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7/31/2019 Case Study Staircase
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CASE STUDY
INTRODUCTION
In this Staircases Work study, we in a group are needed to come to the construction site to make
some research about what we had study in the staircase topic practically. Besides, we also want to
gain a new knowledge and experience on how the construction of staircase made on the site. We
had decided to choose Sri Pulai Perdana 2 as our site to make this research. We choose Sri Pulai
Perdana 2 as our project site because it was among the nearest construction site from Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia that built up the residential area. Besides, the side was doing our part of
research which is staircase while we searching for sites. The construction sites members also very
kind for giving us permission to complete our project and help to answer all our questions about
staircases work.
FIGURE 29 : FRONTVIEW OF THE SITE
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BACKGROUND
Sri Pulai Perdana 2 is a premium upmarket housing development catering to the discerning and
privileged. Comprising a development mix of contemporary housing design to meet the needs of an
aspiring state, Sri Pulai Perdana 2 embraces the concept and lifestyle of garden resort living in a
relaxed and care-free setting where distinctive feature of an exclusive Clubhouse with swimming
pool and gym will make garden resort living a healthy and truly enjoyable experience for
residents and guest. The upmarket residential component will be fully equipped with gated
and guarded facilities and Sri Pulai Perdana 2 will be another showpiece of Iskandar
Malaysia. This beautiful freehold residence has easy access to the North-South Highway,
Sultan Ismail Airport, the Second Link and other surrounding housing areas. It also provides
an easier way to go shopping (Jusco, Taman Universiti and U mall) which can be accessed
only with 10 minutes. It is among the nearest residential area with the high class university
(Universiti Teknologi Malaysia).
FIGURE 30 : LOCATION MAP
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CONSTRUCTION TEAM
Company
Sri Pulai Perdana 2 is under company Mah sing Group Properties project. The corporate
headquarters is located at Wisma Mah Sing, Penthouse Suite 1, No 163, Jalan Sungei
Besi, 57100 Kuala Lumpur. Mah Sing Group is an investment holding company while its
subsidiaries principle activities involve property developments and investments. It was
incorporated since 1991 and listed on the Main Board of the Bursa Malaysia. Mah Sing
Group Berhad is Malaysias leading developer at the forefront of building quality homes
and prime commercial projects in strategic locations.
Site Manager
Encik Azman is the site manager of this project. He needs to monitor all the work made
by contractor. He also manages all the materials orders that arrived at the site. He is the
one we deal with for coming at this site. He told us lots of thing about how staircases
work being carried on site. We did get lot of information from him.
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STAIRCASES WORK
TYPE OF STAIR USED
According to the site manager, Mr. Azman, the type of stair used at this construction site of
Sri Pulai Perdana 2, is a closed treads and risers straight flight stairs. There is a landing at
each consecutive floor.
FIGURE 31 : THE STRAIGHT FLIGHT STAIRS
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MATERIALS USED AT THE CONSTRUCTION SITE
1. CONCRETE Ready mix concrete is being used as the concrete for this construction site. The grade of concrete used is Grade 25 which using the ratio of 1:1:5:3 1 cement : 1 sand : 5 aggregates : 3 water
FIGURE 32 : READY MIX COCNRETE
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2. REINFORCEMENT Using mild steel and high tensile Used to be foundation for the staircase, supports and keeps strengthen of the staircase
and also functions to receive the load of the staircases.
FIGURE 33 : REINFORCEMENT OF STAIRCASE
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3. FORMWORK Using plywood and timber Gives shape to the staircase
FIGURE 34 : FORMWORK
4. HAMMER Used to knock the nails into the formwork
FIGURE 35 : HAMMER
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5. NAILS AND SCREWS To join the formwork of the staircases
FIGURE 36 : SCREWS
FIGURE 37 : NAILS
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6. FLOAT TROWEL Smoothening the surface of concrete
FIGURE 38 : FLOAT TROWEL
7. SAW To cut the formwork into the size which suite the best
FIGURE 39 : SAW
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8. BINDER To bind the spacer and the reinforcement
FIGURE 40 : BINDER
9. SPACER Being tied with the reinforcement to give space for the concrete to flow in the middle of
them.
FIGURE 41 : SPACER
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=binding+wireshttp://www.bing.com/images/search?q=binding+wires7/31/2019 Case Study Staircase
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10.MEASURING TAPE To measure the height and width of risers and treads of each of the stairs.
FIGURE 42 : MEASURING TAPE
11.SPIRIT BUBBLED To make sure that the level of the staircase constructed is just the same
FIGURE 43 : SPIRIT BUBBLED
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CONSTRUCTION OF STAIRCASES
First, the supports such as soffits and struts have to be set up. This supports must strong
enough to support the load from formwork and concrete. Then, the formwork which made of
timbers and ply woods will be installed. The formwork acts like a mould. It gives shape to the
staircase.
FIGURE 32 : FORMWORK FOR STAIRS
FIGURE 33 : SCALFOLDING OF STAIRS
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After the formwork is already installed, the spacers will be put at the formwork first. The
reinforcement will be put in the formwork. Spacers will be tie together with reinforcement so
that the reinforcement will be in the middle of the concrete. Reinforcement at the ground
floor slab will be connected to the reinforcement of the staircase. Reinforcement from the
slab will be tied up with the staircases reinforcement. Reinforcement from the slab is
important to make sure that the staircase always connects to the slab and will not fall over.
Then reinforcement will be tied up using the wires and mild steel. The reinforcement will be
put layer by layer to make sure that the stair is strong to withstand the loads. The function of
the reinforcement is to give internal support to the concrete stair.
FIGURE 34 : SPACER THAT TIED WITH REINFORCEMENT
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FIGURE 35 : REINFORMENT IS INSTALLED
FIGURE 36 : INSTALLATION OF REINFORMENT
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FIGURE 37 : LAYERED OF REINFORCEMENT
FIGURE 38 : MILD STEEL TIED THE HIGH TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
After the reinforcement is already putted in the formwork, the risers is being installed. The
horizontal formwork will install first because they will act as the mould to steps
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FIGURE 39 : FORMWORK OF RISER IS BEING INSTALLED
FIGURE 40 : COMPLETE INSTALLED FORMWORK
After that, the concreting process is followed. . The process of concreting will start from the
up to down. The concrete will be pour from upper level to the lower level. This enables the
concrete flows through the risers and the space below the risers. After that, the concrete is
vibrated so that the concrete is compressed.
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FIGURE 41 : POURING AND VIBRATING THE CONCRETE
After that, the concrete is smoothening by using the float and left to dry for few days. After
the hardening and drying process of the concrete, the formwork of the stairs will be opened.
The side formwork will be opened first followed by the horizontal formwork. The complete
concrete staircase is done.
FIGURE 42 : COMPLETE STAIRS AFTER FORMWORK BEING REMOVED
For the finishes of the stairs, they only used the cement screeds as shown below.
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FIGURE 43 : CEMENT SCREEDS FOR THE STAIRS