17th UPDEA Congress Yasmine Hammamet - TUNISIA Development of Electricity Grid Interconnections Strengths, Assessments of Exchanges and Prospects for Côte

17th UPDEA Congress

Yasmine Hammamet - TUNISIA

Development of Electricity Grid Interconnections

Strengths, Assessments of Exchanges and Prospects for Côte d’Ivoire --------------------

VANIE BI TIECOURA – KOUASSI LEON PAUL - SOPIE

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Location of RCI

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Map of Côte d’Ivoire (19 regions)

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Institutional Framework for the Power Sector

LEGISLATION ON THE POWER SECTOR

* Law n° 85 – 583 of 29 July 1985;

Under Article I of Law n° 85-583 of 29 July 1985, the

transmission and distribution of electricity across Côte d’Ivoire,

as well as the import and export are a State monopoly.

Power generation, however, is not a State monopoly, factor

allowing the introduction of IPPs.

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Institutional Framework for the Electricity Sector

STATE PLAYERS

* General Energy Directorate - DGE

* National Regulator of the Electricity Sector - ANARE* Managing Company for the Electricity Sector Assets - SOGEPE* Ivorian Electricity Operation Company - SOPIE

PRIVATE OPERATORS* Ivorian Electricity Company - CIE* Ivorian Company for Electricity Generation – CIPREL (321 MW)* AZITO – Energie (296 MW)* Aggreko (70 MW on lease)*Natural gas producers: Foxtrot, Afren, CNR

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Institutional Set-up

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Key Figures for 2009

Hydropower plants : 604 MW

Thermal plants : 787 MW

TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY : 1 391 MW

225-kV line : 1 668 km

90-kV line : 2 528 km

High voltage stations : 44

Gross production 2009 : 5797 GWh

Peak power : 857 MW

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Côte d’Ivoire’s Assets and Potentials

GENERATION PARK

* Hydropower plantsThe installed capacity of the hydropower generation fleet is of 604 MW, breaking down as follows: i- Ayamé1 (20 MW), ii- Ayamé2 (30 MW), iii- Kossou (174 MW), iv- Taabo (210 MW), v) Buyo (165 MW), and vi- Fayé (5 MW).

* Thermal plants The installed capacity of the thermal generation fleet is of 787 MW, breaking down as follows : i- Vridi (100 MW), ii- Ciprel (321 MW), iii-Azito (296 MW), and iv- Aggreko (70 MW, on lease).

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ELECTRICITY GRID

The Ivorian electricity grid is comprised of lines of transmission, interconnection and distribution as well as transformer stations:

* HV Network

i- 225-kV line (1 668 km), ii- 225-kV interconnection line (218 km), iii- 90-kV line (2 528 km).

* MV Network iv- MV network (18 573 km), v- LV network (15 446 km), vi- HV/MV substations (44), vii- MV/MV substations (58), viii- MV/LV substations (8002).

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Ivorian Electrical Grid

LIBERIA

GUINEEHydroélectriques

Vers VRA

FERKESSEDOUGOU

BOUAKE 2

KOSSOU

TAABO

LABOA

MAN

BUYO

SOUBRE

SAN-PEDRO

AGBOVILLE

ODIENNEBOUNDIALI KORHOGO

SEGUELA

DANANE

MARABADIASSASEREBOU

BONDOUKOU

DIMBOKRO

ATTAKRO

FAYE

DALOA

ZUENOULAAGNIBILEKRO

ABENGOUROU

AYAME1&2DIVO

GD-BASSAM

DABOU

GAGNOA

ABIDJAN

GHANA

MALI

BURKINA FASO

PRESTEA

165 MW

5 MW

174 MW

210 MW

20+30 MW

TAC 86 MW VridiTAC 321 MW ( CIPREL Vridi)TAC 296 MW ( AZITO )

ABOBO

VRIDI

YOPOUGON2

PlateauRIVIERA

Treichville

Bia-sud

Bia-nord

RESEAU ABIDJAN

Poste existant

LEGENDE

Thermique

225 kV 90 kV

Poste en projet

Ligne existante

Ligne en projet

CENTRALES

RESEAU ELECTRIQUE DE LA COTE D’IVOIRE

YAMOUSSOKRO

AZITO

ZAGNE

Anani

Yopougon1

Vers Agboville

Vers Bongo

ABROBAKRO

BONGO

Djibi

Vers Dabou

Vers Gd Bassam

Vers Taabo

ABATTA

TONGON

BOUAKE 1

Sir

HIRE

Vers Anoumabo

330 kV

Hydroélectrique

Existante En projet

TAV 150 à 200 MW (AZITO)TACC 100 à 150 MW TACC 450 MW

270 MW

TAV 150 à 200 MW (AZITO)TACC 100 à 150 MW TACC 450 MW TACC 120 MW

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HYDROPOWER GENERATION POTENTIAL

