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BP’s Brand Image: The Past, the Deepwater Horizon Disaster, and the Future Rachel Mercer and Carlee Murphy, Fall 2010

BP’s Brand Image: The Past, the Deepwater Horizon Disaster

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Page 1: BP’s Brand Image: The Past, the Deepwater Horizon Disaster

BP’s Brand Image: The Past, the Deepwater Horizon Disaster, and the Future

Rachel Mercer and Carlee Murphy, Fall 2010

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Brand History

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How it All Started

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Early Executives

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Early BP Advertisement

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Advertising with a wider appeal

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WWII

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Petrol Crisis

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Exploring 

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Engineering Feats

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Let the Oil Flow

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Mergers

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Evolution of the Brand

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The BP Logo

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BP’s Brands

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Beyond PetroleumBetter People, Better Products, Big Picture...

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Developing a New Identity

• In 1998, British Petroleum merged with Amoco and wanted a new identity. 

• The helios mark was developed to symbolize the newly formed company.

• The new brand launched in July 2000. 

• BP became “Beyond Petroleum”

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The Helios

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Deepwater Horizon Explosion and Spill

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Deepwater Horizon Explosion and Spill

• Macondo Prospect

• Deepwater Horizon Rig

• Involved Parties

• Explosion & Spill

• Possible Causes

• Immediate Response

• Consequences

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Macondo Prospect

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Deepwater Horizon Rig

• Built by Hyundai Heavy Industries

• Fifth Generation deepwater rig

• Owned and operated by Transocean

Generation Water Depth Dates

First About 600ft Early 1960s

Second About 1000ft 1969‐ 1974

Third About 1500ft Early 1980s

Fourth About 3000ft 1990s

Fifth About 7500ft 1998‐2004

Sixth About 10000ft

2005‐2010

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SEMI‐SUBMERSIBLE

DRILLSHIP

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Involved Parties

INVOLVED PARTY ROLE

Hyundai Heavy Industries Manufactured the Rig

Transocean Owned & operated the Rig

BP America Production Company Operated & owns the Well; Owns 65% of the Prospect

Halliburton Company Provided cement services to the Well’s cap

Cameron International Corporation Manufactured the blowout preventer

Anadarko Petroleum Corporation Owns 25% of the Prospect

MOEX USA Corporation Owns 10% of the Prospect

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APRIL 20, 2010 9:45 PM

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Committee on the Analysis of Causes of the Deepwater Horizon Explosion, Fire, and Oil Spill to Identify Measures to Prevent 

Similar Accidents in the Future

November 16, 2010 Preliminary Report

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“The failures and missed indications of hazard were not isolated events… Numerous decisions to proceed toward abandonment… suggest an insufficient consideration of risk and a lack of operating discipline. The decisions also raise questions about the adequacy of operating knowledge on part of key personnel.”

“[I]nsufficient checks and balances for decisions involving both the schedule… and considerations for well safety.”

“The various failures mentioned in this report indicate the lack of a suitable approach for anticipating and managing the inherent risks, uncertainties, and dangers associated with deepwater drilling operations and a failure to learn from previous near misses.”

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TIMELINE 

4/20/10 – Explosion occurs

4/22/10 – A oil leak is discovered

4/26/10 – BP’s shares fall 2% 

4/27/10 – Joint investigation announced

4/28/10 – 5,000 bpd are leaking; control burning; named “responsible parties”

4/29/10 – a state of emergency; Obama pledges“every single available resource”

4/30/10 – Oil a washes ashore; “will pay all legitimate claims & costs”

5/2/10 – beginning of acceptance of claims

5/7/10 – Massive domes fail 

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TIMELINE 

5/9/10 – “junk shot”

5/11‐12/10 – BP, Transocean and Halliburton executives at U.S. CongressionalHearing; “cascade of errors”

5/12/10 – BP releases first public video of the leak

5/13/10 – BP : the oil spill is “relatively tiny” in comparison with the size of the ocean

5/14/10 – “ridiculous spectacle”

5/19/10 – First heavy oil reaches Louisiana's marshlands

5/21/10 – BP begins live underwater video broadcast of the leak

5/26/10 – “top kill” commenced

5/27/10 – six‐month moratorium on new deepwater oil drilling permits

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TIMELINE 

5/28/10 – BP’s current cost $930M5/29/10 – “top kill” failed6/1/10 – BP shares drop 17%, wiping $23B of its market value; U.S. launches a criminal and civil investigation6/8/10  ‐ BP releases high‐resolution images of the leak6/16/10 – BP agrees to fund a $20B escrow account7/12/10 – three ram capping stacks are installed7/27/10 – Bob Dudley will replace Tony Hayward as BP CEO8/4/10 – “static kill” procedure completed8/6/10 – BP establishes $20B trust8/14/10 – U.S. First Family vacation in Panama City, FL9/19/10 – 152 days since the explosion, BP confirms permanent plug of the well9/30/10 “We don’t believe we have been grossly negligent in anything we’ve seen in any of the investigations.”

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Clean‐up Efforts

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Strategies for Oil Removal 

1. Contain it on the surface, away from sensitive areas;

2. Dilute and disperse it in less sensitive areas; and

3. Remove it from the water. 

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CONSEQUENCES

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June 18, 2010 

© BP p.l.c.

