Chapter 9, Lesson 4

Southeast Asia:

History & Culture

It Matters Because:The varied cultures of Southeast Asia

have been shaped by outside influences and, in turn, have shaped

other cultures.

I. Geography

A. SE Asia made of two major geographic areas1. Mainland of many peninsulas

a. mountainous with rich, fertile valleysb. populated coasts

2. Large archipelagoa. mountainous islandsb. many active volcanoes, making soil fertilec. earthquakes common, cause tsunamisd. tsunami - massive wave caused by underwater

earthquake

II. Early Civilizations

A. Early people grew rice, raised cattle & pigs, made metal goodsB. Practiced animism, belief that everything, living & non- living, has a spirit

1. Practiced rituals to honor ancestors, animal & nature spirits

C. Developed own textiles, music, theaterD. In AD 100s, Hindus arrived from India & set up trade networks

III. Kingdoms & EmpiresA. Vietnam located on east coast of Indochinese peninsula

1. In early 900s, Viet people won independence from China

B. Khmer civilization founded in present-day Cambodia1. Became wealthy growing rice2. Kings seen as gods3. Greatest building achievement was Angkor Wat

a. temple, tomb, astronomical observatory

C. Thai kingdom was center of learning & arts1. Chinese merchants taught making of porcelain2. Hinduism influenced politics, dance, literature3. Important center of Buddhist learning, culture4. Traded teak wood, salt, spices, animal hides

III. Kingdoms & Empires