All the water bodies of Côte d’Ivoire were assessed to determine/ascertain the country’s hydropower generation potential. Thus, a summary preliminary study (SPS) was conducted on all the sites that could be equipped. It emerges from these studies that the theoretical hydropower generation of Côte d’Ivoire is estimated at 46 000 GWh.

The table below shows the list of sites that can be equipped.

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Hydropower Generation Sites SurveyedHydrpower generation sites assessed

SITES Water body Power(MW) Producible (GWh)

SOUBRE SASSANDRA 328 1 600

N'DIELIESSO COMOE 100 835

MALASSO COMOE 90 605

LOUGA SASSANDRA 280 1 330

SINGROBO BANDAMA 67 315

KOKUMBO BANDAMA 78 350

BOULOUMERE SASSANDRA 156 785

DABOITIER SASSANDRA 91 375

GRIBOPOPOLI SASSANDRA 112 515

TIASSALE BANDAMA 51 215

TAHIBLI CAVALLY 20 100

TAYABOUI SASSANDRA 100 515

KOUROUKORO SASSANDRA 32 215

BROU ATAKRO BANDAMA 90 410

GAO SASSANDRA 74 475

DROU SASSANDRA 16 11

TIBOTO CAVALLY 220 1 500

TOTAL 1 905 10 151

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Assessment of Interconnections

Côte d’Ivoire – Ghana Interconnection

In 1983-1993Côte d’Ivoire used to import power. Its imports decreased from 310 GWh in 1984 to 59 GWh in 1993, that is a regular trend towards self-reliance in the field of energy.

In 1994-2010Côte d’Ivoire was a net exporter of power to Ghana. Its exports grew from 14 GWh in 1994 to 105 GWh in 2009, reaching a peak of 1219 GWh in 2002.Between 1984-2009, a total of 7 502 GWh of electrical power was exchanged between both countries.

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Assessment of Interconnections.

-1 400,0-1 200,0-1 000,0

-800,0-600,0-400,0-200,0

0,0200,0400,0600,0

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

Côte d'Ivoire - Ghana Interconnection (GWh)

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Côte d’Ivoire – Togo/Benin Interconnection

Côte d’Ivoire was a net exporter of power to the CEB (Benin Electric Community) by 1955. The export of power transits through Ghana, via the interconnection grid. The electrical energy exports to the CEB increased from 172 GWh in 1995 to 154 GWh in 2009, experiencing a peak of 577 GWh in 2001. In 1998, no power was exported to the CEB.

In 1995-2009, the CEB was supplied a total of 3 854 GWh of electrical power.

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-700,0

-600,0

-500,0

-400,0

-300,0

-200,0

-100,0

0,0

Benin-Togo Interconnection (GWh)

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Côte d’Ivoire – Burkina Faso Interconnection

Côte d’Ivoire was a net power exporter to Burkina Faso by 2001. The exports of electrical power grew from 66 GWh in 2001 to 129 GWh in 2009, recording a peak of 135 GWh in 2006.

In 2001-2009, Côte d’Ivoire supplied a total of 975 GWh of electrical power to Burkina Faso.

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-160,0

-140,0

-120,0

-100,0

-80,0

-60,0

-40,0

-20,0

0,02001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Côte d'Ivoire - Burkina Faso Interconnection (GWh)

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Lessons Learnt

SELECTIVE POWER CUTSThese projects enable Côte d’Ivoire to cope with two serious power generation deficits

The first case was experienced in 1984 during the exceptional drought which reduced the hydropower generation potential of the Ivorian grid. The Ivorian electrical system was provided assistance by Ghana via the interconnection network.

The second case occurred in February-May 2010 when a 100-MW thermal power generator broke down at the AZITO power plant. Once again, Côte d’Ivoire was provided assistance by Ghana which supplied 88,8 GWh, that is 46 percent of the overall power shortage.

