Chapter 2 Introduction to Construction

Procedureshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rf-NKGqRig4

Introduction• Architect or designer

• Plan preparation• Zone changes• Permit applications• Bonding requirements• Client’s financial statement and lender’s approval• Contractor’s estimates• Bid procurement• FHA, HUD, VA

Plan Approval & Loan Application– Plot plan– Prints (4 Elevations, Foundation, Wall

Sections, Roof, Cross Sections, Cabinet Elevations, Details, Electrical/ Heating)

– Specifications– Res Check– Gas line Diagram– Proposed sale price

Building Permits

• Responsibility of application can fall to the architect, designer, or builder

• Basic form identifying:– Major characteristics of structure– Legal description– Property location– Applicant information

Building Permits (cont’d.)• Application usually includes two sets of

plans and up to five sets of plot plans

• Fee depends on construction cost– Determined by local building official– Based on a standard schedule – Divided into:

• Plan-check fee paid upon application • Building-permit fee paid when permit is received

Contracts• May be complex documents or short forms

– Agreement between client, general contractor, and architect

• Main concern is that all parties understand:– Project to be completed – Period of time– Cost

Contracts (cont’d.)• Completion date

– Stages and payments

• Surveys– Determine boundaries, area, elevations of

land, structures, and other features

• Insurance– Liability and performance bond– Workers’ compensation

Construction Estimates• Statement of probable construction cost

– Prepared by architect or designer during design process

– Gives approximation of expected construction cost

– Figure 2-1

Construction Estimates (cont’d.)• Construction estimating

– Analysis of construction cost – Based on a detailed examination of materials

and labor for all work– Estimate elements are referred to as a

takeoff• Carefully identifies materials for specific aspects

(e.g., lumber takeoff)

Construction Estimates (cont’d.)• Construction bids

– Architect, designer, or general contractor seeks estimates from subcontractors

• Subcontractors complete specific aspects

– Become part of legal documents• Plans, specifications, contracts, and bids

Construction Estimates

Construction Inspections• Regularly scheduled code inspections

– Required during specific phases of construction • Ensures methods and materials meet code

requirements

• Foundation

• Framing

• 4-way Inspection

• Insulation

• Final

2011 Contractor Awards