California’sDiesel Retrofit Program

California’sDiesel Retrofit Program

Tom Cackette

FACA Mobile Source Sub-CommitteeJanuary 17, 2001

California Environmental Protection AgencyCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency

Air Resources BoardAir Resources Board

70% of Air Toxic Risk From Diesels70% of Air Toxic Risk From Diesels

Diesel PM (70%) Other Air Toxics (30%)1,3 Butadiene (10%)Benzene(8%)Carbon Tetrachloride (4%)Formaldehyde (3%)Hexavalent Chromium (2%)All Others (3%)

540 / million risk:70%

220 / million risk

Diesel PM Emissions

0200004000060000

Tons

/yea

r

1990 2000 2010 2020Off-road On-road Stationary

Statewide

Current Regulations

Diesel Risk Reduction Plan

◆ Adopted September, 2000◆ Goal:

◆ Reduce risk of exposure to diesel PM to near zero◆ Apply PM controls to all diesel engines◆ Integrate with NOx reduction efforts (SIP)

PM Emissions and Risk Reduced: 75+% w/ Plan

0

20

40

60

80

100

2000 2010 2020

Year

Rel

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ance

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w/o PlanPlan

Elements of the Diesel Plan

◆ Reduce emissions from new engines!Trucks"Off-road

!Provide ultra-low sulfur fuel (<15ppm)!Available in CA now

◆ Ensure in-use emission performance◆ Require retrofit of existing engines w/ filters

Diesel PM In-Use Retrofit Program

◆ Achieves 80% of Plan’s reductions (2010)◆ Retrofit every Diesel in California w/ filters

◆ Feasibility◆ Exposure

◆ Approaches◆ Regulation◆ Incentive funds◆ Voluntary action

◆ Effectiveness◆ Minimum 85% PM reduction/vehicle◆ Get NOx reduction when feasible

Diesel Particulate Filter Technology

ImplementationFilter Retrofits

◆ Regulation◆ Urban transit buses

◆ 4500 filter retrofits starting 2003◆ New engines - filters required 2002

◆ Trash trucks◆ Regulation under development

◆ Permit conditions◆ e.g. major construction projects

Implementation (cont.)

◆ Incentive funding◆ School buses

◆ $12.5 million◆ ~2000 filter retrofits, beginning 2001

◆ Moyer program◆ $100 million FY01/02◆ Incremental cost of new, repower, retrofit paid◆ NOx focus◆ PM filters where feasible

Implementation (cont.)

◆ Voluntary◆ City of Los Angeles

◆ 1300 vehicles

◆ Caltrans (state DoT)◆ Clean new purchases (e.g. LPG)◆ Retrofit filters (~600)

◆ Need recognition for others◆ Labeling◆ Publicity

Demonstration Programs SupportImplementation

◆ BP ECD - (# vehicles with filters)

◆ Ralph’s grocery trucks (10)◆ BP tanker trucks (10)◆ LA County MTA (4)◆ Hertz equipment rental (10)◆ LA City Sanitation (10)◆ People movers/local amusement park (10)◆ School busses San Diego (10)

◆ School Busses LA (39)◆ Construction equipment (19)

Ralph’s Grocery Fleet DemoLow Sulfur Fuel & PM Filters

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0.15

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0.25

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0.35

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PM HC NOx/100

CARBECDDPXCRT

CARB = ~ 150 ppm S

ECD = <15 ppm SCity Suburban Heavy Vehicle Route

Technical Support & Outreach

◆ International Advisory Committee◆ Certification of retrofit devices◆ Testing and evaluation◆ Application assessment◆ Partnership with local agencies◆ Coordination with U.S. EPA’s program

EPA’s Help Needed

◆ Adopt filter-based PM standards for new off-roadengines◆ Tier 3 off-road engines - ~2006◆ Tier 4 standards similar to trucks (NOx too!)

◆ Ultra-low sulfur fuel for off-road◆ 5000 ppm sulfur standard now◆ <15 ppm needed

◆ Implement retrofit program◆ Encourage 85%+ PM control devices

BenefitsBenefitsPlan will reduce:•PM emissions•Cancer risk•Respiratory impact

Other benefits include:•Improved visibility•Reduced soiling

For More Information

◆ Diesel Risk Reduction Website◆ www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/diesel/diesel.htm◆ Sign up to receive notices

◆ Talk to a real person ((626-575-6973), or ____@arb.ca.gov

◆ Annette Hebert - Manager, In-use Diesel ControlBranch

◆ G. Scott Rowland - Manager, Assessment Section◆ Nancy Steele, PhD - Manager, Implementation Section