaf sundew Y CCu S S4 same loc abund sphagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris carthusiana Dryopteris spinulosaspinulose wood fern, spinulose

shield fern, toothed wood fernY CCg S5 same? only E, freq moist, swampy woodlands Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris clintoniana Clinton's wood fern Y CCu S5 same? infreq wooded swamps Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris cristata crested shield-fern Y CCu S5 declined? freq, esp. E wooded swamps Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris filix-mas male fern N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's wood fern Y CCr S4 same? r rich moist woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris intermediaDryopteris spinulosa var.

intermediaevergreen woodfern Y CCg S5 same only E, freq woods, swamps, cool ravines Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris marginalis marginal wood fern Y S5 same c woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris x boottii Boott's wood fern Y CCu S3S5 same? loc abund Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris x triploidea wood fern Y CCr S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial


p. 18 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Dryopteridaceae Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern Y S5 same c woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive, silver-berry, oleaster N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnus umbellata autumn olive N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Elatinaceae Elatine americana

Elatine triandra var

americana (T. americana

PLANTS)

American water-wort Y CCr S1 not seen local tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Elatinaceae Elatine minima small water-wort Y CCr S4 not seen infreqshallow water, sandy bottoms of

lakes and pondsVascular Forb/herb Annual

Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense field horsetail, common horsetail Y S5 same c sterile and sandy soil Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Equisetaceae Equisetum fluviatile water horsetail, river horsetail Y CCu S5 same loc abund tidal flats of HuR and open swamps Vascular-FernFern Perennial

EquisetaceaeEquisetum hyemale ssp.

affineEquisetum hyemale scouring rush Y CCu S5 declined? freq woods, open fields, wet or dry Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Equisetaceae Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring-rush Y CCx SX not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Equisetaceae Equisetum scirpoides dwarf scouring rush Y ?CC S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Equisetaceae Equisetum sylvaticum woodland horsetail Y CCu S S5 same infreq moist, sandy woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Equisetaceae Equisetum variegatum variegated horsetail Y CCr S4 increasing not in FCCdisturbed seepage areas, gravel pits

(FNYA)Vascular-FernFern Perennial

EricaceaeAndromeda polifolia var.

glaucophyllaAndromeda glaucophylla bog rosemary Y CCr R S5 same r, loc abund acid bogs Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry Y CCu R? S5 same loc abundbare rocky summits, quartzitic or

schistose rocks >450mVascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Chamaedaphne calyculata leatherleaf Y CCr S5 declined? loc abund acid bogs and border of ponds Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Chimaphila maculata spotted wintergreen Y CCr S4 same r dry woods, acid soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

EricaceaeChimaphila umbellata ssp.

cisatlanticaChimaphilla umbellata

pipsissewa, common wintergreen

(very uncommon!)Y CCr S S5 declined only E, freq dry woods, acid soil Vascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Epigaea repens trailing arbutus Y CCu S S4 declined? c E, r in HuV dry acid soil in woods VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry Y CCr R S5 declined? only N, loc abund sphagnous woods VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen, teaberry Y CCg S5 same only E, where common dry woods, acid soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Gaylussacia baccata huckleberry, black huckleberry Y CCg S5 same only E, where common dry woods and upland fields or bogs Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Kalmia angustifolia sheep-laurel Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq acid bogs and swampy woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Kalmia latifolia mountain laurel Y CCg S5 same only E, where commonwoods, upland pastures, hillsides,

acid soilVascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Kalmia polifolia pale laurel Y CCr R S4 not seen r acid bogs Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Leucothoe fontanesiana highland dog-hobble N SE not seenr only in notebook, not in

FCCVascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Lyonia ligustrina maleberry Y CCu S5 same only E, freq bogs, wet woods, rocky uplands Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Moneses uniflora one-flower wintergreen Y CCr S4 not seen r dry woods, acid soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ericaceae Monotropa hypopithys American pinesap Y CCr S4 same r rich woods in leaf mold Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ericaceae Monotropa uniflora Indian-pipe Y S5 same c woods with leaf mold Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ericaceae Orthilia secunda Pyrola secunda one-side wintergreen Y CCr S5 not seen r dry woods, acid soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Pterospora andromedea giant pinedrops Y CCh S1 not seen r, historical records onlyreported by Stebbins from Hudson

(1830)Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ericaceae Pyrola americana Pyrola rotundifolia American wintergreen Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq dry woods in acid soils VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Pyrola chlorantha Pyrola virens greenish-flowered wintergreen Y CCr S5 not seen r dry woods, acid soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial


p. 19 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Ericaceae Pyrola elliptica shinleaf Y CCu S5 declined c E, infreq HuV dry woods, acid soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

EricaceaeRhododendron

groenlandicumLedum groenlandicum labrador tea, bog labrador tea Y CCr R? S4S5 not seen r sphagnous woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

EricaceaeRhododendron

periclymenoides

in FCC incl.

Rhododendron roseum

and R. prinophyllum

pinxster, pink azalea (common

one, lvs not very hairy below)Y CCu S

2 S5 declined c woods and rocky uplands Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Rhododendron prinophyllum

early azalea, rosebud azalea (less

common, glandular hairs on ovary

and pedicel, leaf blades

permanently soft pub. Below)

Y CCu R? S5 declined

not distinguished from

Rh. Periclymenoides in

FCC

seen only in high Taconics, so far for

sure (FEP)Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Rhododendron viscosum swamp azalea Y CCu S5 same loc abund acid bogs Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium angustifolium

early lowbush blueberry, low sweet

blueberry, late sweet blueberry,

sweet-hurts

Y S5 same c dry woods, banks, rocky uplands Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium corymbosumhighbush blueberry, swamp

blueberry, whortleberryY CCg S5 same c E, infreq HuV swamps, less often in upland woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium macrocarpon large cranberry Y CCu S S5 declined? infreqacid bogs or boggy depressions in

rocky uplandsVascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium myrtilloidesvelvetleaf huckleberry, sour-top

blueberryY CCr S5 not seen r dry rocky woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry Y CCr R? S5 same loc abund acid bogs VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium pallidum Vaccinium vacillanslate lowbush blueberry, early

lowbush blueberryY S5 same c dry sandy or rocky woods, acid Vascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Ericaceae Vaccinium stamineum deerberry, squawberry Y CCg S5 same freq, esp in Hu&HaV dry woods, sandy or shaly soil Vascular Shrub Perennial

Eriocaulaceae Eriocaulon aquaticum Eriocaulon septangulare seven-angle pipewort Y CCu S S5 declined? freq

shallow water, margins of ponds,

sometimes immersed, on muddy

shores, or in sphagnum bogs

Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Eriocaulaceae Eriocaulon parkeri Parker's pipewort Y CCx SX not seenonly HuV, tidal mud

along HuR

tidal mud along HR, otherwise

unknown.Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha rhomboideathree-seeded mercury, copperleaf,

common copperleaf (common)Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq

dry fields and wast places, rather

weedyVascular Herbaceous Annual

Euphorbiaceae Acalypha virginica three-seeded mercury (rare!) Y CCr S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce maculataEuphorbia maculata, incl.

E. supinaspotted spurge Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freq

dry sandy or gravelly soil, railroads,

roadsides, wast places, weedyVascular Herbaceous Annual

Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce nutans Euphorbia maculata eyebane Y CCu S5 same? poorly knowndry sandy or gravelly soil, railroads,

roadsides, wast places, weedyVascular Herbaceous Annual

Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce vermiculata worm seeded spurge Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freqdry sandy or gravelly soil, railroads,

roadsides, wast places, weedyVascular Forb/herb Annual

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia corollata flowering spurge Y CCr S5 not seen r dry fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia cyparissias cypress spurge N-I SE same occweedy in patches near old houses

and cemeteriesVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia dentata toothed spurge N SE not seen r, one location along railroad in Hudson Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia esula Euphorbia virgata leafy spurge N-I SE not seen r, one location dry fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia marginata snow-on-the-mountain N SE same? r, rare escapealong Kinderhook Creek, E of

KinderhookVascular Forb/herb Annual

Fabaceae Amorpha fruticosa false indigobush N? SE4 increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Fabaceae Amphicarpaea bracteata hogpeanut, American hogpeanut Y S5 same cwoods, most common in rich or

swampy soilsVascular Vine Perennial

Fabaceae Apios americana groundnut, American groundnut Y CCu S5 declined freq swamps and margins of streams VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Fabaceae Baptisia tinctoria wild-indigo, yellow wild-indigo Y CCr S4 declined c dry woods and fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 20 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Fabaceae Chamaecrista fasciculata prairie senna Y CCr S3S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Fabaceae Chamaecrista nictitans Chamaecrista nictitans partridge pea, wild sensitive plant Y CCr S4S5 not seen r dry shaly hillsides Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Fabaceae Coronilla varia crown-vetch, common crown-vetch N-I SE increased infreq roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Crotalaria sagittalis arrowhead rattlebox Y CCr S1 not seen r sandy or waste ground, weedy Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Fabaceae Desmodium canadense showy tick-trefoil Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common streams and roads Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Desmodium cuspidatum toothed tick-trefoil Y CCr S5 not seen r dry woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Desmodium glutinosum large tick-trefoil Y CCu S5 declined? c dry or moist woods, clay or sand Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Desmodium nudiflorum bare-stemmed tick-trefoil Y CCu S5 declined? c dry or moist woods, clay or sand Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Desmodium paniculatum narrow-leaf tick-trefoil Y CCu S5 declined? c, throughout dry open places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Desmodium perplexum perplexed tick-trefoil Y CCr S5 not seen r dry rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Desmodium rotundifolium prostrate tick-trefoil Y CCu S4 same only S, infreq dry, rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Gleditsia triacanthos honey-locust N SE same? occ escaped in woods and fields Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Fabaceae Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky coffeetree Y CCr S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Fabaceae Kummerowia stipulacea Korean clover N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Fabaceae Lathyrus palustris vetchling peavine Y CCu R S4 same? loc abund tidal swamps HuR VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Fabaceae Lathyrus sylvestris flat peavine N SE increased? not in FCC VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza bicolor shrubby lespedeza N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza capitata round-head bush-clover Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where commondry fields and hillsides, on sand or

shaleVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza frutescens violet bush-clover Y CCr S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

Fabaceae Lespedeza hirta hairy bush-clover Y CCr S5 not seen r dry sandy or rocky hills Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza procumbens trailing bush-clover Y CCr S4 not seen r dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza violacea Lespedeza intermedia wand bush-clover Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common dry woods and fields, shale Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza virginica slender bush-clover Y CCr S3? not seen r dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lespedeza x nuttallii Lespedeza nuttallii Nuttall's bushclover (a hybrid) Y CCr S4 not seen r dry rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lotus corniculatus bird's-foot trefoil N SE increased!only Hu&HaV, where

commonpastures and roadsides, spreading Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Lupinus perennis Lupinus perennis lupine, sundial lupine Y CCr R S3 not seen r dry sandy or shaly soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Medicago lupulina black medick N SE increased local cultivated and waste grounds, weed Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Fabaceae Medicago sativa alfalfa N SE same c escaped from cultivation Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Fabaceae Melilotus albus white sweetclover N SE same croadsides and waste grounds,

weedyVascular Forb/herb Biennial

Fabaceae Melilotus officinalis yellow sweetclover N SE same croadsides and waste grounds,

weedyVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Fabaceae Robinia hispidabristly locust, mossy locust, rose-

acaciaN SE

seen once

in cultnot in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Fabaceae Robinia pseudoacacia black locust, false acacia N-I SE same loc very abund woods and thickets Vascular Tree Perennial

Fabaceae Robinia viscosa clammy locust N SE same occ roadsides and old dooryards Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Fabaceae Senna hebecarpa wild senna Y CCu S4 same? loc abund swamps near tidewater Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Strophostyles helvula trailing fuzzybean, wild bean Y CCu S5 same? loc abund wastelands along HuR Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Fabaceae Thermopsis villosa Aaron's rod N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Trifolium arvense rabbit-foot clover N SE decreased c dry fields and waste places Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Fabaceae Trifolium aureum Trifolium agrariumhop-clover, golden clover, yellow

cloverN SE same freq fields and roadsides Vascular Herbaceous Biennial


p. 21 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Fabaceae Trifolium campestrelow hop-clover, field clover, cow-

clover, shamrockN SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Fabaceae Trifolium dubium least hop-clover N SE increased not in FCC (roadsides and dist. Soils FNYA) Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Fabaceae Trifolium hybridum alsike clover N SE same freq fields, meadows, and cult grds Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Fabaceae Trifolium pratense red clover N SE increased freq fields and meadows Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Fabaceae Trifolium repens white clover N SE same c lawns, cult. And wast grounds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fabaceae Vicia cracca bird vetch, cow vetch N SE increased not in FCC VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Fabaceae Vicia tetrasperma slender vetch, lentil vetch N SE increased occ meadows and fields VascularVine,