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June 18, 2010 

© BP p.l.c.

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September 25, 2010 

© BP p.l.c.

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September 25, 2010

© BP p.l.c.

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September 25, 2010

© BP p.l.c.

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Habitat

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“We may not be perfect every time, but we’re going to be here as long as it takes to make it right.”

© BP p.l.c.

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Wildlife

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Dead Mammals: 97Oiled but alive: 9Cleaned and released: 3

Dead Birds: 6,104Oiled but alive: 2,080Cleaned and released: 1,245

Dead Sea Turtles: 605Oiled but alive: 535Cleaned and released: 362Relocated nests: 278

Consolidated Fish and Wildlife Collection ReportLast Updated 

October 14, 2010

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GRI +

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Economy

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Affect on BP’s Brand & Public Relations

• Corporate Response– Print and Broadcast Ads

– Relief Fund

– Tony Hayward

– New Face of BP

• Social Media Platforms

• Boycotts 

• Brand Alterations & Dilution

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“I like the ad, but I’m skeptical about the company’s ability to keep the promises made in [it]. I also want more information about how they intend to keep this from happening again. I very much distrust the oil industry as a whole, given past experiences around the world with other oil spills.”

Respondent from Ace Metrix poll regarding  June 3, 2010 video ad

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Relief Fund

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Tony Hayward

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• "Whether it is fair or unfair is not the point. I became the public face and was demonised and vilified. BP cannot move on in the US with me as its leader," he said, adding that like many aspects of everyday existence "life isn't fair ... sometimes you step off the pavement and get hit by a bus“ ‐ Hayward

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New Face of BP

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Social Media Presence

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Boycotts

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Who is Really Getting Hurt?

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Brand Alteration

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15 U.S.C. §1125 

(c) Dilution by Blurring; Dilution by Tarnishment.‐‐

(1) Injunctive relief.‐‐… the owner of a famous mark … shall be entitled to an injunction against another person  who, … use of a mark or trade name in commerce that is  likely to cause dilution by … tarnishment of the famous  mark, regardless of the presence or absence of actual or  likely confusion, of competition, or of actual economic injury. 

(2) Definitions.—

*    *    *    *

(C) For purposes of paragraph (1), `dilution by tarnishment' is association arising from the similarity between a mark or trade name and a famous mark that harms the reputation of  the famous mark. 

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(3) Exclusions.--The following shall not be actionable as dilution by blurring or dilution by tarnishment under this subsection:

(A) Any fair use, including a nominative or descriptive fair use, or facilitation of such fair use, of a famous mark by another person other than as a designation of source for the person's own goods or services, including use in connection with--

(i) advertising or promotion that permits consumers to compare goods or services; or

(ii) identifying and parodying, criticizing, or commenting upon the famous mark owner or the goods or services of the famous mark owner.

* * * *

(C) Any noncommercial use of a mark

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“Buzz” and “Impression” Scores of BP

May 5, 2010

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June 4, 2010

“Buzz” Score

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“What we do know is that when you properly design wells for the range of risk anticipated; follow established procedures; build in layers of redundancy; properly inspect and maintain equipment; train operators; conduct tests and drills; and focus on safe operations and risk management, tragic incidents like the one in the Gulf of Mexico today should not occur.”

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US and UK “Impressions” of BP

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US and UK “Impressions” of Barclay

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The Economist/YouGov Survey[mid‐June]

• How much trust they have in BP “to do the right thing in stopping the oil spill and cleaning it up?”– 6% “not sure”– 6% “a great deal”– 13% “quite a bit”– 24% “only some”– 24% “very little”– 27% “none at all”

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NBC News/ Wall Street Survey[late September]

• How would you categorize your “feelings”about BP?– 3% ‐ “very positive”

– 9% ‐ “somewhat positive”

– 24% ‐ “neutral”

– 20% “somewhat negative”

– 30% ‐ “very negative”

– 14% ‐ declining to choose

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Unique Branding Issues for Oil Companies

• Extensive vertical integration

• Pricing that is political

• Increased competition due to mergers

• Product high in demand, but higher environmental costs

• “Brands in crisis, and a crisis of brands”

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Brand Strategies

1. Sell BP

2. Hide BP behind its subsidiaries

3. Become “British” once more

4. Make BP really stand for “Beyond Petroleum”

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Recommendations for Company Strategies

1. Establish a $15 billion dollar escrow account

2. Reduce & donate key executives’ salaries for the next decade

3. On‐site compensation offices with large staffs

4. Financial compensation to each killed and injured worker

5. Wildlife rescue

6. Stop all PR efforts designed to mitigate BP responsibility

7. Cease and desist from influencing government officials and offices

8. State and University programs in the Gulf

9. Improve technologies and safety regulation for off shore drilling

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Key Functions of the the Brand

• “The brand will need to receive a more prominent and strategic role within the firm”

• “The brand will be defined by the firm’s mission and values and will act as an agent of change and inform all activities of the firm.”

• “The brand’s performance in the market (as measured in line with the vision and values of the perception in the various stakeholder groups) will form a key performance indicator for those employees that are including the company’s future.”

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“We can do better than simply damning BP or damning the oil industry or damning technology and our (lack of) ability to regulate it.”

Mark Zoback