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Broadband Indicators

ICT4All November 23rd, 2009Hammamet, Tunisia

Facts Using Indicators• The number of broadband subscribers around the globe,

on either fixed or mobile connections, is likely to exceed one billion for the first time during 2009. (OECD)

• For every 10 percentage-point increase in broadband penetration, GDP growth can increase by up to 1.38 percent (World Bank 2009)

• One fibre optic strand the width of a human hair currently has the capacity to support 3 billion simultaneous phone conversations. That is equivalent to every person in the world on the phone with someone else at the same time (OECD).

• Performance/price of broadband connections is continuing to double every 12-15 months on average (OECD).

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ICT Core IndicatorsThe “ICT Core Indicators” are the international common denominator

• A4 - Fixed broadband Internet subscribers per 100 inhabitants• A5 - Mobile broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants• A6 - International Internet bandwidth per inhabitant

(bits/sec/person)• A8 - Fixed broadband Internet access tariffs (per month), in

US$, and as a percentage of monthly per capita income• HH11 - Proportion of households with access to the Internet

by type of access (narrowband, broadband (fixed, mobile))• B9 - Proportion of businesses using the Internet by type of

access (narrowband, broadband (fixed, mobile))

The Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development

Indicators Logic Model

Outcomes • Intermediate effects of outputs on clients

Outputs• Immediate products and

services produced

Activities• Tasks undertaken to

transform inputs to outputs

Inputs• Financial, human, and

material resources

Impacts• Long-term, macro,

widespread improvement in society

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Binnendijk, 2000

Rural Rollout of Broadband Example

Outcomes• Time savings for rural inhabitants; Cost

savings for rural inhabitants; Increase in broadband-enabled SME activity in rural areas; Increase in ICT skills in rural areas

Outputs • Increase in % of population covered by broadband services; increase in bandwidth available in rural areas

Activities • Rolling out the network

Inputs• Money, engineers, Private

Sector partner, hardware, software, USF, Regulation

Impacts• Increase in GNI/cap in

rural areas; reduction of poverty

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Binnendijk, 2000

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Specifically BroadbandPublic Sector View: Policy

• Sector Structure:Competition / Regulation

• Penetration / Usage• Universal Access / Rural• Quality, Speed• Affordability• BB Applications / BB as

Enabler of other Sectors / BB as Service Delivery Tool

• Education / Skills

Private Sector View: Profit• New Subscribers• Technology types• Network speed• Spectrum allocation• Next generation, Killer Apps• Capex, Investment• ROI, ARPU• Performance to Price ratio• Investment Climate / Risk

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Sector Structure / Competition / Regulation• Sector Structure – Monopoly, Partial, Competition

E.g. for Fixed Wireless Broadband, Ethiopia = M; Algeria = P; Ghana = C. (ITU)

• Number of OperatorsEgypt: Number of Broadband operators = 8 (NTRA)

• Unbundling the Local Loop? • Universal Access?• Spectrum Management?

In short Indicators on policies and regulations that close market

gaps and make markets work, often not quantitative

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Penetration / Usage• Overall Penetration

Fixed / Mobile Broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants (ITU)

• IndividualHouseholds with broadband access (%) (OECD)

• BusinessesBusiness broadband penetration (OECD)

• Community Access (kiosks, post office, schools)Schools with Broadband Access (% of total schools) ITU 2008

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Broadband Subscribers in Egypt and Turkey

NTRA 2009

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Quality / Speed• International Internet bandwidth per inhabitant

(bits/sec/person)• Average advertised download speeds, by

technology (e.g. DSL, Cable, Fibre)• Average advertised upload speeds, by technology • Fastest advertised connection offered by the

incumbent operator • Bit/data cap limits, average among surveyed firms

with caps, by technology

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Universal CoverageMbps / Have and Have-Nots in the UK

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Affordability• Variety due to packages with different speeds,

bit caps, technology, billing methods of post/prepaid.

• ITU uses price baskets. • OECD has uses average monthly subscription

price for very (a) low-speed, (b) medium-speed, (c) high-speed, (d) very high-speed connections

• Tariffs as % of GNI/cap• What we would like to see is low prices as % of

GNI/cap = affordable broadband.

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Fixed Broadband Tariffs in EU

Analysis Mason. Ultra-fast broadband means downstream bandwidth of 30Mbps or more.

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MNA Broadband Prices

Arab Advisors Group (residential, 256 kbs)

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Affordability of Residential Broadband

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BB as Enabler• Quantify the impact on delivery of through

Applications – eHealth, Distance Learning, m-Banking

• Study of BB as enabler of other Sectors, e.g. through Trade

• Requires: Digital literacy, ICT skills development, ICT Education, Private Sector Development.

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Private Sector Focus: Technology

• Wired: VDSL/ADSL, cable networks, fiber optic, Powerline

• Wireless: Mobile 3G 4G, WiMAX, Satellite• International (submarine), domestic (backbone) and last

mile• Sharing infrastructure (roads, electricity, water,

sewerage, railroads, towers, ducts)• E.g. Fibre networks are likely to generate 20–30% more

ARPU than DSL networks (Analysys Mason 2009).

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Analysis Mason

Typical costs of providing WiMAX coverage for a large population using 2.5GHz or3.5GHz spectrum: to provide good outdoor coverage using 3.5GHz, rather than 2.5GHz, spectrum results in a substantial 33% increase in associated costs. If indoor coverage is added to the equation, the cost of using 3.5GHz spectrum is 73% higher than if using 2.5GHz spectrum

Mobile Broadband: Spectrum / Costs Factors

Thank you

Anat Lewinalewin@worldbank.org