Forb/herbAnnual

Fabaceae Vicia villosa var. varia winter vetch N SE not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Fabaceae Vicia villosa var. villosa winter vetch N SE same? infreqfields and roadsides, escape from

cultivationVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Fagaceae Castanea dentata chestnut, American chestnut Y CCr (as fertile, mature trees) S4 declined c, throughout woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Fagus grandifolia beech, American beech Y S5 same c rich or moist woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus alba white oak, eastern white oak Y S5 same c woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus bicolor swamp white oak Y CCu S5 declined freq swamps and wet woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus coccinea scarlet oak Y CCu S5 same infreq dry woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus ilicifolia scrub oak, bear oak Y CCg S5 same only SE, where commondry hillsides and thickets in rocky or

sandy soilVascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus macrocarpa burr oak, mossy-cup oak Y CCr R S4 same r borders of moist woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus montana Quercus prinuschestnut oak, mountain chestnut

oak, rock chestnut oakY S5 same c dry, rocky woods, not in calc. areas Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus palustris pin oak Y CCu S4 increased not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus prinoidesscrub chestnut oak, dwarf

chinquapin oakY CCu R? S5 same? infreq bare shaly hillsides Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus rubra Quercus borealis red oak, northern red oak Y S5 same c woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fagaceae Quercus velutina black oak Y CCu S5 same loc abund dry woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Fumariaceae Adlumia fungosaclimbing fumitory, Allegheny vine,

mountain fringeY CCr R S4 same r woods soils underlain by acid rock Vascular

Vine,

Forb/herbBiennial

Fumariaceae Corydalis sempervirenspale corydalis, pink corydalis, rock

harlequin, harlequin-flowerY CCu S4 decreased loc abund

rocky banks and exposed rocky

hilltops, in acid soilsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Fumariaceae Dicentra canadensis squirrel-corn, turkey-corn Y CCr S5 same r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Fumariaceae Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's breeches Y CCu S? S5 same infreq locally abund. rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Gentianaceae Bartonia virginicabartonia, yellow screwstem,

bartoniaY CCu S4 same loc abund bogs, usually sphagnum Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Gentianaceae Centaurium pulchellumcentaury-plant, branching centaury-

plantN SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Gentianaceae Gentiana andrewsii fringe-top bottle gentian Y CCr S S4 declined? loc abundmoist soil in thickets and pastures

along streamsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Gentianaceae Gentiana clausa closed gentian Y CCr R S4 declined? freq E, r HuVborders of ponds and streams, in

woods, in sandy or clay soilVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Gentianaceae Gentiana linearis narrow-leaved gentian Y ?CC R S3S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Gentianaceae Gentianella quinquefolia Gentiana quinquefolia stiff gentian, agueweed, gall-of-the-

earthY CCr R S4 declined only E, freq Rocky upland woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Gentianaceae Gentianopsis crinita greater fringed gentian Y CCr S S4 declined loc abundwet, springy hillsides and meadows

usually in calcareous soilVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Geraniaceae Geranium bicknelliiBicknell's cranesbill, Bicknell's

geraniumY CCr S4 not seen r, one record

rocky bluff S of Canaan, otherwise

unknownVascular Herbaceous Biennial

Geraniaceae Geranium maculatum wild geranium, wild crane's-bill Y S5 same copen swampy grounds and moist

woodsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Geraniaceae Geranium robertianum herb-Robert, Robert's geranium Y CCu S5 same loc abundmoist rocks and rocky woods, in rich

or calc. soilVascular Herbaceous Biennial


p. 22 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Grossulariaceae Ribes americanum wild black currant Y CCu S5 declined only HuV, freq swampy woods and thickets Vascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes cynosbati prickly gooseberry Y CCg S5 same? only HuV, freqrocky woods and banks, shale of

HuVVascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes hirtellum smooth gooseberry Y CCu S S5 same only HaV, local calc marshes Vascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes lacustre bristly black currant Y CCr S4 not seen r cool rocky woods, gorges Vascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes nigrum European black currant N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes rotundifolium Appalachian gooseberry Y CCu R? S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes rubrum Ribes sativum northern red currant N SE same occ escaped from cultivation Vascular Shrub Perennial

Grossulariaceae Ribes triste swamp red currant Y CCr S5 increased? not in FCC cool swamps, mostly northern Vascular Shrub Perennial

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum sibiricum Myriophyllum exalbescens northern water-milfoil Y CCu S5 same? loc abund lakes and slow streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian water-milfoil N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

HaloragaceaeProserpinaca palustris var.

crebraProserpinaca palustris

mermaidweed, marsh

mermaidweedY CCu S4 same infreq open swamps and borders of ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Hamamelidaceae Hamamelis virginiana witch-hazel, American witch-hazel Y S5 same c woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Hamamelidaceae Liquidambar styraciflua sweet gum Y CCu R2 S5 same occ Vascular Tree Perennial

Hippocastanaceae Aesculus hippocastanum horse chestnut N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Hydrangeaceae Deutzia scabra fuzzy deutzia N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Shrub Perennial

Hydrocharitaceae Elodea canadensiscommon waterweed, broad

waterweedY S5 same c lakes and streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Hydrocharitaceae Elodea nuttallii Nuttall's waterweed Y CCu S5 same? loc abund? shallow water, tidal flats Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Hydrocharitaceae Vallisneria americana eel-grass Y CCu S5 same loc abundmost common in HuR, but occurs in

lakes and streamsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllum canadense blunt-leaved waterleaf Y CCr S5 same r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllum virginianum Virginia waterleaf, John's cabbage Y CCu S5 same infreq rich moist woods, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Iridaceae Iris pseudacorusyellow iris, pale-yellow iris, yellow

flag, yellow water irisN-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Iridaceae Iris versicolor blueflag Y S5 same c wet places, marshes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Iridaceae Sisyrinchium angustifolium narrowleaf blue-eyed grass Y CCu S5 same freqmeadows and open fields or part.

Shade, moist or dry soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Iridaceae Sisyrinchium atlanticum eastern blue-eyed grass Y CCu S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Iridaceae Sisyrinchium montanum strict blue-eyed-grass Y CCu S5 same freqmeadows and open fields, in moist

or dry soilVascular Forb/herb Perennial

IsoetaceaeIsoetes echinospora ssp.

muricataIsoetes echinospora spiny-spore quillwort Y CCu S4 declined? freq margins of lakes, shallow water Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Isoetaceae Isoetes engelmanniiAppalachian quillwort,

Engelmann's quillwortY CCu S5 same? infreq

shallow water and muddy lake

bottomsVascular-FernFern Perennial

Isoetaceae Isoetes lacustris lake quillwort Y CCr S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Isoetaceae Isoetes riparia Isoetes riparia shore quillwort Y CCr S1 declined loc abund mudflats in tidewater of HuR Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Juglandaceae Carya alba Carya tomentosa mockernut hickory Y CCg S5 same? only HuV, freq rich or moist woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Juglandaceae Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where common along streams and in wet woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Juglandaceae Carya glabra pignut hickory, sweet pignut Y S5 same c woods and fence rows Vascular Tree Perennial

Juglandaceae Carya ovalis red hickory Y CCu R? S5 same? infreq Vascular Tree Perennial

Juglandaceae Carya ovata shagbark hickory, shellbark hickory Y S5 same freq wood Vascular Tree Perennial

Juglandaceae Juglans cinerea butternut, white walnut Y CCu S4 declined? c woods, esp. moist places Vascular Tree Perennial

Juglandaceae Juglans nigra black walnut Y CCu S5 increased? r woods and along streams Vascular Tree Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus acuminatus sharp-fruit rush Y CCu S5 same? loc abund tidal flats and marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus articulatus jointed rush Y CCu S5 same? local? wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus brachycephalus small-head rush Y CCu S5 declined? loc abund calc marshes and river shores Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus brevicaudatus narrow-panicled rush Y CCu S5 declined? freq, rather Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 23 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Juncaceae Juncus bufonius toad rush Y CCu R? S5 same? infreq moist places, roadsides, Vascular Graminoid Annual

Juncaceae Juncus canadensis Canada rush Y CCu S5 declined? freq swamps and wet meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus dichotomus forked rush Y CCr S3? increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus dudleyi Dudley's rush Y CCu S5 same freq damp places in neutral or calc. soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus effusus common rush (incl. both varieties) Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus gerardii black-grass rush Y CCr S5 same r, one record halphytic, on rocks in streambed Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus greenei Greene's rush Y CCr S5 same? r, one record rocky summits Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus marginatusJuncus marginatus var.

marginatusgrass-leaved rush Y CCu S5 declined? freq, rather moist meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus nodosus knotted rush Y CCu S5 declined? loc abund wet meadows and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus secundus secund rush Y CCu S4 declined? freq rocky or dry soil, weedy Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus tenuis path rush, slender rush Y S5 same cmoist or dry places, meadows and

waste groundVascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Juncus torreyi Torrey's rush Y CCr R S4S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Juncaceae Luzula acuminataLuzula acuminata (L.

carolinae)hairy woodrush Y CCu S5 declined? only >300m, loc abund dry woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Juncaceae Luzula multiflora common woodrush Y S5 same c dry woods and open places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Lamiaceae Agastache scrophulariifolia purple giant hyssop Y CCr R S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Lamiaceae Ajuga reptans bugleweed, common bugle N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Clinopodium vulgare Satureja vulgaris field basil N SE decreased freq dry fields and margins of woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Collinsonia canadensis horse-balm, Canada horse-balm Y CCu S5 declined? c moist rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Galeopsis bifidaGaleopsis tetrahit var.

bifidabifid-lip hempnettle N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lamiaceae Galeopsis tetrahit hempnettle, brittlestem hempnettle N SE same occ fields and roadsides, weed Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lamiaceae Glechoma hederacea Nepeta hederacea ground ivy, gill-over-the-ground N SE increased c moist shady places, near dwellings Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Hedeoma hispida rough false pennyroyal Y CCr S2S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lamiaceae Hedeoma pulegioides American pennyroyal Y Ccu S5 declined? c throughout dry woods and clearings Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lamiaceae Leonurus cardiaca mother-wort, common mother-wort N SE same c waste places and woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Lycopus americanuswater horehound, American

bugleweedY S5 same c moist of wet soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Lycopus uniflorus northern bugleweed Y CCu S5 same freq moist or wet soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Lycopus virginicusVirginia water horehound, Virginia

bugleweedY CCu S4 same? infreq wet places along streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Mentha arvensisMentha arvensis ssp.

haplocalyxwild mint N SE same c wet meadows, banks of streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Mentha canadensis Canadian mint Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Mentha spicata spearmint N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Mentha x gracilis gingermint N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Mentha x piperita Mentha piperita peppermint N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Mentha x rotundifolia Mentha cf. x rotundifolia peppermint N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Monarda fistulosa wild bergamot Y CCu S5 declined only E, where common VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Lamiaceae Nepeta cataria catnip N SE decreased cwaste places and woods, near

dwellingsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Lamiaceae Origanum vulgare wild marjoram N SE same only HuV, where local roadsides and fields, calc. regions Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Physostegia virginiana obedience plant, false dragon-head Y CCr S5 same r moist banks near streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 24 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Lamiaceae Prunella vulgaris heal-all Y/N S5 same? c Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Pycnanthemum incanum hoary mountain-mint Y CCu S5 same? infreq dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Pycnanthemum tenuifolium slender mountain-mint Y CCu S5 declined freq, but not NE fields and meadows, dry soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia mountain-mint Y CCu S4 samefreq, but not as common

as P. tenuifoliummeadows and dry banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Scutellaria galericulata Scutellaria epilobiifolia hooded skullcap Y CCu S5 declined? c low places, swamps, moist cliffs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Scutellaria lateriflora mad-dog skullcap Y S5 same c swamps and wet woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Stachys palustrisStachys palustris var.

homotrichamarsh hedge-nettle N SE increased? r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Stachys tenuifolia smooth hedge-nettle Y CCu S4 same? loc abund edges of tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Teucrium canadense Teucrium canadense germander, Canada germander Y CCu S5 same? loc abund tidal mud along HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lamiaceae Thymus pulegioides Thymus serpyllum thyme, lemon thyme N SE increased locally abund

on shales and limestones in New

Lebanon and Canaan, unknown

elsewhere

VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Lamiaceae Trichostema brachiatum Isanthus brachiatus false pennyroyal Y CCr S3 not seen r dry, sandy or gravelly soil Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lamiaceae Trichostema dichotomum forked bluecurls Y CCu S5 declined only HuV,where common dry sandy and gravelly soil Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lauraceae Lindera benzoin

spicebush, benzoin-bush,

Benjamin-bush, fever-bush, wild

allspice

Y S5 same c moist or swampy woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Lauraceae Sassafras albidum sassafras, ague tree Y CCg S5 sameonly Hu&HaV,where

commondry woods and fields Vascular Tree Perennial

Lemnaceae Lemna minor lesser duckweed Y S5 same c floating on quiet water Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lemnaceae Lemna trisulca star duckweed Y CCu S S5 same? local ponds and quiet streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lemnaceae Spirodela polyrrhiza common water-flaxseed Y S5 same freq floating on ponds and quiet streams Vascular Forb/herb Annual?

