baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #5 ... · baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #5. maisi. 2013. C M Y K dedofa-li sruli-ad saqarT-velosi,

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #5. maisi. 2013.

C M Y K

dedofa-

li sruli-

ad saqarT-

velosi, So-

Ta rusTave-

lisa da sxva

p o e t e b i s

STagonebis

uSreti wya-

ro, deda

yvela ga-

Wirvebuli-

sa da upova-

risa, Sem-

wyale da mlocveli yvelasaTvis – Ta-

mari. 14-maiss saqarTvelos marTlma-

didebluri eklesia Tamar mefis xse-

nebas aRniSnavs.

saocaria, rom saqarTvelos umw-

vervales samxedro Zlierebis dros

istoriam naz da saTuT arsebas, qals

arguna mefoba. zogni Tamaris warma-

tebas gamWriax mTavarsardlebs mia-

weren, zognic memkvidreobiT miRe-

bul awyobil qveyanas; iyo erTic da

meorec, magram Zlieri da ayvavebuli

qveyana, ZiriTadad, misi pirovnebis

damsaxureba da im madlis Sedegi iyo,

uflis TvalSi rom hpova sakuTari

RvTismoSiSebiT, gonierebiT, wrfeli

locviT. mas pativs scemdnen araqar-

Tvelebic. Tamars, bevr sxva maRal

TvisebasTan erTad, axasiaTebda me-

zobelTmoyvareoba da yvelasadmi

lmobiereba, „mowyaleba Tana-lmobe-

li“ da, rac mTavaria, ymadnafic qvey-

nebis udidesi mfarveloba, sikeTe da

samarTlianoba, gonierebis zeoba,

moqalaqeTa Tanasworuflebianoba,

erovnebisa da religiuri kuTvnile-

bis miuxedavad. es damaxasiaTebeli

iyo Tamaris politikisTvis da is

efuZneboda qristianuli sarwmunoe-

bis mier qadagebul kacTmoyvarebas.

mis am sikeTes gasaocari siyvaruliT

upasuxes araqarTvelma xalxebma. isi-

ni saukuneebis manZilze aqebdnen mas,

uZRvnidnen leqsebs, simRerebs, le-

gendebs. Tamari zrunavda adamianebis

sayovelTao keTildReobisTvis. mis

dros faqtobrivad moispo sikvdi-

liT dasja. esec winwadgmuli nabiji

iyo im drois qveynebTan SedarebiT;

miT umetes, rom sikvdiliT dasja

dRevandel civilizebul samyaroSi

axlaxan aikrZala. aRsaniSnavia, rom

Tamari saxelmwifo Semosavlis mea-

gilocavT

Tamarobas!

(gagrZeleba me-2 gverdze)

programirebaSi akademikos ilia vekuasadmi

miZRvnili VII saerTaSoriso olimpiada gaixsna akademikos ilia vekuasadmi miZRvnili VII saerTaSori-

so olimpiada gaixsna programirebaSi. pirvelobaSi saqar-

Tvelos, ukrainis, somxeTis, azerbaijanisa da TurqeTis

umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis studentebi

monawileoben. saukeTeso programistebis gamosavlenad

turebi ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi erTdroulad gai-

marTeba baTumis, novosibirskis, moskovisa da sankt-pe-

terburgis saxelmwifo universitetebSi. olimpiadaze

akademikos ilia vekuas Tasis mflobelis garda gamovlin-

deba saukeTeso gundebi niko musxeliSvilis, iveri fran-

giSvilisa da evgeni pankratievis saxelobis prizis misa-

Rebad.

saerTaSoriso olimpiada baTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universitetis, moskovis saxelmwifo univer-

sitetis, novosibirskis saxelmwifo universitetis, soxumis saxelmwifo universitetis, saqarTvelos teqnikuri uni-

versitetisa da programirebis mxardaWeris asociaciis organizebiT tardeba.

`Tamaroba 800~ Tamar mefis xsenebis dRes mieZRvna “ baTumis SoTa

rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetSi gamarTuli Se-

moqmedebiTi saRamo „Tamaroba 800“. ganaTlebisa da mecni-

erebaTa fakultetis istoriisa da TurqeTismcodneobis

specialobis meore kursis studentebma Teatraluri war-

modgeniT kidev erTxel gaixsenes Tamar dedoflis cxov-

reba, moRvaweoba da saqarTvelos istoriis umniSvnelo-

vanesi periodi. uwmindesisa da unetaresis, sruliad sa-

qarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis ilia II-is locva-kur-

TxeviT 2013 weli Tamar mefis wlad gamocxadda.

seminari evrokavSiris

urTierTobebsa da

evroatlantikur struqturebSi

integraciis sakiTxebze

sainformacio centris natosa da evrokavSiris Sesaxeb

xelmZRvanelma elene gocaZem da moadgilem giorgi kepula-

Zem baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis

studentebisaTvis seminari Caatares. saqarTvelos, natosa

da evrokavSiris urTierTobebi da evroatlantikur struq-

turebSi integraciis sakiTxebi ganixiles. aseve isaubres sa-

momavlo gegmebsa da samezoblo politikiT gaTvaliswinebul valdebulebebze. Sexvedra kiTxva-pasuxis reJimSi wa-

rimarTa da centris warmomadgenlebma axalgazrdebis aqtualur SekiTxvebs upasuxes.

`studentTa staJireba da dasaqmeba - socialuri gamowveva~ saqarTvelos axalgazrduli parlamentis iuridiuli komitetis organizebiT baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelm-

wifo universitetSi diskusia gaimarTa Temaze: „studentTa staJireba da dasaqmeba - socialuri gamowveva“. socia-

lur, biznesisa da samarTalmcodneobis fa-

kultetis studentebi aWaris dasaqmebis

saagentos, aWaris sportisa da axalgazr-

dul saqmeTa departamentisa da arasamTav-

robo organizaciebis warmomadgenlebTan

erTad aqtualur sakiTxze ramdenime saa-

Tis ganmavlobaSi msjelobdnen. diskusiaze

warmodgenili daskvnebi da mosazrebebi sa-

qarTvelos axalgazrduli parlamentis

iuridiuli komitetis kanon-proeqtSi aisa-

xeba, romelic gansaxilvelad saqarTvelos

parlaments gadaecema.

22mmaaiissii

Teds Raribebs aZlevda. „glaxakT

naaTali“ axali ambavi ar iyo kul-

turul aRmosavleTSi, magram mas

axdevinebdnen yvelas, aq ki am saq-

mes Tavad saxelmwifo iRebda saku-

Tar Tavze da sakuTari Semosavli-

dan ixdida. wm. Tamar mefis dros

aSenda ikorTis, samTavros, ber-

Tubnis, beTaniisa da sxva mravali

taZrebi. ara erTi eklesia aigo

oseTsa da CerqezeTSic. didebuli

varZia, romelic msoflios saoc-

rebad moinaTla, Tamaris saxelTa-

naa dakavSirebuli. rogor SeZlo

Tamarma aseTi Zlieri saxelmwifos

Seqmna?! mas xom arc aRmosavleTis-

ken miupyria Tvalebi, arc dasav-

leTisken gauSveria xeli, arc

CrdiloeTSi uZebnia mfarveli da

arc samxreTSi! mas, miwieri Semwis

uarmyofels, zeapyrobili hqonda

mzera RvTisken da erTaderTs mas

sasoebda. „dedofalo netaro, ga-

nuRe kari mowyalebisa ersa Sensa

iveriisasa“, - araerTxel warmouT-

qvamT Tvalcremliani mefis bage-

ebs. RvTis sityvis Tanaxmad, vinc

iTxovs, is Rebulobs kidec. lomis

Zu lekvi WeSmaritad swori Seiqmna

xvadis.

Tamaris pirovnebis, misi sibrZ-

nis, umanko, yovladmowyale ganu-

risxebeli gulisa da moRvaweobis

Sefasebisas, misi ezosmoZRvari

aseT rames ambobs: „rameTu viTar

Tmani Tavis TiToeulad veravin

aRracxnis, egreTve veravin aRwer-

nes saqmeni Tamarisni-o“. amitom

iqca Tamari qarTveli kacis mara-

diul gulisTqmad, siyvarulis

wyarod, zneobriv sinaTled, erov-

nul sidiaded, mSobliuri xalxis

ukvdavebad da momavlis imedad.

ooTTaarr ggooggoolliiSSvviillii

arTvinis Woroxis universitetis

delegaciis vizitiarTvinis Woroxis universi-

tetis reqtori mehmed dumani

proreqtorTan da sagareo ur-

TierTobaTa departamentis

xelmZRvanelTan erTad baTumis

SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo

universitets ewvia. universi-

tetis reqtorTan, profesor

alioSa bakuriZesTan da fakul-

tetebis dekanebTan gamarTul

Sexvedraze xeli moewera xel-

Sekrulebas, romelic iTvalis-

winebs partniori umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis „Mevlana“-s gacv-

liT programaSi monawileobas. saerTaSoriso gacvliT programas TurqeTis

umaRlesi ganaTlebis aRmasrulebeli sabWo afinansebs da miznad isaxavs stu-

dentebisa da akademiuri personalis gacvlas TurqeTisa da ucxoeTis sxva umaR-

les saswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi.

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universiteti

studenturi dReebi

àWara 2013~-is gamarjvebulia

baTumis SoTa rusTave-

lis saxelmwifo univer-

siteti studenturi dRe-

ebi „aWara 2013“-is gamar-

jvebulia. kompetentur-

ma Jiurim 6 maisis parkSi

gamarTul daskvniT kon-

certze xuT nominacias

Soris pirveloba bsu-s

studentebs miakuTvna.

axalgazrdebma sportul

RonisZiebebs Soris war-

matebas miaRwies fexburTsa da quCis kalaTburTSi. Tanamedrove cekve-

bis jgufma `M style 13~-ma cekva „afrikulis“ SesrulebiT saukeTeso

originaluri nomris nominaciaSi gaimarjva da ganaTlebisa da mecniere-

baTa fakultetis studentma TamTa mamulaZem „mis-universitetis“ ti-

tuli moipova. studenturi dReebi „aWara 2013“-Si baTumis SoTa rusTa-

velis saxelmwifo universitetis, baTumis xelovnebis saswavlo univer-

sitetis, baTumis saxelmwifo sazRvao akademiisa da baTumis navigaciis

saswavlo universitetis 150-mde studenti monawileobda.

(dasawyisi pirvel gverdze)

gilocavT Tamarobas!

universitetSi evropis dRis kvireuli

gaimarTa deviziT - `gza evropisaken~evropis dRis kvireulis far-

glebSi baTumis SoTa rusTave-

lis saxelmwifo universitetis

studenturi TvimmarTvelobis,

studentTa momsaxurebisa da

mxardaWeris samsaxuris, studen-

tTa samecniero centris organi-

zebiTa da baTumis sakrebulos

mxardaWeriT deviziT - `gza ev-

ropisaken~ velomaraToni da sa-

mecniero konferencia gaimarTa.

velomaraTonis monawile 40-mde studentma starti umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo

dawesebulebis ezodan aiRo da 6 maisis parkis gavliT simbolurad evropis moed-

nisaken gaemarTa. saerTaSoriso urTierTobebisa da evropismcodneobis specia-

lobis studentebma moxsenebebi warmoadgines iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa: evro-

kavSiri globaluri faqtori, saqarTvelo-evrokavSiris urTierTobebi istori-

ul WrilSi. evrokomisiam 2013 weli moqalaqeTa evropul wlad gamoacxada.

pirveloba minifexburTSibaTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universitetSi pir-

veloba Catarda minifexburTSi.

Sejibri studenturi TviTmmar-

Tvelobis organizebiT gaimar-

Ta da masSi umaRlesi saganma-

naTleblo dawesebulebis 32

gundi monawileobda. finalSi

erTmaneTs ganaTlebisa da mec-

nierebaTa fakultetis gundi

„manCesteri“ da socialur mec-

nierebaTa, biznesisa da samar-

Talmcodneobis fakultetis gundi „skudra sociali“ daupirispirda, Sexvedra an-

gariSiT 3:2 dasrulda. kompetenturma Jiurim Cempionatis monawile studentebs

Soris saukeTeso fexburTelad mamuka devaZe daasaxela (gundi „babulikebi“), sau-

keTeso bombardirad - irakli miqelaZe (gundi „leikersi“), xolo saukeTeso mekared

- sulxan dumbaZe (gundi „skuadra sociali“). gamarjvebuli gundis „manCesteris“

wevrebi sigelebiT, TasiTa da medlebiT dajildovdnen da saukeTeso moTamaSeeb-

Tan, msajTan da organizatorebTan erTad eqskursiaze rabaTSi gaemgzavrebian.

`ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobebis

istoria da Tanamedroveoba~studentTa sainicia-

tivo jgufis organize-

biT, studenturi TviTm-

marTvelobisa da studen-

tTa samecniero centris

mxardaWeriT baTumis So-

Ta rusTavelis saxelmwi-

fo universitetSi konfe-

rencia gaimarTa Temaze:

„ruseT-saqarTvelos ur-

TierTobebis istoria da Tanamedroveoba“. sesiaze moxsenebebi iyo warmod-

genili iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa: ruseT-saqarTvelos geopolitikuri

interesebi CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi XVIII-XIX

saukuneebis mijnaze. konferenciis farglebSi diskusia gaimarTa, romelSic

studentebTan da profesor-maswavleblebTan erTad, umaRlesi sabWos wev-

ri akaki ZnelaZe, saqarTvelos yofili elCi saberZneTSi irakli TavarTqi-

laZe da sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebi monawileobdnen.

erazmus mundusis “WEBB” programis konkursis

Sedegad baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo uni-

versitetis eqvsma studentma da profesor-maswav-

lebelma moipova granti. universiteti konkursan-

tebs gamarjvebas ulocavs da warmatebebs usur-

vebs.

1. feraZe naTia, bakalavriati, franguli filo-

logiis specialoba, mimRebi universiteti -

(University of Poitiers) puaties univeriteti, safran-

geTi;

2. mWedliZe mariam - bakalavriati, franguli fi-

lologiis specialoba, mimRebi universiteti -


geTi;

3. naTia msxalaZe - magistratura, franguli fi-

lologiis specialoba, mimRebi universiteti -


geTi;

4. Tamar maWutaZe - doqtorantura, franguli

filologiis specialoba, mimRebi universiteti -


geTi;

5. anzor beriZe - sadoqtoros Semdgomi kvle-

vebi, maTematika, mimRebi universiteti - (War-

saw University) varSavis universiteti, polone-

Ti;

6. natalia surgulaZe - akademiuri personali,

franguli filologia, mimRebi universiteti -


geTi.

erazmus mundusis `WEBB~ programis grantis mflobelebi

33mmaaiissii

1945 wlis 9 maisi – es dRe istoriam Semogvinaxa ro-

gorc faSizmze gamarjvebis dRe. swored 1945 wlis 9 ma-

iss, vermaxtis kapitulaciam daasrula meore msoflio

omi da sabWoTa kavSirs gamarjveba moutana. germaniam omi

waago.

mas Semdeg 67 weli gavida da am xnis ganmavlobaSi ar

amowurula msjeloba meore msoflio omis Sesaxeb. msje-

loba imaze, Tu ra moxda sabolood da vin aris mtyu-

an–marTali. adideben stalins, ixseneben hitlersac.

omi damTavrda da iyo msxverpli. imdenad didi msxver-

pli, rom am ambavma msoflio SeZra. omma Seiwira 60 milio-

namde adamiani, romelTa did nawils mSvidobiani mosaxle-

oba Seadgenda. uamravi adamiani saSineli tanjva–wamebiT

gardaicvala. es yvelaferi udaod SemaZrwunebeli iyo.

danaSaulis dausjelad datoveba, albaT dameTanxmebiT,

rom cudi precedentia.

omis gamarjvebuli mxaris warmomadgenlebi- stalini,

ruzvelti da CerCili aqtiur molaparakebebs awarmoebd-

nen imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor daesajaT damnaSaveebi. CerCi-

li, acnobierebda ra omis ganmavlobaSi Cadenil sakuTari

qveynis sisastikes, amtkicebda rom sasamarTlo ar unda

gamarTuliyo. ruzveltsa da stalins ki sapirispiro mo-

sazreba hqondaT. Tvlidnen, rom samarTliani sasamarT-

lo aucilebeli iyo. es iqneboda samxedro, omis danaSau-

lis gamosaZieblad, romelic umniSvnelovanes istoriul

precedents Seqmnida. Sedga danaSaulis mtkicebulebaTa

dosie da 1945 wlis 8 agvistos, londonSi xeli moewera

niurbergis wesdebas.

germaniis politikuri Zalaufleba daeca “The allied

control council” – is mier. ACC–Si Sedioda amerika, safran-

geTi, inglisi da sabWoTa kavSiri. TiToeulma maTganma sa-

samarTloze TiTo mosamarTle waradgina. sasamarTlom

damnaSaveebs 4 punqtieni braldeba warudgina. esenia:

1. danaSauli mSvidobis winaaRmdeg;

2. agresiuli omis warmoeba;

3. omis danaSauli;

4. danaSauli kacobriobis winaaRmdeg.

braldebulebi gaasamarTles ganaCenis gasaCivrebis

gareSe. gamarjvebulebma ganaCeni gamoutanes damarcxe-

bulebs yvela zemoTxsenebuli punqtis mixedviT.

cneba „danaSauli kacobriobis winaaRmdeg“ niurbergis

procesamde ar arsebobda sasamarTlo praqtikaSi. igi Se-

imuSaves mas Semdeg rac danaSauli ukve Cadenili iyo da

daarRvies kanonis ukuZalis principi (ex post facto).

xalxi zeimobs 9 maiss. is xalxi, vinc sakuTari sisxlis

fasac daicva qveyana. daicva faSistebisagan ara iZule-

biT, aramed sakuTari moralis karnaxiTa da samSoblos

udidesi siyvaruliT, mSvidobiani momavlis uzrunvelsa-

yofad

ooTTaarr ggooggoolliiSSvviillii --profesori

9 maisi _ vinc ibrZola

sisxlis fasad

saqarTvelos damoukidebloba rTul istori-

ul periodSi gamocxadda, rasac Tan axlda samxed-

ro–diplomatiuri brZolebi qveynis istoriuli

sazRvrebis SenarCunebisaTvis. amierkavkasiis sei-

mi, Semdeg ki demokratiuli respublikis mTavroba

cdilobda mezobel saxelmwifoebTan megobruli

urTierTobebis damyarebas da saerTaSoriso sa-

marTlis principebis gaTvaliswinebiT teritori-

uli problemebis mogvarebas, magram imdroindel

saSinao da sagareo pirobebSi amis miRweva SeuZle-

beli iyo. qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis qomagebi

arsebuli realobis gaTvaliswinebiT iswrafodnen

ramenairad SeenarCunebinaT ruseTisa da osmale-

Tis imperiebs Soris pirvel msoflio omamde arse-

buli sasazRvro reJimi, rasac kategoriulad ewi-

naaRmdegeboda osmaleTis imperia, iSveliebda ra

calkeul saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv aspeqtebs.

maT Soris umTavresi brestis samSvidobo xelSek-

ruleba iyo, romelic gaformda Cveni samSoblosT-

vis Zalze mZime da arasasiamovno pirobebSi. modiT

Tvali gavadevnoT Cveni samSoblos lamazi da gmi-

ruli istoriis imJamindeli movlenebis ganviTare-

bis dinamikas...

rogorc cnobilia, 1917 wlis Tebervlis revo-

luciam bolo mouRo romanovebis 300 wlian bato-

nobas ruseTSi. Camoyalibda droebiTi mTavroba.

amierkavkasiaSi ki Seiqmna situacias morgebuli sa-

xelmwifo struqtura - sagangebo komiteti.

oqtombris gadatrialebas mohyva droebiTi

mTavrobis damxoba, ris Semdegac amierkavkasiis sa-

gangebo komitetmac dakarga funqcia. amierkavkasi-

is maSindeli politikuri moRvaweebi ar iyvnen aR-

frTovanebulni bolSevikuri xelisuflebiT, ami-

tomac met-naklebad damoukidebel moqmedebas am-

jobinebdnen. adgilobrivi gavleniani politikuri

partiebis monawileobiT 1917 wlis noemberSi Seiq-

mna amierkavkasiis adgilobrivi mmarTvelobiTi

organo amierkavkasiis komisariatis saxiT.

Tavis mxriv, antantis qveynebma daiwyes mzadeba

amierkavkasiaSi bolSevikebisagan damoukidebeli

mTavrobis Sesaqmnelad. amave politikur scenaze

aqtiurobda aseve germaniis mokavSire osmaleTis

imperiac. mas am regionis mimarT Tavisi interesebi

hqonda, ris realizebasac brest–litovskSi cdi-

lobda. aseT pirobebSi aSkara iyo, rom saqarTvelo

idga Tavisi teritoriebis mniSvnelovani nawilis

dakargvis safrTxis winaSe.

1918 wlis 1 (14) ianvars TurqeTis armiis mTa-

varsardlis movaleobis Semsrulebeli enver–faSa

general–leitenant i. odiSeliZisadmi miweril we-

rilSi dainteresda amierkavkasiis de faqto damo-

ukidebel mTavrobasTan mSvidobiani urTierTobe-

bis aRdgeniT da gamoTqva mzadyofna gamoegzavna

delegacia TbilisSi (marTalia, telegramaSi oTx-

jer sagangebod xazgasmulia kavkasiis damoukide-

beli mTvarobis statusi, amierkavkasiis komisaria-

tis saxiT, Tumca osmaleTis mxare mas ar Tvlida ka-

nonierad da ar cnobda „de–iured“, rac kargad ga-

moCnda trapizonis samSvidobo konferenciaze). pa-

suxad amierkavkasiis komisariatma acnoba Turqul

mxares, rom dainteresebulni iyvnen omis uswrafe-

si damTavrebiT da mSvidobis damyarebiT... maTi gan-

martebiT, rogorc ruseTis respublikis nawils,

samSvidobo molaparakebis dawyeba SeeZloT mxo-

lod axlad Sekrebili damfuZnebeli krebis dastu-

riT.

samarTlianad SeniSnavs prof. m. svaniZe, rom

Tuki amierkavkasiis mTavroba ar cnobda bolSevi-

kebs, maT ufro meti damoukidebloba unda gamoev-

linaT.

ruseTis axali xelisufleba dainteresebuli

iyo saomari moqmedebebis SewyvetiT, Tumca germa-

nias Tavisi samSvidobo pirobebi hqonda. male

frontze arsebulma viTarebam bolSevikebi iZule-

buli gaxada TurqeTisaTvis daeTmoT imperiis

vrceli teritoriebi. Turquli mxaris aqtiuro-

biT germanelebma ultimatumis teqstis saboloo

varianti Secvales da masSi anatoliis provinciebs

miumates yarsis, ardaganisa da baTumis olqebic.

