BLOOD AND THE CIRCULATORY

SYSTEMBiology Unit 1&2

BLOOD AND ITS COMPONENTS What do you think that blood is made

out of?

Are there different blood cells?

What are these cells called?

COMPOSITION OF BLOOD Blood is made up of:

CellsPlasmaWater

PLASMA Plasma is the yellowish fluid in the blood It is in the plasma that nutrients are

transported Contains proteins that help in blood

clotting Also keeps the body at its optimum pH

level

3 BLOOD CELLS There are 3 different types of blood cells

Do you know what they are called?

BLOOD CELLS The three types of blood cells are:

Red Blood cells (erythrocytes)White blood cells (leukocytes)Platelets (partial blood cells)

Do you know what each of these cells do?

RED BLOOD CELLS Red blood cells are used to transport

oxygen around the body.

What is the structure called to transport oxygen on red blood cells?

Return to cells slide

HAEMOGLOBIN Haemoglobin is the carrier molecule on

RBC to carry oxygen

When oxygen is attached it is called oxy-haemoglobin.

Return to RBC slide

Return to Blood cell slide

HAEMOGLOBIN With haemoglobin the red blood cells can

carry 20mL of oxygen per 100mL of blood.

This is about 70 times what they could carry without haemoglobin!

WHITE BLOOD CELLS White blood cells are very useful as they

assist the body in fighting infection. This is what is attacked in the infection

HIV.

Return to cell slide

PLATELETS Platelets are partially broken down red

blood cells that are used to clot blood. Ie they form scabs and stop us from

continually bleeding.

Return to cell slide

FUNCTIONS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Transport: Water, Oxygen and Carbon

dioxide

Distribution of nutrients

Waste removal

Maintaining body temperature

THE HEART Made of specialised muscle which allows

blood to be pumped all around the body

Where do you think that blood needs to go?

Blood travels in structures called veins, arteries and capillaries, these are called blood vessels.

BLOOD VESSELS Arteries: carry oxygenated blood and

move away from the heart

Veins: move to the heart and carry deoxygenated blood.

Capillaries: Site of blood “cross-over”. Nutrients exchanged.

AMOUNT OF BLOOD Average humans have 5L of blood.

Does anyone know how much blood the heart pumps?

Do you know how much of this 5L is in plasma and how much is blood cells?

AMOUNT OF BLOOD The heart pumps 5L of blood per minute

55% of blood is plasma 45% of blood is blood cells

ACTIVITY Using the computers, find out what the

structure of veins and arteries. Draw the structure in a clear and

labeled diagram.

When you have completed this, research a heart/vein related disease.

Eg. Atherosclerosis, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Cardio arrhythmias, Thalassemia.