Lemnaceae Wolffia brasiliensis Brazilian watermeal Y CCr? S4end increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lemnaceae Wolffia columbiana columbian watermeal Y CCr S5 not seen r, very local quiet water in small ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lentibulariaceae Utricularia cornuta horned bladderwort Y CCr R? S5 not seen r acid bogs Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Lentibulariaceae Utricularia geminiscapamixed bladderwort, hiddenfruit

bladderwortY CCr? S3 increased? not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Lentibulariaceae Utricularia gibba humped bladderwort Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Lentibulariaceae Utricularia intermedia flatleaf bladderwort Y CCu S4 same? loc abund muddy borders of ponds Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lentibulariaceae Utricularia macrorhizaUtricularia vulgaris var.

americanagreater bladderwort Y CCu R? S4 same c lakes and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Lentibulariaceae Utricularia minor lesser bladderwort Y CCr S3 not seen r, one record calc. bog Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Allium canadense Allium canadense wild onion, wild garlic Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freqalluv soil along large streams and

wet woodsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Allium sativum cultivated garlic N SE not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Allium tricoccum Allium tricoccum wild leek, small white leek, ramp Y CCu S5 declined? freqmoist rich woods, alluv soil and calc

regionsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Allium vineale field garlic, wild garlic N-I? SE increased loc very abund fields, pastsures and woodlands Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Asparagus officinalisgarden asparagus, common

asparagusN SE same infreq fence rows, orchards, escaped Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Chamaelirium luteumblazing-star, fairy-wand, devil's-bit,

rattlesnake-rootY CCr S1S2 not seen

r, not seen in recent

yearsmoist woods and bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Clintonia borealisblue bead-lily, yellow clintonia, corn-

lily, Clinton lilyY CCu S5 declined only E, where common cold moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Convallaria majalis European lily-of-the-valley N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Erythronium americanum trout-lily, yellow trout-lily Y S5 same cmeadows, floodplains, and moist


Liliaceae Hemerocallis fulva orange daylily, tawny daylily N SE same calong streams, in meadows, by

roadsidesVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Hypoxis hirsuta eastern yellow stargrass Y CCu S S5 declined? freq sandy or rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 25 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Liliaceae Lilium canadense Lilium canadense Canada lily, yellow Canada lily Y CCu S S5 declined c, esp. in HuV meadows and wet woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Lilium philadelphicum wood lily Y CCr S4 declined? only E, where common dry woods and fields, rocky summits Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Maianthemum canadense

Canada May-flower, Canadian May-

lily, wild lily-of-the-valley, false lily-

of-the-valley, two-leaved

Solomon's-seal

Y CCg S5 same c, esp. in higher elev. woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Maianthemum racemosum Smilacina racemosafalse Solomon's-seal, false

spikenard, Solomon's-plumeY S5 same c woods and shaded banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Maianthemum stellatum Smilacina stellata

starry Solomon's-seal, little false

Solomon's-seal, starflower

Solomon's-seal, starflower

Solomon's-plume

Y CCr S5 same r, HuV onlyvariety of habs: swampy woods, dry

limestone rocks, springy meadowVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber-root Y CCu S5 declined c moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Ornithogalum umbellatum

star-of-Bethlehem, common star-of-

Bethlehem, nap-at-noon, sleepy

dick

N SE increased locally established lawns, meadows, and waste places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Polygonatum biflorumPolygonatum

canaliculatumgiant Solomon's seal Y CCr S S5 declined only HuV, freq moist thickets, in alluv. Soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Polygonatum pubescensdowny Solomon's-seal, hairy

Solomon's sealY S5 same c woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Streptopus amplexifoliusStreptopus amplexifolius

var americanus

white twisted-stalk, white

mandarin, liverberryY CCr S4 not seen r, one record Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Streptopus lanceolatusStreptopus roseus var

perspectusrosy twisted-stalk, rose mandarin Y CCr S5 declined? only E >300m, freq rocky woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Trillium cernuum nodding trillium Y CCr S3? declined? loc abund moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Trillium erectum

red trillium, wake robin, stinking

Benjamin, stinking Willie, birthwort,

ill-scent trillium

Y CCu S5 declined c moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Trillium undulatum painted trillium, painted lady Y CCu S5 declined? only E >300m, freq moist or sandy woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Uvularia grandiflora large-flowered bellwort Y CCu S? S5 declined? only HuV, freq moist woods and clay ravines Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Uvularia perfoliata perfoliate bellwort Y CCu S5 declined? c woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Liliaceae Uvularia sessilifoliasessile-leaved bellwort, wild-oats,

straw-lilyY S5 same c woods and thickets Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Liliaceae Veratrum viride American false-hellebore Y CCg S5 same only E, freq wet woods, along streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Limnanthaceae Floerkea proserpinacoides false mermaid-weed Y CCu R S5 same only HuV, infreq alluv soil Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Linaceae Linum sulcatum grooved yellow flax Y CCr S2 not seen r, two locations dry sandy or stony soil Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Linaceae Linum usitatissimum common flax N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Linaceae Linum virginianum Virginia flax Y CCu R? S5 not seen infreq dry woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

LycopodiaceaeDendrolycopodium

dendroideumtreelike clubmoss Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Lycopodiaceae Dendrolycopodium hickeyi Pennsylvania clubmoss Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

LycopodiaceaeDendrolycopodium

obscurumLycopodium obscurum

ground pine, eastern tree

clubmossY CCg S5 same only E (mostly) dry and mesic woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum digitatum Lycopodium complanatum fan club-moss Y CCg S5 same only E (mostly)dry woods and open fields, esp.

acidic soilVascular-FernFern Perennial

Lycopodiaceae Diphasiastrum tristachyum Lycopodium tristachyumblue ground-cedar, deep-root

clubmossY CCu S5 same? local dry sandy soils Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Lycopodiaceae Huperzia lucidula Lycopodium lucidulumshining clubmoss, shining fir

clubmoss, shining firmossY CCg S5 same only E, freq moist cool woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium clavatumrunning pine, running cedar,

staghorn clubmossY CCg S5 same only E (mostly) dry woods and banks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium lagopus

one-cone ground-pine, running

pine, running cedar, staghorn

clubmoss

Y CCu S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial


p. 26 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Lycopodiaceae Spinulum annotinum Lycopodium annotinum

bristly clubmoss, common bristly

clubmoss, common stiff clubmoss,

common interrupted clubmoss

Y CCu S5 same infreq moist, shady woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Lythraceae Cuphea viscosissima blue waxweed Y CCu R? S4 same? only HuV, occ fields and meadows Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Lythraceae Decodon verticillatus hairy swamp loosestrife Y CCu S5 same? loc abundfloating sphagnum bogs and

margins of lakesVascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Lythraceae Lythrum alatum winged loosestrife, winged lythrum Y CCr R S5 increased? not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Lythraceae Lythrum salicariapurple loosestrife, spiked

loosestrifeN-I SE increased loc abund marshes of HuR Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Magnoliaceae Liriodendron tulipifera tulip tree, tulip poplar, yellow poplar Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where common rich woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Magnoliaceae Magnolia acuminatacucumber tree, mountain

magnolia, cucumber magnoliaY CCr R? S5 not seen r swamp Vascular Tree Perennial

Malvaceae Abutilon theophrasti velvet-leaf N SE increased locally abund weed in cult grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Malvaceae Hibiscus moscheutos swamp rosemallow Y CCr S? S4 not seen r, one record tidal marshes Vascular Shrub Perennial

Malvaceae Hibiscus trionum flower-of-an-hour N SE declinde locally abund weed in gardens and cult grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Malvaceae Malva moschata musk cheeseweed N SE increased occ fields and roadsides, adventive Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Malvaceae Malva neglectacommon mallow, dwarf mallow,

cheesesN SE same c waste and cultiv. Grounds Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Menispermaceae Menispermum canadense Canada moonseed Y CCu S S5 declined only HuV, freq woods & thickets, dry or moist VascularVine,

SubshrubPerennial

Menyanthaceae Menyanthes trifoliata buckbean, bog buckbean Y CCr R S4 not seen loc abund bogs and swamps, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Menyanthaceae Nymphoides peltata yellow floating-heart N-I SE not seen r, one record HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Molluginaceae Mollugo verticillatagreen carpet-weed, carpet-weed,

Indian chickweedN SE same? freq cult grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Moraceae Maclura pomifera osage-orange, hedge-apple N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Moraceae Morus albawhite mulberry, Russian mulberry,

silkworm mulberryN SE increased not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Moraceae Morus rubra red mulberry Y CCu R?S? S5 same? only HuV, infreq rich or moist wooded hillsides Vascular Tree Perennial

Myricaceae Comptonia peregrina sweet fern Y CCu S5 declined only E, where common dry sandy or stony soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Myricaceae Myrica galesweet gale, sweet bayberry,

meadow-fernY CCu S5 same loc abund borders of lakes and streams Vascular Shrub Perennial

Myricaceae Myrica pensylvanica

bayberry, northern bayberry,

waxberry, tallow bayberry, small

waxberry, tallowshrub, swamp

candleberry, candlewood,

candletree, tallowtree

Y CCr S4 not seen r sandy field and calc. marsh Vascular Shrub Perennial

Najadaceae Najas flexilisslender water-nymph, slender

naiadY S5 same c lakes and quiet streams Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Najadaceae Najas gracillimathread-like water-nymph, thread-

like naiadY CCr S4 not seen r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Annual

NajadaceaeNajas guadalupensis ssp.

guadalupensissouthern water-nymph Y CCu S5 same? loc abund lakes and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Annual

NajadaceaeNajas guadalupensis ssp.

muenscheri

Hudson River water-nymph,

Muenscher's water-nymphY CCr S1 declined? loc abund tidal flats Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Najadaceae Najas minor brittle naiad N-I? SE same freq HuR tidewater Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Nyctaginaceae Mirabilis hirsuta hairy four-o'clock N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Nyctaginaceae Mirabilis nyctaginea wild four-o'clock N SE same? only HuV, freq along HuR dry sandy places, along railroad Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Nymphaeaceae Nuphar advena Nuphar advena

broad-leaved yellow pond-lily,

broad-leaved yellow cow-lily, broad-

leaved spatterdock, broad-leaved

bull-head lily

Y CCu S5 same loc abund strictly tidal Vascular Herbaceous Perennial


p. 27 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Nymphaeaceae Nuphar microphyllasmall yellow pond-lily, small yellow

cow-lily, dwarf spatterdockY CCr S5 not seen r Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Nymphaeaceae Nuphar variegata

common yellow pond-lily, common

cow-lily, common spatterdock,

northern yellow pond-lily

Y S5 same c Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea odorata white water-lily Y CCu S5? declined? c Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Nyssaceae Nyssa sylvatica

blackgum, black-gum, black gum,

black tupelo, sourgum, sour-gum,

pepperidge

Y CCu S5 same? only HuV, loc abund swamps and wet woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Oleaceae Chionanthus virginicus fringe tree N SEnot seen in

wildnot in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Oleaceae Fraxinus americana white ash Y S5 same c, abund throughoutupland woods, sometimes in wet

placesVascular Tree Perennial

Oleaceae Fraxinus nigra black ash Y CCu S5 declined? freq in permanently wet places Vascular Tree Perennial

Oleaceae Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash Y CCg S5 samec along HuR, decreasing

E

swampy woods, stream banks and

borders of pondsVascular Tree Perennial

Oleaceae Ligustrum obtusifolium border privet N-I SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Oleaceae Ligustrum vulgare European privet N-I? SE increased infreq old yards, persisting and spreading Vascular Shrub Perennial

Oleaceae Syringa reticulata Japanese tree lilac N-I? SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Oleaceae Syringa vulgaris common lilac N SE same occ old yards, persisting and spreading Vascular Shrub Perennial

OnagraceaeChamerion angustifolium

ssp. circumvagumEpilobium angustifolium fireweed Y CCr S5 declined only E, freq

woods and low grounds, esp. after

burningVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Circaea alpinanorthern enchanter's nightshade,

small enchanter's nightshadeY CCu S5 declined? only E, where common

cool moist woods, mossy swamps,

wet rocksVascular Forb/herb Perennial

OnagraceaeCircaea lutetiana ssp.

canadensis

Circaea quadrisulcata var.

canadensiscommon enchanter's nightshade Y S5 same c

moist woods, most common in rich

or alluvial soilVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Epilobium ciliatum Epilobium glandulosum hairy willow-herb Y CCu S5 declined? cmoist woods and meadows, borders

of streams and pondsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Epilobium coloratum eastern willow-herb Y S5 same? cmoist woods and meadows, borders

of streams and pondsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Epilobium hirsutumcodlins and cream, willow-herb,

fireweedN SE declined freq marshes and roadsides Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Onagraceae Epilobium leptophyllum linear-leaved willow-herb Y CCu S5 declined? c open swamps and wet meadows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Epilobium palustreEpilobium palustre var.

oliganthummarsh willow-herb Y CCr S4 not seen r, one record sphagnum bog Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Epilobium strictum downy willow-herb Y CCu S5 same? local? swampy meadows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Gaura biennis gaura, biennial beeblossom N SE declined freq moist alluvial soil along HuR Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Onagraceae Ludwigia alternifolia Ludwigia alternifolia seedbox, bushy seedbox Y CCr S? S4 same r open swampy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Ludwigia palustris water purslane, marsh seedbox Y S5 same c wet places, often in mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Oenothera biennis common evening-primrose Y S5 same cdry places in fields and woods,

cultivated and waste grdsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Onagraceae Oenothera parviflora northern evening-primrose Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record sandy, gravelly, often calc. soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

Onagraceae Oenothera perennis small sundrops Y CCu S5 declined c dry or moist soil, meadows, open

swamps, margins of woodsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onagraceae Oenothera pilosella meadow evening primrose N? SE not in FCCFNYS: native further west, but not in

CCVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Onocleaceae Matteuccia struthiopteris ostrich fern Y CCu S? S4 same infreq alluv. Along streams Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Onocleaceae Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern Y S5 same c wet places Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Ophioglossaceae Botrychium dissectum cutleaf grape-fern Y CCr R? S5 declined? freq dry fields and woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial


p. 28 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


OphioglossaceaeBotrychium lanceolatum

ssp. angustisegmentumlance-leaf grape-fern Y CCu S4 same infreq moist shady woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Ophioglossaceae Botrychium matricariifolium chamomile grape-fern Y CCu S4 same infreq moist shady woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Ophioglossaceae Botrychium multifidum leathery grape-fern Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Ophioglossaceae Botrychium oneidense blunt-lobe grape-fern Y CCr S2S3 increased? not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Ophioglossaceae Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern Y CCu S5 declined? c moist rich woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Orchidaceae Arethusa bulbosa swamp-pink Y CCr S2 not seen r shpagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Calopogon tuberosus Calopogon pulchellus grass-pink, tuberous grass-pink Y CCr R S4 declined? loc abund open bogs, sphagnum, calc. fens Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Corallorhiza maculata Corallorhiza maculata spotted coralroot Y CCu S? S4 declined c moist shady woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Corallorhiza odontorhiza Corallorhiza odontorhiza autumn coral-root Y CCr S4 not seen r calc. woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Corallorhiza trifida early coralroot, northern coral-root Y CCr S4 same r sphagnous woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Cypripedium acaule

pink lady's-slipper, small pink lady's-

slipper, pink moccasin-flower,

stemless lady's-slipper

Y CCu S4 declined only E, where commondry woods, acid soil, sphagnum

bogsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

OrchidaceaeCypripedium parviflorum var.

parviflorum

Cypripedium parviflorum

var. parviflorumsmall yellow lady's-slipper Y CCh SH not seen r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

OrchidaceaeCypripedium parviflorum var.

pubescensCypripedium calceolus large yellow lady's-slipper Y CCr R? S3 declined loc abund rich, often calc. woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Cypripedium reginae showy lady's-slipper Y CCr S3 not seen r, two locations swampy calc. woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Orchidaceae Epipactis helleborinehelleborine, eastern helleborine,

broad-leaved helleborineN SE increased! r, three records limestone talus Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Galearis spectabilis Orchis spectabilis showy orchis Y CCr R? S4 declined loc abund rich, often calc. soil in woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Goodyera pubescens downy rattlesnake-plantain Y CCr S? S4S5 not seen r dry woodlands Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Goodyera tesselata checkered rattlesnake plantain Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Orchidaceae Isotria verticillata large whorled pogonia Y CCr S3S4 not seen r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Liparis loeselii Loesel's twayblade, fen orchid Y CCr S4 declined freqswampy woods & open bogs, occ. In

dry soilVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Malaxis unifolia green adder's-mouth Y CCr S4 not seen r swampy woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera aquilonis Habenaria hyperborea northern green orchid Y CCr S4 declined? infreq rocky woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera blephariglottis Habenaria blephariglottis white fringed orchis Y CCr S4 not seen r sphagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera clavellata

Habenaria

(=Gymnadeniopsis)

clavellata var clavellata

small green woodland orchid Y CCr S4 declined? loc abund sphagnous woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

OrchidaceaePlatanthera flava var.

herbiolaPlathantera flava pale green orchid Y CCr R? S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera hookeri Habenaria hookeri Hooker's orchid Y CCr S1 not seen r, two locations steep rocky acid slope Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera lacera Habenaria lacera fringed orchid, green fringed orchis Y CCu R? S4 declined freq meadows, open fields and woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera orbiculata large round-leaved orchid Y CCr S4? not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Platanthera psycodes Habenaria psycodes purple fringed orchid, lesser purple

fringed orchidY CCr R S4 declined c swampy woods or meadows Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Orchidaceae Pogonia ophioglossoides rose pogonia Y CCr R S4 declined loc abundopen bogs, usually sphagnum,

sometimes calc. fensVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Spiranthes cernua nodding ladies'-tresses Y CCu S4 declined freqwet meadows and open bogs, or dry

sandy/gravelly fieldsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

OrchidaceaeSpiranthes lacera var.

gracilisSpiranthes gracilis southern slender ladies'-tresses Y CCr R S3S4 declined c dry grassy fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Spiranthes lacera var. lacera northern slender ladies'-tresses Y CCr R S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Spiranthes lucidashining ladies'-tresses, wide-

leaved ladies'-tressesY CCr S5 same r, two locations shale rocks in stream bed Vascular Herbaceous Perennial


p. 29 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Orchidaceae Spiranthes ochroleuca yellow nodding ladies'-tresses Y CCr S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orchidaceae Spiranthes romanzoffiana hooded ladies'-tresses Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orobanchaceae Conopholis americana squaw-root Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Orobanchaceae Epifagus virginiana beechdrops Y CCu S5 same freq in woods, under beech Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Orobanchaceae Orobanche uniflora one-flowered broomrape Y CCr R S4 declined infreq moist woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Osmundaceae Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern Y S5 same c wet places, swampy woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Osmundaceae Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern Y CCg S5 same freq, esp. E upland meadows and thickets Vascular-FernFern Perennial

OsmundaceaeOsmunda regalis var.

spectabilisOsmunda regalis royal fern Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common wet places, esp. swampy woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Oxalidaceae Oxalis corniculata creeping wood-sorrel N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Oxalidaceae Oxalis dillenii slender yellow wood-sorrel Y CCu? S5 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Oxalidaceae Oxalis montana Oxalis acetosella white wood-sorrel Y CCr S5 declined only NE, where common cool moist conifer woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Oxalidaceae Oxalis strictayellow wood-sorrel, upright yellow

wood-sorrelY S5 same c damp shaded places, cult. Grds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Oxalidaceae Oxalis violacea violet wood-sorrel Y CCr S2S3 same rmoist rich woods (actually: dry oak

woods…)Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Papaveraceae Chelidonium majus celandine, greater celandine N-I? SE increased! loc abund moist woods and banks Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Papaveraceae Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot Y CCu S4 declined c moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Phytolaccaceae Phytolacca americanapokeweed, common pokeweed,

pokeweed, poke, pokeberryY CCu S5 declined only HuV, freq

woods and wooded banks, recent

clearingsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Pinaceae Larix decidua European larch N SE increased r, one record old field Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Larix laricina tamarack, American larch Y CCu S S5 declined loc abundcalc marshes and wet meadows,

acidic bogsVascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Picea abies Norway spruce N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Picea mariana black spruce, bog spruce Y CCr S2 S5 same r Sphagnum bogs Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Picea rubens red spruce Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Pinus resinosa red pine Y CCr S5 same? r woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Pinus rigida pitch pine Y S5 same c dry sandy soil and on rocks Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Pinus strobus white pine, eastern white pine Y S5 same c woods in all kinds of habitats Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Pinus sylvestris Scotch pine N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Pinaceae Tsuga canadensis hemlock, eastern hemlock Y S5 same c cool, shady woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Plantaginaceae Plantago aristatalargebracted plantain, rat-tail

plantain, western ripplegrassN SE not seen infreq, loc abund weed in dry sandy or gravelly soil Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Plantaginaceae Plantago cordata heart-leaved plantain Y CCr S3 same r semiaquatic along HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Plantaginaceae Plantago lanceolata narrow-leaved plantain N SE same c, very! fields, lawns, and waste places Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Plantaginaceae Plantago majorbroad-leaved plantain, nipple-seed

plantainN SE same c, very! fields, meadows, lawns Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Plantaginaceae Plantago psyllium Plantago indica sand plantain N SE not seen r, one record on cinders along railroad Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Plantaginaceae Plantago rugelii black-seed plantain Y CCu S5 not seen infreq, along HuR weedy Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Platanaceae Platanus occidentalis sycamore, American plane-tree Y S5 same freq banks of streams, occ elsewhere Vascular Tree Perennial

Poaceae Agrostis capillaris Agrostis tenuisRhode Island bent, Rhode Island

bentgrass, colonial bentN SE not seen r, one record hayfields Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Agrostis gigantea Agrostis alba redtop, black bentgrass N SE same c meadows, pastures, woodlands Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Agrostis hyemalissouthern hairgrass, southern

ticklegrass, winter bentgrassY S4S5 same? c dry fields and woodlands Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Agrostis perennans autumn bent, upland bent Y CCu S5 same infreq? dry or damp fields and woodlands Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Agrostis scabra rough bentgrass Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Agrostis stolonifera creeping bentgrass N S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 30 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Poaceae Alopecurus aequalis Alopecurus aequalis short-awn foxtail Y CCu R S5 same only HuV, infreq shores and muddy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Andropogon gerardii big bluestem Y CCu S5 same infreq rocky or moist soil, near water Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet vernal grass N SE same c meadows and roadsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Aristida dichotoma Aristida dichotoma Shinners three-awned grass Y CCu S5 declined? c dry soil Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Aristida oligantha prairie three-awn grass N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Arrhenatherum elatius tall oatgrass N SE same locally abund meadows and roadsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Avena sativa cultivated oat N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Avenella flexuosa Deschampsia flexuosa wavy hair grass Y S5 same freq dry rocky woods & slopes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Bouteloua curtipendula Bouteloua curtipendula side-oats grama Y CCr S1 not seen r, loc abund dry shaly hillsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Brachyelytrum aristosumnorthern long-awned wood grass,

northern short-huskY CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Brachyelytrum erectumsouthern long-awned wood grass,

bearded short-huskY CCu S5 declined? freq moist or rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Bromus ciliatus fringed brome Y CCu S5 same? loc abundswampy meadows, esp. calc.

marshesVascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Bromus commutatus hairy brome N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Bromus inermis awnless brome, smooth brome N SE increased r, one record meadow Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Bromus kalmii wild chess Y CCu R? S4 same? infreq cool, swampy or rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Bromus latiglumisBromus purgans

(=B.altissimus)Canada brome Y CCu S5 same? local moist woods, along streams Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Poaceae Bromus pubescens hairy wood brome grass Y CCu S5 declined? freq woods, often rocky, calc. Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Bromus racemosus bald brome N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Bromus secalinus rye brome N SE same infreq cult fields, meadows, roadsides Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Bromus tectorum cheat grass N SE same infreq, loc abund roadsides and along railroads Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Calamagrostis canadensis Calamagrostis canadensis blue-joint reedgrass Y CCu S5 declined? c moist grounds and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Calamagrostis perplexa wood reed grass Y CCr S1 same? r rocky (schist) slopes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Cenchrus longispinus long-spine sandbur Y CCu S5 same? loc abund dredged sand along HuR Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Cinna arundinaceasweet woodreed, wood reedgrass,

stout woodreedY CCg S5 same only HuV,where common

swampy woods and borders of

ponds and streamsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Poaceae Cinna latifolia slender wood reedgrass Y CCg S5 same only E cool swamps and moist rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

PoaceaeColeataenia longifolia ssp.

rigidula

Panicum rigidulum,

Panicum agrostoidesredtop panicgrass Y CCr SNR not seen r, one record moist gravelly-sandy shores Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Dactylis glomerata orchard grass N SE same c fields, meadows, waste places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Danthonia compressa flattened oatgrass Y CCu S5 same? loc abund moist, rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Danthonia spicata poverty oatgrass Y S5 same c dry sandy or rocky fields and woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Deschampsia cespitosa Eurasian tufted hairgrass N S5 same local dry shaly slopes, breakwater pilings Vascular Graminoid Perennial

PoaceaeDichanthelium acuminatum

ssp. acuminatumpanic grass Y SNR same?

not in FCC, taxonomy

changed?Vascular Graminoid Perennial


ssp. columbianumPanicum columbianum panic grass Y CCr S5 not seen one record Vascular Graminoid Perennial


ssp. fasciculatumPanicum lanuginosum panic grass Y CCg S5 same freq E

dry fields and woodlands, sandy or

rocky placesVascular Graminoid Perennial


var. lindheimeriLindheimer's panicgrass Y SNR same?

not in FCC, taxonomy

changed?Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Dichanthelium boreale northern witchgrass Y CCr? S3 increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Dichanthelium boscii Bosc's panicgrass Y CCr? SNR not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial?


p. 31 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Poaceae Dichanthelium clandestinum Panicum clandestinum deer-tongue witchgrass Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq moist sandy soil, along creeks Vascular Graminoid Perennial?

PoaceaeDichanthelium

depauperatumPanicum depauperatum starved witchgrass Y CCu S5 same? occ dry sandy soil, edge of woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial?

Poaceae Dichanthelium dichotomum Panicum dichotomum small-fruited panicgrass Y CCu S5 same? occ dry woodlands Vascular Graminoid Perennial?

Poaceae Dichanthelium latifolium Panicum latifolium broad-leaf witchgrass Y CCu S4 declined? freq dry or rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial?

Poaceae Dichanthelium linearifolium Panicum linearifolium slim-leaf witchgrass Y CCu S5 declined? cdry woods and shaly banks and

knollsVascular Graminoid Perennial?

PoaceaeDichanthelium oligosanthes

ssp. scribnerianumScribner's panicgrass Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial?