1918 wlis 3 marts brest-litovskSi bolSeviku-

ri ruseTis, germaniis, avstria-ungreTis, Turqe-

Tisa da bulgareTis warmomadgenlebma xeli moawe-

res 13 punqtian SeTanxmebas, romlis me–4 punqtis

miexedviT ruseTs saswrafod unda daecala zemo-

aRniSnuli teritoriebi samxedro Zalisagan, ar

unda Careuliyo ardaganis, yarsisa da baTumis ok-

rugebis saxelmwifoebriv-samarTlebrivi da saer-

TaSoriso–samarTlebrivi urTierTobebis mowes-

rigebaSi da mieca aqauri mosaxleobisaTvis ufleba

SeeqmnaT axali wyoba mezobel saxelmwifoebTan,

gansakuTrebiT TurqeTTan SeTanxmebiT. es ki niS-

navda imas, rom amieridan ruseTi aq mimdinare pro-

cesebs miRma rCeboda, TurqeTs ki ufleba eZleoda

regionSi misTvis misaRebi xelisuflebis formire-

baSi mieRo monawileoba.

imave dRes gaformda ruseT–TurqeTis damate-

biTi SeTanxmeba, romlis mixedviTac maT Soris

sazRvrebi im saxiT unda aRdgeniliyo, rogorc ar-

sebobda jer kidev 1877–1878 wlebis omamde. SeTan-

xmebis me–2 punqtiT ganisazRvra ratifikaciidan

sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi ori Sereuli komisiis Seqm-

na, romlebsac unda uzrunveleyoT saxelmwifo

sazRvrebis dadgena, maT Soris yarsi–ardagani–ba-

Tumis monakveTze.

ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saxalxo komisris mo-

adgilis, giorgi CiCerinis SefasebiT, xelSekrule-

baSi ar Canda naTlad, rom yarsi, ardagani da baTu-

mi ruseTs Camoscilda... am SemTxvevaSi, aneqsias

hqonda ufro Sefaruli saxe. misi ganmartebiT, ru-

seTi Sublze pistoletis mibjeniT aiZules xeli

moewera am xelSekrulebaze...!

am droisaTvis amierkavkasiis xelisufleba

TurqebTan mosalaparakeblad emzadeboda. 1918

wlis 16 Tebervals amierkavkasiis seimma daamtkica

TurqeTTan sazavo molaparakebis delegaciis Se-

madgenloba akaki Cxenkelis meTaurobiT. SemuSavda

samoqmedo gegmac, romlis mixedviTac delegacias

1914 wlamde arsebuli sazRvrebis SenarCunebisaT-

vis unda ezruna. 23 Tebervals delegacia trapi-

zonSi imyofeboda. 14 marts Sedga molaparakebis

pirveli raundi. Turqebma moiTxoves ganmarteba

amierkavkasiis respublikis politikur da admi-

nistraciul mowyobasTan dakavSirebiT, imis da-

sadgenad, saxelmwifos warmoSobis es forma pasu-

xobda Tu ara saerTaSoriso normebs.

molaparakebis meore sxdomaze a. Cxenkelma gan-

marta, rom amierkavkasiis respublikas hyavs demok-

ratiulad arCeuli seimi, rogorc xelisuflebis

umaRlesi organo. raki brestis konferencia Ca-

tarda maTi uSualo monawileobis gareSe, amitomac

amierkavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli xelSekrulebis

samSvidobo pirobebi, saerTaSoriso samarTlis

normebiT, TavisTavad kargavda mniSvnelobas. ami-

erkavkasia Tavis problemebs uSualod mezobel sa-

saqarTvelos damoukideblobis

gamocxadeba


44mmaaiissii

iiaa xxoozzrreevvaanniiZZee baTu-

mis mexuTe sajaro skolis

kursdamTavrebulia. igi

arCevans baTumis SoTa

rusTavelis saxelmwifo

universitetze akeTebs. sa-

momavlod mas filologo-

ba surs:

„ganaTleba - es aris pro-

cesi, romlis meSveobiTac

sazogadoeba Taobidan Tao-

bas gadascems kulturul

memkvidreobas, dagrovil

codnas da unar-Cvevebs. rac

ufro kulturuli da ganaT-

lebulia eri, miT ufro gzas

ikvlevs msoflio socialur

da ekonomikur sivrceSi. pi-

radad CemTvis, viyo ganaT-

lebuli, bevrs niSnavs, mag-

ram winaswarve maqvs gacno-

bierebuli, rom manamde

grZeli, saintereso da sak-

maod damRleli gza maqvs ga-

savleli, rogorc daviT gu-

ramiSvili ambobs: „swavlis

Ziri mware aris, kenweroSi

gatkbildebis“. swavlis

sawyisi etapi bevrisTvis

marTlac rTulia, magram sa-

bolood is cxovrebis gzas

gvikafavs, momavals imedia-

nad SevcqeriT da darwmune-

buli varT, rom yvelaferi

gamogviva. moswavleebi sa-

Sualo ganaTlebis miRebis

Semdeg iswrafvian umaRlesi

ganaTlebis misaRebad. es pe-

riodi SeiZleba miviCnioT

gardamtex wertilad, rad-

gan am dros vacnobierebT

romel umaRles saswavle-

belSi unda gavagrZeloT

swavla, romeli maTgani gai-

Rebs maqsimums studentisT-

vis, romel specialobaSi

vxedavT sakuTari Tavis rea-

lizacias da a.S. arsebobs

SemTxvevebic, roca mozar-

debi fakultetsa da univer-

sitets sxvisi survilis Se-

sabamisad weren, Semdeg

iricxebian da arasasurvel

garemoSi swavloben. me es

marTebulad ar mimaCnia. Ce-

mi azriT, arCevans abituri-

enti unda akeTebdes, ga-

dawyvetilebas me unda vi-

Rebde da ara sxva, radgan

Cemze ukeT aravin icis, sad

minda viswavlo da romel

profesias daveuflo. Cveni-

ve momavali sasworze ar un-

da davdoT.

piradad me, upirateso-

bas baTumis SoTa rusTave-

lis saxelmwifo universi-

tets vaniWeb. minda ganaT-

lebisa da mecnie-

rebaTa fakulte-

tis qarTuli fi-

lologiis specia-

lobis studenti

gavxde. rac Seexeba

imas, Tu ratom va-

niWeb am universi-

tets upirateso-

bas, getyviT, rom

aqaurobaze bevri

msmenia. vici, rom

qarTuli filolo-

giis specialoba

kvalificirebuli

kadrebisgan aris

dakompleqtebuli.

gamogitydebiT da,

arc Cemive qalaqi-

dan sxvagan wasvlis

survili maqvs. ma-

Sin, roca aq gvelo-

deba 78-wliani istoriis

mqone umaRlesi saswavlebe-

li. vfiqrob, es is adgilia,

sadac miviReb codnis maqsi-

mums, sadac meqneba saSuale-

ba gamovamJRavno Cemi SesaZ-

leblobebi da Seviqmna kargi

momavali. ra Tqma unda, spe-

cialobac Cemive surviliT

avirCie. momwons Cemi samo-

mavlo profesia da minda di-

di siyvaruliT vakeTo es

saqme. Tu adamians profesii-

sadmi siyvaruli ar gaaCnia,

maSin Sroma misTvis mtanj-

veli iqneba.

aqedan gamomdinare, ime-

debs vamyareb im oTx weli-

wadze, romelic RmerTis

wyalobiT baTumis SoTa

rusTavelis saxelmwifo

universitetSi unda gavata-

ro. CemTvis es periodi iqne-

ba drois is monakveTi, roca

unda Camovyalibde zrdas-

rul pirovnebad, dro maqsi-

malurad gamoviyeno, rom

sasurvel Sedegs mivaRwio.

rogorc didi ilia ambobs:

„Zvirfaso oTxo weliwado!

netavi imas, visac Sengan ga-

debuli bewvis xidi fexTaq-

veS ar Caswydomia, netavi

imas, vinc Sen rigianad mo-

gixmara.“

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-

xelmwifo universiteti erTiani

erovnuli gamocdebisTvis emzade-

ba. aq Ria karis dReebi Catarda da

abiturientTa mozidvis mizniT

universitetma rogorc gasvliTi,

aseve adgilobrivi RonisZiebebi

ganaxorciela.

2013 wlidan baTumis sagamocdo

centrs axali xelmZRvaneli hyavs.

am Tanamdebobaze baTumis SoTa

rusTavelis saxelmwifo universi-

tetis asocirebuli profesori, ma-

nuCar loria dainiSna. misive

TqmiT, universitetis mier abitu-

rientTa mozidvis mizniT Catare-

buli RonisZiebebi axali nakadis

TvalsazrisiT umniSvnelovanesia.

„mTavari erTiani erovnuli gamoc-

debia, romlis dawyebamdec sul

mcire dro gvrCeba“.

mmaannuuCCaarr lloorriiaa: baTumis SoTa rus-

Tavelis saxelmwifo universitetis aso-

cirebuli profesori socio-kulturuli

anTropologiis mimarTulebiT, baTumis

sazRvao akademiis reqtoris moadgile,

2005 wlidan 2007 wlamde gamocdebis erov-

nuli centris kuratori, 2007 wlidan 2012

wlamde baTumis erovnuli centris admi-

nistraciis TanaSemwe, 2013 wlidan baTu-

mis sagamocdo centris xelmZRvaneli.

_ batono manuCar, rogor emzadeba

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo

universiteti erTiani erovnuli gamoc-

debisTvis?

_ sagamocdo centris mTavari mizania,

erTiani erovnuli gamocdebi Catardes ga-

mocdebis erovnuli centris mier SemuSa-

vebuli wesebis dacviT. rac Seexeba baTu-

mis sagamocdo centrs, wels gaxlavT up-

recendento SemTxveva _ Tu SarSan iyo 76

seqtori, wels, savaraudod, 109 seqtori

iqneba, radgan abiturientTa nakadi sakma-

od didia.

_ erTiani erovnuli gamocdebisTvis

damkvirveblebs ra kriteriumebiT arCe-

ven?

_ jer gadamowmdebian is adamianebi,

romlebic gasul wlebSic iyvnen dasaqme-

bulni. Semdeg vakanturi adgilebi ga-

mocxaddeba, sagamocdo centridan Camov-

len specialistebi da gadaamzadeben maT.

aseve im unar Cvevebs Seaswavlian, romle-

bic gamoadgebaT uSualod sagamocdo

procesis msvlelobisas.

_ aris Tu ara studentTa dasaqmeba

SesaZlebeli?

_ SeZlebisamebr, gvinda vakantur ad-

gilebze davasaqmoT is studentebi, rom-

lebic Seesabamebian moTxovnebs. Cven namd-

vilad davasaqmebT ramdenime students!

_ gasagebia, rom abiturientTa ricx-

vi Zalian maRalia. SegiZliaT, gviTxraT

erTgvari statistika Cveni universite-

tis moTxovnis TvalsazrisiT?

_ statistika namdvilad ar gvaqvs da

winaswar verafers vityvi, magram iqidan

gamomdinare, rom universiteti dRiTidRe

aRmavali gziT midis da miRwevebi marT-

lac bevri gvaqvs, vfiqrob, abituriente-

bis nakleboba ar iqneba Cveni universite-

tis misamarTiT. baTumis sagamocdo cent-

ri gamocdebs yvela im abiturientisTvis

atarebs, romelic abarebs saqarTvelos

nebismier akreditebul universitetSi.

aqve aRvniSnav, rom sagamocdo centri

marto abiturientebs ar emsaxureba. aseve

moiazrebian is pirebic, romlebsac surT

grantis amaRleba, samagistro programeb-

ze Cabarebis msurvelebi da aseve is peda-

gogebi, romelTac surT saserTifikato

gamocdebSi miiRon monawileoba.

ssaalloommee mmJJaavvaannaaZZee,

istoriis specialobis

mesame kursis studenti

ganaTleba upirveles

yovlisa!

universiteti gamocdebisTvis emzadeba

55mmaaiissii

mimdinare wels Cveni universitetis profe-

sors, qalbaton Tina SioSvils dabadebidan 65 we-

li Seusrulda. vinc icnobs am brwyinvale leq-

tors, mkvlevars, Semoqmedsa da rac mTavaria,

saTno pirovnebas, warmoud-

genelia mis mimarT pativis-

cemiTa da mowiwebiT ar iyos

ganwyobili. sxvebTan erTad,

misdami gansakuTrebul siy-

varuls studentebi amJRav-

neben. didi interesiT isme-

nen mis leqciebsa da ecnobi-

an pativcemuli profesoris

samecniero naSromebs. amje-

rad arCevani maT Tina SioS-

vilis bolo monografiaze –

„ieso qriste qarTul fol-

klorSi“ SeaCeres da qalba-

ton Tina SioSvilis saiubi-

leo TariRs miuZRvnes am me-

tad mniSvnelovani wignis

ganxilva.

„ieso qriste qarTul

folklorSi“ profesor Ti-

na SioSvilis or aTeulamde

monografiaTa Soris

erT–erTia, romelic eZRv-

neba qarTul folklurul

SemoqmedebaSi momuSave saukeneTa ganmavlobaSi

TavCenili macxovris verbaluri xatis Seswavlas.

masSi gaanalizebulia ieso qristes Sobis, sofli-

uri moRvaweobis, jvarcmisa da aRdgomis ciklis

sasuliero–religiuri zepirsityvierebis nimu-

Sebi, qarTul xalxur gamocanebsa da SelocvebSi

daunjebuli mowiweba da usazRvro siyvaruli

adamianTa codvebis mtvirTveli macxovrisadmi;

saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela kuTxis folkluru-

li masalis gaTvaliswinebiT, Seswavlilia qarT-

vel mTqmelTa sulier quraSi gamotarebuli Sexe-

dulebani macxovris samsjavroze, ieso qristeze,

rogorc demiurgsa da piruTvnel msajulze.

simboluri iyo, rom studentebma, wignis sa-

Tauridan gamomdinare, RonisZiebis Catareba

brwyinvale religiuri dResaswaulis – aRdgomis

axlo dReebSi dagegmes.

saRamo Sedga 14 maiss

ormocdameTxuTmete audi-

toriaSi. RonisZiebis pirve-

li nawili daeTmo qalbato-

ni Tina SioSvilisadmi mi-

salmebebsa da milocvebs.

iubilars dabadebis dRe mi-

uloces: reqtoris moadgi-

lem saswavlo akademiur

dargSi, batonma irakli ba-

ramiZem, ganaTlebisa da mec-

nierebaTa fakultetis de-

kanma, profesorma marina qo-

riZem, profesorebma: mamia

faRavam, ramaz xalvaSma, So-

rena maxaWaZem, marina gior-

gaZem, asocirebulma profe-

sorebma: guram baxtaZem, li-

le Tandilavam, naTia far-

tenaZem. meore nawili ki qar-

Tuli literaturis samec-

niero wris studentTa kon-

ferencias daeTmo, momxse-

neblebma warmoadgines iubi-

laris monografiis, – „ieso qriste qarTul fol-

klorSi“, siRrmiseuli analizi. RonisZiebis bo-

los qalbatonma Tina SioSvilma mokled Seajama

Tavisi samecniero–pedagogiuri saqmianoba da

madloba gadauxada studentebsa da damswre sa-

zogadoebas.

kolegebisa da Cveni studentebis saxeliT ki-

dev erTxel vulocavT qalbaton Tinas iubiles.

vusurvebT xangrZliv sicocxlesa da nayofier

moRvaweobas samecniero da pedagogiur sarbiel-

ze.

gguurraamm bbaaxxttaaZZee

qalbaton Tinas!

wels qalbatoni Tina iubilaria, xvavrieli

Semodgoma udgas. axla igi im asakSia, rom SeiZle-

ba mis naRvaw-najafze Tvalis gadavleba da Sefa-

seba. Sesafasebeli ki marTlac bevri aqvs: or aTe-

ulamde wigni (monografiebi, Targmanebi, foklo-

ruli krebulebi...), aTeulobiT samecniero ga-

mokvleva da moxseneba saerTaSoriso Tu adgi-

lobriv samecniero konferenciebsa da simpoziu-

mebze, monawileoba samecniero eqspediciebSi...

TiToeuli calke msjelobis sagania samomavlod,

rasac, bunebrivia, am mcire milocvaSi verc mova-

xerxebT da arc vapirebT. qvemoT mkiTxvels Sev-

TavazebT iubilaris Cveneuli portretis zogad

xazebs.

qalbatoni Tina erTdroulad ramdenime aspa-

rezze iRvwis, maTgan, vfiqrobT, ori ZiriTadia _

samecniero da pedagogiuri, orive asparezze mniS-

vnelovani warmatebiT, Tumca es ori qmnis erT

mTlians, profesoris portrets. igi Cveni univer-

sitetis sruli profesoria, filologiis mecnie-

rebaTa doqtori, ramdenime aTeuli welia qarTul

folklorsa da literaturaTmcodneobis sxva

disciplinebs aswavlis momaval filologebs da,

rac mTavaria, ayvarebs maT xalxur sityvierebas,

saunjes, qarTveli kacis mexsierebas saukuneebi

rom gamoutarebia da dRemde moutania... aCvevs mo-

maval filologebs folkloruli masalebis Seg-

rovebasa da dafasebas, uRvivebs xalxuri sityvie-

rebis siyvaruls...

qalbatoni Tina mkvlevaria, warmatebuli

mkvlevari. erTi mxvriv igi ikvlevs qarTuli xal-

xuri sityvierebis Janrebsa Tu motivebs, meores

mxriv, velze gasuli Tavad agrovebs folklorul

nimuSebs da samecniero mimoqcevaSi Semoaqvs axali

masalebi: axalgazrdobis wlebSi profesor qsenia

sixaruliZis xelmZRvanelobiT mowyobil Tsu-s

folkloristikis kaTedris eqspediciebSi Rebu-

lobda monawileobas (aq daostatda igi rogorc

folkloruli nimuSebis Semgrovebeli da mkvleva-

ri), Semdeg _ baTumis niko berZeniSvilis saxelo-

bis samecniero-kvleviTi institutis folklo-

rul-dialeqtologiur eqspediciebSi, bolo wleb-

Si ki _ rsu-s samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelos sa-

mecniero kvleviTi centris (Semdeg qarTvelolo-

giis institutis) kompleqsuri eqspediciis wevria

da monawile yvela samecniero eqspediciisa, rac

misi saxeliT Catarda aWarisa Tu istoriuli samx-

reT saqarTvelos regionebSi da muhajirTa STamo-

mavlebiT dasaxlebul TurqeTis provinciebSi: ru-

dunebiT agrovebs jer kidev daviwyebas gadarCe-

nil folklorul nimuSebs (araferi emeteba dasa-

kargavad), meores mxriv, minavlebul qarTul sity-

vas aRvivebs TurqeTel qarTvelebSi; qalbatoni

Tinas damsaxurebacaa, rom momavalSi saqarTvelos

aRar daekargeba asimilaciis gzaze damdgari isto-

riuli qarTuli kuTxeebis foklori, metyveleba

da eTnografia.

Cveni iubilaris samecniero moRvaweobis erT

momentsac mivaqcevT mkiTxvelis yuradRebas. igi

erT-erTi ZiriTadi monawilea ,,qarTvelologiis

institutSi’’ ganxorcielebuli sagranto proeq-

tisa ,,SavSeTi’’ da mimdinare proeqtebisa _ ,,klar-

jeTi’’ da ,,muhajirebi’’. misi wyalobiT mravalfe-

rovan qarTul folkloristikas Seemateba samx-

reT saqarTvelos folkloric. es, vfiqrobT, didi

saqmea.

qalbatoni Tinas portrets kidev erTi Strixi

sWirdeba, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs misi pirovnuli Tvi-

sebebi: igi aris Tbili, moyvaruli bebia, deda da me-

uRle, patroni Tbili da stumarTmoyvare qarTu-

li ojaxisa, kargi megobari da kolega universi-

tetSi, pativcemuli qalbatoni qalaqSi... es didi

simdidre adamianebTan misi gulwrfeli damokide-

bulebis nayofia, Tavisi cxovrebis wesiT mopove-

buli.

yovel samuSao dRes modis qalbatoni Tina uni-

versitetSi, Tavisi dardiTa da safiqraliT, yovel

dRe moaqvs CvenTvis Cveni wili Rimili da siTbo,

yovel dRe Sromobs Cvens gverdiT. kabinetSi mo-

sulT Tvali gviZebnis, vikiTxavT... es Cveni yo-

vedRiurobaa. gviyvars da gveimedeba qalbatoni

Tina, _ profesori, mkvlevari, kolega da megoba-

ri...

mmaammiiaa ffaaRRaavvaa

filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori, pro-

fesori Tina SioSvili _ saqarTvelos mwe-

ralTa kavSiris wevri, nayofieri mecnieri, Se-

saniSnavi pedagogi da poeti, 65 wlisaa.

qalbatoni Tina daibada 1948 wlis 15 maiss

kaxeTis ulamazes sofel veliscixeSi. 1970

wels daamTavra iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis filo-

logiis fakulteti. imave wels samuSaod dai-

toves folkloristikis kaTedraze, rogorc

warCinebuli studenti da perspeqtiuli

mkvlevari. 1980 wels daicva sakandidato di-

sertacia Temaze: „Tedo saxokias folkloris-

tuli moRvaweoba“ (mecnier-xelmZRvaneli –

prof. qsenia sixaruliZe), romelic gadaamuSa-

va da wignad gamosca 1987 wels. qalbatoni Ti-

na baTumis pedagogiur institutSi 1981 wli-

dan muSaobs, xolo 1985 wlidan - n. berZeniSvi-

lis saxelobis samecniero–kvleviT

institutSi ufros mecnier-TanamS-

romlad. 2003 wels daicva sadoqtoro

disertacia Temaze: „qarTuli folk-

loris zneobrivi problematika“ da

mravalwliani kvlevis Sedegebi or

tomad gamoaqveyna wignSi „qarTuli

folkloris zneobrivi samyaro“ (2002,

2004). iubilari mkvelvari 150–ze meti

samecniero naSromis, maT Soris ram-

denime monografiis („ilia WavWavaZe

da qarTuli xalxuri simRera“ (2007),

„stumarmaspinZ¬loba qarTul folk-

lorSi“ (2009), „ieso qriste qarTul

folklorSi“ (2012) da sxva) avtoria.

qalbatoni Tina savele muSaobas

studentobis droidan eweva. man Sead-

gina da calke wignebad gamosca qarTu-

li xalxuri Selocvebis (1994), gamoca-

nebisa (1996) da wyevlebis (2006) krebu-

lebi, romlebic didi popularobiT sargeb-

lobs rogorc profesional folkloristTa,

ise mkiTxvelTa farTo wreSi. misi xelmZRvane-

lobiT da aqtiuri monawileobiT ganxorciel-

da araerTi kvleviTi proeqti, rogoricaa:

„patriotizmis ideebi qarTul folklorSi”;

„humanizmis ideebi qarTul folklorSi”; „qar-

Tuli sabavSvo folkloris zneobrivi samya-

ro“; „SavSeTi – istoriul–filologiuri ga-

mokvleva“; „aWaris muslimuri Temi Tanamedro-

veobis konteqstSi“; „muhajirebi (TurqeTis

respublikaSi mcxovreb muhajirTa STamomav-

lobis metyvelebis, folkloris, metyvelebisa

da yofis Semswavleli samecniero programa)“;

„klarjeTi“ da sxva.

