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Bell Ringer!Record and think about the following equation:
ENVIRONMENT + ADAPTATION = CULTURE
What does this mean?How does WHERE someone live effect
HOW they live? Why do cultural differences exist even
within the same country? Is this true today?
What contributes to regional differences? Environment – climate, rainfall, physical
landscape Economy – What kinds of goods are
produced? How money is made? Demographics – Who lives there?
White/Black/Slave/Free
SectionalismLoyalty to one’s region or “section” of
the country rather than the nation as a whole
Different regions or sections of the country will want the federal government to focus on different things
-Regional Differences-
North – (Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, Maine) Desire laws to build industry and manufacturing Most states passing laws that end slavery by early 1800s
South Chesapeake – (Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, parts of
northern N. Carolina) Low Country – lower N. Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Mississippi Delta – Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama Desire laws to protect slavery and retrieve runaways
Western territories Desire laws to protect against Native American attacks Slavery hotly debated – some want it allowed in new
lands, others do not
Why does region matter when studying slavery?
North
North – PA, NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, NH, ME
Warm summers, snowy winters, rocky soil
Textile production, iron and steel, mining, lumberMore people moving to cities, centers of industry and manufacturingSlavery decreasing greatly by 1860
NJ reports 18 slaves on eve of Civil War
South – Chesapeake
Chesapeake - Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, parts of northern N. Carolina Tidewater (coastal areas) – large plantations
Smaller farms inland (piedmont) Main cash crop = Tobacco By 1860 69% white, 31% black
About 60% of black population living in slavery
South – Low Country
Low Country Hot humid climate, long growing seasonIndigo, cotton, rice economyLand similar to West Africaabsentee landowners (slavesleft alone) Better ability to preserve African culture
Close contact with Native Americans
By 1860 54% white, 46% black About 96% of black population living as slaves
South – Mississippi Delta
Mississippi Delta – Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama Hot humid climate, long growing season Plantation economy cotton, sugar cane
and rice – sugar cultivation brutal labor Close contact with Native Americans Caribbean connection (culture, language) By 1860 50% white, 50% black
About 98% of black population living in slavery
Think about… If you had to live in slavery, would you
rather be a slave in the North or the South? Why?
Is it better to be close to your master or farther away?
Where did slaves have the most “freedom”? Where were they able to bond most with family?
For Monday : Finish map!