Poaceae Digitaria ischaemum smooth crabgrass N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Digitaria sanguinalis hairy crabgrass N SE same c cult fields, lawns, and waste places Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Echinochloa colona jungle grass N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Echinochloa crus-galli Echinochloa crusgalli barnyardgrass N SE same c cult grds and wet places Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Echinochloa frumentaceaEchinochloa crusgalli var.

frumentaceabillion dollar grass N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Echinochloa muricata rough barnyard grass Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Echinochloa walteri Walter's barnyard grass Y CCr S5 same? r tidal marshes Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Eleusine indica India goosegrass N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Elymus canadensis Elymus canadensis Canada wildrye Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freq dry shaly banks Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Elymus hystrix Hystix patulabottle-brush grass, eastern bottle-

brush grassY S5 same c woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Elymus repensAgropyron (=Elytrigia)

repensquackgrass N SE same c waste and cultiv. Grounds Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Elymus riparius river wild-rye Y CCu S5 declined? freqmargins of streams and ponds,

moist meadows and thicketsVascular Graminoid Perennial

PoaceaeElymus trachycaulus ssp.

subsecundusAgropyron subsecundum slender wheatgrass Y CCu S5 declined? freq dry rocky woods and knolls Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Elymus villosus hairy wild rye Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV, infreq dry banks and along streams Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Elymus virginicus Virginia wild rye Y S5 same c moist soil, along streams Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Elymus wiegandii Wiegand's wild rye Y CCu S4 same occ shaded alluvial soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Eragrostis capillaris tiny love-grass Y CCu S5 declined? freq dry sandy or shaly hillsides Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Eragrostis cilianensis stinkgrass N SE increased? r, one record sandy dooryard Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Poaceae Eragrostis frankii Frank's love-grass Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Eragrostis hypnoides teal love grass Y CCr S5 not seen r dry, sandy places Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Eragrostis minor Eragrostis poaeoides little lovegrass N SE not seen infreq, loc abund dry soil along railroads Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Eragrostis pectinacea Eragrostis pectinacea lovegrass Y CCu S5 declined? c waste grounds, moist soil, old roads Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Poaceae Eragrostis pilosa Eragrostis pilosa India love-grass N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass Y CCu S5 same? infreq dry soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Festuca heterophylla variousleaf fescue N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Festuca ovina sheep fescue N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Poaceae Festuca rubra red fescue N SE same locally abund dry fields and roadsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Festuca subverticillata Festuca obtusa nodding fescue Y S5 same c rocky woods, esp. calc Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Festuca trachyphylla hard fescue, sheep fescue N SE not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Glyceria acutiflora sharp-scaled manna grass Y CCu S5 same infreq borders of small ponds and springs Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Glyceria borealis small floating manna grass Y CCu S5 same infreq borders of ponds and swamps Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Glyceria canadensisRattlesnake grass, Canada manna

grassY CCu S5 declined freq swamps and borders of ponds Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 32 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Poaceae Glyceria grandisgiant manna grass, American

manna grass, giant glyceriaY CCu R S5 declined c swampy places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Glyceria melicaria slender manna grass Y CCu S5 declined c moist places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Glyceria septentrionalis Glyceria septentrionalis floating manna grass Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record swampy woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Glyceria striata fowl manna grass Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Holcus lanatus common velvetgrass N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Poaceae Hordeum jubatum Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley N SE increased r, one location adventive in railroad yard Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Leersia oryzoides rice cutgrass Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Leersia virginica white grass, Virginia cutgrass Y S5 same c wet places Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Lolium multiflorumLolium perenne var.

aristatumItalian ryegrass N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid

Annual/Per

ennial

Poaceae Lolium perenneLolium perenne var.

perenneperennial ryegrass N SE increased r, one location on cult grd Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Microstegium vimineum Japanese stiltgrass, eulalia N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

PoaceaeMilium effusum var.

cisatlanticumMilium effusum tall millet-grass Y CCr S5 not seen r woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia frondosa wirestem muhly Y CCu S5 same loc abund roadsides, waste grounds, woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia glomerata spiked muhly Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq calc. marshes and rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia mexicana Mexican muhly Y CCg S5 same only E, freq moist woods, wet meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia schreberi Schreber muhly Y CCu? S5 increased r, one record wet Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia sobolifera cliff muhly Y CCu S5 declined? freq dry rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia sylvatica woodland muhly Y CCu S5 same infreq moist woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Muhlenbergia tenuiflora slender muhly Y CCg S5 same only E, freq dry rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Oryzopsis asperifolia white-grained mountain-ricegrass Y CCg S5 same only E >300m, freq dry rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Panicum capillare old witch panicgrass Y S5 same freqweed in cult grds, roadsides, waste

placesVascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Panicum dichotomiflorum Panicum dichotomiflorum fall panicgrass Y CCu S5 same loc abund tidal flats and sandy shores Vascular Graminoid Annual

PoaceaePanicum philadelphicum

ssp. gattingeriPanicum gattingeri Gattinger panicgrass Y CCu S5 same?

only in Hu&HaV, occ and

increasing weed

sandy and muddy shores and

roadsidesVascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Panicum tuckermaniiPanicum philadelphicum

var. tuckermaniiTuckerman's panicgrass Y CCu same? infreq sandy and muddy shores Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Panicum virgatum switchgrass Y CCu S5 same? only HuV, infreq moist or sandy soil Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass Y/N-I S5 increased! c swamps and creek banks Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Phleum pratense timothy, meadow timothy N SE same c meadows and roadsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Phragmites australis Phragmites communiscommon reed, European common

reedN-I SE increased r calc. marshes Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Piptatherum racemosum Oryzopsis racemosa black-fruited mountain-ricegrass Y CCu S5 declined? c rocky woods, mostly calc. Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Poa alsodes grove bluegrass Y CCg S5 same? only E rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Poa annua annual bluegrass, speargrass N SE same c lawns and cultivated grounds Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Poaceae Poa compressa Canada bluegrass N SE declined? c woods, meadows, fields Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Poa nemoralis woods bluegrass N SE not seen r, one record shale rocks Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Poa palustris fowl bluegrass, meadowgrass Y S5 same c meadows and moist ground Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Poaceae Poa pratensis bluegrass N SE same c fields, meadows, woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Poa saltuensis Poa saltuensis drooping bluegrass Y CCg S5 same? only E rocky woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Poa trivialis Poa trivialisrough-sheathed bluegrass,

Scribner bluegrassN SE same infreq meadows Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Puccinellia distans weeping alkaligrass N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Schedonorus arundinacea tall fescue N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial


p. 33 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Poaceae Schedonorus pratensisFestuca pratensis or

elatiormeadow fescue N SE increased freq woods, fields, roadsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Schizachne purpurascens purple oat Y CCu S5 same? loc abund rocky, calc. woods Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem Y CCu? S5 declined? cdry fields and hillsides, often in

sterile, acidic soilVascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Setaria faberi giant foxtail N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Setaria parviflora Setaria geniculata bristly foxtail Y CCr S3? not seen not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Setaria pumilaSetaria glauca, Setaria

lutescensyellow foxtail, yellow bristlegrass N SE same c waste and cultiv. Grounds Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Setaria viridis green foxtail, green bristle grass N SE same infreq waste and cultiv. Grounds Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Sorghastrum nutans Indiangrass, yellow Indiangrass Y CCr S? S5 same? r, loc abund dry shaly hillsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Spartina pectinata fresh water cordgrass Y CCr S5 same? local tidal mud Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Sphenopholis intermediaSphenopholis obtusata

var. majorslender wedgescale Y CCu S5 declined? freq moist places, rocky woods Vascular Graminoid

Annual/Per

ennial

Poaceae Sphenopholis nitida shiny wedgegrass Y CCr S5 not seen r dry wooded hillsides Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Sphenopholis obtusataSphenopholis obtusata

var. obtusatawedgegrass Y CCr S1 not seen r dry soil Vascular Graminoid

Annual/Per

ennial

Poaceae Sporobolus vaginiflorus Sporobolus vaginiflorus sheathed dropseed Y CCu S5 declined? freq dry soil Vascular Graminoid Annual

PoaceaeTorreyochloa pallida var.

fernaldiiGlyceria fernaldii Fernald's false mannagrass Y CCr S5 not seen one record mudy shore Vascular Graminoid Perennial

PoaceaeTorreyochloa pallida var.

pallida

Puccinellia pallida,

Glyceria pallidapale manna grass Y S5 declined? freq moist places, sometimes in water Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Tridens flavus Tridens flavuspurple-top , tall purple-top

fluffgrassY CCu S5 increased? not in FCC Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Triplasis purpurea Triplasis purpurea purple sandgrass Y CCu S4 same? loc abund dredged sand along HuR Vascular Graminoid Annual

Poaceae Trisetum spicatum narrow false oats Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record dry shale Vascular Graminoid Perennial

Poaceae Zizania aquatica Zizania aquaticawild rice, eastern wild rice, Indian

rice, annual wildriceY CCu S5 declined? only HuR,where common tidal marshes Vascular Graminoid Annual

Polemoniaceae Phlox paniculata fall phlox N SE same occ woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polemoniaceae Phlox subulata moss phlox, moss pink N, although considered native in other parts of NYSS4 same occ cemeteries and yards Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygalaceae Polygala paucifolia gay-wing milkwort Y CCu S5 declined? c woods and shady banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polygalaceae Polygala polygama racemed milkwort Y CCr S5 not seen r dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Polygalaceae Polygala sanguinea field milkwort Y CCu S? S5 same infreq fields and meadows Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygalaceae Polygala senega Seneca snakeroot Y CCu S5 same infreq rocky, calc. woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

PolygalaceaePolygala verticillata var.

ambiguawhorled milkwort Y CCr S3? not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

PolygalaceaePolygala verticillata var.

verticillataPolygala verticillata whorled milkwort Y CCu S? S5 declined? c dry fields and hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygonaceae Fagopyrum esculentum Fagopyrum sagittatum buckwheat N SE decreased freq escaped from cult. Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygonaceae Fallopia cilinodis Polygonum cilinode fringed black bindweed Y CCg S5 same? c E, r in HuV thickets and woods in rocky places Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Fallopia convolvulus Polygonum convolvulus black bindweed N SE same c waste and cultiv. Grounds VascularVine,

Forb/herbAnnual

Polygonaceae Fallopia dumetorum

European climbing buckwheat,

climbing false buckwheat, corpse-

bindweed

N SE same infreq rocky woods (FNE:weedy) VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Polygonaceae Fallopia japonica Polygonum cuspidatumJapanese knotweed, Japanese

bambooN-I SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

PolygonaceaeFallopia scandens var.

cristatumPolygonum dumetorum climbing false-buckwheat Y CCu S4 same? infreq rocky woods Vascular

Vine,

Forb/herbPerennial

PolygonaceaeFallopia scandens var.

scandens

Polygonum scandens var.

dumetorum (=Tiniaria

dumetorum)

climbing false buckwheat Y CCg S5 same? only HuV, freq thickets near ponds & streams VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria amphibiaPolygonum amphibium

var. emersum

water smartweed, longroot

smartweedY CCu S5 same infreq

swamps and borders of lakes and



p. 34 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Polygonaceae Persicaria arifolia Polygonum arifolium halberd-leaf tearthumb, tear-thumb Y CCu S S5 declined? c wet places Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria hydropiper Polygonum hydropiper water-pepper, marshpepper

smartweedN SE increased infreq moist soil, waste and cult. Grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygonaceae Persicaria hydropiperoidesPolygonum

hydropiperoides

false water-pepper, swamp

smartweedY CCu S5 same infreq wet places near streams and ponds Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria lapathifolia Polygonum lapathifoliumdock-leaf smartweed, pale

smartweedN SE same infreq

swampy places, borders of lakes

and streamsVascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygonaceae Persicaria longiseta Polygonum caespitosumcreeping smartweed, bristly lady's-

thumbN SE increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Polygonaceae Persicaria maculosa Polygonum persicarialady's-thumb, spotted lady's-thumb,

redshank, heart's-ease, smartweedN S5 same c

weedy in moist places, waste and

cult grdsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria pensylvanicaPolygonum

pensylvanicumPennsylvania smartweed Y S5 same freq

moist soil, ditches, cult grd, weedy in

HuVVascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygonaceae Persicaria punctata Polygonum punctatum dotted smartweed Y CCg S5 same? only HuV,where commonwet places, esp. tidal marshes of

HuRVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria robustiorstout smartweed. large water

smartweedY CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria sagittata Polygonum sagittatumarrow-leaf tearthumb, arrow-vine,

scratch-grassY S5 same c

wet places in swampy woods and

along streamsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Persicaria virginiana Polygonum virginianum jumpseed Y CCu S5 declined? cmoist soil in woods and thickets, and

along streamsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Polygonum aviculare prostrate knotweed N SE same c weed Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

PolygonaceaePolygonum aviculare ssp.

avicularecommon knotweed, doorweed N SE same c weed Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

PolygonaceaePolygonum aviculare ssp.

neglectumnarrow-leaf knotweed N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Polygonaceae Polygonum tenue Polygonum tenueslender knotweed, pleat-leaf

knotweedY CCr S3 declined?

only Hu & Ha V, where

abundantdry shaly and sandy hills and knolls Vascular Forb/herb Annual

PolygonaceaeRumex acetosella ssp.

pyrenaicussheep sorrel N SE same c dry fields, woods, and hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polygonaceae Rumex britannica Rumex orbiculatuswater dock, greater water dock,

British dockY CCu S5 same loc abund calc. marshes, swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polygonaceae Rumex crispus curly dock, yellow dock, sour dock N SE same c waste places, fields and cult grd Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polygonaceae Rumex obtusifoliusbroad-leaf dock, broadleaf dock,

bitter dockN SE same c waste places, fields and cult grd Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Polygonaceae Rumex triangulivalviswhite dock, white willow dock,

triangular-valved dockY CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polygonaceae Rumex verticillatus swamp dock, water dock Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Polypodiaceae Polypodium appalachianumAppalachian polypody,