T. SioSvils didi wvlili miuZRvis momava-

li folkloristebis aRzrdaSi. misi doqto-

rantebi arian: g. maxaraSvili, l. kukulaZe da

a. kaSia.

qarTuli folklori qalbatoni TinasTvis

erovnuli genis, sulis, identobis gamomxat-

velia da dRes, globalizaciis Semotevis epo-

qaSi, igi erT–erTi mZlavri iaraRia erovnuli

TviTmyofadobis SesanarCuneblad – ase aswav-

lis igi studentebs, ase unergavs maT qarTu-

li tradiciuli zneobrivi Rirebulebebisad-

mi pativiscemas.

aqtiuri samecniero-pedagogiuri moRva-

weobis paralelurad, Tina SioSvili nayofier

mTargmnelobiT saqmianobasac eweva. man Targ-

mna da gamosca agata kristis deteqtiuri

moTxrobebi (1984) da romani „premier-minist-

ris motaceba“ (1997); mixeil romis „oTxi Sex-

vedra nikita xruSCovTan“ (1991) - Targmani

Sesrulebulia S. zoiZesTan erTad; iakob eke-

ris „bibliuri istoria yrmaTaTvis“ (1992) -

Targmani Sesrulebulia n. abaSiZesTan erTad;

lion foixtvangeris „moskovi - 1937“ (1995) -

(Targmani Sesrulebulia a. CxartiSvilTan er-

Tad); hasan helimiSisa (2005) da vladimer vi-

sockis leqsebi (2006).

maRal profesionalizmTan da utyuar al-

RosTan erTad qalbaton Tinas axasiaTebs

principuloba, pirovnuli xibli da gulisxmi-

ereba, rac yovelTvis sasiamovnos xdis masTan

urTierTobas da muSaobas.

qalbatoni Tina didebuli ojaxis patro-

nia. misi meuRle baTumis sakrebulos wevri

aleko CxartiSvilia - farTo erudiciis mqone

kolorituli pirovneba. qaliSvili eka fizi-

ka-maTematikis mecnierebaTa kandidati da

qarTvel inteleqtualTa klubis - „ra? sad?

rodis?“ aqtiuri wevria. qalbatoni Tinas ud-

rood gardacvlili vaJiSvili - soso Cvens qa-

laqSi kompiuteruli teqnologiebis erT-er-

Ti pirveli damnergavi iyo. warCinebuli mos-

wavleebi arian qalbatoni Tinas SviliSvilebi

- qeTi da nata CxartiSvilebi.

vulocavT qalbaton Tinas iubiles, vu-

survebT janmrTelobas, mzegrZelobas da war-

matebebs samecniero-pedagogiur da Semoqme-

debiT moRvaweobaSi.

rraammaazz xxaallvvaaSSii

SSoorreennaa mmaaxxaaWWaaZZee

Turme 65 weli sulac ar yofila bevri, - Za-

launeburad ase mefiqreba, roca vuyureb qal-

baton Tina SioSvils - mudam mofusfuses, saqmi-

ans, nacnobebis Tu ucnobebis sikeTisaTvis

moRvawes, sxvaTaTvis mzrunvels.

arc cotaa: asawonic mravladaa da gansasje-

lic. am xnis ganmavlobaSi cxovrebam sixarulic

bevri anaxa qalbaton Tinas da, samwuxarod,

udidesi tkivilic, asawon-gansasjels rac See-

xeba, universitetSi vberdebi lamis da mixaria,

Tamamad rom SemiZlia Tqma - Tina SioSvilis Se-

saxeb avis da augis mTqmels, sanTliT rom eZebo,

ver ipovi. am 65 wlis monagaria es - marTali

cxovrebis monagari.

mravalricxovan samecniero naSromTagan

ramdenimes vasaxeleb mxolod: ,,ieso qriste

qarTul folklorSi“, ,,wminda giorgi qarTul

xalxur sasuliero poeziaSi“ , ,,qarTuli folk-

loris zneobrivi samyaro‘’, ,,qristianobisa da

sasuliero folkloris roli qarTveli eris

zneobriv srulqmnaSi“, ,,RvTismSobeli qarTul

folklorSi“, ,,dedis saxe qarTul xalxur

eposSi“, ,,legenda dedis gulze...’’

es Tina SioSvilis samecniero saqmianobis

erTi mxarea. CamoTvliT ki naSromebi imitom Ca-

movTvale, rom darwmunebuli var, adamianis xa-

siaTi, buneba, sulierebac ki mis interesebze

dakvirvebiTac SeiZleba Seicno. es saTaurebi

Tina SioSvilis vinaobaze miuTiTebs uTuod.

rogor ar vaxseno eqspediciebi SavSeTsa

Tu klarjeTSi, taosa Tu sperSi, uniasa Tu

gurgenTefeSi (muhajirebTan). xSirad minaxavs,

rogori siyvaruliT efereba oSkisa Tu ber-

Tas, sinkoTisa Tu forTas naSal kedlebs, ro-

gori tkiviliani SeupovrobiT adis xolme us-

tamisis Tu xanTuSeTis, saTlelisa Tu Caqvel-

Tas cixis Znelad saval bilikebze - maSinac ki,

roca Takara sicxea da siaruli Zalian, Zalian

uWirs.

me vicnob Tina SioSvils rogorc maswavle-

bels, rogorc kolegasa da megobars, rogorc

mecniers, rogorc mweralsa da mTargmnels, -

Cemi upirvelesi sazomi mainc universitetia da,

vfiqrob, rom qalbatoni Tina imaT Sorisaa, vinc

qmnis Cveni umaRlesi saswavleblis sasikeTo sa-

xes...

65 weli arc bevria da arc cota-meTqi,

vTqvi da minda gulwrfelad mivuloco iubile

qalbaton Tinas, vusurvo bevri sixaruli da

warmateba Sin Tu gareT, cxovrebasa Tu moRva-

weobaSi.

mmaallxxaazz CCooxxaarraaZZee

ieso qriste qarTul folklorSi

marTali cxovrebis monagari

Tina SioSvili - 65

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo uni-

versitetSi bevri kargi leqtoria. zogjer imde-

nad kargic, rom students survili uCndeba mTe-

li saswavlo kursi aseTma gamorCeulma leqtor-

ma aswavlos da sagani ar Seecvalos. maT Soris,

aris qalbatoni Tina SioSvili, romelic gvaswav-

lida zepirsityvierebas, folklors. is aris

mSvenieri qalbatoni, Tavisi saqmis namdvili pro-

fesionali. mas SeuZlia erTdroulad SeiTavsos

Zlieri profesoris, kargi mandilosnis, kargi

dedis saxeli. xmamaRla SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom ar

arsebobs studenti, visac qalbatoni Tina ar uy-

vardes da ar afasebdes. profesori Tina SioSvi-

li imdenad dadebiTia, rom „veravin masSi ver po-

vebs avsa, mis saSfoTvelos da saqenjnavsa.“

Cven, profesor Tina SioSvili erTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi gvaswavlida da gulwrfelad vaRi-

arebT, rom masSi uaryofiTi ver davinaxeT, is

yvelasadmi pozitiurad iyo ganwyobili, rac nam-

dvili profesoris erT-erTi TvalsaCino da me-

tad dasafasebeli Tvisebaa. misma profesiona-

lizmma da pirovnebam imdenad didi gavlena iqo-

nia Cvenze, rom studentebis umravlesoba lamis

profesor Tinas samoR-

vaweo gzas daadga, rad-

gan icoda, rom kidev

ramdenime wlis gatare-

ba mouwevda mis gver-

diT da TviTonac gax-

deboda kargi profeso-

ri, ra Tqma unda, qalba-

toni Tinas wyalobiT.

masTan erTad gatare-

buli wlebi ki namdvi-

lad tkbili da sargeb-

lis momtani iqneboda

misTvis.

qalbaton Tinas

hqonda SemuSavebuli meTodebi, raTa arcerTi

studenti ar yofiliyo usaqmod da vinc gamorCe-

ulad swavlobda, maTTvis kidev ufro meti sti-

muli mieca. Cven ar SegviZlia daviviwyoT misi di-

di saCuqari, romelic CvenTvis saamyo da sasixa-

rulo iyo. roca meore kurss vamTavrebdiT da

gamocdebi mogvadga kars, qalbatonma Tinam ga-

nacxada aseTi ram: „vinc friads miiRebs, mas sa-

Cuqrad gadavscem Cems wigns“. siamovnebiT gavix-

senebT amasTan dakavSirebul kuriozs. friadi

bevrma daimsaxura, qalbatoni Tina ki veRar auvi-

da wignebis motanas da erTxel gviTxra: „erTi-

ori studenti gamomyeviT saxlSi, raTa TqvenT-

vis gadmosacemi wignebis wamoRebaSi damexma-

roT.”

qalbaton Tinas wigni „ieso qriste qarTul

folklorSi“ dagvrCa saxsovrad, magram misdami

siyvaruli CvenSi imdenad didi iyo, rom gvindo-

da mcirediT mainc gamogvexata pativiscema da

siTbo, amitomac gadavwyviteT misi wignis pre-

zentaciis gakeTeba, romelic 2013 wlis 14 maiss

gaimarTa da daemTxva mis iubiles. 14 momxsenebe-

li warsdga Cveni kursidan. daaxloebiT saaTna-

xevars gagrZelda procesi. vfiqrobT, iq myofi

sazogadoeba kmayofili darCa da rac mTavaria,

qalbatoni Tinac, rac Canda misi saxis gamomety-

velebidan da iqve warmoTqmul amaRelvebel

frazebSi, romelSic Caqsovili iyo didi siTbo,

siyvaruli da emocia.

amrigad, qalbatoni Tina yovelmxriv gamor-

Ceuli pirovnebaa. man SeZlo yoveli studentis

siyvarulis mopoveba, miuxedavad maTi akademiu-

ri warmatebisa. qarTuli filologiis me-3 kur-

sis studentebi qalbaton Tinas vusurvebT did-

xans sicocxles, janmrTelobasa da Semoqmede-

biT warmatebebs. ufali iyos Tqveni mfarveli!

qqaarrTTuullii eenniissaa ddaa lliitteerraattuurriiss ssppeecciiaalloobbiiss

mmeessaammee kkuurrssiiss ssttuuddeenntteebbii

`veravin masSi ver povebs avsa, mis saSfoTvelos da saqenjnavsa~

66mmaaiissii

qarTuli filosofiuri azrov-

nebis didi warmomadgeneli, filo-

sofiis mecnierebaTa doqtori,

profesori, saqarTvelos mecnie-

rebaTa akademiis akademikosi, sa-

qarTvelos mecnierebis damsaxure-

buli moRvawe kote baqraZe daibada

TbilisSi 1898 wels. deda adre gar-

daecvala. mravalSviliani ojaxis

meurveoba mamam, im droisaTvis

cnobilma inteligentma da sazoga-

do moRvawem spiridon baqraZem

ikisra.

cxra wlis kote Tbilisis qar-

Tuli gimnaziis moswavle xdeba. igi

swavlisadmi uCveulo interess av-

lenda da aqtiurad monawileobda

sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSic. 1914

wels gminaziis moswavleebis mier

xelnawer almanax `mzeSi~ gamoqvey-

nda kote baqraZis werili indur

filosofiaze. am werilSi ori ram

gamoCnda: ymawvilis saocari niWie-

reba da filosofiiT gataceba.

1918 wels daarsebul Tbilisis

saxelmwifo universitetSi kote

baqraZe sibrZnismetyvelebis fa-

kultetis studenti xdeba. aq maSin

filosofiis swavlebas xelmZRva-

nelobda cnobili qarTveli filo-

sofosi Salva nucubiZe. misi leq-

ciebi da seminarebi waruSlel STa-

beWdilebas tovebda studentebSi.

filosofiis seminarebSi aqtiuri

monawiloebiT, azrovnebis siRrmi-

Ta da sizustiT yvelaze metad

studenti kote baqraZe gamoirCeo-

da. amis gamo Salva nucubiZe mas

gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcev-

da. 1922 wels daamTavra kote baq-

raZem sibrZnismetyelebis fakul-

teti da imavdroulad, yvelaze

mniSvnelovani movlena mis cxovre-

baSi iyo is, rom Salva nucubiZis

rekomendaciiT universitetSi da-

toves saprofesorod mosamzadeb-

lad. amave wels JurnalSi `Cveni

mecniereba~ gamoqveynda kote baq-

raZis pirveli mecnieruli Sroma

àleTologiuri realizmi~, ro-

melSic gadmoecmuli iyo Salva nu-

cubiZis folosofiuri sistemis

Sinaarsi.

1922 wels Tbilisis universi-

tetma kote baqraZe miavlina germa-

niaSi, filosofiuri codnis gaRr-

mavebis mizniT. igi iq monawileob-

da h. rikertisa da ebinhauzis semi-

narebSi. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelo-

vani yofila misTvis e. huserlis, r.

kroneris, i. konis, g. melisis, T. be-

keris leqciebi da seminarebi.

1925 wels kote baqraZe brunde-

ba gasabWoebul saqarTveloSi. er-

Ti wlis Sedeg is Tbilisis univer-

sitetis asistenti xdeba, Semdeg

abarebs sadoqtoro gamocdebs.

1928 wels igi universitetis do-

centad airCies, 1930 wels _ pro-

fesorad.

1929 wels gamoqveynda kote baq-

raZis monografia `dialeqtikis

problema germanul idealizmSi~,

1936 wels gamovida misi wigni `sis-

tema da meTodi hegelis filoso-

fiaSi~. am naSromebSi gamovlinda

pirvelad kote baqraZis Rrma fi-

losofiuri azrovneba da rTuli

sakiTxebis gaSuqebis naTeli sti-

li.

rogorc cnobilia, 1935 wlis

seqtemberSi gaixsna baTumis samas-

wavleblo instituti. institutSi

axladdaarsebul socialur-poli-

tikur mecnierebaTa kaTderas sa-

TaveSi Caudga profesori kote baq-

raZe. aq is 1938 wlamde muSaobda,

Tumca baTumTan kavSiri mas araso-

des gauwyvetia, sistematiurad Ca-

modioda CvenTan, saWiro konsul-

taciebs uwevda filosofiis ka-

Tedris leqtor-maswavleblebs da

exmareboda maT kvalifikaciis

amaRlebaSi. Cemi magaliTic minda

gavixseno: gasuli saukunis 50-iani

wlebis Sua xanebSi, me rom Tbili-

sis saxelmwifo universitetis fi-

losofiis specialobaze vswav-

lobdi, vgrZnobdi batoni kotes

mxriv ganuwyvetel yuradRebas, xo-

lo 60-iani wlebis bolos, baTumSi

morigi stumrobis dros swored

man sTxova filosofiis kaTedris

gamges baton mixeil stamboliS-

vils Cemi kaTedraze samuSaod mow-

veva, rac dadebiTad gadawyda 1969

wlis seqtemberSi. vfiqrob, amis

aRniSvna baTumTan dakavSirebiT

saWiro iyo CvenTan mimarTebaSi ba-

ton kotes didi zrunvisa da amagis

dafasebisa da ardaviwyebisaTvis.

gasuli saukunis 40-iani wlebis

Sua xanebidan batoni kote baqraZe

iwyebs intensiur muSaobas logikis

dargSi. 1946 wels gamovida misi

`logikis~ saxelmZRvanelo peda-

gogiuri saswavleblebisaTvis; mi-

si `logikis~ saxelmZRvanelo saSu-

alo skolebisaTvis gamoqveynda

1947, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1954 da 1955

wlebSi. 1951 wels rusul enaze ga-

movida misi logikis saxelmZRvane-

lo umaRlesi saswavleblebisaT-

vis, romelsac rezonansi hqonda

maSindeli kavSiris masStabiT. lo-

gikis saxelmZRvanelo qarTuli um-

Rlesi saswavleblebisaTvis gamoi-

ca 1954 da 1955 wlebSi.

amasTanave mis mravalmxriv

moRvaweobaSi batoni kote mainc,

ZiriTadad, warmogivdgeba rogorc

filosofiis istoriis mkvlevari.

gasuli saukunis 20-ian da 30-ian

wlebSi germanuli klasikuri fi-

losofiisadmi miZRvnili zemoaR-

niSnuli fundamenturi naSromebis

gamoqveynebisa da garkveuli dro-

is SualediT logikis saxelmZRva-

neloebis Seqmnaze yuradRebis ga-

datanis Semdeg batoni kotes in-

tensiuri kvlevis sagani xdeba XX

saukunis dasavleTis burJuaziu-

li filosofiis sakiTxebi, rasac

araerTi naSromi miuZRvna. maT So-

ris aRsaniSnavia 1955 wels gamqvey-

nebuli wigni: `Tanamedrove ameri-

kul-inglisuri filosofia impe-

rializmis samsaxurSi.~ 1960 wels,

TbilisSi, rusul enaze gamovida

misi wigni «Î÷åðêè ïî èñòîðèè

íîâåéøåé è ñîâðåìåííîé áóðæóàçíîé

ôèëîñîôèè», 1962 wels gamoica misi

ègzistencializmi~, 1965 wels _

`pragmatizmi.~

amis Semdeg profesori kote

baqraZe kvlav ubrundeba axali

drois filosofiis safuZvlian ga-

mokvlevas da 1969 wels aqveynebs

uaRresad saintereso naSroms: à-

xali filosofiis istoria~, nawili

I. Cafiqrebuli hqonda am wignis me-

2 nawilis dawerac, sadac gaSuqebu-

li iqneboda germanuli klasikuri

filosofia da momdevno periodi

XX saukunemde. magram, samwuxarod,

veRar moaswro, 1970 wels akademi-

kosi kote baqraZe gardaicvala.

ras izam, ulmobelia sikvdili. aqve

minda aRvniSno, rom XX saukunis

qarTuli filosofiis didi kori-

feebis Salva nucubiZis, kote baq-

raZisa da savle wereTlis am qvey-

nidan wasvlis Semdeg filosofiu-

ri cxovreba maRalnayofierad ga-

agrZeles maTma saxelovanma mowa-

feebma, romlebmac TavianTi Semoq-

medebiTi SromiT axal simaRleze

aiyvanes qarTuli filosofiuri

azrovneba.

akademikos kote baqraZis es

auditoria misi saxelis ukvdave-

basTan erTad im didi Rvawlis da-

fasebacaa, rac mas miuZRvis Cveni

umaRlesi saswavleblis winaSe, ga-

suli saukunis 30-iani wlebidan

1970 wlamde, Tavisi saxelovani

moRvaweobis periodSi. me axlac

maxsovs, roca 1969 wlis Semodgo-

maze, baTumSi misi morigi sturmo-

bis dros batonebis mixeil stambo-

liSvilsa da kote bolqvaZesTan

erTad am korpusis axladgaremon-

tebul auditoriebs vaTvaliereb-

diT, batonma kotem am auditoria-

zec miuTiTa da Tqva, rom 1936-38

wlebSi xSirad uxdeboda aq leqci-

ebis wakiTxva. amieridan, universi-

tetis pirveli kurpusis #32 audi-

toria akademikos kote baqraZis sa-

xels atarebs.

dasasruls gvinda madloba ga-

davuxadoT universitetis req-

tors, baton alioSa bakuriZes,

universitetis akademiur sabWos,

Cveni umaRlesi saswavleblis 75

wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT rom da-

akmayofiles filosofiis depar-

tamentis Txovna: erT-erT audito-

rias mikuTvneboda akademikos ko-

te baqraZis saxeli. dRevandeli

RonisZieba swored amis ganxorcie-

lebaa.

rroommaann zzoossiiZZee,,filosofiis doqtori

interviu amerikidan movli-

nebul inglisuri enis (ELF) pro-

fesorTan, doqtor kkaarrllaa mmoorr--tteennsseennTTaann

amerikis SeerTebuli State-

bidan movlinebuli (ELF) profe-

sori, karla mortenseni 2012-2013

saswavlo wlebSi baTumis SoTa

rusTavelis saxelmwifo univer-

sitetis evropeistikis departa-

mentis da turizmis fakultetis

studentebs leqciebis kurss

ukiTxavda. ambobs, rom saqarTve-

lo umSvenieresi qveyanaa, aq bev-

ri ram moewona, xolo baTumSi

cxovreba misTvis Zalian didi si-

amovneba iyo. misive TqmiT, qarT-

veli studentebi inglisuri enis

swavlis TvalsazrisiT, mondeme-

bulni arian.

-qalbatono karla, ras gvety-

viT Tqvens Sesaxeb?

- me amerikis SeerTebuli Sta-

tebidan, oregonis Statidan, ker-

Zod, qalaq portlendidan var. vas-

wavli portlendis saxelmwifo

universitetSi intensiuri ingli-

suri enis programas. Cemi studen-

tebi msoflios sxvadasxva qveyni-

dan arian. daojaxebuli ar var.

myavs ori kata, erTi - saqarTve-

loSi da erTic - oregonSi.

- rogoria Tqveni STabeWdi-

lebebi saqarTvelosa da baTum-

ze?

- saqarTvelo umSvenieresi qve-

yanaa, ulamazesi eniTa da uZvelesi

kulturiT. mouTmenlad veli sas-

wavlo wlis dasrulebas, rom Tavi-

suflad SevZlo saqarTvelos sxva

kuTxeebSi mogzauroba. rac Seexe-

ba baTums, es qalaqi nazavia Zveli-

sa da axlis, warsulisa da awmyosi,

aRmosavlurisa da dasavlurisa.

didi siamovneba miviRe am qalaqSi

cxovrebiT, baTumis ulamazes qu-

CebSi da parkebSi seirnobiT. yve-

laze metad ki baTumis bulvari da

baTumis parkSi ganTavsebuli zoo-

parki momewona.

-ras saqmianobdiT baTumis sa-

xelmwifo universitetis evro-

peistikis departamentSi?

