bio 137 anatomy and physiology i bones of the skeleton bones of the skeleton

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BIO 137

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I

SKELETAL SYSTEM LABORATORY I

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

•ORGANS•BONES•CARTILAGES•TENDONS•LIGAMENTS

•FUNCTIONS•SUPPORT•PROTECTION•MOVEMENT•HEMATOPOIESIS•MINERAL STORE•ENERGY STORE

Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath

BONES OF THE SKELETON•DIVIDED INTO:•AXIAL•APPENDICULAR

Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath

BONES OF THE SKELETONCLASSIFIED BY SHAPE•LONG•SHORT•FLAT •IRREGULAR

SUBCLASSIFICATIONSSESAMOIDSUTURAL/WORMIAN


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LONG BONE STRUCTURE


HISTOLOGY OF BONE:TWO TYPES OF BONE MATRIX

•INORGANIC MATRIX (65%)•HYDROXYAPATITE (PRIMARILY CALCIUM PHOSPHATE)•HARDNESS OR RIGIDITY OF BONE

•ORGANIC MATRIX (35%)•CELLS•OSTEOCYTES•OSTEOBLASTS•OSTEOCLASTS

•OSTEOID•COLLAGEN FIBERS

•REMODELING AND STRENGTH OF BONE


HISTOLOGY OF BONE:TWO TYPES OF BONE TISSUE

•COMPACT BONE•HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS•SOLID, DENSE, RIGID•DIAPHYSES OF LONG BONES

•CANCELLOUS (SPONGY) BONE•TRABECULAE OF BONE•RED BONE MARROW FILLS SPACE BETWEEN BONE•FLAT BONES•EPIPHYSES OF LONG BONESCopyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath

COMPACT BONE

COMPACT BONE

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MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF COMPACT BONE: Haversian Systems or Osteons


THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF COMPACT BONE

•THE HAVERSIAN SYSTEM IS THE STRUCTURAL UNIT OF COMPACT BONE•OSTEOCYTES (THAT WERE ONCE OSTEOBLASTS)• LAID DOWN MATRIX (OSTEOCYTES NOW LIVE IN

LACUNAE) IN CONCENTRIC CIRCLES CALLED LAMELLAE •AROUND A CENTRAL HAVERSIAN CANAL•CONTAINING BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES


THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF COMPACT BONE

•THE HAVERSIAN SYSTEM IS THE STRUCTURAL UNIT OF COMPACT BONE•CANALICULI CONNECT LACUNAE OF

OSTEOCYTES;•Osteocytes communicate through gap

junctions•VOLKMANN’S (PERFORATING) CANALS CONNECT

ADJACENT HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS•HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS ARE CEMENTED

TOGETHER TO FORM COMPACT BONE



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SEM

LM’S OF LABORATORY SLIDES


COMPACT BONE~LOW~


COMPACT BONE~HIGH~

OSTEOCYTES IN LACUNAE

MATRIX OF

CALCIUM

PHOSPHATE

AND COLLAGEN

COMPACT BONE


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HISTOLOGY OF BONE: Two Types of Bone Matrix

•COMPACT BONE•HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS•SOLID, DENSE, RIGID•DIAPHYSES OF LONG BONES

•CANCELLOUS (SPONGY) BONE•TRABECULAE OF

BONE•RED BONE MARROW

FILLS SPACE BETWEEN BONE•FLAT BONES•EPIPHYSES OF LONG

BONES



CANCELLOUS

BONE

FLAT BONE STRUCTURE

•TWO THIN LAYERS OF COMPACT BONE SURROUNDING SPONGY (CANCELLOUS) BONE

•SPONGY BONE FUNCTIONS IN HEMATOPOIESIS



CANCELLOUS

BONE

Cancellous bone


CANCELLOUS BONE~ HIGH~

CANCELLOUS BONE

RED BONE MARROW

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CARTI-LAGES OF THE SKELETON


CARTILAGES OF THE SKELETON

•HYALINE CARTILAGE•FIBROCARTILAGE•ELASTIC CARTILAGE


HYALINE CARTILAGE•CHONDROCYTES WITHIN MATRIX OF GLUCOSAMINE AND CHONDROITIN SULFATE

•LOCATIONS:•EMBRYONIC SKELETON•COSTAL CARTILAGES•OVER EPIPHYSES OF LONG BONES•WALL OF LARYNX AND TRACHEA•ET CETERA

•FUNCTION: SUPPORTCopyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath


HYALINE CARTILAGE~LOW~

CHONDROCYTES IN LACUNAE

MATRIX


HYALINE CARTILAGE~HIGH~


MATRIX

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HYALINE CARTILAGE


FIBROCARTILAGE

•CHONDROCYTES WITHIN MATRIX OF COLLAGEN FIBERS

•LOCATIONS:•INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS•SYMPHYSIS PUBIS

•FUNCTIONS:•CUSHIONING/SHOCK ABSORBER•SLIGHT MOVEMENT



FIBROCARTILAGE ~LOW~


MATRIX SIMILAR TO BUT LESS FIRM THAN THAT OF HYALINE

CARTILAGE; THICK COLLAGEN FIBERS PREDOMINATE


FIBROCARTILAGE ~HIGH~


COLLAGEN FIBERS


FIBROCARTILAGE ~OIL~

FIBROCARTILAGE


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ELASTIC CARTILAGE•CHONDROCYTES WITHIN MATRIX OF ELASTIC FIBERS

•LOCATIONS:•EXTERNAL EAR•EPIGLOTTIS

•FUNCTIONS•FLEXIBILITY WITH MAINTENANCE OF SHAPE


ELASTIC CARTILAGE


ELASTIC CARTILAGE


Let’s take a practice quiz

Classify each of the bones below by shape.


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Classify this type of bone


Classify this type of bone


Wormian or

sutural

Are the orange bones axial or appendicular?


axial

Name the long bone part


_?__________________

Name the long bone part


diaphysis

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Name the structural unit of compact bone

The Haversian System or osteon

Name the passageway


?________

Name the passageway


Volkmann’s

Canal

Name the tissue


Compact bone


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Name the tissue


Cancellous or spongy bone


Name the tissue


Hyaline cartilage



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NAME THE TISSUE


COMPACT BONE




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NAME THE TISSUE


HYALINE CARTILAGE


Have fun studying

bio 137 anatomy and physiology i bones of the skeleton bones of the skeleton

Text of bio 137 anatomy and physiology i bones of the skeleton bones of the skeleton

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bio 137 anatomy and physiology i bones of the skeleton bones of the skeleton

Text of bio 137 anatomy and physiology i bones of the skeleton bones of the skeleton