Appalachian rockcap fernY CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Polypodiaceae Polypodium virginianum rock polypody Y S5 same c rocks and rocky banks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Pontederiaceae Heteranthera dubia Zosterella dubia grassleaf mud-plantain Y CCu S5 declined freq shallow water, ponds and streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Pontederiaceae Heteranthera reniformis kidneyleaf mud-plantain Y CCr S3 not seen loc abund tidal mud along HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Pontederiaceae Pontederia cordata pickerelweed Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where common borders of streams and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Portulacaceae Claytonia caroliniana Carolina spring-beauty Y CCr S5 same r moist woods at higher elev NE Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Portulacaceae Claytonia virginica Claytonia virginicaVirginia springbeauty, eastern

spring beautyY CCu S? S5 same loc abund moist woods and alluvial banks Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Portulacaceae Portulaca grandiflora rose-moss-of-garden, moss-rose N SE increased? not in FCC cultivated, and sometimes persisting Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea common purslane N SE same c weed in cult grds Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton amplifoliuslarge-leaf pondweed, broad-leaved

pondweedY S5 same? c ponds, lakes, quiet streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton confervoides

algae-like pondweed, alga

pondweed, Tuckerman's

pondweed

Y CCr S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 35 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton crispus curly pondweed, curled pondweed N-I SE increased! infreq lakes and creeks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton epihydrusribbon-leaf pondweed, Nuttall's

pondweedY CCr S5 not seen r shallow water of lakes and streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton foliosus Potamogeton foliosus leafy pondweed Y CCu S5 same? infreq? lakes and sluggish streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton gramineus grassy pondweed Y S5 same? freq in lakes and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton hillii Hill's pondweed Y CCr S2 increased? no CC record in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton illinoensis Illinois pondweed Y S5 same? c deep water in lakes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton natansfloating pondweed, floating-leaf

pondweedY S5 same? freq shallow water in lakes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton nodosus longleaf pondweed Y S5 same? freqshallow water in lakes and quiet


Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton obtusifolius blunt-leaf pondweed Y CCr? S4 increased? not in FCCin FCC only historical from Pine

PlainsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton ogdenii Ogden's pondweed Y CCr S1 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton perfoliatus clasping-leaf pondweed Y CCu S5 same? only HuR, loc abund tidal water of HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton praelongus white-stem pondweed Y S5 same? freq deep water in larger lakes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton pulcher spotted pondweed Y CCr S2 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

PotamogetonaceaePotamogeton pusillus ssp.

pusillussmall pondweed Y CCu S5 same? infreq shallow ponds and sluggish streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

PotamogetonaceaePotamogeton pusillus ssp.

tenuissimusPotamogeton berchtoldi small pondweed Y CCu S5 same? loc c

shallow bays of lakes, ponds and

sluggish streams, backwaters of

HuR

Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton richardsonii Richardson's pondweed Y CCg S5 same? only HuR? Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton robbinsiiRobbins' pondweed, flatleaf

pondweed, fern pondweedY CCu S5 same? loc abund shallow water in lakes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton spirillusspiral pondweed, northern

snailseed pondweedY S5 same? freq shallow water in lakes and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton strictifolius straight-leaf pondweed Y CCr S1 not seen no CC record in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton x haynesii pondweed Y CCr S1? not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton zosteriformis flatstem pondweed Y CCg S5 same? c, except for HuR lakes, but rare in HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Potamogetonaceae Stuckenia pectinata Potamogeton pectinatus Sago pondweed Y CCu S5 same? infreq in lakes and HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial?

Primulaceae Anagallis arvensisscarlet pimpernel, poor-man's

weatherglass, shepherd's-clockN SE increased? occ in HuV weed Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Primulaceae Lysimachia ciliata fringed loosestrife Y S5 same cmoist meadows, thickets, along

streamsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Primulaceae Lysimachia nummularia moneywort, creeping Jennie N-I SE increased! freq near dwellings and in moist places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Primulaceae Lysimachia quadrifolia whorled loosestrife Y S5 same c dry woods and fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Primulaceae Lysimachia terrestris swamp loosestrife Y CCu S5 declined freq wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Primulaceae Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife, water loosestrife Y CCu S4 same infreq swamps and borders of ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Primulaceae Trientalis borealis starflower, northern starflower Y CCg S5 same only E, where common dry woods or sphagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Pteridaceae Adiantum pedatum northern maidenhair-fern Y CCu S4 declined? c rich soil in woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Pteridaceae Pellaea atropurpurea purple-stem cliff-brake Y CCu R S4 same? loc abund exposed limestone rocks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Pteridaceae Pellaea glabella Pellaea glabella smooth cliff-brake Y CCr S2 not seen r, one record limestone cliff Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Ranunculaceae Actaea pachypoda Actaea alba white baneberry, doll's-eyes Y CCu S5 declined c woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Actaea rubra red baneberry Y CCu S S5 same infreq woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Ranunculaceae Anemone canadensis Canada anemone Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common wet meadows and along streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Anemone cylindrica

long-fruited anemone, long-headed

anemone, thimbleweed, candle

anemone

Y CCu? S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 36 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Ranunculaceae Anemone quinquefolia wood anemone, nightcaps Y CCu S5 declined c sandy and rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

RanunculaceaeAnemone virginiana var.

albatall thimbleweed Y CCu? S4? not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

RanunculaceaeAnemone virginiana var.

virginianaAnemone virginiana

thimbleweed, tall thimbleweed, tall

anemoneY CCu S5 declined? c dry woods and banks Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Aquilegia canadensiswild columbine, Canadian

columbineY CCu S5 declined? c dry rocky banks and wood Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Caltha palustris marsh marigold Y S5 same c swampy woods and meadows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Cimicifuga racemosablack cohosh, black snakeroot,

black bugbaneY CCr S4 declined loc abund rich woods, limestone soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Clematis occidentalis Clematis verticillaris purple clematis Y CCr R? S4 declined infreq rocky woods VascularVine,

SubshrubPerennial

Ranunculaceae Clematis virginiana virgin-bower, Virginia virgin-bower Y S5 same c moist hedges and thickets VascularVine,

SubshrubPerennial

Ranunculaceae Coptis trifolia Coptis groenlandicagoldthread, goldenroot, yellow

snakerootY CCu S5 declined only E, where common

moist, often swampy or sphagnum


Ranunculaceae Hepatica nobilis var. acuta Hepatica acutiloba sharp-lobed hepatica Y CCu S5 declined only >300m, loc abund dry calcareous woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa Hepatica americanaround-lobed hepatica, round-

leaved liverleafY CCu S5 declined c dry woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Hydrastis canadensisgolden-seal, orange-root, yellow-

puccoonY CCr S2 not seen r, one record

rich soil and humus, often near

bases of limestone cliffs and slopesVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Nigella damascena love-in-a-mist N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus abortivuskidney-leaved buttercup, kidney-

leaved crowfoot, littleleaf buttercupY S5 same c moist woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus acris common butter-cup, tall butter-cup N SE same c fields, pastures, and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny mountains crowfoot Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus ambigenswater-plantain spearwort, water-

plantain crowfootY CCr S4S5 not seen r ditches in mud Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus bulbosus bulbous butter-cup N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus fascicularis early buttercup Y CCr S5 not seen r dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus flabellaris yellow water-crowfoot Y CCu S? S5 same infreqmuddy ditches and exposed mud,

shallow waterVascular Forb/herb Perennial

RanunculaceaeRanunculus flammula var.

reptansRanunculus reptans greater creeping spearwort Y CCu S5 not seen r, one record muddy shore Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

RanunculaceaeRanunculus hispidus var.

caricetorum

Ranunculus

septentrionalis

swamp buttercup, marsh buttercup

(common variety)Y S5 same c

swampy woods, wet borders of



hispidushispid buttercup Y CCg S5 same only HuV,where common wooded hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


nitidus

Ranunculus

septentrionalisswamp buttercup (rare variety!) Y CCr S1 declined? c

swampy woods and wet borders of

streams and pondsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus longirostriswhite water-crowfoot, eastern

white water-crowfootY CCr S5 same r lakes and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus micranthus rock crowfoot Y CCr S3 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus pensylvanicus

bristly buttercup, Pennsylvania

buttercup, bristly buttercup, bristly

crowfoot

Y CCu S5 same infreq moist rich soil Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus recurvatus Ranunculus recurvatus hooked buttercup, hooked crowfoot Y CCu S5 declined c moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus repensRanunculus repens forma

plentifloruscreeping butter-cup N-I SE same occ escaped from cult. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus sceleratus cursed crowfoot, blisterwort N SE not seen only HuR, where rare! a salt-marsh species Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Ranunculaceae Thalictrum dioicumearly meadow-rue, quicksilver-

weedY CCu S5 declined c dry woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial


p. 37 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Ranunculaceae Thalictrum pubescens Thalictrum polygamum

tall meadow-rue, late meadow-rue,

meadow-weed, muskrat-weed,

king-of-the-meadow

Y CCu S5 declined c wet meadows and swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Thalictrum thalictroides Anemonella thalictroides rue-anemone, windflower Y CCu S5 declined c dry woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ranunculaceae Xanthorhiza simplicissimayellowroot, shrub yellowroot, brook-

featherN SE not seen r, one record wood Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rhamnaceae Ceanothus americanusCeanothus americanus

var. americanusNew Jersey tea Y CCu R S5 declined loc abund dry hillsides and margins of woods Vascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Rhamnaceae Rhamnus alnifolia alderleaf buckthorn Y CCu R S4 declined loc abund calc. marshes Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rhamnaceae Rhamnus cathartica buckthorn, common buckthorn N-I SE increased! occ dry woods and old pastures Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Agrimonia gryposepalaagrimony, tall hairy agrimony,

harvest lice, cockleburY S5 same c pastures, roadsides, wooded banks Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Agrimonia parviflorasmall-flowered agrimony, swamp

agrimonyY CCu S3 increased? infreq pastures and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Agrimonia pubescens soft Agrimony, soft groovebur Y CCu S4 same infreq Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Agrimonia striata woodland agrimony Y CCu S5 same infreq woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier arboreadowny shadbush, downy

serviceberryY S5 same c woods and fence rows, dry soil Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier canadensis oblong-leaf serviceberry Y CCr S5 same? r, one record calc. marshes Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier humilis running serviceberry Y CCu S4 declined? only HuV, freq dry shaly hillsides and bluffs Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier intermedia Amelanchier x intermedia serviceberry Y CCr S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier laevissmooth shadbush, Allegheny

service-berryY CCg S5 same only E, freq

rocky woods, dry soil on schist and

quartziteVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier sanguinea roundleaf shadbush Y CCr S5 declined? infreqrocky woods, bluffs, limestone

ledgesVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Amelanchier spicata Amelanchier stolonifera running serviceberry Y CCu R S5 declined? only E rocky summits >450m Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Aronia arbutifolia red chokeberry Y CCr S4 not seen r bogs Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Aronia melanocarpa black chokeberry Y CCu S5 declined only E, where common swamps and rocky uplands Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Comarum palustre Potentilla palustrismarsh cinquefoil, five-fingers,

purple cinquefoilY CCr S4 same r, one record swampy lake shore Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus biltmoreana Biltmore hawthorn Y CCr S1? increased? not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus chrysocarpa fineberry hawthorn Y CCr S4 not seen r, one record Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus coccinea scarlet hawthorn Y CCr S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus crus-galli cockspur hawthorn Y CCu S5 same infreqsandy or shaly soil in fields and

woodsVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus dissona Northern hawthorn Y CCu increased? not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus dodgei Dodge's hawthorn Y CCu increased? not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus intricata hawthorn Y CCr S2? declined? only HuV, freq rocky woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus macrosperma Crataegus flabellata hawthorn Y CCu S5 declined? chillsides, field, thickets, dry or moist

soilVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus monogyna hawthorn N SE same occescaped into field, pastures, and

woodsVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington hawthorn Nseen once

in cultnot in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus pruinosa waxyfruit hawthorn Y CCu S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus punctata dotted hawthorn Y CCu S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Crataegus succulenta Crataegus macracantha fleshy hawthorn Y CCr S4 not seen r, two locations Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

RosaceaeDasiphora fruticosa ssp.

floribundaPotentilla fructicosa shrubby cinquefoil Y CCu S4 same loc abund

calc. soils, swamps and moist open

hillsidesVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Duchesnea indica Indian mock-strawberry N SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

RosaceaeFragaria vesca ssp.