- baTumis saxelmwifo universi-

tetSi vaswavlidi or

departamentSi – evro-

peistikis da turizmis

departamentebSi. vas-

wavlidi sxvadasxva sa-

gans: inglisuri enis

gramatikas, biznes ing-

lisurs, amerikismcod-

neobas, akademiur we-

ras, inglisur enas tu-

rizmis fakultetis

studentebisaTvis. ase-

ve vaswavlidi inglisu-

ri filologiis mimar-

Tulebis magistran-

tebs. sistematurad

veswrebodi da monito-

rings vuwevdi evrope-

istikis departamentis in-

glisuri filologiis mi-

marTulebis profesor-

maswavleblebs. amavdrou-

lad vuZRvebodi yovelk-

vireul debatebis klubs.

aseve movawyve konferen-

cia inglisuri enis swav-

lebis meTodebze, romel-

Sic sxvadasxva qveynis 100-

ze metma inglisuri enis

maswavlebelma miiRo mona-

wileoba.

- ra STabeWdileba da-

grCaT qarTvel studen-

tebze?

-Zalian miyvars Cemi studente-

bi. isini mondomebulebi arian is-

wavlon inglisuri ena. mixaria da

miadvildeba maTTan muSaoba. isini

sakmaod kargad floben ingli-

surs, magram cotaTi moridebule-

bi arian. vusurveb, rom metad Se-

movidnen kontaqtSi da meti isaub-

ron.

-raime saintereso istorias

xom ver gaixsenebdiT, rac saqar-

TveloSi Tqvens yofnas ukavSir-

deba?

- gasuli wlis Semodgomaze qe-

daSi viyavi xalxur dResaswaulze.

erTi patara biWi momiaxlovda da

momesalma. mec mivesalme, erTma-

neTs gavecaniT. man Rvino dalia

CemTan erTad, madRegrZela (gau-

marjos!) da survili gamoTqva, mu-

dam Cems megobrad darCeniliyo. me

mas Cemi eleqtronuli misamarTi

miveci da vuTxari – daicaviT

Tqveni tradiciebi, iswavleT ing-

lisuri ena da mudam megobrad

davrCeT-meTqi (internetis meSve-

obiT)!

- ra mogewonaT da ra ar moge-

wonaT saqarTveloSi yofnis

dros?

-ubralod, Cemi survilia rom

universitetis auditoriebSi meti

kompiuteri da swavlisaTvis auci-

lebeli sxva saWiro aRWurviloba

iyos. universitetis biblioTeka

pataraa. roca yvela studenti er-

Tad laparakobs, auditoriebSi

xmauria.

rac ar momewona sa-

qarTveloSi, es cudi mZ-

Rolebia (xSirad arRve-

ven wesrigs).

mowonebiT ki bevri

ram momewona, upirve-

les yovlisa, qarTveli

xalxi da qarTveli stu-

dentebi, baTumis unive-

rsitetis araCveuleb-

rivi adgilmdebareoba –

xediT Sav zRvaze. saer-

Tod, yvelaferi mom-

wons saqarTveloSi da

baTumSi!

kote baqraZis cxovreba da moRvaweoba

saqarTvelo umSvenieresi qveyanaa

77mmaaiissii

w e r i l i m e o r e

pirvel werilSi (gaz. “baTumis

universiteti”, 4, aprili, 2013)

Cven ganvixi¬leT gia dvalis xelm-

ZRvanelobiT SemuSavebuli kon-

cefciis proeqtis is nawili, rome-

lic exeboda ZiriTadad umaRlesi

ganaTlebis reformis sakiTxebs.

winamdebare werilSi SevexebiT

igive proeqts sauniversiteto da

arasauniversiteto mecnierebis

reformis Sesaxeb.

sauniversiteto mecniereba.

proeqti kidev erTxel ganmartavs,

rom wamyvani universitetebi, amave

dros, wamyvani samecniero-kvlevi-

Ti centrebia. universitetis pro-

fesorebi aqtiurad arian CarTu-

li samecniero muSaobaSi da uz-

runvelyofilni arian kvlevisaT-

vis aucilebeli resursebiT (la-

boratoriuli farTi, xelsawyo-

danadgarebi, samecniero da teqni-

kuri personali). profesorebis

nawili SeiZleba kvlevas awarmoeb-

des universitetis farglebs ga-

reTac.

kvlevebisaTvis saWiro resursebia:

1. pirdapir universitetidan

miRebuli erTjeradi an regula-

ruli xasiaTis dafinanseba. erT-

jeradi dafinansebis magaliTia

e.w. sastarto granti, romelic eZ-

leva universitetSi axlad miRe-

bul profesors misi laboratori-

is an kvleviTi jgufis sawyisi

mowyobisaTvis. grantis odenoba

ganisazRvreba profesorsa da uni-

versitets Soris molaparakebis

Sedegad.

2 dafinansebis meore wyaroa

profesoris mier mopovebuli gare

granti.

3. ama Tu im dargis efeqturad

ganviTarebis mizniT, universi-

tetma SeiZleba Seqmnas kvlevis

dargobrivi instituti an centri.

centrSi gaerTianebuli mkvleva-

rebi damatebiT dafinansebas iRe-

ben universitetidan. isini qmnian

erTgvarad gamorCeul inteleq-

tualur masas mecnierebis maRal

doneze gasaviTareblad. am mizniT,

universitetma SeiZleba kerZo do-

norebi moizidos. gansakuTrebiT

msxvili donoris arsebobis SemTx-

vevaSi SeiZleba centrs donoris

saxeli daerqvas. amgvarad, univer-

sitetTan arsebuli samecniero

centri finansebis mozidvis wya-

rodac gvevlineba.

arasauniversiteto mecniere-

ba. arasauniversiteto mecniereba

moicavs mecnierebis im nawils, ro-

melic bazirebulia universitete-

bis gareT arsebul akademiur da-

wesebulebebSi. oRond masSi ar

igulisxmeba iseTi samecniero

kvlevebi, romlebic, marTalia,

tardeba universitetis gareT,

magram ar miekuTvneba sazogadoe-

bisaTvis xelmisawvdom sferos (ma-

galiTad, kvlevebi, romlebsac

awarmoeben kerZo kompaniebi, sa-

xelmwifo gasaidumloebuli la-

boratoriebi da a.S.).

koncefciis proeqtSi ganxilu-

lia mxolod sazogadoebisaTvis

xelmisawvdomi kvlevebi, romelTa

Sedegebi qveyndeba periodikaSi da

romlebiTac SeiZleba isargeblos

msoflios nebismierma mkvlevarma.

aseTi samecniero dawesebulebe-

bi SeiZleba daiyos or kategoriad.

pirveli kategoriis samecnie-

ro-kvleviTi instituti aris sru-

li avtonomiis mqone mravaldar-

gobrivi instituti, romelic ar

moiazreba ufro didi erTeulis

nawilad.

meore kategoriis institutebi

ufro fokusirebulia romelime

konkretul dargze. magaliTad,

maqs plankis saxelobis instituti

germaniaSi.

universitetebisagan gansxva-

vebiT, es institutebi ar arian

CarTulni bakalavriatis saswav-

lo procesSi, magram aqtiurad mo-

nawileoben doqtorantebis momza-

debaSi, samecniero kvlevebSi maT

CarTvaSi.

am kvleviTi institutebis war-

mateba, universitetebis msgavsad,

efuZneba akademiur Tavisufle-

bas. es institutebi msoflioSi ga-

moCenili mecnierebis garSemo aSe-

nebuli struqturebia, sa-

dac mecnierebs aqvT sruli

ufleba airCion kvlevis sa-

gani da personalic.

mokled, am institute-

bis mTavari struqturuli

principi harnakis princip-

ia, romlis ZiriTadi azri

isaa, rom samecniero insti-

tuti mecnieris pirovneba-

ze centrirebuli kvleviTi

organizaciaa. aqac mecnie-

ris akademiuri Tavisufle-

ba daculia tenuaris siste-

miT, romelic Tavisi Sina-

arsiT sauniversiteto te-

nuaris msgavsia.

institutis mTavari

TviTmmarTveli organo

aris tenuirebuli mecnierebis

kreba. institutSic arsebobs ga-

reSe mrCevelTa sabWo, romelic

dakompleqtebulia msoflio do-

nis wamyvani specialistebiT. sab-

Wos wevrebs irCevs institutis

umaRlesi administracia droebiT,

magaliTad, 3 wlis vadiT. es sabWo

periodulad axdens institutis

muSaobis monitorings, avlens xar-

vezebs,wers saTanado daskvnas.

magram arc sabWos da arc adminis-

tracias, akademiuri Tavisufle-

bis koncefciidan gamomdinare, ar

SeuZlia pidapir aukrZalos te-

nuirebul mecniers kvlevis gagr-

Zeleba, Tumca SeuZlia kvlevebis

mizanSewoniloba gaxados deta-

luri gansjis sagnad, rasac pers-

peqtivaSi SeiZleba mohyves moce-

muli proeqtis dafinansebis

SezRudva an Sewyveta.

rogorc vxedavT, sauniversite-

to sistemis msgavsad, sainstituto

sistema Sedgeba 3 mmarTveli rgo-

lisagan: tenuirebul mkvlevar-

profesorTa kreba, institutis

umaRlesi administracia (prezi-

denti) da gareSe mrCevelTa sabWo.

proeqtSi aRniSnulia, rom sa-

instituto mecnierebis didi upi-

ratesoba aris biujetidan garan-

tirebuli kvleviTi dafinanseba.

es gamoricxavs grantis miRebaze

zedmet fiqrsa da zrunvas da

mkvlevarebs saSualeba eZlevaT

kvlevis strategia dagegmon ufro

xangrZlivi vadiT, vidre amas mok-

levadiani sagranto sistema iZle-

va. amdagvari sainstituto samec-

niero-kvleviTi sistema warmate-

biT Tanaarsebobs sauniversiteto

kvlevebis sistemis gverdiT da av-

sebs mas. Sesabamisad, koncefciis

avtorebi miiCneven, rom aseTi ori

sistemis Tanaarseboba aucileb-

lad unda Caidos qveynis mecnieru-

li mowyobis strategiaSi, rasac ar

SeiZleba ar daveTanxmoT. magram

mainc gviCndeba ritorikuli kiTx-

va: gana mecnierebaTa akademiis

sakmaod Zlieri institutebis Sem-

TxvevaSi gamoricxuli iyo an gamo-

ricxulia aseTi Tanaarseboba?

aRniSnul kiTxvaze pasuxs iZ-

leva samecniero sistemis mowyobi-

sa da ganviTarebis harnakis prin-

cipi, romlis arsia akademiuri Ta-

visufleba. koncefciis proeqtis

avtorTa azriT, sabWoTa kavSirSi

xdeboda samecniero sistemis har-

nakis principze mowyobis imitacia

mecnierebaTa akademiis institu-

tebis saxiT. igive viTareba iyo

respublikebSic. gasagebi mizeze-

bis gamo, sabWoTa kavSirSi SeuZle-

beli iyo akademiuri Tavisufle-

bis danergva. samarTlianoba mo-

iTxovs aRiniSnos, rom es sruli

WeSmaritebaa. amis SeuZleblobas

Seewira swored im periodis bevri

cnobili mecnieri, bevris sicocx-

le kidev safrTxis qveS aRmoCnda.

koncefciis proeqtis mixed-

viT, saqarTveloSi unda Seiqmnas

WeSmaritad harnakis principze da-

fuZnebuli sainstituto mecnie-

ruli sazogadoeba. amisaTvis,

konkursis da saerTaSoriso eqs-

pertTa daxmarebiT, unda gamov-

lindes is calkeuli institutebi,

romelTa bazaze SeiZleba moxdes

ganaxlebuli institutebis Seqmna.

aseT sicocxlisunarian insti-

tutebSi unda moxdes mecnierTaT-

vis tenuaris statusis miniWeba

konkursis gziT, gareSe, miukerZoe-

beli komitetis mier. agreTve yu-

radReba unda mieqces axali kadre-

bis garedan mozidvasac. amis Semdeg

unda Seiqmnas marTvis zemoaRniSnu-

li sami rgoli (tenuirebul mecni-

erTa sabWo, umaRlesi administra-

cia da gareSe mrCevelTa sabWo).

yovelive aRniSnulis miuxeda-

vad, mainc ibadeba kiTxva: ratomaa

mxolod uaryofiT konteqstSi

moxseniebuli mecnierebaTa akade-

mia? cnobilia, rom gasageb xarve-

zebTan erTad, mecnierebaTa akade-

miasTan dakavSirebulia umniSvne-

lovanesi miRwevebi samamulo (da

ara mxolod samamulo) mecniereba-

Si. ra uSlis xels universitets

gareT arsebuli, ukve harnakis

principis mixedviT mowyobili,

akademiuri Tavisuflebis mqone

samecniero institutebis gaerTi-

anebas Sesabamisad ganaxlebul

mecnierebaTa akademiis sistemaSi?

akademiisa, romlis avtoriteti-

saTvis nikoloz musxeliSvilis da

ilia vekuas saxelebic ikmarebda

da romlis pirobebSic akademiuri

xarisxisa da samecniero muSaobi-

sadmi meti stimuli, interesi da

pasuxismgebloba iqneboda.

ra Tqma unda, Cven ar vyofT sau-

niversiteto ganaTlebasa da mecni-

erebas, magram ,,arasauniversiteto

mecnierebad” saxeldebuli da uni-

versitets gareT arsebuli samec-

niero institutebis gaerTianeba

erTian sistemaSi organizaciuli

TvalsazrisiTac ufro gamarTle-

buli Cans, vinaidan qveynis masSta-

biT ori didi saqmis - saskolo da

sauniversiteto ganaTlebis sfe-

rosa da arasauniversiteto mecnie-

rebis sferos erTad movla Zneli

da naklebad efeqturi gveCveneba.

koncefciis proeqtSi sauba-

ria, agreTve, axali samecniero in-

stitutis sacdeli vadiT (vTqvaT,

5 wliT) Seqmnis SesaZleblobaze da

adamianur faqtorTan (mecnier-

TanamSromlebTan) dakavSirebul

problemazec.

mecnieri SeiZleba warmatebu-

li ar iyos, magram man daamtkica

erTguleba mecnierebisadmi da Ta-

visi wvlili Seitana mecnieruli

atmosferos Seqmna-SenarCunebaSi.

mecnieruli kolegialobidan ga-

momdinare, aseT mkvlevrebs unda

SeunarCundeT xelfasi da mieceT

SesaZlebloba mecnieruli moRva-

weobis gasagrZeleblad. SeiZleba

isini gamogvadgnen skolis maswav-

leblebis rigebis Sesavsebad. sa-

mecniero xarisxis mqone skolis

maswavleblebs unda SeeqmnaT Zli-

eri materialuri daintereseba.

rogorc vxedavT, kadrebisadmi

midgomis TvalsazrisiT, koncef-

ciis proeqti mecnierebis refor-

mis SemTxvevaSic humanurobiT ga-

moirCeva.

nnooddaarr bbaarraammiiZZee,

fsiqologiis mecnierebaTa

doqtori,

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis

saxelmwifo universitetis

sruli profesori

umaRlesi ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis

reformis koncefciis proeqti sauniversiteto

da arasauniversiteto mecnierebis Sesaxeb

turizmis fakultetis mesame

kursis studentebma „kimpin jgu-

fi” Seqmnes. misi erT-erTi xelm-

Rvaneli turizmis fakultetis

mesame kursis studenti robi ba-

qaniZea: „turizmis fakultetis

studentebma TviTmmarTvelobas-

Tan erTad SevqmeniT „kimpin“

jgufi, romlis erT-erTi xelm-

ZRvanelic me var. 12 maiss mivdi-

varT didaWaraSi, es RonisZieba

Cven davukavSureT turizmis fa-

kultetis tradiciul RonisZie-

bas da gadavwyviteT waviyvanoT

Cveni studentebi da is aseve

ucxoeli studentebi,romlebic

CvenTan swavloben. vgegmavT 200

studentis wayvanas, 100 studen-

ti iqneba turizmis fakulteti-

dan, 60 studenti iqneba baTumSi

arsebuli sxvadasxva universite-

tidan, (sazRvao akademia, xelov-

nebis universiteti da biznes

centri) da danarCeni 40 adamiani

wamova TviTmmarTvelobidan.

mxardamWeri aris sportisa axal-

gazrdobis saqmeTa saministro, es

aris erTdRiani, istoriul-re-

ligiuri Sinaarsis RonisZieba,

vgegmavT filmis gadaRebas, yve-

laferi es _ RonisZiebac da

filmis gadaRebac ganxorciel-

deba studentebis monawileobiT.

Cveni jgufi aseve gegmavs sxva ara

erT RonisZiebas, romelic eta-

pobrivad daigegmeba da Sesrul-

deba“.

1122 mmaaiissii......

12 maiss, andria pirvelwode-

bulis xsenebis dRes, baTumis So-

Ta rusTavelis saxelmwifo uni-

versitetis studentebi xulos

raionis sofel didaWaraSi gaemg-

zavrnen. „yvelaferi gegmis mi-

xedviT ganxorcielda, gamogviy-

ves aTi samarSruto

taqsi, romelsac hqon-

da numeracia. pirvelad

avediT xulos centrSi,

sadac andria pirvel-

wodebulis saxelobis

eklesiaSi moviloceT,

Semdeg wavediT didaWa-

raSi, sadac andria pir-

velwodebuli, svimon

kananelTan erTad pir-

velad SemobrZanda sa-

qarTveloSi. marTlac

saamayoa, rom studen-

tebma vnaxeT es adgile-

bi, iqve movawyveT pik-

niki da erTamaneTs Cve-

ni STabeWdilebebi ga-

vuziareT. Cveni marS-

rutis bolo gaCereba

iyo maxunceTis CanCqe-

ri. xelmZRvanelebma 200 stu-

dents sruli mobilizacia gavu-

keTeT da yvelaferi winaswar gan-

sazRvruli wesebis Sesabamisad

ganxorcileda. iyo kuriozebic...

gawvimda... marTlac saxaliso iyo,

„talaxiT gaviTxupneT“ da gada-

viReT samaxsovro fotoebi. esec

studenturi cxovrebis sainte-

reso nawilia“, _ saubrobs 12 mai-

sis STabeWdilebebis Sesaxeb robi

baqaniZe.

„kimpin jgufi“ araerT Ronis-

Ziebas gegmas, romelic etapobri-

vad ganxorcieldeba“, _ erTxmad

amboben jgufis xelmZRvanelebi:

robi baqaniZe, beso bolqvaZe da

mindia kurcxaliZe.


istoriis specialobis

mesame kursis studenti

turizmis fakultetis tradiciuli RonisZieba

88mmaaiissii

medicinis mecnierebaTa doqtori,

profesori ramaz surmaniZe 80 wlis gaxda.

es asaki TavisTavad sapatioa, magram roca

baton ramazis mier dRemde Rirseulad mo-

tanil rva aTeul wels gadavxedavT, davr-

wmundebiT mis mier ganvlili yoveli weli

isea datvirTuli movlenebiT, sazogado-

ebrivi moRvaweobiT, SemoqmedebiTi monaga-

riT, rom ramdenime wels udris.

es saintereso, mravalferovani cxov-

rebis gza ki daiwyo maRalmTiani aWaris erT

umSvenieres sofel WalaSi, 1933 wlis 10 ma-

iss. swored aq daibada momavali sazogado

moRvawe, mwerali da medikosi, batoni ramaz

surmaniZe.

didebuli winaprebi hyavda: babua – ra-

miz-beg surmaniZe (1861– 1898) – aWaris pir-

veli mejlisis wevri (1880)gaxldaT. mama –

dursun surmaniZe – (1898–1988) – saqarTve-

los damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZol gene-

ral leo kereseliZis legionis erT–erTi

wevri iyo. dedam – yudreT WaRaliZem

(1907–1972) – xuTi Svili – sami qaliSvili

da ori vaJi gazarda umamod, swored aseTi

dedis Sesaxeb brZana vaJam: ,,lamazad Svilis

gamzrdeli deda micvnia RmerTada!“

sakmaod rTuli bavSvoba hqonda baton

ramazs: mama 30-iani wlebis respresiebis

msxverpli iyo. mas 10-wliani patimrobis

Semdeg samudamo gadasaxleba hqonda misji-

li. amas emateboda meore msoflio omis

dros soflis duxWiri yofa. batoni rama-

zis bavSvobidan mxolod erTi faqtis gax-

senebac sakmarisia, rom davrwmundeT: ra pi-

robebSi uxdeboda mas cxovreba. 11 wlis bi-

Wi soflis fostalionad muSaobda. xSirad

fexSiSvelsac, naxevrad mSiersa da Cauc-

mels dauvlia sofeli, raionidan fostis

cdaSi daRamebia kidec da tye–tye martos

uvlia. axla ixsenebs: TiTqos viRacis Tu

raRacis SeSinebis mizniT am gzas sim-

Rer–simReriT gadioda xolme, etyoba,

amiT patara biWi Tavis Tavs amxnevebda.

batonma ramazma 1947 wels warCinebiT

daamTavra soflis rvawliani skola. is gan-

sakuTrebiT emadliereba erT gamorCeul

pedagogTa ojaxs, skolis gamges – domenti

xaindravas, mis meuRles – vera qemokliZesa

da colisda – paSa qemokliZes. es ukanaskne-

li qarTul enasa da literaturas aswavli-

da da man Seayvara mSobliuri mwerloba.

sxvaTa Soris, batoni ramazis momaval Se-

moqmedebiT gegmebSi pirvel punqtad CaniS-

nulia memuaruli xasiaTis wignis ,,Cemi mas-

wavleblebi“ Seqmna.

niWierma axalgazrdam swavla jer ba-

Tumis samedicino saswavlebelSi (194-

1950), Semdeg ki Tbilisis saxelmwifo sa-

medicino institutSi ganagrZo (1950-1956).

meore kursidan daiwyo muSaoba ferSlad

Tbilisis pirvel (aramiancis) saavadmyo-

foSi mimReb ganyofilebaSi. xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi umZimesi, 24–saaTiani reJi-

miT Sromam nayofi gamoiRo, batonma ra-

mazma uzarmazari praqtikuli gamocdile-

ba miiRo da institutis damTavrebisas uk-

ve Camoyalibebuli, profesionali eqimi

iyo. institutSi aswavlidnen saxelovani

profesorebi: vladimer asaTiani, valeri-

an andRulaZe, besarion RoRoberiZe, irak-

li faRava, mixeil CaCava, petre buaCiZe da

sxvebi.

ramaz surmaniZe studentobidanve aq-

tiur sazogadoebriv saqmianobas eweoda,

iyo fakultetis axalgazrduli organiza-

ciis mdivani. batoni ramazi mravalmxrivi

niWiT Semkuli pirovnebaa. mas uyvars xe-

lovneba, musika, cekva. is iyo institutis

simRerisa da cekvis TviTmoqmedi ansamblis

wevri. ufro meti, igi SesaniSnavi sportsme-

ni – institutis mZleosanTa nakrebisa da

fexburTis gundis wevri iyo. studentobis

bolo wels daemTxva 1956 wlis sisxliani

marti. mitingis Semdeg, im avbediT saRamos,

saavadmyofoSi morigeobisas uamrav daW-

rils gauwia daxmareba.

damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmianoba so-

fel baraTaulSi daiwyo da eqvsi Tvis gan-

mavlobaSi SeZlo is, rasac sxvebi wlebis

manZilze ver axerxeben: moipova udidesi av-

toriteti ara marto baraTaulis, aramed

mTeli Suaxevis raionis mosaxleobaSi.

axalgazrda eqimis gamorCeuli profesiu-

li da organizatoruli niWi SeumCneveli

ar darCenila da 23 wlis ramaz surmaniZe

gadaiyvanes Suaxevis raionis janmrTelo-

bis dacvis ganyofilebis gamged (1957–1963),

aqedan daiwyo ramaz surmaniZis, rogorc

janmrTelobis dacvis organizatoris,

rTuli da sapatio moRvaweoba.

ramaz surmaniZe warmatebiT aTavsebda

erTmaneTs samecniero, SemoqmedebiT da sa-

organizacio saqmianobas. mogexsenebaT, es

arc ise ioli saqmea. baton ramazis sasaxe-

lod unda iTqvas, rom man am sruliad gans-

xvavebuli sferoebis harmoniuli SeTavse-

bac SeZlo da yvelgan moaxerxa sakuTari

kvalis datoveba. batoni ramazi muSaobda

sxvadasxva xelmZRvanel Tanamdebobaze:

iyo baTumis jandacvis ganyofilebis gamge

(1963-1975), aWaris kurortebis marTvis sab-

Wos Tavmjdomare (1975-1977). aWaris avto-

nomiuri respublikis jandacvis ministri

(1977-1985).

ra Tqma unda, iyo winaaRmdegobebic, ga-

ugebrobebic, rasac 1985 wels mohyva ramaz

surmaniZis Tanamdebobidan gadayeneba, par-

tiis rigebidan garicxva anu xelisuflebis

risxva da umuSevrobis xuTwliani periodi;

magram sanTel–sakmevelma Tavisi gza ar da-

karga da 1990 wels batoni ramaz surmaniZe

xalxis rCeuli gaxda: Suaxevis raionis mo-

saxleobam is damoukidebeli saqarTvelos

respublikis pirveli mowvevis uzenaesi

sabWos deputatad airCia. is erT-erTi iyo

maT Soris, vinc xeli moawera saqarTvelos

damoukideblobis aqts. batoni ramazi aq-

tiuri deputati iyo, weliwadze cota meti

xnis ganmavlobaSi 14-jer gamovida sxdo-

mebze da principulad daayena Cveni kuTxis-

Tvis saWirboroto sakiTxebi: avtonomiu-

ri respublikis statusis, aWaris bunebis

dacvis, maJoritari deputatebis ufle-

ba–movaleobebisa Tu sxvaTa Sesaxeb. ramaz

surmaniZe araerTgzis iyo arCeuli aWaris

avtonomiuri respublikis umaRlesi sab-

Wos deputatad: 1977-1985 da 2008-–2012

wlebSi.

batonma ramazma 1990 wels daafuZna

xalxuri medicinis aWaris regionuli aso-

ciacia,,medea“.1991 wels ki daaarsa baTumis

samedicino–ekologiuri instituti, rom-

lis reqtori brZandeboda wlebis ganmav-

lobaSi. 1994–2004 wlebSi ramaz surmaniZe

iyo ucxoeTSi mcxovreb TanamemamuleebTan

kulturuli urTierTobis saqarTvelos

sazogadoebis aWaris organizaciis Tavmj-

domare. batoni ramazi gaxlavT aWaris Co-

xosan raindTa organizaciis damfuZnebeli

da sapatio Tavmjdomare (2006). am dasis mi-

zans is ase xedavs: erovnuli zne–Cveulebe-

bis, adaT–wesebis, tradiciuli Cacmulo-

bis, qarTuli rainduli Cvevebis gamovlena,

SenarCuneba, istoriul–eTnografiuli da

kulturuli Zeglebis Seswavla–popula-

rizeba.

ramaz surmaniZem samecniero muSaoba

jer kidev studentobisas daiwyo. misi

kvlevis sfero moicavs mozardTa fizikur

ganviTarebasa da janmrTelobis mdgomare-

obas. sakvlev obieqtebad aRebuli iyo zemo

aWaris skolebis kontingenti. man amave Te-

maze 1968 wels profesor aleqsandre yanCe-

lis xelmZRvanelobiT daicva medicinis

mecnierebaTa kandidatis xarisxi. Semdgom-

Si sakvlevi mimarTuleba, prioritetebi Se-

icvala. ramaz surmaniZe dainteresda mec-

nierebis istoriiT da Temaze ,,qarTuli ka-

rabadini – aWaraSi aRmoCenili varianti“ –

1999 wels daicva medicinis mecnierebaTa

doqtoris xarisxi. batoni ramazi arCeulia

ramdenime dargobrivi, kerZod, medicinis

mecnierebaTa, samedicino ekologiisa da

fazisis akademiebis namdvil wevrad.

ramaz surmaniZes dRemde gamoqveyne-

buli aqvs 2022 publikacia, maT Soris: 57 –

monografia, rva – Targmani. samecniero

naSromTa raodenoba 300–s aRwevs, maT So-

ris, 40 monografiaa, is, aseve, avtoria 15

romanisa da moTxrobaTa krebulisa. 1983

wlidan ramaz surmaniZe aris saqarTvelos

JurnalistTa kavSiris, xolo 1987 wlidan –

mweralTa kavSiris wevric. is gaxlavT sa-

qarTvelosa da aWaris damsaxurebuli eqi-

mi. miRebuli aqvs abuserisZe tbelisa da

zaqaria WiWinaZis saxelobis premiebi, da-

jildoebulia Rirsebis ordeniT. aris ba-

Tumisa da Suaxevis sapatio moqalaqe. SeiZ-

leba bevrma ar icis, rom ramaz surmaniZe

Cvens universitetTan dakavSirebulia, ro-

gorc leqtori:1969-1979 wlebSi is xelmZR-

vanelobda medicinis debis mosamzadebel

kursebs; aswavlida saskolo higienas asa-

kobrivi fiziologiiT. 2003–2008 wlebSi ki

batoni ramazi momaval medikosebs medici-

nis istorias ukiTxavda.

aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom ramaz surma-

niZis sazogadoebrivi saqmianoba, misi oma-

xiani, maRalniWieri, mamuliSviluri, prin-

cipuli gamosvla aravis tovebda gulg-

rils. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom ar yofila sa-

qarTvelos, gansakuTrebiT misi gamorCeu-

li margalitis – aWaris – cxovrebaSi met-

naklebad mniSvnelovani movlena, rom ba-

toni ramazi ar gamoxmaureboda mas da Tavi-

si avtoritetuli sityva ar eTqva. erTsac

davamatebdiT: batoni ramazi yvelgan da

yovelTvis – iyo is janmrTelobis dacvis

ganyofilebis gamge, ministri, deputati,

mokled, Tanamdebobaze Tu mis gareSe, rCe-

boda ramaz surmaniZed – keTilSobil, Tav-

mdabal, inteligent pirovnebad, mudam

mzadmyofad Tanadgomisa da megobrobisaT-

vis. baton ramazs kargi ojaxi aqvs. hyavs Se-

saniSnavi meuRle- nazi xabaZe, romelTan

erTadac sami vaJi gauzarda samSoblos: zu-

rabi, fridoni da zaza. is gaxlavT babua xu-

Ti SviliSvilisa.

samwuxarod,batonma ramazma umZimesi

adamianuri tragedia gadaitana, Tumca am

tkivilsac Rirseulad atarebs da cdi-

lobs garSemomyofT ar moaxvios is.

oci wlis win, dabadebis 60 wlisTavTan

dakavSirebiT, erT–erT interviuSi batoni

ramazi brZanebda: ,,moxucebulobis sulac

ar meSinia. me mimaCnia, rom Cems gmirebTan

erTad mravali aTasi weli vicocxle da ki-

dev mravals vicocxleb Cems axal wigneb-

Tan, axali adamianebis aRmoCenasTan er-

Tad.“

batono ramaz, gisurvebT kidev mrava-

li wignis Seqmnasa da Tqvens axal gmirebTan

erTad didxans sicocxles, rameTu, erT

mwerals Tu davesesxebi, Tqveni ,,elegantu-

ri sisadave ise uxdeba da amSvenebs baTums,

rogorc zRvis sanapiros aswlovani magno-

liebis lamazi xaverdovneba.“

neba miboZeT, SoTa rusTavelis saxel-

mwifo universitetis akademiuri sabWosa

da profesor–maswavlebelTa saxeliT ki-

dev erTxel mogilocoT saxelovani iubi-

le, gisurvoT mzegrZeloba, energia da Se-

moqmedebiTi warmatebebi, radgan Tqvennai-

ri keTilSobili, inteleqtuali mamuliS-

vilebi, daxvewili inteligentebi Zalian

sWirdeba saqarTvelos. imedi gvaqvs, rom

Tqveni brZnuli, woniani sityva kidev did-

xans ar moakldeba Cvens samSoblos.

aalliiooSSaa bbaakkuurriiZZeersu-s reqtori, sruli profesori

batonma reqtorma aRniSna, rom ra-

maz surmaniZe Cvens universitetTan sis-

xlxorcieladaa dakavSirebuli. is wle-

bis ganmavlobaSi aswavlida studentebs.

rogorc ar unda gagikvirdeT, batoni ra-

mazi Cemi leqtoric brZandeboda. filo-

logebs didad ar migviwevda guli eqTno-

bisaken da medikos leqtorebsac, cota

ar iyos, ugulisyurod vusmendiT, magram

ai, auditoriaSi SemobrZanda saocrad

elegenturi, daxvewili, ganumeorebeli

pirovnuli xiblis mqone ramaz surmaniZe

da studentebic gatrunulebi mivaCer-

diT, magram es jer mxolod garegnuli

efeqti iyo, Turme marTla gasaocari ram

win gvelodeboda: daiwyo leqcia da…ba-

re or filologs SeSurdeboda batoni

ramazis erudiciis, farTo literatu-

ruli ganaTlebisa da mWevrmetyvelebis.

arasodes damaviwydeba: avadmyofis gan-

kurnebaSi pacientis fsiqologiuri gan-

wyobis, rwmenis mniSvnelobaze saubrisas

batonma ramazma o. henris ubrwyinvalesi

novela ,,ukanaskneli foToli“ moiSve-

lia da genialuri novelistis Semoqmede-

ba moxdenilad gamoiyena samedicino fsi-

qologiis problemebis gansaxilvelad.

Semdeg ufro axlos gavicaniT bato-

ni ramazi da davrwmundiT: doCanaSvili-

sac ar iyos, isaa kaci, romelsac litera-

tura uyvars, da ara marto uyvars, cxov-

robs am literaturiT. da ai, amdeni wlis

Semdeg giyurebT, batono ramaz, da sul-

xan–sabas sityvebiT minda mogmarToT:

Tqven, batono ramaz, iseTi graciiT, ise

moxdenilad atarebT Tqvens asaks, rom

yvela isurvebda am xnisa yofiliyo. miT

umetes, rom Tqven, marTlac, xvavrieli

Semodgoma gidgaT: moTxrobebis krebu-

lebi, romanebi, umdidresi publicistika

da mravalferovani istoriul–litera-

turuli narkvevebi – ai, arasruli Camo-

naTvali Tqveni monagarisa. yvelaferi es

ki Tqvens salocavs – samSoblos – mi-

uZRveniT. pirveli moTxroba – ,,gulis

saxsovari“ –batonma ramazma 1967 wels

gamoaqveyna, amas mohyva moTxrobebis

cikli:

,,papaCemis xanjali“

,,ormocdaerTi“

,,sxvebs unaTebde“

,,boroti kaci“

,,saxeze Rimi SerCa“

,,Sin da gareT“

,,cicinaTela“

,,Tavisuflebis gza“

,,Suqi naTlisa“

,,gogola“

ase iqca ramaz surmaniZe aWaraSi ga-

darCenili qarTuli sityvis erT–erT

erTgul da gulanTebul qurumad.

baton ramaz surmaniZis moTxrobeb-

Si daxatulia saqarTvelosa da misi mra-

valWirnaxuli kuTxis – aWaris bunebis

ganumeorebloba, momxiblavi peizaJe-

bi,ixateba qarTvelTa erTi ulamazes,

kolorituli tomis istoriis TiTqmis

yvela mniSvnelovani movlena: saukuneTa

manZilze TviTmyofadobis SenarCunebi-

saTvis daucxromeli brZola, ocdaaTia-

ni wlebis tragedia, meore msoflio omis

cremli da sisxli, dakargvis tkivili da

gamarjvebis sixaruli, orad gaxleCili

qarTuli miwisa da sazRvris gaRma–ga-

moRma darCenili ojaxebis ubedureba.

moTxrobebSi daxatuli gmirebis

cxovreba winaaRmdegobebiTa da drama-

tizmiTaa aRsavse. sikeTesTan, Semwyna-

reblobasa da gulisxmierebasTan erTad

Cven mowme vxdebiT adamianTa veragobis,

cinizmis, kacTmoZuleobisa da gamcem-

lobisa, magram mkiTxveli grZnobs, rom

sabolood cudkacoba aravis SerCeba,

,,bedi mdevari“ adre Tu gvian yvelas wa-

moeweva da Tu boroti kaci amqveyniur

samarTals gaeqceva, RmerTi mainc mos-

Txovs pasuxs.

batoni ramazi sami romanis avtori-

caa:

1985 – ,,emrula“

2005 –,,murRulis qva“

2010 –,,lazeTis legenda“

romanSi ,,emrula“daxatulia samx-

reT saqarTvelos erovnul–ganmaTavi-

suflebeli moZraobis erT–erTi cnobi-

li gmiris emrula malaymaZis faTerake-

biT aRsavse cxovreba. masSi cocxldeba

aWara–SavSeTSi osmalTa batonobis

bolo wlebi, am mxareTa gaTavisuf-

leba da rusTagan maTi koloniza-

ciis pirveli periodi. es wigni ram-

denime aTeuli avtoris naSromsa da

zepir gadmocemas emyareba. masSi

gamoyenebulia emrulas TviTmxil-

velTa mogonebebi, Tqmulebebi, do-

kumenturi pirvelwyaroebi. roma-

nis samoqmedo areali TiTqmis

mTel samuslimano saqarTvelos

moicavs, misi gmirebi sxvadasxva

mrwamsis, orientaciis, ocnebebisa

da ideebis matarebelni arian. sain-

teresoa, rom mweralma araerTgzis

imogzaura SavSeT–imerxevSi, moi-

naxula is soflebi, sadac icxovra

emrula imerxevelma. swored aseTi

didi Sromis Sedegia is, rom isto-

riuli masalis gaazrebiT, gmirTa

saxeebiTa da mxatvruli ostatobiT ,,em-

rula“ Cvens tkivilian warsulze Seqm-

nil nawarmoebebs Soris erT-erTi gamor-

Ceulia. masSi cocxldeba dro:

,,ros sxalTaSi sxalTixatebs usap-

navdnen yelSi kanafs,

javarqedze james dgamdnen, vardi-

qedze eklis karavs,

me var, Semxedvare, namsxvanidan ga-

vel gana,

kldes tyeebi balaniviT aburZglo-

da ubidana,

,,Rele–Rurdan deveZebdi, kankaleb-

da xelSi dana,

gamCenelo, sxva ra meqna – aWareli

viyav gana!“

gamorCeuli, saamayo aWareli – Cve-

ni kuTxis udidesi mecnieri, mwerali

tbel abuserisZe– enciklopediuri ga-

naTlebis mqone, azrovnebis Tavisufle-

bis iSviaTi magaliTi–basili – ixateba

,,lazeTis legendaSi“.

rac Seexeba romans ,,murRulis qva“ –

is 30–iani wlebis sabWoTa represiebis

msxverplTa cxovrebas xatavs. Cvens

Tvalwin cocxldeba epoqa, roca ,,saqar-

Tveloze kaenis sulma gadisriala“. gan-

sakuTrebuli wvlili qarTul mwerlo-

baSi ramaz surmaniZem mweralTa biogra-

fiebis detalebisa da literaturis is-

toriis kvleva–ZiebiT Seitana. aqac av-

tori ar Ralatobs erTxel arCeul gzas

da cdilobs qarTuli mwerlobis isto-

ria axali, jer kidev ucnobi masalebiT

gaamdidros. ase Semovida samecniero mi-

moqcevaSi:

didi ilias epistolaruli memkvid-

reobis ramdenime ucnobi nimuSi.

akakis baTumuri misamarTebi.

aleqsandre yazbegis SfoTiani mwer-

luri cxovrebis baTumis periodi.

vaJa–fSavelas, egnate ninoSvilis,

mxatvar–moqandakeebis, kompozitore-

bis, msaxiobebis SemoqmedebiTi biogra-

fiebi.

ramaz surmaniZem, aseve, dawvrile-

biT gamoikvlia da daadgina mravali epi-

zodi anton Cexovis, maqsim gorkis, ser-

gei eseninis, mixeil bulgakovis, petre

Caikovskis, mixeil vasnecovis da sxvaTa

biografiebidan, romlebic ucnobi iyo

ara marto qarTveli, aramed rusi mkiTx-

velebisa da specialistebisTvisac ki. ba-

tonma ramazma, marTlac, udidesi siyva-

ruliT marcval–marcval Sekriba yvela-

feri, rac exeba aWaris SedarebiT axlo

ramaz surmaniZe - 80

`mamulSi gamosaCeni kaci~

`lamazi fiqris mwerali~


Tu Soreul istorias, dedasaqarTve-

losTan misi dabrunebis peripetiebs,

yvela im gamoCenili adamianis cxovrebis

detalebs, romlebic raRaciT dakavSi-

rebulni arian aWarasTan, baTumTan... man

Seadgina, komentarebi, SeniSvnebi da saZi-

eblebi daurTo sergei mesxis wigns ,,we-

rilebi aWaraze“.

mniSvnelovania misi,,dauviwyari sa-

xeebi“. mweralma arqivebSi miakvlia nak-

lebad cnobil an sulac ucnob masalebs.

man 600–mde pirovnebis gvari, vinaoba da-

adgina.ramaz surmaniZis Tavdadeba, mon-

domeba rom ara, bevri maTganis saxeli da

saqme, Rvawli dResac daviwyebis mtvriT

iqneboda dafaruli. sakmariasia, gavix-

senoT abdul miqelaZis ,,werilebi aWari-

dan“ an ivane jaianis ,,werilebi SavSeTi-

dan“. ramaz surmaniZem didi Sroma gaswia

am korespondenciebis gamosavlenad, Se-

saswavlad da mecnieruli aparaturiT

aRsaWurvad. isini moicaven osmalTa uR-

lisgan gaTavisuflebuli samxreT–da-

savleT saqarTvelos ori soflis – qedi-

sa da borCxis – yofa–cxovrebas me–19 sa-

ukunis 80–iani wlebidan.

kvlevis unari, Rrma analitikuri az-

rovneba, intuicia gamoarCevs ramaz sur-

maniZes. rad Rirs Tundac selim ximSiaS-

vilis daRupvis realuri garemoebebis

migneba! faqtebis Sejerebis, gaanalize-

bis meSveobiT batonma ramazma cxadyo,

rom selimis daRupva ara moRalatis qme-

debis Sedegi, aramed misi Segnebuli nabi-

ji iyo, raTa soflis mosaxleobis awio-

keba aecilebina Tavidan. es iyo patrioti

mamuliSvilis Tavdadebis magaliTi. ase-

ve istoriuli masalebis safuZvliani

kvlevis Sedegad moacila batonma ramaz-

ma sazareli ,,Svilismkvlelis“ damRa Se-

rif–beg ximSiaSvils, daadgina ra, rom

murTazi ori didi veSapis – ruseTisa da

TurqeTis intrigaTa msxverpli gaxda.

batoni ramazi mTargmnelobiT saqmi-

anobasac eweva, man Targmna:

1969 – ivane kiCakovis – ,,Tovlis ka-

ci“;

1984 – anton Cexovis – ,,mwvane kon-

cxi“ ;

2011 – nikoloz dakiSeviCis – ,,baTu-

mi“;

2012 – Tevdore uspenskis – ,,Zveli

cixe Woroxis SesarTavTan“;

1995 – giorgi yazbegis ,,sami Tve

TurqeTis saqarTveloSi“.

es ukanaskneli imiTacaa mniSvnelo-

vani, rom osmalTa batonobis xanis samx-

reT–dasavleT saqarTvelos, kerZod,

aWara–tao–klarjeTis istoriis Sesaxeb

qarTul enaze pirvelwyaroebi mcirea.

ramaz surmaniZes aqvs saintereso is-

toriul–genealogiuri narkvevebi:

,,ximSiaSvilebi“

,,andronikaSvilebi“

,,ServaSiZeebi“

,,meliqiSvilebi“

,,asaTianebi“

,,beJaniZeebi“

,,surmaniZeebi“

,,pertiebi“

,,mJavanaZeebi“

,,Carkvianebi“

,,miqelaZeebi“

mxolod erT naSroms gavixseneb am

grZeli CamonaTvalidan: ,,meliqiSvi-

lebs“, romelSic ramaz surmaniZem daad-

gina didi qarTveli mecnierisa da Tbi-

lisis saxelmwifo universitetis

erT–erTi damaarseblis – petre meli-

qiSvilis – aWaruli Zirebi.

faqtobrivad, batonma ramazma Seqmna

enciklopediuri xasiaTis Sromebi aWa-

ris, da ara marto misi, Soreuli Tu axlo

warsulidan. mis wignebSi mocemulia

1000–mde adamianis biografiis dRemde

ucnobi masalebi, legendaruli medeadan

da avicenadan Tanamedrove saxalxo

mkurnalebamde, daviT aRmaSeneblidan

emrula malaymaZemde, abuserisZe tbeli-

dan saxalxo mTqmel rejeb mJavanaZemde,

puSkinidan eseninamde, ximSiaSvilebidan

meliqiSvilebamde...markoz aWarelidan,

Tevdore mRvdlidan – memed abaSiZemde.

rogorc vxedavT, tyuilad ar uwoda

fridon xalvaSma ramaz surmaniZes ,,war-

sulis mkurnali“.

uaRresad mravalferovani da aqtua-

luria ramaz surmaniZis publicistikis

problematika. mxolod ramdenimes dava-

saxelebT:

demografiuli problemebi:

,,oci dedis 230 Svili“;

,,saWiroa meti yuradReba“;

,,gulmowyaleba WeSmariti da moCve-

nebiTi“;

moZvelebuli tradiciebi:

,,Tavi damikariT, qalbatono“;

,,mezobeli“;

,,dro“;

ekologiis problemebi:

,,mkurnali aWaris wiaRidan“;

,,davicvaT tye – Cveni janmrTelobis

wyaro“;

,,bunebrivi resursebi da Cveni eko-

nomika“.

batoni ramazi qarTveli mwerlebis,

mecnierebis didi megobaria. isini mas

uZRvnian siyvaruliT gamTbar striqo-

nebs, ai, iseTs, rogoric aw ukve maradi-

ul saqarTveloSi myof koloritul ba-

Tumel mweral nugzar jafariZes ekuTv-

nis:

,,SenTan sofelSi, Sens WalaSi, viyav

Tamada,

colikauri tkarcalebda dastur-

lamaSi,

Wibons, fexmZimes, im saRamos toli

ar hyavda,

maisis marwyvebs amwifebda qari ka-

laSi.