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Lessons Learnt

OPERATING MANUAL

The lessons learnt from an experience of over 25 years of practice served as a basis for drafting the Manual of Interconnection Operation enforced by the Western African Power Pool (WAPP).

The Operating Manuel was initially designed for the Zone A interconnected grids and was later on extended to all the Western African Power Pool (WAPP).

It seeks to ensure all the stakeholders of WAPP interconnected electrical grids operate correctly and efficiently the Western Africa interconnected network and take an equitable share in the obligations and advantages arising from the interconnection.

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Update on New Projects

Interconnection of Côte d’Ivoire – Mali Electrical Grids

Project Description and RationaleThe project of interconnection of the Côte d’Ivoire and Mali’s electrical grids aims to build a high voltage 225-kV electrical line, going from Ferkessédougou (Côte d'Ivoire) to Ségou (Mali) via Sikasso and Koutiala as well as to build transformer substations. The ultimate purpose is to increase the offer and reinforce safe electrical power supply to Mali (+80 MW) while reducing the costs of thermal power supplied (from 86 Fcfa/kW to 45).

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Technical Profile High-voltage line: Ferké-Sikasso-Koutiala-Ségou of 519-km long, 225 kV; Extension of the Ferké and Ségou substations; Construction of a 225/33/15 kV substation in Sikasso and Koutiala; Supply and installation of a 50-MVAr compensator; Institutional Support.

Status of ProgressThe project is underway. The Malian portion has already been completed.

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Interconnection of the CLSG Electrical Grids

Project Description and RationalThe project seeks at ensuring the interconnection of the electrical grids of Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea from the station in Man. It is in line with the implementation of the West African Power Pool (WAPP) projects aimed at reinforcing the exchanges of electrical power exchange between the countries in the region.

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Technical Profile The project will consist in the construction of a high-voltage transmission line of approximately 1100 km, the construction of ten (10) high-voltage stations including four (4) in Liberia, five (5) in Sierra Leone, one (1) in Guinea and the extension of two (2) high-voltage stations including one in Côte d’Ivoire (station in Man) and the other in Guinea.

Status of ProgressThe feasibility studies have been completed. The Consultant was mandated to draft a detailed design. The Western African Power Pool (WAPP) is currently seeking funding.

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Upgrading the Côte d’Ivoire – Ghana Interconnection into a 330-kV line

Project Description and RationaleIn the context of the Western Africa Electrical Energy Exchange System (WAEEES), the construction of interconnection line between Benin and Nigeria will help connect all the countries in the ECOWAS Zone A. The interconnection of Nigeria to the group of countries already connected, that is Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo and Benin is going to generate significant power transits between Côte d’Ivoire and Nigeria via Ghana, Togo and Benin. To cope with foreseeable high levels of transit, one should reinforce transit capacity between Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana with the construction of the second 330-kV interconnection line.

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Technical Profile The project involves the provision and deployment of equipment for:

The 330-kV line RIVIERA – PRESTEA of about 220 km, with 146 km in Côte d’Ivoire;

Establishment of a 330-kV node at the Riviera station; Installation of two (2) 330/225-kV transformers at the RIVIERA station; Extension of the 330-kV PRESTEA substation with the creation of 330-

kV spans; Installation of the related tele-transmission and metering equipment.

Status of ProgressFunded by the EIB through a grant to the WAPP, the studies are underway and shall lead to fund seeking for the execution of works.

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Conclusion

Interconnections did play a significant role of integrative factor. Indeed, in 1984-2009, over 12 000 GWh were exchanged with Ghana, le Burkina Faso, le Togo and Benin.These projects also enabled Côte d’Ivoire to cope with two cases of serious power generation deficits. The first occurred in 1983 during the exceptional drought which reduced the hydropower potential of the Ivorian electrical system while the second one occurred in 2009 when the 100-MW generator of the AZITO thermal plant broke down.Lessons learnt from over 25 years of practice served as a basis for drafting the Operating Manual of interconnections enforced by the Western African Power Pool (WAPP).The projects underway (Côte d’Ivoire – Mali and Côte d’Ivoire – Liberia - Sierra Leone – Guinea) will undoubtedly reinforce the development of interconnected grids in Africa.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Documents

17th UPDEA Congress Yasmine Hammamet - TUNISIA Development of Electricity Grid Interconnections Strengths, Assessments of Exchanges and Prospects for Côte