americanawoodland strawberry Y CCu S5 same occ Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Fragaria vesca ssp. vesca woodland strawberry N SE same occ escaped Vascular Forb/herb Perennial


p. 38 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Rosaceae Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry Y S5 same c fields and woods, in rich soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Geum aleppicum yellow avens Y CCu S5 declined? freq wet meadows, swampy woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Geum canadense white avens Y S5 same c woods and thickets Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Geum laciniatum rough avens Y CCu S5 declined? c woods and swampy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Geum rivale purple avens, water avens Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq calccalcareous wet meadows, open

marshes, moist thicketVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Geum vernum spring avens Y CCr S2S3 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Geum virginianum cream avens Y CCr S2 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Malus coronaria sweet crab-apple Y CCu R? S3? increased? not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Malus pumila apple N SE same freq fence rows and old fields Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Malus sieboldiiPyrus sieboldii, Malus

toringotoringa crabapple N-I? SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark, eastern ninebark Y CCu S5 declinedonly along HuR, where

common

rocky ledges and swamps along

HuRVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Potentilla argentea silvery cinquefoil N SE declined? freq dry sandy or rocky soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Potentilla arguta tall cinquefoil Y CCu S5 declined? infreq dry fields and rocky streambanks Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Potentilla canadensis Canada cinquefoil Y S4 same freq fields and woods, dry or sandy soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

RosaceaePotentilla norvegica ssp.

monspeliensis

Potentilla norvegica var.

hirsuta

rough-leaf cinquefoil, Norwegian

cinquefoil, three-leaf cinquefoilN SE? same c dry fields Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Potentilla recta sulphur cinquefoil N SE increased occ meadows Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Potentilla simplexcommon cinquefoil, old-field

cinquefoilY S5 same c fields and woods, weedy Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus americana American plum Y CCr S3S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus avium sweet cherry N SE same occ escaped Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus cerasus sour red cherry N SE same occ escaped Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus domestica garden plum, European plum N SE same occ escape along fences Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus pensylvanica Prunus pensylvanicapin cherry, fire cherry, wild red

cherry, bird cherryY CCu S5 declined? only E, where common

dry rocky woods, shaly bluffs, open

sandy fieldsVascular Tree Perennial

RosaceaePrunus pumila var.

susquehanaeSusquehanna cherry Y CCr? S4 declined only SE, freq bare rocky summits and bluffs Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus serotina wild black cherry Y S5 same c woods Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Prunus virginiana choke cherry Y S5 same c thickets and fence rows Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Pyrus communis common pear N SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Rosaceae Rosa blanda Rosa blanda smooth rose, meadow rose Y CCu S5 declined? infreqthickets in wet places about lakes

and pondsVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rosa canina dog rose N SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Vine, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rosa carolina pasture rose, Carolina rose Y SNR same freq woods, pastures, fence rows VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Rosaceae Rosa micrantha smallflower sweetbrier N SE increased not in FCC VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Rosaceae Rosa multiflora multiflora rose, rambler rose N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Vine, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rosa palustris swamp rose Y S5 same copen swampy thickets, esp. ebund

in calc marshes of HaVVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rosa rubiginosa Rosa eglanteria sweet brier N SE check idonly HuV, freq on clay

soilsold fields and pastures Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rosa virginiana Virginia rose Y CCu R? S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry Y S5 same c fields, thickets, clearings, edges Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus flagellaris dewberry, northern dewberry Y S5 same cdry sandy and rocky soil, open fields

or thicketsVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus hispidus swamp dewberry, bristly dewberry Y CCg S5 same c, esp Eswamps and moist woods,

sphagnous hummocksVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus American red raspberry Y S5 same c woods, pastures, clearings Vascular Shrub Perennial


p. 39 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Rosaceae Rubus occidentalis black raspberry Y S5 same c woods, pastures, clearings Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus odoratus purple flowering raspberry Y CCg S5 same c, esp E woods and thickets Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus pensilvanicus Pennsylvania blackberry Y CCr? S5 increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus phoenicolasius wineberry N-I SE increased! not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus pubescens Rubus pubescens dwarf red blackberry, plumboy Y CCu S5 declined? c E, but local also in HuVswamps, wet woods, often on

sphagnum, also calc.Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Rubus setosus Rubus groutianus setose blackberry Y CCr S4 not seen r, one record swamp Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Sanguisorba canadensisburnet, Canadian burnet, American

burnetY CCu S5 declined c E, but local also in HuV Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rosaceae Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Potentilla tridentata three-toothed cinquefoil Y CCr R S4 declined loc abundbare rocky summits, >450m, shist or

quartzVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rosaceae Sorbaria sorbifolia false spiraea N SE increased occ escaped from cult. Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Sorbus aucuparia European mountain-ash N SE sme? occ escaped in woods and along fences Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Sorbus decora northern mountain-ash Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Spiraea alba var. latifolia Spiraea latifoliameadow-sweet, northern meadow-

sweetY S5 same c open swamps and hillsides Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Spiraea japonica Japanese spiraea N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Spiraea tomentosa steeplebush, hardhack spiraea Y CCg S5 same c, esp Eopen swamps and hillsides, dry or

wetVascular Shrub Perennial

Rosaceae Waldsteinia fragarioidesWaldsteinia fragarioides

var. fragarioidesbarren strawberry Y CCu S5 same local rocky or rich woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Cephalanthus occidentalis buttonbush, common buttonbush Y CCu S5 declined? freq swamps and margins of ponds Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium aparine cleavers Y CCg S5 same only HuV, freqmoist woods and ravines, on clay

and limestoneVascular

Vine,

Forb/herbAnnual

Rubiaceae Galium asprellum rough bedstraw Y S5 same freq moist thickets and open swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium boreale northern bedstraw Y CCr R? S5 not seen r dry banks on shaly or clay soil VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Rubiaceae Galium circaezans licorice bedstraw Y S5 same c dry woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium labradoricum bog bedstraw Y CCu S4 same local calc marshes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium lanceolatum Torrey's wild licorice Y CCu S5 declined? freq dry loamy, sandy or rocky Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium mollugocommon bedstraw, white

bedstraw, wild madderN SE increased c in HuV, else occ pest on clays and shales in HuV Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium obtusum blunt-leaf bedstraw Y CCu S5 same infreqmoist woods and swampy borders of


Rubiaceae Galium palustre marsh bedstraw Y CCr S5 same? r wet places, along streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium pilosum hairy bedstraw Y CCr S4 same? r dry shaly hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium tinctorium stiff marsh bedstraw Y CCu S5 declined only E, freqmoist wooded swamps and borders

of pondsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium trifidum Galium trifidumsmall bedstraw, three petal

bedstrawY CCg S5 same? only E, freq

open swamps and borders of ponds,

often in SphagnumVascular

Vine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Rubiaceae Galium triflorumfragrant bedstraw, sweet-scented

bedstrawY S5 same c

woods, thickets, wooded swampy

placesVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rubiaceae Galium verumyellow bedstraw, yellow spring

bedstrawN SE same occ, c N fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Houstonia caerulea Hedyotis caerulea bluet, azure bluet Y CCu S5 declined? only E, where common meadows and moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Houstonia longifolia longleaf bluet Y CCu S5 same infreq dry sandy or rocky hills Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Rubiaceae Mitchella repens partridgeberry Y S5 same cdry woods and grassy banks or

hummocks in bogs and swampsVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Rutaceae Zanthoxylum americanum prickly-ash, northern prickly-ash Y CCu S5 same loc abund rich woods and thickets, calc. soil Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Populus alba white poplar N SE same occ lawns and fields, escaped Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Populus balsamifera Populus balsamifera balsam poplar Y CCr S4S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Populus deltoides cottonwood, eastern cottonwood Y S5 same freq moist soil near water Vascular Tree Perennial


p. 40 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Salicaceae Populus grandidentata bigtooth aspen Y S5 same freqwoods and thickets, also along

streamsVascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Populus tremuloides quaking aspen Y S5 same cwoods and thickets, also along

streamsVascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Salix alba white willow N SE same? r, one location sand flats at Nutten Hook Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow Y CCu S5 same infreq? moist soil, sometimes upland Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix candida sage willow, hoary willow Y CCu S S5 same loc abund calc marshes Vascular Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix discolor pussy willow Y S5 same c springy places and swamps Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix eriocephalaSalix rigida, Salix

missouriensis

Missouri willow, Missouri river

willow, diamond willow, heartleaf

willow

Y S5 same c swamps and alluvial grds Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix humilis Salix humilis tall prairie willow Y CCu S S5 declined? freq, rather dry sandy or rocky places Vascular Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix interior sandbar willow Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record sand flats Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Salix lucida Salix lucida shining willow, glossy willow Y CCu S5 same? infreq swamps and wet places Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Salix nigra black willow Y CCu S5 declined? freq alluv banks and margins of streams Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Salix pedicellaris bog willow Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record acid bog Vascular Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix pentandra laurel willow N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Tree Perennial

Salicaceae Salix petiolaris meadow willow Y CCr S5 not seen r, two locations springs on rocky hillsides Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix purpurea basket willow N SE not seen r wet ground Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix sericea silky willow Y CCu S S5 same c wet ground Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix serissima Salix exigua autumn willow Y CCg S S5 same? only HaV, freq calc marshes, wet places, bogs Vascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Salicaceae Salix x fragilis hybrid crack willow N SE same freq established along streams Vascular Tree Perennial

Santalaceae Comandra umbellata Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax Y CCu S5 declined loc abund dry rocky woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Sarraceniaceae Sarracenia purpurea pitcher-plant, side-saddle plant Y CCu S? S3S4 same loc abund sphagnum bogs and calc. situations Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Saxifragaceae Astilbe biternata Appalachian false goat's beard N SE not seen r, one record escaped from cult. Vascular Shrub Perennial

Saxifragaceae Astilbe japonica florist's-spiraea N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

SaxifragaceaeChrysosplenium

americanum

golden-saxifrage, American golden-

saxifrageY CCg S4 same only E, where common

rocky brooks and margins of


Saxifragaceae Mitella diphyllamiterwort, twoleaf miterwort,

coolwortY CCu S5 declined? c rocky woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Saxifragaceae Mitella nuda naked bishop's-cap Y CCr S4 not seen r, one record cool boggy woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Saxifragaceae Parnassia glaucagrass-of-parnassus, Carolina grass-

of-parnassusY CCr S S4 same loc abund calc. marshes Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Saxifragaceae Saxifraga pensylvanica swamp saxifrage Y CCu S4S5 declined? only E, freqdeep swampy woods, less often wet

meadowsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Saxifragaceae Saxifraga virginiensis early saxifrage, Virginia saxifrage Y CCu S5 declined c rocky ledges and outcrops Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Saxifragaceae Tiarella cordifoliafoam-flower, heart-leaved foam-

flowerY CCu S5 declined only E, where common rich woods and swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scheuchzeriaceae Scheuchzeria palustrisscheuchzeria, American

scheuchzeriaY CCr S3 not seen r, one record bog Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Agalinis paupercula Agalinis paupercula smallflower false foxglove Y CCr S3? declined? loc abund calc marshes Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Agalinis tenuifolia Agalinis tenuifolia slender false foxglove Y CCr R S5 declined? only Hu&HaV, freq dry shaly hillsides, woods, meadows Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Aureolaria flava Aureolaria (Gerardia) flava smooth yellow false foxglove Y CCr S5 declined? only E, freq dry sandy and rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Aureolaria pedicularia fernleaf yellow false-foxglove Y CCr S4 declined? only HaV, freq dry sandy or rocky woods, acid Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Aureolaria virginica downy false foxglove Y CCr S5 declined? freq dry sandy or rocky woods, acid Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Chaenorhinum minus dwarf snapdragon N SE not seen r, one record railroad embankment Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Chelone glabra turtlehead, white turtlehead Y CCu S5 declined? c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Digitalis purpurea purple foxglove N SE increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Scrophulariaceae Gratiola neglecta clammy hedge-hyssop Y CCu S? S5 declined? c wet or muddy places Vascular Forb/herb Annual


p. 41 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Scrophulariaceae Limosella australis Limosella subulata mudwort Y CCr S3 declined? loc abund tidal mud Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Linaria vulgaris

butter-and-eggs, flax-weed, wild

snapdragon, yellow toadflax, eggs-

and-bacon

N SE same croadsides, pastures, waste and cult

grdVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Lindernia dubiafalse pimpernel, yellowseed false

pimpernelY CCg S5 same only HuV,where common tidal mud, along streams and ponds Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

ScrophulariaceaeMelampyrum lineare var.

latifoliumcow-wheat, narrowleaf cow-wheat Y CCu SNR declined? c

dry acid soil in woods and on

wooded banksVascular Herbaceous Annual

Scrophulariaceae Mimulus alatus sharp-winged monkey-flower Y CCr S3 declined infreq wet places along streams and ponds Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Mimulus ringens

monkey-flower, square-stemmed

monkey-flower, Allegheny monkey-

flower

Y CCu S5 declined? c wet places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Nuttallanthus canadensis Linaria canadensis Canada toadflax, old-field toadflax Y CCu S4 not seen only E, occ rocky open woods, dry soil Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis canadensis Pedicularis canadensiswood-betony, Canadian lousewort,

forest lousewortY CCu S5 declined? c woods, meadows, alluv soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Pedicularis lanceolata swamp lousewort Y CCr S2 not seen loc abund moist banks along HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Penstemon calycosusPenstemon laevigatus (=