Sen, Cemo ramaz, profesiiT xar pro-

fesori,

mowadinebiT mojanye da xasi Wvane-

li,

SenTvis Woroxic, rionic da TeTri

ioric,

saqarTveloa, salocavi Zvirfas

mTa–veliT.“

maS, kidev didxans iloceT da iRva-

weT Tqveni Zvirfasi saqarTvelosTvis,

batono ramaz! imzegrZeleT, mravalJami-

er!

sruli profesori

SSoorreennaa mmaaxxaaWWaaZZee

99mmaaiissii

mravalmxrivi interesebiT moRvaweo-

ba RvTis niWia. bevrs xiblavs am niWis ga-

movlineba, magram maT Soris mwerali, mec-

nieri, prof. sazogado moRvawe ramaz

surmaniZe mecnieri gamorCeulia mraval

dargSi maqsimaluri nayofierebebiT.

ramaz surmaniZe daibada 1933 wels Su-

axevis raionis sof. WalaSi. dawyebiTi da

arasruli rvawliani saSualo ganaTleba

miiRo Walas 8 wlian skolaSi da swavla ga-

nagrZo baTumis samedicino saswavlebel-

Si, romlis damTavrebis Semdeg umaRlesi

samedicino ganaTleba miiRo Tbilisis sa-

xelmwifo samedicino institutSi. samedi-

cino institutis sruli kursis damTavre-

bis Semdeg batoni ramaz surmaniZe sxva-

dasxva dros muSaobda Suaxevis raionis

mTavar eqimad. baTumis saxalxo deputate-

bis saqalaqo sabWos aRmaskomis jandacvis

ganyofilebis gamged, aWaris kurortebis

marTvis sabWos Tavmjdomared. rva wlis

manZilze ekava aWaris avtonomiuri res-

publikis jandacvis ministris posti.

ramaz surmaniZe arCeuli iyo damou-

kidebeli, demokratiuli saqarTvelos

uzenaesi sabWos pirveli mowvevis deputa-

tad da xeli moawera saqarTvelos damou-

kideblobis aRdgenis qartias.

ramaz surmaniZis samwerlo Semoqme-

deba daiwyo XX saukunis 60–iani wlebidan.

misi pirveli moTxroba gamoqveynda 1967

wels. es iyo „gulis saxsovari“, romelic

imave wels sakavSiro premiiT aRiniSna.

SemdgomSi amas mohyva moTxrobebis cikli

„papaCemis xanjali“, „ormocdaerTi, „mami-

da“, „sxvebs unaTebde“, „saxeze Rimili

darCa“. 1983 wels mweralma gamoaqveyna

dResac popularuli „murRulis qva“.

ramaz surmaniZis biografiis nawilia

avadmosagonari politikuri represebi,

romelic XX saukunis 30–ian wlebSi xor-

cieldeboda. daapatimres misi mama da ga-

daasaxles. 50–ian wlebSi isev daapatimres

da mTavari mizezi iyo is, rom is adrec na-

samarTlevi iyo. savsebiT bunebrivia, rom

ramaz surmaniZis pirvel SemoqmedebiT ni-

muSebSi mTavari Tema iqneboda 30–iani

wlebis politikuri represiebi. magram es

ar aris mTavari. mTavaria mwerlis pozi-

cia. mis moTxrobebsa da romanebSi, rom-

lebic represiebis Temazea Seqmnili, yo-

velTvis avi sjabnis keTils. xolo es usa-

marTlo brZola sabolood klasikur

tragediamde ar midis da mkiTxvels ar to-

vebs sabolood borotze keTilis gamarj-

vebis imedi.

ramaz surmaniZis samwerlo moRvaweo-

bas kidev aqvs erTi saintereso mxare. is

politikur represiebze, ukanonobaze pi-

rovnebis samoqalaqo uflebebis fexqveS

gaTelvis Temaze Seqmnil nawarmoebebSi

mtkiced dgas evropuli mwerlobis tra-

diciebze da principul Sefasebas aZlevs

misTvis da mkiTxvelisaTvis Semzarav faq-

tebs. misi moTxrobis erT–erTi personaJi

sakuTari bedukuRmarTi mdgomareobis mi-

uxedavad mainc poulobs sulier Zalebs

da yuradRebas amaxvilebs problemaze –

ra aris samSoblo. misi SexedulebiT esaa

sivrce, sadac batonobs kanonis uzenaeso-

ba da daculia pirovnebis Tavisufleba.

magram imave sivrceSi, Tu ar aris marTl-

msajuleba da fexqveS iTeleba kanonis

uzenaesoba–is bunagia da ara mamuli.

aseve maRal materiebze–pirovnebis

Tavisuflebaze, kanonier marTlmsajule-

baze evropulad azrovnebs mwerali ro-

manSi „emrula“. mwerali mSobeli mamis siy-

varulze maRla ayenebs mama–moqalaqis

Rirsebebs. Wabuki emrula mamis razms ax-

lavs sofelSi gadasaxadebis akrefisaT-

vis da SeniSnavs, rom mama cudad, Seubra-

leblad eqceva Tanasoflelebs, Zalmom-

reobas. ymawvilze SemaZrwuneblad imoqme-

da glexkac xaxutas ojaxSi qibar–aRas

saqcielma: „qibar–aRam xaxutas misalme-

bac ar acala“.

raRas dgaxar, Senze aTi yuruSi rom

aris gadasaxdeli, ar ici?

– me – daibna xaxuta, wuxelis saxlze

damecnen, baRnebis sarCeni rac mqonda, wa-

marTves... saRianis gadasaxadi muxtars mi-

veci da axla raRas mTxov, qibar–aRav?

– ar vici Seni muxtari da mudiri... am

xalxs,–Jandarmebze miuTiTa,–rCena ar un-

da? eseni rom ara, yaCaRebi tyavs gagaZro-

ben, Se ubeduro! – da welSi moxril xaxu-

tas beqiraRam maTraxi gadauWira, Zirs

dasca, – axlave gamoitane fuli, Tvara...“

am ambis Semyure xaxutas coli saxlidan

gamovida, miwaze davardnil qmars Sexeda

da Zu vefxviviT gaeqana momxdurisaken...

„tyavic gagvZra da nacradac viqeciT, ya-

CaRebi iyvnen, magram Senze uaresi, uRmer-

To da mZarcveli am duniaze aravin dadis!

ase icavT Tqven xalxs?“

am mZime da sastikma suraTma damTr-

gunvelad imoqmeda emrulaze. igi aivso

protestis suliskveTebiT da gamoeyo ma-

mis razms. Sin dabrunebuli emrula aseT

dialogs marTavs dedasTan: „mamaCems

mets ar wavyvebi, neni. visTanac mive-

diT, yvela gvwyevlis da gvaginebs. wu-

xelis xaxuta maxaWaZis saxls firale-

bi dascemian, rac xelSi moyvaT, yve-

laferi wauRiaT. qalisaTvis beWdeb-

Tan erTad kinaRam TiTic waugleji-

aT. daxmarebis magivrad mamam xaxutas

maTraxi gadakra... esaa xalxis dacva?“

emrulas protesti usamarTlobis ga-

mo mimarTuli aRmoCnda sakuTari ma-

mis winaaRmdeg. ai, es aris kanonis rea-

luri SegrZneba, rasac kanonis uzena-

esobis dacvis evropuli tradicia

ewodeba. kidev erTi sagulisxmo moti-

viTaa ramaz surmaniZis „emrula“ sain-

tereso da sayuradRebo.

mwerali Tvlis, rom usamarTlo-

bis dagmoba da brZola samarT-

lianobis damkvidrebisaTvis bunebrivad

momdinareobs mSromeli xalxis wiaRidan.

emrulas deda Svilis monaTxrobis safuZ-

velze protestiT ganewyoba meuRle qiba-

risadmi da Svils mimarTavs:: „rad unda ma-

maSens aseTi fuli, gana Cvens Tavs ver vir-

CenT? ... Sen aRar wayve qibars“. magram amiT

ar mTavrdeba qibaris gansja. emrulas ga-

dawyvetileba mamas ar gahyves soflebSi

gadasaxadebis akrefisaTvis gadaizarda

ufro farTo masStabis saprotesto ga-

dawyvetilebaSi – daicvas soflis mosax-

leoba firalebis Tavdasxmebisagan „aRar

wavyvebi, magram me CemiT gavxdebi yisarda-

ri. erTi firalic ver gaivlis Cveni sawya-

li glexis ezo–karSi. biWia vinmem awyeni-

nos Cems mezobels. bzikiviT Sevakvdebi.

qarTvelTa sulieri erTobis did Te-

mas eZRvneba ramaz surmaniZis axali roma-

ni „lazeTis legenda“, romelSic didi ad-

gili uWiravs lazeTis da aWaris qristia-

nuli warsulis Temas. mwerali Rrmad

gvarwmunebs imaSi rom, qristianul sarw-

munoebas, romelic mama–papas sakuTari

sicocxlis fasad daucavs, Tanamedrovis

angarebiani xeli ver Seexeba. mwerlis am

koncefcias mTlianad amarTlebs Cveni si-

namdvile. ramaz surmaniZe fridon xalvaS-

Tan erTad erT–erTi pirveli moRvawea,

vinc im donemde aamaRla sakuTar TavSi

ukvdaveba winaparTa sarwmunoebisa, rom

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos–patri-

arqis, uwmindesisa da unetaresis ilia II

kurTxeviT daubrundnen qristes naTels.

axali aWaridan ilia meoris pirveli naT-

lulebi fridon xalvaSi da ramaz surmani-

Ze brZandebian.

qarTul istoriografiaSi kargad

aris cnobili akad. niko berZeniSvilis mo-

sazreba: saqarTvelos istoria ver CaiTv-

leba bolomde Seswavlilad, Tu kargad ar

iqneba Seswavlili saqarTvelos qalaqe-

bis, gvarebis, quCebis istoria. prof. ra-

maz surmaniZe am koncefciis realurad

gamtarebelia. is nayofierad ikvlevs aWa-

raSi gavrcelebuli gvarebis istorias.

sakmarisia davasaxeloT monografia „me-

liqiSvilebi“. ramaz surmaniZis am safuZv-

liani gamokvleviT dasturdeba, rom Tbi-

lisis ivane javaxiSvilis universitetis

pirvel reqtoris prof. petre meliqiSvi-

lis sagvareulo momdinareobs zemoaWa-

ris sofel Janivridan.

mdidar istoriul masalebze dafuZ-

nebuli monografia „Tavadaznauroba da

maTi ojaxebi baTumis olqSi“, romelSic

warmodgenilia aWarisa, lazeTis da liva-

nas warCinebul gvarTa da maTi ojaxebis

istoria.

ramaz surmaniZe uSualod moeswro XX

saukunis 30–40–iani wlebis avadmosago-

nar politikur represiebs. misma ojaxma

gadaitana misi susxi. amitom farTod aisa-

xa es Tematika mweral ramaz surmaniZis Se-

moqmedebaSi („murRulis qva“ ..) mwerali am

Temaze muSaobisas mraval saintereso mo-

tivsac wamoswevs win. erT–erTia represi-

rebulis pirovnuli Rirsebebis gamovli-

neba. represiebis msxverpli iyo saqarTve-

los saxliSvili memed–beg abaSiZe.

moTxrobaSi „krialosani“ mwerali

tipiuri detalebis SerCeviT asaxavs sak-

nis oTx kedelSi gamoketili personaJis

sulieri gmirobis epizodebs.

vin aris gmiri?–ikiTxavT, albaT, Se-

iZleba Tu ara sakanSi gamoketilma kacma

Caidinos gmiroba? mwerali ramaz surmani-

Ze Tvlis, rom SeiZleba sikvdilmisjili

kacis sulieri simtkice da wonasworobis,

sakuTari, piradi Rirsebis SegrZnebis bo-

lomde SenarCuneba da momavalze fiqriT

cxovreba sicocxlis darCenil wuTebSic

swored namdvili gmirobaa, ai, aseT gmirs

xatavs mwerali ramaz surmaniZe. did cixe-

ebSi sxvadasxva saknebia patimrebs erTma-

neTs Soris dakavSirebisaTvis originalu-

ri „telefonebi“ aqvT. kedlebze kakuniT

cal–calke saknebidan erTmaneTs Soris

dialogs marTaven patimrebi.

–romeli xar, miTxari,–gaumeora

durmiSxanma.

–memedi var, abaSiZe. iyo pasuxi.

–madloba RmerTs, memed–beg, aq aRar

megone.

–jerjerobiT aqa var. magram...

aTiode wuTis Semdeg kvlav gaisma ka-

kuni.

durmiSxani iatakze gaiSota da yuri

„telefons“ miado.

–Seamowmes, viTom raRac mkiTxes, mag-

ram albaT, male gamiyvanen.

–SeiZleba araferic ar moxdes, me-

med–beg da isev gadagvasaxlon.

–ara, Cemo durmiSxan, ukve vgrZnob da

kargad vici, ra moxdeba. SeiZleba Tbilis-

Si Camiyvanon, magram iqedan, albaT ukan

aRar momabruneben...

durmiSxanma yuri moaSora kedels, ra

uTxras... riT anugeSos... am aTasgvari da-

patimreba da tanjva–gamovlil kacs ro-

gor SeunarCunebia Cveuli simtkice,

iseTive guladi da mamacia“–fiqrob-

da patimari.

ramaz surmaniZem didi amagi das-

do baTumis istoriis Seswavlas. man

Targmna, winasityvaoba, SeniSvnebi da

saZieblebi daurTo da gamosca n.m.

dakiSeviCis da jiford palgrevis

naSromebi „baTumi“, da àWara, laze-

Ti~.

baTumis istoriis Seswavlas em-

saxureba ramaz surmaniZis saukeTe-

so monografiebi baTumis qalaqisTa-

vis luka asaTianis da baTumis qala-

qisTavis ivane andronikaSvilis moR-

vaweobis Sesaxeb.

TvalsaCinoa ramaz surmaniZis

damsaxureba baTumis istoriis Ses-

wavlaSi. am dargSi gamoiyofa sami mi-

marTuleba: baTumis Sesaxeb bibliografi-

ul iSviaTobad qceuli istoriuli naSro-

mebis moZieba, Targmna da gamocema SeniSv-

nebiTa da istoriuli mimoxilvebiT (n.m.

dakiSeviCi „baTumi“, al. frenkeli „Curuq-

susa da baTumis Sesaxeb narkvevebi (gamoi-

ca aziz axvledianTan erTad). 2) cikli

„baTumis qalaqis Tavi“ cikliT baTumis

pirveli qalaqis Tavi „luka asaTiani“ ba-

Tumis qalaqisTavi ivane andronikaSvili.

3) publicistika. ramaz surmaniZem xangrZ-

livi da dauRalavi SromiT moiZia qarTu-

li presis furclebze gamoqveynebuli

publicisturi werilebi da calke krebu-

lebad gamosca sergei mesxis „werilebi“,

abdul miqelaZis „werilebi“, ivane jaianis

„werilebi“.

prof. ramaz surmaniZem didi amagi

dasdo general–leitenantis giorgi yaz-

begis damsaxurebis Seswavlas da misi adgi-

lis gansazRvras qarTveli xalxis isto-

riul cxovrebaSi. ramaz surmaniZis Targ-

maniT gaecno qarTveli mkiTxveli giorgi

yazbegis eTnografiul naSroms „sami Tve

TurqeTis saqarTveloSi“ (1959 w.). 2008

wels gamovida ramaz surmaniZis erT–erTi

saukeTeso naSromi „giorgi yazbegis mog-

zaurobisas tbeTSi mopovebuli dokumen-

tebi“. ramaz surmaniZis kalams ekuTvnis

giorgi yazbegis Sesaxeb biografiul–is-

toriuli gamokvleva „general–leitenan-

ti TergdaleulTa Taobidan“ (2006 w.).

mwerlisa da profesoris Semoqmede-

biTi da samecniero–kvleviTi muSaobis na-

yofieri Sedegebis Sefasebis dros sagan-

gebod unda aRiniSnos, rom aWaraSi ucxo

Zalisa da religiis batonobis xangrZlivi

periodis manZilze ver Camoyalibda ara-

qarTuli kultura. xolo roca realuri

Tavisufleba moipova xalxma, masiuri xa-

siaTi mieca nataZralebis aRdgenisa da

axali taZrebis aSenebas. marto xulos sami

mociqulis taZari rad Rirs, romelic ax-

laxan ekurTxa samlocvelod da aRdgomis

brwyinvale dResaswaulze mlocvelebs

ver itevda (Ramis TeviT).

ramaz surmaniZis prozauli nawarmo-

ebi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas iqcevs

aWaraSi gadarCenili qarTuli sityvis

(fridon xalvaSi) simdidriT. mwerlis in-

dividualuri niWic xom, pirvel rigSi,

sityvasTan WidilSi vlindeba. calkeul

sityvas Zalas da sicocxles winadadebaSi

Tavisi adgilis sworad SerCeva aniWebs.

mweralma ramaz surmaniZem daamkvidra

mwerlobaSi „gulqarTveli kaci“ („emru-

la“). masve ekuTvnis aseve saukeTeso sin-

tagma „winai kaci“. organizatoruli niWi-

Ta da brZnuli rCeva–darigebebis niWiT

gamorCeul kacze ityvian „meTauri“, „xel-

mZRvaneli“ ramaz surmaniZis romanebSia

gamoxatuli, personaJebi aseT adamianebs

moixseneben rogorc „winai kaci“.

am sofelSi winai kaci vin gyavT?“

ramaz surmaniZis prozis damaxasiaTe-

beli Rirsebaa agreTve xalxuri sibrZni-

dan SerCeuli aforistuli gamoTqmebi:

„sicocxle da patiosneba me cal–calke ar

vici“; „Zunwi kacis jamSi lukma ar dasvel-

deba“.

mwerali xSirad mimarTavs aWaraSi

gavrcelebul idiomebsa da xatovan ga-

moTqmebs, romlebic sxva enaze ar iTargm-

neba: „wknels ras migrixav“ (pasuxs ratom

migvianeb)?

calke Seswavlis sagania zneobrivi

aRzrdis xalxuri tradiciebi aWaraSi.

tradiciebis farTo ganfeniloba ikiTxe-

ba mweral ramaz surmaniZis SemoqmedebaSi.

Tavazianobis saukeTeso nimuSad gvesaxeba

aseTi dialogi romanidan „emrula“.

„ – saidan brZandebiT?–SeekiTxa mas-

pinZeli.

brZaneba Tqveni, izmiridan var“.

ramaz surmaniZis samwerlo, samecnie-

ro da sazogadoebrivi moRvaweobis daxa-

siaTeba erT sagazeTo werilSi SeuZlebe-

lia. misi saxiT Cvens Soris dadis futka-

riviT dauRalavi mSromeli, mravalmxrivi

interesebiT moRvawe pirovneba, romelic

Cvens Soris imiTac gamoirCeva, rom kargad

icis asakis dafaseba. 80 wlis ramaz surma-

niZes Sromis nayofierebisa da qcevis gaT-

valiswinebiT namdvilad ver CaTvliT 80

wlis moxucad. magram faqts versad gaeq-

ceviT. amitom xSirad uwyoben saiubileo

Sexvedrebs da miiCneven imis saukeTeso ni-

muSad, rogor SeiZleba 80 wlis asakSic Se-

inarCunos adamianma inteleqtis Zala da

mxneoba.

ramaz surmaniZis inteleqtualobis

siZliere da saqmianobaSi mxneoba, rogorc

giorgi merCule ityoda, „gansacvifrebel

ars friad“.

ggiioorrggii ((iiuurrii)) bbiibbiilleeiiSSvviillii

`lamazi fiqris mwerali~(dasawyisi me-8 gverdze)

mmrraavvaallmmxxrriivvii iinntteerreesseebbiiss SSeemmooqqmmeeddii

1100mmaaiissii

xelmwifoebTan moagvarebs, rac unda

gaxdes Cveni Sexvedris laitmotivio

– ganacxada a. Cxenkelma.

a. Cxenkelis es gancxadeba ar iyo

politikurad myarad argumentire-

buli, raki amierkavkasias jer kidev

ar hqonda gamocxadebuli damouki-

debloba da brestis konferencia-

zec bolSevikebi erTiani ruseTis

saxeliT gamodiodnen. brestis Se-

Tanxmebis pirobebis gadasinjvisaT-

vis mxolod bolSevikebisadmi anti-

paTia ar kmaroda, ris gamoc delega-

cia seriozul problemebs SeeCexa

sakuTari poziciis dacvisas. Tur-

qulma mxarem delegatebs naTlad ga-

agebina, rom Tuki isini ar cnobdnen

bolSevikebs, maSin maT monawileoba

unda mieRoT brest–litovskis samS-

vidobo konferenciaSi, rogorc es

gaakeTa ukrainis radam, romelic

aseve ar scnobda ruseTis bolSevi-

kur xelisuflebas.

adre daSvebuli Secdomebi da-

mokles maxviliviT aRimarTa amier-

kavkasiis delegaciis winaSe, rac

Turqebs saSualebas aZlevda konfe-

rencia maTTvis sasurveli gziT wa-

remarTaT. gamovlinda maTi namdvi-

li ganzraxvac: Turquli delegaci-

is xelmZRvanelis rauf beis gancxa-

debiT, isini trapizonSi Camovidnen

ara brestis xelSekrulebis gadasa-

sinjad, aramed molaparakebebze eko-

nomikuri urTierTobebis safuZvle-

bis mosamzadeblad da calkeuli de-

talebis gasarkvevad, rac ar iyo asa-

xuli brest-litovskis xelSekrule-

baSi.

trapizonis molaparakebebi CixSi

Sevida. TurqeTis mxare urTierTo-

bebis safuZvlad brestis SeTanxme-

bas miiCnevda da Tvlida, rom baTu-

mis, yarsisa da ardaganis sakiTxi gan-

xilvas saerTod ar eqvemdebareboda,

raki osmaleTs hqonda mopovebuli

am teritoriebis mierTebis ufleba.

aSkara gaxda, rom amierkavkasia

Tavisi teritoriuli mTlianobis sa-

kiTxs ver gadaWrida dadebiTad, ami-

tomac SemuSavda gegma calkeuli te-

ritoriebis daTmobisa, kerZod yar-

sis olqis yagizmanis raionis da ar-

daganis olqis olTisis raionisa. 23

marts amierkavkasiis delegaciam aR-

niSnuli varianti SesTavaza Turqul

mxares, romelmac memorandumi ga-

sacnobad stambolSi gadaagzavna,

riTac dasrulda oficialuri Sex-

vedrebi.

Turquli istoriografiis mi-

xedviT, trapizonis konferenciaze

osmaleTis delegaciis mTavari miza-

ni amierkavkasiasTan mSvidobisa da

stabilurobis SenarCuneba iyo, Tum-

ca maTi uflebebi SezRuduli iyo; am

da sxva mizezebis gamoc molaparake-

bebi uSedegod dasrulda da delega-

cia iZulebuli Seiqmna stambols

dabrunebuliyo.

male molaparakebaTa axali raun-

di 11 maiss gagrZelda baTumSi, ro-

melic im droisaTvis ukve okupire-

buli iyo osmalTa mier. unda aRiniS-

nos, rom trapizonisa da baTumis

konferenciebi mimdinareobda Tur-

qeTis samxedro eqspansiis fonze,

rac kidev ufro amZimebda arsebul

mdgomareobas. amierkavkasiis dele-

gacia cdilobda calkeuli daTmobe-

biT osmalTa agresiis SeCerebas. ami-

erkavkasiis delegacia iTxovda mo-

laparakebebis safuZvlad brestis

zavi yofiliyo (is zavi, romelsac

Tavis droze boikoti gamoucxades),

Tumca Turqul mxares sakiTxis ase-

Ti dayeneba ar awyobda.

baTumis konferenciaze Turqul-

ma mxarem warmoadgina xelSekrule-

bis proeqti, romelsac hqonda aneq-

sionisturi xasiaTi. proeqtiT sa-

qarTvelo kargavda yvela im teri-

torias, romelic daibruna mTeli

me–19 saukunis manZilze ruseT–os-

maleTis omebis Sedegad. es iyo teri-

toria ardaganisa da baTumis olqe-

bis, aseve axalcixe da axalqalaqi,

rac arRvevda saqarTvelos politi-

kur da ekonomikur sivrces. Turqu-

li mxare proeqts saboloo varian-

tad miiCnevda.

25 maiss amierkavkasiis delegaci-

am miiRo ultimatumi, romlis mixed-

viT maT 72 saaTis ganmavlobaSi unda

SeesrulebinaT yvela moTxovna, ro-

melTa Soris mTavari iyo sazRvrebis

Secvla TurqeTis sasargeblod.

qarTuli politikuri elitisaT-

vis erTmniSvnelovnad daisva sa-

kiTxi -gamoecxadebinaT saqarTve-

los damoukidebloba saxelmwifoeb-

riv da teritoriul sakiTxebSi ger-

manelTa mxardaWeris imediT da Ta-

vidan aecilebinaT saqarTvelos Zir-

Zveli istoriuli teritoriebis

mniSvnelovani nawilis dakargvis

safrTxe.

samwuxarod, im periodSi sa-

qarTvelos ar SeeZlo osmaleTis ar-

miis Semotevis SeCereba mxolod sa-

kuTari samxedro ZaliT. gasaziare-

belia profesor vaxtang gurulis

azri, rom saxelmwifoebrivi damou-

kideblobis aRdgena unda momxdari-

yo osmaleTis mier saqarTvelos wi-

naaRmdeg dawyebul saomar moq-

medebamde. marTalia, osmaleTs SeeZ-

lo saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi

damoukideblobis aRdgenis Semde-

gac ganexorcielebina samxedro eqs-

pansia, magram am SemTxvevaSi igi da-

ipyrobda teritoriebs nawilobriv

an kidev sruladac, oRond ukve da-

moukidebel qveyanas. am SemTxvevaSi

saqarTvelos rCeboda realuri Sansi

gaegrZelebina brZola saerTaSori-

so asparezze dakargulis dabrune-

bisaTvis....

1918 wlis 26 maiss saqarTvelos

damoukideblobis gamocxadebas mxa-

ri dauWira imJamad warmodgenilma

yvela politikurma Zalam. cnobili

qarTveli istorikosi zurab avaliS-

vili ase afasebda am did movlenas:

„am gansakuTrebul wuTSi rogor ar

gvesmina istoriuli stiqiebis gugu-

ni, rogor ar yuradgveRo imaTi xma,

vinc didi xania aRar aris... ai, damo-

ukideblobam karze moakakuna da ro-

gor ar SevegeboT aRtacebiT! Tu es

wuTi gavuSviT, ra pasuxi gavceT

imaT, vinc Cvens Semdeg mova!..“

erovnuli sabWos mier miRebuli

saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aq-

tis pirvelive punqtSi Caiwera is,

rac yvela qarTveli mamuliSvilis

didi xnis ocneba iyo:

„amieridan saqarTvelos xalxi

suverenul uflebaTa matarebelia

da saqarTvelo sruluflebiani da-

moukidebeli saxelmwifoa“.

26 maisi didmniSvnelovani mov-

lenaa Cveni qveynis istoriaSi, ramac

kidev erTxel daadastura, rom Tuki

arsebobs erovnuli muxti, suliskve-

Teba da mtkice gadawyvetileba, Se-

saZlebelia nebismieri Zaladobis,

ucxo saxelmwifoTa mxridan mraval-

wliani agresiisa da okupaciis daZ-

leva da saxelmwifoebrivi erTiano-

bis, erovnuli TviTmyofadobis Se-

narCuneba-ganmtkiceba!

nnuuggzzaarr zzoossiiZZee,

istoriis mecnierebaTa

kandidati

iirraakkllii bbaarraammiiZZee,

istoriis mecnierebaTa

kandidati

saqarTvelo uZvelesi kul-

turisa da civilizaciis mqone

qveyanaa, romelsac oriaTasw-

lovani damwerloba da litera-

tura, sulieri da materialuri

kulturis mravalsaukunovani

Zegli gaaCnia. kulturuli gan-

viTarebis bazisi qveynis poli-

tikuri da ekonomikuri siZlie-

re gaxldaT.

ilia werda: ”saqarTvelo

dRedaRam iaraRiT xelSi idga,

mteri yovel mxridan mowolili

iyo. Cveni xalxi TiTqmis ori

aTasi weli ebrZoda, omobda,

sisxlsa Rvrida ... vsTqvaT,

mklavma da gulma SesZlo es go-

liaToba, sakvirveli es aris – ra

qonebam gauZlo amisTana yofa-

sa? ra hkvebavda xalxs, ra qone-

biT uZRveboda amodena omebsa

da sisxlis Rvras? es erTi muWa

xalxi TiTqmis qudzed kacad un-

da mdgariyo iaraRiT xelSi, rom

mtrisagan mtvrad ar aRgviliyo

– da sazrdoebas vin aZlevda da

ra aZlevda?... amis pasuxi Cvens

ekonomikur agebulebasa da wyo-

baSi unda moinaxebodes. ueWve-

lia, Cveni uwindeli ekonomiku-

ri wyoba iseTi yofila, rom

xalxs iqidan hqonia is qonebiTi

Zal-Rone, romliTac igi gas-

ZRolia amodena vai-vaglaxTa da

omebsa amodena xnis ganmavloba-

Si, ai, sagani, Rirs SesaniSnavi da

metad saintereso gamosakvle-

vad. es sagani rom Tvalwin hqon-

des Cvens exlandel meistories,

am saganzed rom ueWveli pasuxi

mogvces vinmem, bevrs naTels

mohfenda awymosac da momaval-

sac, gzas gaunaTebda...”. am

vrcel amonaridSi srulyofi-

lad aisaxa ekonomikis roli

qveynis kulturuli cxovrebis

formirebasa da ganviTarebaSi.

es sityvebi da azrebi ise

arasodes esadageboda da esaWi-

roeboda saqarTvelos, mis

xalxs, rogorc dRes ... umZimesi

finansuri, ekonomikuri, socia-

luri da politikuri

krizisis periodSi.

dRes saqarTvelo Ta-

visi mravalsaukunovani

istoriis erT-erT urTu-

les etapze imyofeba, mi-

marTulebis ZiebaSia. sa-

qarTvelos aRmSeneblo-

bis procesi rTulad da

winaaRmdegobrivad vi-

Tardeba, maSin, rodesac

is Tavisi bunebrivi re-

sursebiT, xelsayreli

geopolitikuri da geos-

trategiuli mdebareo-

biT da sxva uamravi SesaZ-

leblobiT erT-erTi mo-

winave unda iyos msofli-

oSi. XXI saukunes, saqarTvelo

rogorc politikurad damouki-

debeli saxelmwifo, adamianis

Tavisuflebis konstituciuri

aRiarebiT, ekonomikis libera-

lizaciis sakmaod maRali do-

niT, meurneobriobis yvela sfe-

roSi sabazro urTierTobebze

gadasvliT Sexvda. amasTanave

TvalSisacemia sazogadoebis

socialuri diferenciaciis

gaRrmaveba, kriminaluri da ara-

legaluri ekonomika, korufcia,

konkurentuli bazrebis arsebo-

ba, yovelwliuri biujetis de-

ficiti, aramyari ekonomikuri

zrda, masStaburi sagareo vali

da mosaxleobis siRatake.

yovelive es ki imis maCvenebe-

lia, rom saqarTveloSi progre-

suli gardaqmnebis socialuri

sazRauri Zalian maRali aRmoCn-

da: damoukideblobis mopoveba,

sabazro urTierTobebze gadas-

vla sawarmoo-teqnologiuri

potencialis didi nawilisa da

mosaxleobis masobrivi gaRata-

kebis, uRaribesi qveynebis

jgufSi gadaadgilebis sanacv-

lod moxda. marTalia, bolo xa-

nebSi pozitiuri Zvrebi Se-

imCneva, magram ,,taZramde”

jer kidev Zalze grZeli

gzaa gasasvleli...

ra unda gakeTdes imi-

saTvis, rom qveyana amovi-

des arsebuli mdgomareo-

bidan?.. riT unda da-

viwyoT?...

mdgomareobidan gamos-

vlis ara erTi gza da saSu-

aleba arsebobs, magram

mTavari gza xsnisa mainc

ekonomikaa, misi Seqmna da

gamarTuli funqcionire-

baa, rac warmoadgens yvela mate-

rialuri, sulieri da sxva gada-

uwyveteli problemebis gadawy-

vetis erT-erT mTavar saSuale-

bas, eris materialuri da sulie-

ri aRorZinebis mTavar qva-

kuTxeds. Ddidi ilia saqarTve-

los damoukideblobis mopove-

basa da misi civilizebuli gziT

ganviTarebis mTavar rols swo-

red ekonomikas akuTvnebda, is

werda: ,,dRes TviToeuli Cven-

Tagani grZnobs, rom aqamomde mi-

viwyebul ekonomikur mxares Cve-

ni cxovrebisas pirveli adgili

unda daeTmos sxva sazrunavTa

Soris, rom ekonomikuri cxovre-

bis moedanze unda veZioT Rone

Cveni gaZlierebisa, tanSi gamar-

Tvisa da aq unda gavisarjoT da

viamagoT.” Dda rom amisaTvis

mTavaria qveyanas saTanado

,,ekonomikuri klimati” gaaCn-

des.

,,ekonomikuri klimati”,

upirveles yovlisa, saxelmwi-

fom, xelisuflebam unda uzrun-

velyos efeqtiani politikiT.

Tu is saswrafod ar ganaxorcie-

lebs safinanso-ekonomikuri

krizisidan gamosvlisa da

mZlavri erovnuli ekonomikis

Seqmnis gonivrul svlebs, maSin

mas damoukideblobis ,,balava-

ri” daerRveva da Tavisi geost-

rategiuli adgilisa da mniSvne-

lobis miuxedavad, ,,bananis” res-

publikas daemsgavseba. ukeTes

SemTxvevaSi ki iqneba msoflios

didi saxelmwifoebis saTamaSo

,,paiki” mxolod.

qveynis verc erT seriozul

politikur Tu ekonomikur

problemas ver gadavWriT ise,

Tu ver movaxerxeT mTeli eris

konsolidacia, misi teritoriu-

li mTlianobis aRdgena, mTeli

eris erT muStad Sekvra da misi

didi miznebis misaRwevad war-

marTva.

qveyanaSi ekonomikis ganvi-

Tarebis tempebis gasazrdelad

saWiroa (da, albaT, sxva gza arc

arsebobs) maqsimalurad avamoq-

medoT erovnuli meurneobis

mTeli potenciali, rameTu

mZlavri da maRalefeqturi eko-

nomikis Seqmna moiTxovs kolo-

saluri finansuri resursebis

mobilizaciasa da xarjvas, ris-

Tvisac aucilebelia saTanado

sabiujeto sistemis amoqmedeba.

civilizebul qveynebSi fi-

nansuri saxsrebis mobilizacia

da xarjva mimdinareobs princi-

piT: mobilizebuli iqnas imdeni

finansuri resursi, ramdenic sa-

Wiroa, daixarjos imdeni, ramde-

nic aucilebelia. kacobriobam

Tavisi ganviTarebis mravalsau-

kunovani istoriis ganmavlobaSi

Seqmna finansuri resursebis mo-

bilizaciisa da xarjvis qmedi-

Tunariani sistema, romelic

dReisaTvis cnobilia safinan-

so-sabiujeto federalizmis sa-

xelwodebiT. igi gulisxmobs fi-

nansuri saxsrebis mobilizacia-

sa da xarjvis ufleba-

movaleobebis ganawi-

lebas xelisuflebis

centralur da adgi-

lobriv doneebs Soris.

safinanso-sabiujeto

federalizmi moqme-

debs rogorc federa-

lur, ise unitarul

qveynebSi.

saqarTvelos sa-

xelmwifoebrivi fede-

ralizmis, maT Soris

safinanso-sabiujeto

federalizmis mraval-

saukunovani tradicie-

bi gaaCnia. ,,qarTlis

cxovrebis” cnobiT, er-

Tiani saqarTvelos pirvelma me-

fem farnavazma (qr. Sobamde IV-III

ss.) qveynis ukeT marTvisaTvis

qveyana dayo 8 samTavrod, gauna-

wila maT saxelmwifoebrivi mar-

Tvis uflebebi da movaleobebi

da SemoiRo finansuri resurse-

bis mobilizaciisa da xarjvis

centraluri da adgilobrivi

doneebi, dRevandeli termino-

logiiT - sabiujeto federa-

lizmi. aseve iyo XI-XIII saukunee-

bis epoqaSi, rodesac ,,xixaTa

erisTavebi”, erisTavT-erisTa-

(dasawyisi me-3 gverdze)

saqarTvelos

damoukideblobis gamocxadebasafinanso-sabiujeto federalizmi -

krizisidan gamosvlis umoklesi gza?!


saqarTvelo ekonomikuri

ganviTarebis gzajvaredinze

1111mmaaiissii

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-

xelmwifo universitetis studen-

tur TviTmmarTvelobas axladar-

Ceuli Tavmjdomare hyavs. zurab

mesxiZe ganaTlebisa da mecniere-

baTa fakultetis kompiutingis

specialobis studentia. igi gazeT

„baTumis universitets“ samomav-

lo gegmebis Sesaxeb esaubreba.

- zura, ra SegiZliaT gviTxraT

Tqveni saqmianobis Sesaxeb, ra gaa-

keTeT 19 aprilidan dRemde da ro-

goria uaxlesi gegmebi?

- universitetis studenturi

TviTmmarTveloba rogorc ki axali

samuSao ZaliT dakompleqtda, ma-

Sinve daviwyeT muSaoba sxvadasxva

mimarTulebiT. Camoyalibda saga-

reo saqmeTa departamenti, rome-

lic aqtiurad TanamSromlobs or-

ganizaciebTan, memorandumi gava-

formeT sastumro „inturistTan”,

aseve vgegmavT kontraqtis gafor-

mebas „SeratonTan” da „redison-

Tan”. aRniSnul sastumroebSi Tuki

vakansia gamocxaddeba, isini Cven

gvacnobeben. Cven Suamavali rgoli

viqnebiT zemoT xsenebul dawesebu-

lebebTan.

aseve, ukve daviwyeT monitorin-

gis Catareba, Tu ra problemebi

aqvT studentebs, ra miznebi aqvT,

ra undaT rom gaakeTon da saerTod

apireben Tu ara CarTvas studen-

tur cxovrebaSi. Cven ganvaxorcie-

leT ramdenime proeqti, saintereso

RonisZiebebi, wignis saerTaSoriso

dResTan dakavSirebiT SevagroveT

wignebi, romelTa nawilic gaiyida

da Semosuli Tanxa universitetis

socialurad daucvel studentTa

fondSi Cairicxa. is wignebi, romle-

bic ver gaiyida, patimrebs gavug-

zavneT. aseve TviTmarTvelobasTan

arsebobs „kimpin jgufi“, romelic

gegmavs sxvadasxva gacvliT Ronis-

Ziebas da pirveli didi RonisZieba

Sedga didaWarobas, 12 maiss, and-

ria pirvelwodebulis dResTan da-

kavSirebiT. daaxloebiT 200-mde

studenti waviyvaneT eqskursiaze.

es aris turizmis fakultetTan

dafuZnebuli jgufi da ZiriTadad

masSi monawileobas swored am fa-

kultetis studentebi miiReben.

Cven axalgazrdul saqmeTa depar-

tamentTan proeqtis xelmZRvanels

Suamavloba gavuwieT.

_ ra urTierToba gaqvT dRes

TviTmmarTvelobis im wevrebTan,

romlebTanac sul ramdenime Tvis

win metoqeoba gakavSirebdaT?

_ dRes daZabuloba TiTqmis

aRar aris. erTmaneTTan vTanamS-

romlobT da yvelafers vakeTebT

imisaTvis, rom studenturi cxov-

reba gavaumjeboseT da TiToeulma

studentma igrZnos, rom misi azri

gadamwyvetia.

_ ra SegiZliaT gviTxraT biu-

jetis Sesaxeb, apirebT mis „gasa-

jaroebas”? mogexsenebaT, TiToe-

uli studentis swavlis qiris 1%

studenturi TviTmmarTvelobis

biujetSi iricxeba. iqneba maTTvis

cnobili, raSi ixarjeba maTi jibi-

dan Semosuli Tqveni dafinanseba?

_ Cemi TxovniT administracia-

Si gamoyofilia pirovneba, vinc aR-

ricxavs finansur xarjebs. gagim-

xelT saidumlos da getyviT, rom

erTi Tvis Tavze warvadgen deta-

lurad ramdeni, sad da raSi daixar-

ja, aseve, Tu ramdeni daixarjeba am

semestrSi. TviTmarTvelobas konk-

retulad misTvis gamyofili biu-

jeti ar aqvs. debulebaSi weria,

rom SeuZlia 1%-is gamoyeneba, rac

60-dan 100 000 laria, magram, SeiZ-

leba ver aiTviso es Tanxa, an zedme-

tic dagWirdes. ubralod, Cven

varT rgoli ara marto Sida sauni-

versiteto saqmianobaSi, aramed

sxva organizaciebTan da sainicia-

tivo jgufebTan TanamSromlobis

drosac.

mas Semdeg, rac universitetis

studentur TviTmmarTvelobas axa-

li Tavmjdomare hyavs, erT Tveze

meti dro gavida.