P. calycosus)long-sepal beard-tongue N SE not seen r, one record field Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Penstemon digitaliswhite beard-tongue, talus slope

beard-tongueY CCu S5 increased occ roadsides and fields, calc. regions Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Penstemon hirsutushairy beard-tongue, northeastern

beard-tongueY CCu S5 declined? only HuV, freq dry shaly hillsides and bluffs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Penstemon pallidus pale beard-tongue Y CCu S5 same occ dry sandy or shaly fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Rhinanthus minor Rhinanthus crista-galli yellow-rattle, little yellow-rattle N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Scrophularia lanceolata figwort, hare figwort Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common woods and thickets, dry soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Scrophularia marilandica carpenter's square Y CCu S4 same infreqwoods and pastures in rich and

moist soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Verbascum blattaria moth mullein, white moth mullein N SE same occ fields, pastures, roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Scrophulariaceae Verbascum thapsus great mullein N SE same c fields, roadsides, waste places Vascular Forb/herb Biennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica americana American speedwell Y CCu S5 declined? freq springy places & streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica anagallis-aquatica blue water speedwell N SE same infreq springy places & streams, often calc. Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica arvensis corn speedwell N SE same freq weedy, woods and fields Vascular Forb/herb Annual

ScrophulariaceaeVeronica austriaca ssp.

teucriumVeronica latifolia broadleaf speedwell N SE same occ fields and roadsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica catenata Veronica connata water speedwell Y CCr S3S5 not seen r wet places, calc Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica chamaedrys Germander speedwell N SE not seen r, one record Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica officinalis common speedwell, gypsy-weed N SE same c weedy, woods and fields Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica peregrina Veronica peregrina neckweed Y CCu S5 same? occ damp places, waste and cult grd Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Veronica persica bird-eye speedwell N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Scrophulariaceae Veronica scutellata marsh-speedwell Y CCu S5 declined? freq ditches, swamps Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronica serpyllifolia thymeleaf speedwell N SE same freqweedy on meadows, pastures, and

moist banksVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Scrophulariaceae Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's-root Y CCr S2 declined? only Hu&HaV, freq moist meadows, along streams Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Selaginellaceae Selaginella apoda creeping spikemoss Y CCr S2? not seen infreq moist places in calc soil Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Selaginellaceae Selaginella rupestrisrock spikemoss, northern

selaginellaY CCu S4 declined? freq rocks and loose stony soil Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Simaroubaceae Ailanthus altissimatree-of-heaven, Chinese sumac,

ailanthus, varnish-tree, copa-treeN-I? SE increased loc established weedy in waste places Vascular Tree Perennial

Smilacaceae Smilax herbaceaSmilax herbaceae var.

herbacea

carrion-flower, Jacob's-ladder,

smooth herbaceous greenbrierY CCu S5 declined? only HuV,where common woods and thickets Vascular

Vine,

Forb/herbPerennial


p. 42 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Smilacaceae Smilax hispida Smilax tamnoides bristly greenbrier Y CCu R S5 same? loc abund swamps near HuR VascularVine,

Forb/herbPerennial

Smilacaceae Smilax rotundifolia

roundleaf greenbrier, common

greenbrier, common catbrier, horse-

brier, bull-brier

Y CCr S5 not seen r, one record Vascular Vine Perennial

Solanaceae Datura stramonium

jimsonweed, common thorn-apple,

Jamestown weed, purple thorn-

apple

N SE decreased c weed, cult or wast ground Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Solanaceae Physalis heterophylla clammy ground-cherry Y CCu S5 declined? only HuV, local roadsides, clearings, dry soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

SolanaceaePhysalis longifolia var.

subglabrataPhysalis subglabrata longleaf ground-cherry Y CCu S4 declined? only HuV, occ dry soil Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

SolanaceaePhysalis pubescens var.

integrifolialow-hairy ground-cherry Y CCr S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Solanaceae Solanum carolinense horsenettle, Carolina horsenettle Y CCu S5 increased! r cult or waste grounds Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Solanaceae Solanum dulcamara

bittersweet nightshade, climbing

nightshade, trailing nightshade,

bittersweet

N SE same c waste places and swamps Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Solanaceae Solanum nigrum Solanum americanum black nightshade N SE same occ weed in cult grds and waste places Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Solanaceae Solanum ptycanthum black nightshade Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Sparganiaceae Sparganium americanum American bur-reed Y S5 same freqmuddy borders of ponds and


Sparganiaceae Sparganium androcladum branching bur-reed Y CCr? S3S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Sparganiaceae Sparganium angustifolium narrow-leaf bur-reed Y CCu? S3S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Sparganiaceae Sparganium emersum Sparganium chlorocarpum unbranched bur-reed Y CCu S5 same?poorly known, less freq

than S.americanumVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Sparganiaceae Sparganium eurycarpum large bur-reed Y CCu S5 same loc abund tidal marshes, HuV Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Staphyleaceae Staphylea trifolia bladdernut, American bladdernut Y CCu S5 declined only Hu&HaV, freqmoist or rocky woods, often on rich

or calc. soilVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial

Styracaceae Halesia carolina silver bells, possomwood N SE not seen not in FCC Vascular Tree Perennial

Taxaceae Taxus canadensisyew, Canada yew, ground

hemlock, American yewY CCr S S5 declined infreq cool shady or swampy woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris connectilisThelypteris phegopteris,

Dryopteris phegopterisnorthern beech fern Y CCu R S5 declined only NE >300m, freq cool ravines, rocky streams Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris hexagonoptera

Thelypteris

hexagonoptera, Dryopteris

hexagonoptera

broad beech fern Y CCu S S4S5 declined only HuV, freq clays Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris noveboracensisDryopteris

noveboracensisNew York fern Y S5 same freq dry woods Vascular-FernFern Perennial

ThelypteridaceaeThelypteris palustris var.

pubescensDryopteris thelypteris marsh fern Y S5 same c wet places Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris simulata Dryopteris simulata bog fern, Massachusetts fern Y CCr S3S4 same? r sphagnous hummocks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Thymeliaceae Daphne mezereum daphne, February daphne N SE increased r, one record VascularSubshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Thymeliaceae Dirca palustris leatherwood, eastern leatherwood Y CCu R S5 declined freq rich moist woods Vascular Shrub Perennial

Tiliaceae Tilia americana basswood, American basswood Y S5 same c rich or rocky woods Vascular Tree Perennial

Trapaceae Trapa natans water chestnut N-I SE5 increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Typhaceae Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cattail N-I? S5 increasedabund along HuR, else

localtidal marshes, locally elsewhere Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Typhaceae Typha latifolia broad-leaf cattail Y S5 same c wet or swampy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Typhaceae Typha x glauca hybrid cattail N SE5 increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Ulmaceae Celtis occidentalis hackberry, common hackberry Y CCu S S4 same loc abundrocky bluffs and ridges, shale and

limestoneVascular Tree, Shrub Perennial


p. 43 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Ulmaceae Ulmus americana American elm Y S5 same cmoist woods and swampy land, or

dry soilVascular Tree Perennial

Ulmaceae Ulmus rubra slippery elm Y CCg S5 same only Hu&HaV, freq moist woods and along creeks Vascular Tree Perennial

Ulmaceae Ulmus thomasii rock elm Y CCr S2S3 not seen no certain CC record Vascular Tree Perennial

Urticaceae Boehmeria cylindrica false nettle, bog hemp Y S5 same c swamps and wet woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Urticaceae Laportea canadensis wood nettle Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq swampy woods and cool ravines Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Urticaceae Parietaria pensylvanica Pennsylvania pellitory Y CCr R S5 not seen r dry ledges Vascular Herbaceous Annual

Urticaceae Pilea fontana springs clearweed Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Urticaceae Pilea pumilaclearweed, richweed, Canada

clearweed, cool-wortY S5 same c wet, shady places Vascular Forb/herb Annual

Urticaceae Urtica dioica stinging nettle Y/N S5 same freqthickets, roadsides, boarders of

woodlandsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Valerianaceae Valeriana officinalis common valerian N SE increased not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Valerianaceae Valeriana uliginosaValeriana sitchensis var.

uliginosamarsh valerian Y CCr S1S2 declined? loc abund calc marshes Vascular Shrub Perennial

Verbenaceae Phryma leptostachya lopseed Y CCu R S5 declined? freq moist soil in woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Verbenaceae Verbena hastatablue vervain, swamp verbena,

simpler's-joyY CCu S5 declined c pastures and wet places Vascular Herbaceous Biennial

Verbenaceae Verbena simplexnarrow-leaved vervain, narrowleaf

vervainY CCr R S4 not seen r, one record dry shaly slope Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Verbenaceae Verbena urticifolia white vervain Y S5 same c weedy, waste places and pastures Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Verbenaceae Verbena x engelmannii vervain hybrid Y CCr S1? increased? not in FCC Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Hybanthus concolor green-violet, eastern green-violet Y CCr S3S4 not seen r, one record cool moist woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Violaceae Viola affinis sand violet Y CCu S5 not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Violaceae Viola blanda Viola incognita sweet white violet Y CCu SNR declined? c cool moist woods, rich soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

ViolaceaeViola canadensis var.

canadensisViola canadensis

Canada violet, Canadian white

violetY CCu S5 same infreq rich moist woods, calc. Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola cucullata marsh blue violet Y CCu S5 declined? freq wet open places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola labradorica Viola conspersa dog violet, alpine violet, American

dog violetY CCu? S3S5 declined? c moist rich woods Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Violaceae Viola pallensViola macloskeyi var.

pallenssmooth white violet Y CCu S5 declined? freq springy places Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola palmata early blue violet Y CCu S5 declined? c rich wooded hillsides Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola pubescens (incl. two varieties)yellow wood violet, downy yellow

violetY S5 same c rich woods, dry or moist soil Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Violaceae Viola renifolia V. renifolia var. brainerdii kidney-leaf white violet Y CCu S5 increased? not in FCC cool, calc. rocky woods (FNYA) Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola rostrata long-spur violet Y CCu S5 declined? only E, freq dry sunny rocky woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola rotundifolia roundleaf violet Y CCu R? S5 declined? only E, where common cool moist woods Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola sagittata var. ovata Viola fimbriatula arrow-leaved violet Y CCu S4 declined? c dry fields and pastures Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola sagittata var. sagittata Viola sagittata arrow-leaved violet Y CCu S4 declined? c dry fields and pastures Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola septentrionalis northern blue violet Y CCu S5 declined only E, freqmoist woods and upland pastures

and meadowsVascular Forb/herb Perennial

Violaceae Viola sororia incl. Viola papilionaceae common violet Y S5 same cmeadows and thickets in moist or

dry soilVascular Herbaceous Perennial

Violaceae Viola subsinuata palmate-leaved violet Y CCu S5 increased not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Violaceae Viola x parca violet Y CCr? SNR not seen not in FCC Vascular Herbaceous Perennial

Viscaceae Arceuthobium pusillum dwarf mistletoe Y CCr S3? not seen rparasitic on P. mariana, Sphagnum

bogsVascular

Subshrub,

ShrubPerennial

Vitaceae Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper Y S5 same c woodlands and fence rows Vascular Vine Perennial

Vitaceae Parthenocissus vitacea woodbine Y CCu S5 same poorly known with P.quinquefolia Vascular Vine Perennial


p. 44 of 44


Na

tive

(Y

/N)

Inva

siv

e (

N-I

)

Sp

ec S

tatu

sC

C

Re

gio

na

l R

an

k

Sta

te R

an

k


Vitaceae Vitis aestivalis Vitis aestivalis summer grape Y CCu S5 same? infreq, rather local woods and thickets Vascular Vine Perennial

Vitaceae Vitis labrusca northern fox grape Y S5 same freq woods and thickets Vascular Vine Perennial

Vitaceae Vitis riparia riverbank grape, frost grape Y S5 same c woods and thickets, fence rows Vascular Vine Perennial

Vitaceae Vitis vulpina winter grape Y ?CC S1 not seen not in FCC Vascular Vine Perennial

Vitaceae Vitis x labruscana grape Y CCu? SNR not seen not in FCC Vascular Vine Perennial

Vitaceae Vitis x novae-angliae New England grape Y CCr S2? not seen not in FCC Vascular Vine Perennial

WoodsiaceaeAthyrium filix-femina ssp.

angustumAthyrium angustum lady fern Y S5 same c wet places, dry woods, roadsides Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Cystopteris bulbifera bulblet fern Y CCu S5 same loc abundmoist rich soil in rocky woods,

limestoneVascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Cystopteris fragilis fragile fern Y CCu S4 declined? freq rocky woods and on rocks Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Cystopteris tenuis Mackay's fragile fern Y CCr? S4 not seen not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Deparia acrostichoides Athyrium thelypteroidessilvery glade fern, silvery

spleenwortY CCu R S5 declined? freq rich moist woods, cool ravines Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Diplazium pycnocarpon Athyrium pycnocarpon glade fern Y CCr S4 increased? not in FCC Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Gymnocarpium dryopteris Dryopteris disjuncta northern oak fern Y CCr R? S4S5 same? r high hills Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Woodsia ilvensis rusty woodsia Y CCr R? S5 declined? freqexposed rocks and bluffs, slightly

acidVascular-FernFern Perennial

Woodsiaceae Woodsia obtusa Woodsia obtusa blunt-lobe woodsia Y CCr R? S5 declined? freq rocky woods and on cliffs, dry soil Vascular-FernFern Perennial

Xyridaceae Xyris difformis Xyris carolinianabog yellow-eyed grass, Carolina

yellow-eyed-grassY CCr R? S4 not seen r sphagnum bogs Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Zannichelliaceae Zannichellia palustris horned pondweed Y CCu S? S5 same? local mud and shallow water HuR Vascular Forb/herb Perennial

Documents

Checklist of Plants of Columbia Countyhvfarmscape.org/sites/default/files/cc_plants_may_2014.pdf · 2014-05-13 · Checklist of Plants of Columbia County (draft May 2014, compiled