TviTmarTvelobis arCevnebTan

dakavSirebiT da saerTod TviTmar-

Tvelobis muSaobis Sesaxeb aseve sa-

interesoa universitetis reqto-

ris, profesor alioSa bakuriZis

mosazreba. SekiTxvaze _ Tu rogor

Seafasebda TviTmarTvelobis ar-

Cevnebs da mimdinare procebs, aR-

niSna:

„is lafsusebi rac TviTmmarTe-

lobis wina saarCevno kompanias da

zogadad arCevnebs axlda, iyo ubra-

lod gamoucdelobis brali, radga-

nac yvelaferi studentebma dageg-

mes da gaakeTes, da bunebrivia, ar-

Cevnebs yovelTvis axlavs aseTi

uTanxmoebebi.

ase Tu ise, arCevnebi Catarda da

studentebma TavianTi arCevani zu-

ra mesxiZeze SeaCeres, Tu rogor

ganviTardeba movlenebi amas dro

gviCvenebs“.

sainteresoa studentebis az-

ric, radgan TviTmmrTveloba maT

samsaxurSi unda iyos, igi studen-

tebs unda ekuTvnodes. isini jerje-

robiT axldarCeuli Tavmjdomaris

winsvlaze verafers amboben, rad-

gan miaCniT, rom jer Sefasebis gake-

Teba adrea.

studentma levan tarielaZem ki

daakonkreta: „vfiqrob, SesaZlebe-

li iqneboda, am drois ganmavlobaSi

zuras bevri ram gaekeTebina, magram

aqtiuri adamiania da yvelaferi ga-

keTdeba imisaTvis, rom Cvenma uni-

versitetma kvlav wamyvani adgili

daiWiros. aqve aRvniSnav, amisTvis

saWiroa TanamSromloba da urTier-

TSeTanxmebuli muSaoba“.


istoriis specialobis mesame

kursis studenti

studenturi TviTmmarTveloba

axali samoqmedo programiT

adamiani midis am qveynidan

da rCeba misi Sinasaxe, piradi

saqme da STamomavloba. gasuli

saukunis Cveni pedagogiuri ins-

titutis 70-80–iani wlebis Tao-

bis erT-erTi ubralo, Tavmda-

bali, Semoqmedi adamianis kaxa-

ber wveravas cxovrebis kalend-

ris gadafurcvlisas wamiT Sev-

CerdiT maSindeli reqtoris

dursun balaZis 1979 wlis 25

seqtembris brZanebaze, romel-

Sic TanamSromelTa erTi nawi-

lis sruliad sakavSiro aRwera-

Si warmatebiT monawileobisaT-

vis ucxadeben madlobas. maT So-

ris Cveni kolegebis didi nawi-

li dRes cocxali aRaraa, magram

CvenSi darCa maTi keTili saxee-

bi, adamianTa Soris megobruli,

Tbili damokidebulebis dau-

viwyari dReebi. galaqtions uT-

qvams: ,,mesaflave Sen ambob rom

qveyanaze vinc ki kvdeba, imwuT-

save yvela Cvengans aviwydeba?! –

es SeuZlebelia imitomac, rom

Cven kargi cxovrebidan movdi-

varT. dRes ki yvelafers sxva

elferi mieca. isev aRorZinda

erT dros miviwyebuli laTinu-

ri gamoTqma, rom adamiani adami-

anisTvis mgelia. kaxaber wvera-

vam mTeli misi Segnebuli cxov-

reba universitetSi gaatara. da-

badebula baTumSi 1950 wlis 8

seqtembers. 1957-1965 wlebSi

swavlobda baTumis ##1 saSualo

zogadsaganmanaTleblo skola-

Si. 1975 wels daamTavra baTumis

SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis pe-

dagogiuri instituti da mieni-

Wa qarTuli enisa da literatu-

ris maswavleblis kvalifika-

cia. bavSvobidan gamoirCeoda

musikaluri niWiT da institut-

Si swavlis paralelurad 1970-

1974 wlebSi baTumis ##2 musi-

kalur skolaSi daeufla musi-

kalur ganaTlebas. musikalur

skoladamTavrebuls mieca mu-

Saobis ufleba koncertmaiste-

rad, musikauri jgufebis xelm-

ZRvanlad, artistad, xalxuri

musikaluri sakravebis orkest-

ris xelmZRvanelad.

kaxaber wverava Semoqmede-

biTi niWiT dajildovebuli

adamiani iyo, SesaniSnavad uk-

ravda sxvadasxva musikalur in-

strumentze da maT Soris, gan-

sakuTrebiT fortepianoze. mi-

si musikaluri talanti gamor-

Ceulad gamovlinda pedinsti-

tutis sazogadoebriv profesi-

aTa fakultetze moRvaweobis

xanaSi.

mas umoRvawia profesor ali

msxalaZesa da saxelganTqmul

ansambl òrnanosTan“, profe-

sor oTar giorgaZesTan, qore-

ografebTan qemal CiCuasa da

Temur beJaniZesTan, qoreogra-

fiul ansambl ,,tbeTTan“ da a.S.

mas axalgazrda Semoqmedi ada-

mianis niWis gamovlenis da da-

fasebis didi unari gaaCnda. ka-

xaber wveravam didi Sroma gas-

wia studentur klubSi samxatv-

ro xelmZRvanelis Tanamdeboba-

ze yofnisas. misi uSualo xelm-

ZRvanelobiT universitetSi

araerTi studenturi dReebi ga-

imarTa. kaxaber wveravam Sesa-

niSnavi qarTuli ojaxi Seqmna.

misi meuRle qalbatoni nalima

gogia medicinis muSakia. daviTi

Cveni universitetis kursdam-

Tavrebulia, xolo levani ki

farmacevti. kaxaberma axlaxan

izeima axalmosaxleoba, magram

ar dascalda misi SromiT Seqm-

nil ojaxSi mxiaruleba, RmerT-

ma acxonos misi suli da RmerTo

umravle mas STamomavloba.

mmeerraabb mmeeggrreelliiSSvviillii

vebi _ abuserisZeebi eweod-

nen saqmianobas regionis eko-

nomikuri ganviTarebisaTvis.

mSeneblobebis (samonastro,

xidebis, gzebis da a.S.) warmo-

ebisaTvis axdendnen sagadasa-

xado resursebis mobilizaci-

as, saidanac kargad Cans, rom

aRniSnul kuTxes jer kidev

XII-XIII saukuneebSi gaaCnda

mniSvnelovani finansuri da-

moukidebloba Tavis terito-

riaze finansuri resursebis

mobilizaciasa, gankargvasa

da gamoyenebaSi.

miuxedavad Znelbedobisa,

saqarTvelom bolo dromde

SeinarCuna qveynis sabiujeto

federalizmis konturebi, ra-

sac safuZvlad edo da udevs

qveynis geografiul-ekonomi-

kur-eTnikuri maxasiaTeble-

bi.

finansistebisaTvis afo-

rizmad qceuli gamoTqma ,,Tu

warmatebebi ar iqna miRweuli

safinanso politikaSi, sxva

yvela reforma ganwirulia

kraxisaTvis” _ arc erT qve-

yanas ise ar miesadageba, ro-

gorc dRevandel saqarTve-

los, masSi mimdinare refor-

mebs, maT finansur adekva-

tebs. radgan warmatebebi ar

miRweula qveynis ganaTlebis,

janmrTelobis dacvis, sasa-

marTlos, prokuraturis,

samxedro, sagadasaxado, saba-

Jo da sxva uwyebebSi mimdina-

re reformebSi.

saqarTvelos finansuri

da, Sesabamisad, ekonomikuri

profilis sxva krizisidan ga-

mosvlis mravali gza arse-

bobs, maT Soris mTavari _ sa-

biujeto federalizmis gzaa,

romlis pirveli konturebi

gamokveTilia, kerZod saqar-

Tvelo dayofilia 12 adminis-

traciul-teritoriul erTe-

ulad (mxared).

Tanamedrove saqarTve-

los finansuri siZlieris veq-

tori sabiujeto federaliz-

mze gadis. rogori operatiu-

lobiTa da kompetenturobi-

Tac moxdeba masze gadasvla,

iseTive iqneba saqarTvelos

momavali, misi ekonomika,

kultura, socialuri da po-

litikuri yofa.

gamokvlevebma cxadyo,

rom saqarTvelos gaaCnia yve-

la umniSvnelovanesi resur-

si, raTa droulad moaxdinos

aucilebeli gardaqmnebi, bo-

lomde miiyvanos dawyebuli

reforma, daZlios arsebuli

mZime socialur-ekonomikuri

mdgomareoba da CamorCeni-

loba. usafuZvloa mtkiceba

imisa, TiTqosda ar gvaqvs war-

moebis ganviTarebisaTvis Se-

sabamisi resursebi, maSin, ro-

desac ganviTarebis mTavari

resursi xalxia, inteleqti.

Cveni xalxis SegnebaSi

,,dasavleTi” da ,,evropa” im-

TaviTve dawinaurebulis,

mowinavis, ganviTarebulis

cnebaTa gamomxatveli iyo.

amis sapirispirod ,,aRmosav-

leTi” _ qarTvelebis winsv-

lis damxSobisa da Semafer-

xeblis gamomxatveli. asea

dResac, msoflio urTierTo-

baTa sistemaSi mniSvnelovani

roli eniWeba RerZs – ,,Crdi-

loeTi-dasavleTi”. am siste-

maSi saqarTvelos geostrate-

giuli mimarTulebas gaaCnia

ori SesaZlo varianti:

p i r v e l i - daafiqsi-

ros da miiRos naxevrad peri-

feriuli qveynis statusi,

daamkvidros zustad is

msoflmeurneobrivi da po-

litikuri urTierTobebis

niSa, sadac Cven qveyanas ar

eqneba imaze meti potencia-

lis pretenzia, vidre mas ga-

aCnia; aqedan gamomdinare, man

unda miiRos is Sedegi da mie-

ces is upiratesoba, romelic

gaaCnia saSuamavlo mdgoma-

reobas centrsa da periferi-

as Soris. es aris realuri

tendencia da mas gaaCnia rea-

luri safrTxec.

m e o r e- Cveni qveynis ga-

daqceva erT-erT ekonomiku-

rad ayvavebul qveynad, iseTi

geopolitikuri da geostra-

tegiuli mdebareobis gamo,

romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebe-

li iqneba Tanamedrove maRal-

teqnologiuri ekonomika,

adamianTa maRali cxovrebis

donis pirobebi, saerTaSori-

so standartebTan miaxloe-

buli socialur-politikur

urTierTobaTa ganviTarebu-

li sistema da demokratiuli

institutebi.

,,dasavleTi” Tu ,,Crdi-

loeTi”? romlisgan unda mi-

viRoT saqmiani winadadebebi

da rekomendaciebi. – ai, is,

rac yvela qarTvelis winaSe

dgas da romelic moelis

droul, kvalificiur pasuxs,

gadawyvetas, xorcSesxmas.

1996 wlis ivnisSi saqarT-

veloSi oficialur vizitad

myofma germaniis imdroin-

delma prezidentma roman

hercogma Tavis erT-erT ga-

mosvlaSi ganacxada: ,,qarTve-

lebs iseTi didi istoriuli

memkvidreoba gaqvT, rom sxvi-

si Wkuis saswavli araferi

gWirT _ TqvenTan rom saxel-

mwifo samarTlis kanonebs ad-

gendnen, evropaSi maSin amaze

warmodgenac ar hqondaT...”.

amasve exmianeba ilias

sityvebi ,,warsuli-mkvidri

saZirkvelia awmyosi, rogorc

awmyo momavalisa.”

diax, saqarTvelos socia-

lur-ekonomikuri da politi-

kuri viTarebis ZlierebaSi

lomis wili samxreT-dasav-

leT saqarTvelos ekuTvno-

da; is iyo karibWe Zlierebisa,

radgan masze gadioda imdro-

indel civilizebul samya-

rosTan damakavSirebeli yve-

la gza.

yvelasaTvis cnobilia,

rom saqarTveloze gaivlis

didi abreSumis, navTobis, bu-

nebrivi airis gza, riTac er-

Txel kidev dasturdeba Cveni

winaprebis mier gamoTqmul

mosazrebaTa marTebuloba,

rom gzebi iyo, aris da iqneba

aucilebeli faqtori qveynis

ekonomikuri ganviTarebisaT-

vis.

imisaTvis, rom saqarTve-

lo gamovides umwvavesi safi-

nanso-ekonomikuri da socia-

lur-politikuri krizisi-

dan, Seiqmnas mZlavri erovnu-

li ekonomika da mosaxleobis

materialur-kulturuli

mdgomareoba umokles vadeb-

Si gaumjobesdes, saWiroa ro-

gorc msoflios socialur-

ekonomikuri tendenciebisa

da procesebis gaTvaliswine-

ba, aseve, qveynis specifikis,

misi tradiciebisa da menta-

litetis ucilobeli gaTva-

liswineba. da, swored es aris

gza erTiani, Zlieri da ayvave-

buli saqarTvelos mSeneblo-

bisaken.

ggiioorrggii aabbuusseelliiZZee,,ekonomikis doqtori,

profesori

(dasawyisi me-10 gverdze)

mosagonari

kkaaxxaabbeerr wwvveerraavvaa

1122mmaaiissii

ggaazzeeTTii ddaaiibbeeWWddaa

ggaammoommcceemmlloobbaa

`̀ssaammSSoobbllooSSii~~

22 1188 0077 7766;; 55 9999 9955 3311 9900

mmiiss..:: qq.. TTbbiilliissii,,

rroobbaaqqiiZZiiss 77

C M Y K

bgeriT talRebs an ubralod

bgeras uwodeben talRebs, romel-

sac adamianis yuri aRiqvams. tal-

Rebi airebSi - Cvens sasicocxlo ga-

remoSi iwvevs gansakuTrebul inte-

ress. fizikis nawils, romelic bge-

riT movlenebs Seiswavlis, akustika

ewodeba.

airSi bgerebis gavrcelebisas

atomebi da molekulebi irxevian

talRebis gavrcelebis mimarTule-

biT. bgeriT talRebs airSi xSirad

simkvrivis talRebs an wnevis tal-

Rebs uwodeben. bgeris fizikuri

cneba ar Semoifargleba adamianis

smenadobis Sesabamisi sixSiris bge-

riT. adamiani SeigrZnobs 16 hc-dan

20000 hc-mde sixSiris bgerebs. 16

hc-ze dabal bgerebs infrabgera

ewodeba, 20000 hc-ze maRals ki - ul-

trabgera. Tu gitaras xels Camovk-

ravT, igi rxevas daiwyebs, mis garSe-

mo myofi haeri bevrjer SeikumSeba

da gaiSleba. am talRebs bgeriTi

talRebi hqvia. isini uxilavia, mag-

ram rodesac yurs miaRweven, dafis

apkis rxevas iwveven da bgerac

gvesmis. bgeriTi talRa myar sxe-

ulSic gadis, siTxeSic da airSic.

igi mxolod vakuumSi (cariel sivr-

ceSi) ar vrceldeba.

bgeriTi talRa haerSi 330 m/wm

siCqariT vrceldeba, Tumca tempe-

raturis cvlilebasTan erTad es

sididec icvleba. bgera daaxloe-

biT milionjer nela vrceldeba,

vidre sinaTle, amitomaa, rom jer

gaelvebas vxedavT da mxolod amis

Semdeg gvesmis quxili.

zebgeriTi TviTmfrinavi bgera-

ze swrafad frens da talRebs war-

moqmnis, rogorc swrafad mcuravi

navis win warmoiqmneba talRebi. ro-

desac dartymiTi talRa Cagvivlis,

„bgeriTi dartymac“ gvesmis.

ssmmeenniiss kkuurriioozzeebbii

rodesac Cven xmel orcxobelas

vxravT, gvesmis gamayruebeli xmau-

ri, amavdroulad ki Cvens gverdiT

imave orcxobelas SedarebiT uxma-

urod Seeqcevian. rogor axerxeben

isini am xramaxrumis Tavidan aci-

lebas? xmauri mxolod Cven gvesmis.

Tavis qalas Zvlebi, rogorc yove-

li myari da drekadi sxeuli, bge-

ras Zalian kargad atarebs, is ki

mkvriv areSi xandaxan Zalian Zli-

erdeba. ai kidev cda imave dargi-

dan: rgoliT daiWireT kbilebiT

jibis saaTi, yurebSi TiTebi mWid-

rod dairWeT. saaTis wikwikis nacv-

lad Tqven gaigonebT mZime darty-

mas.

amboben, rodesac beThoveni

dayruvda, is ase ismenda roials:

Tavisi xeljoxis erT wvers roials

miabjenda, meores kbilebTan mii-

tanda. aseve yru-munjebs, romleb-

sac SenarCunebuli aqvT SigniTa

yuri, SeuZliaT musikis dakvraze

icekvon. bgerebi aRwevs maTi smenis

nervebs iatakisa da fexis Zvlebis

saSualebiT.

amerikel iumorists, erT-

erT Tavis moTxrobaSi aRweri-

li aqvs sasacilo ambavi erTi

koleqcioneris faTerakiani

Tavgadasavlis Sesaxeb, romel-

mac ganizraxa koleqciis Sedge-

na... Tu iciT ris? - gamoZaxi-

lis.

is yidulobda miwis yvela im

nakveTs, sadac mravalgzisi an

raime SesaniSnavi gamoZaxili

warmoiqmneboda. gamoZaxili nam-

dvilad arsebobs dedamiwaze,

umTavresad mTagorian adgi-

lebSi da zog maTgans didi xni-

dan aqvs saqveynod saxeli gan-

Tqmuli. arc Tu ise advilia im ad-

gilis moZebna, sadac gamoZaxili

mkafiod gaismis. kargad ismis gamo-

Zaxili tyiT garemocul mindvreb-

Si. sakmarisia aseT mindorze wamo-

iyviro, rom tyis kedelma gamosces

mkafio xma.

gamoZaxili aris romelime dabr-

kolebisagan areklili bgeriTi

talRebis ukan dabruneba. iseve ro-

gorc sinaTlis arekvlis dros, bge-

riTi sxivis dacemis kuTxe udris

misi arekvlis kuTxes. rac ufro

mkveTria da nawyvet-nawyveti bgera,

miT ufro mkafioa gamoZaxili. misi

gamowveva ufro marjvea taSis ce-

miT. qalisa da bavSvis xmaTa toni

iZleva SesamCnevad mkafio gamoZa-

xils.

bbggeerriiTTii ssaarrkkeeeebbii

maRali Robe, Senoba, mTa - yvela

zRude, romelic areklavs bgeras,

aris igive sarke bgerisTvis. yoveli

CamoTvlili dabrkoleba areklavs

bgeras ise, rogorc brtyeli sarke

sinaTles.

bgeriTi sarke SeiZleba iyos ara

marto brtyeli, aramed mrudic.

Cazneqili sarke moqmedebs rogorc

refleqtori: „bgeris sxivebs“ Tavs

uyris Tavis fokusSi.

ori maTlafis saSualebiT

SegviZlia CavataroT cda:

erTi maTlafa magidaze dav-

doT da mis fskerTan, ramde-

nime santimetris daSorebiT

xeliT daviWiroT jibis saa-

Ti. meore TefSi mivitanoT

yurTan. Tu TefSebisa da saa-

Tis mdebareoba monaxulia

wesierad (amas aRweven cdebis

Semdeg), maSin gavigonebT saaTis

wikwiks, TiTqos es yurTan mitanili

TefSidan gamodiodes. iluzia Zli-

erdeba, Tu Tvalebs davxuWavT. am

SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebelia smeniT

imis gamorkveva, Tu romel xelSi

gviWiravs saaTi.

Sua saukuneTa cixe-darbazebis

mSeneblebi bgeriT kuriozebs

qmnidnen da qandakebebs dgamdnen an

bgeriTi sarkis fokusSi, an kedel-

Si ostaturad damaluli salapara-

ko milis boloSi. aseT darbazSi Se-

suls ise moeCveneba, TiTqos marma-

rilos qandakebebi CurCuleben, Ri-

Rineben da a.S

bbggeerraa TTeeaattrriiss ddaarrbbaazzSSii

vinc Teatrebsa da sakoncerto

darbazebSi dadis, kargad icis, rom

darbazs SeiZleba hqondes cudi da

kargi akustika. zogierT darbazSi

msaxiobebis xma da musikaluri ins-

trumentebis JRera didi manZili-

danac mkafiod moismis, zogSi xmebi

axlodanac gaurkvevelia. am movle-

nis mizezi kargad aris gadmocemu-

li amerikeli fizikosis, vudis wig-

nSi: „bgeriTi talRebi da maTi ga-

moyeneba“. magaliTad, Tu bgera sam

wams grZeldeba da oratori wamSi

sityvis sam marcvals warmoTqvams,

maSin bgeriTi talRebis saTanado

cxra xmovani marcvali oTaxSi yve-

la erTad datrialdeba da Seqmnis

iseT gaurkvevlobasa da xmaurs,

rom msmeneli srulebiT ver SeZ-

lebs oratoris naTqvamis gagebas.

Tu bgeris damWeroba Zalian di-

dia, garemoebac auaresebs smenado-

bas. gadaWarbebuli damWeroba bge-

ris odnav dayruebas iwvevs. Teatr-

Si aris iseTi ramec, rac fizikis

TvalsazrisiT sainteresoa: mokar-

naxis jixura.

migiqceviaT Tu ara yuradReba,

rom yvela TeatrSi am jixurebis

forma erTnairia? es imitom, rom

mokarnaxis jixura Taviseburi fi-

zikuri xelsawyoa. jixuras TaRi

warmoadgens Cazneqil bgeriTi sar-

kes, romelsac orgvari daniSnuleba

aqvs: daiWiros mokarnaxis bagedan

msmenlisaken wasuli bgeriTi tal-

Rebi da garda amisa, areklos es

talRebi scenis mimarTulebiT.

mmwweerreebbiiss bbzzuuiill--zzuuzzuunnii

ratom gamoscemen mwerebi bzu-

il-zuzunis xmebs? maT umetes Sem-

TxvevaSi arc aqvT saamisod raime

gansakuTrebuli organoebi. bzuili

mweris frenis dros gvesmis. gamow-

veulia imiT, rom rodesac mwerebi

frinaven, frTebs Zalian swrafad

amoZraveben. mweris frTa aris rxe-

vadi firfita. viciT, rom yoveli

firfita, Tu is sakmao sixSiriT (

wamSi 16-jer ufro xSirad) irxeva,

warmoSobs garkveuli simaRlis

tons.

„drois lupis“ saSualebiT mo-

xerxda imis gamorkveva, rom yoveli

mweris frTebis aqnevaTa ricxvi

wamSi matulobs mxolod sicivis

zemoqmedebiT. magaliTad, oTaxis

buzi, romelic wamSi frTebis 352

aqnevas akeTebs. futkari, romelic

gamoscems tons A-s, wamSi 440-jer

iqnevs frTebs da sul raRac 330-

jer, roca is TafliTaa datvirTu-

li. koRo wamSi 500-600 rxevas ake-

Tebs. Sesadareblad aRvniSnoT, rom

TviTmfrinavis propeleri wamSi sa-

Sualod 25 bruns asrulebs.

rrooggoorr iizzoommeebbaa xxmmaauurrii??

Tu raime mizezis gamo mogveCve-

neba, rom odnavi xmauri, romelic

Cven Semogvesmis, warmoiSoba ara

Cven axlos, aramed ufro Sors, ma-

Sin bgera mogveCveneba gacilebiT

ufro xmamaRali.

saintereso SemTxveva, romelic

Tavis „fsiqologiaSi“ amerikelma

mecnierma, viliams jeimsma aRwera:

„erTxel, gvian RamiT, vijeqi da

kiTxulobdi. uceb saxlis zeda na-

wilSi saSineli xmauri gaisma. igi

erTi wuTiT Sewyda da mere isev ga-

naxlda. sastumro oTaxSi gavedi

xmauris gasagonad, magram iq aRar

gameorebula. rogorc ki davbrundi

oTaxSi, aRmovaCine, rom xmaurs

qmnida Tavisi xvrinviT patara ZaR-

li, romelsac iatakze eZina... amas-

Tanave sayuradReboa, rom rogorc

ki mivxvdi xmauris namdvili mizezs,

me ukve veRar SevZeli winandeli

iluziis ganaxleba.“

ra saWiroa sxvadasxva cvalebadi

sixSiris gaurkveveli narevis, xmau-

ris Seswavla? misi yovelmxrivi ga-

mokvleva daiwyes am bolo xanebSi,

roca gamoirkva, rom Zlieri xmebi

azianebs adamianis janmrTelobas.

xmamaRlobis erTeulad miCneulia 1

beli (telefonis gamomgoneblis, be-

lis sapativcemulod), romelic ud-

ris 10 decibels, praqtikaSi ixmare-

ba rogorc ufro wvrili sazomi.

neli CurCuli Cveni yuridan or na-

bijze, an niavis dros foTlebis

Sriali ganisazRvreba 10 decibe-

liT, xmamaRali laparaki - 65

decibeliT.

Tu Tqven iciT, rom Cumi

avtomobili iZleva xmaurs 5

beliT, foTlebis Sriali 1

beliT, maSin avtomobili iZ-

leva xmovanebas, romlis fi-

zikuri Zala (energia) meti

iqneba foTlebis Srialis

energiaze 104-iT, e.i. 10.000-

jer. 80 da meti belis xmauri jan-

mrTelobaze mavne gavlenas axdens.

irRveva gulis ritmi, imatebs sisx-

lis wneva da a.S.

iilloonnaa dduummbbaaZZee,, fizikis specialobis pirveli

kursis studenti

bgera bunebaSi

Documents

baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #5 ... · baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #5. maisi. 2013. C M Y K dedofa-li sruli-ad saqarT-velosi,