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Baroque ArtBaroque Art
If it’s not Baroque
don’t fix it!Hee Hee
Hee!
Characteristics of Baroque ArtCharacteristics of Baroque Art
•Return to Rome as the centre of the arts—Return to Rome as the centre of the arts—that’s where the money wasthat’s where the money was
•Complex, but unnecessarily Complex, but unnecessarily
•More passionateMore passionate
•Art seems “overdone”Art seems “overdone”
MannerismMannerism
•Began in Italy—spreads North because ofBegan in Italy—spreads North because of- outbreak of the plague (1522) - outbreak of the plague (1522) - the sack of Rome (1527)- the sack of Rome (1527)
•Self-consciously artificial –derived from Self-consciously artificial –derived from certain aspects of works of Raphael and certain aspects of works of Raphael and MichelangeloMichelangelo
•Formulated abstraction—emphasizes grace Formulated abstraction—emphasizes grace variety, and virtuoso at the expense of clarity, variety, and virtuoso at the expense of clarity, content, and unitycontent, and unity
•Appeals to a small sophisticated audienceAppeals to a small sophisticated audience
•Comes out of the High Renaissance quest Comes out of the High Renaissance quest for originality—projection of individuals for originality—projection of individuals personality—explore imaginations freelypersonality—explore imaginations freely
•Many regarded it as decadentMany regarded it as decadent
•Intensely religious subjects yet also shows Intensely religious subjects yet also shows spiritual bankruptcyspiritual bankruptcy
•Later praise for its visionary power to help Later praise for its visionary power to help shift to religious sensibilityshift to religious sensibility
The Venus of UrbinoThe Venus of UrbinoTitian, 1538
Christ in the House of LeviChrist in the House of LeviVeronese, 1573
Detail Detail
Burial of Burial of Count OrgazCount OrgazEl Greco, 1586
DetailDetail
Detail: Contemporaries & PatronsDetail: Contemporaries & Patrons
Detail: Detail: AscensionAscension
Baroque Art in the SouthBaroque Art in the South
•Art become propaganda—Counter Art become propaganda—Counter Reformation: want to get people back into Reformation: want to get people back into the church and St. Peter’s most important the church and St. Peter’s most important venues for artvenues for art
•Mysticism brought into the church—Mysticism brought into the church—architecture glorifies Godarchitecture glorifies God
•Jesuits help to reform church in 1500s/1600sJesuits help to reform church in 1500s/1600s
•Attendance kept of people going to churchAttendance kept of people going to church
The Calling The Calling of of
St. MatthewSt. MatthewCaravaggio, 1599-1602
DetailDetail
Judith Judith and the and the
Maidservant Maidservant with the with the Head of Head of
HolofernesHolofernes
Gentileschi,
1625
Glorification Glorification of the Reign of the Reign
of Pope of Pope Urban VIIIUrban VIIIda Cortona, 1633-1639;
Fresco
DetailDetail
David David (marble)(marble) Bernini,
1623
Ecstasy ofEcstasy ofSt. TheresaSt. Theresa
Bernini,
1645-1652; marble
Tabernacle Tabernacle (Baldacchino) (Baldacchino) at the Crossing at the Crossing of St. Peter’sof St. Peter’s
Bernini; 1624-1633
Baroque Art in the NorthBaroque Art in the North
•Holland and Flanders (S. Netherlands)Holland and Flanders (S. Netherlands)
•Not sponsored by the State and church because Not sponsored by the State and church because of Reformation/Protestantismof Reformation/Protestantism
•Private collector is chief form of supportPrivate collector is chief form of support
•Pictures became a commodityPictures became a commodity
•Supply and demand allowed artists to produce Supply and demand allowed artists to produce for a market—not unusual for an artist to run for a market—not unusual for an artist to run and businessand business
•France and EnglandFrance and England
•FranceFrance: more about the : more about the glorification of King glorification of King Louis XIVLouis XIV
•EnglandEngland: no real : no real contribution except the contribution except the rebuilding of St. Paul’s rebuilding of St. Paul’s Cathedral by Sir Cathedral by Sir Christopher Wren after Christopher Wren after the Great Fire of London the Great Fire of London in 1666in 1666
Malle BabbeMalle Babbe Frans Hals;
1650
DetailDetail
Blinding of SamsonBlinding of SamsonRembrandt; 1636
DetailDetail
Return Return of the of the
Prodigal Prodigal SonSon
Rembrandt; 1665
DetailDetail
DetailDetail
Night Night Watch Watch
Rembrandt
DetailDetail
The Love The Love LetterLetter
Vermeer; 1666
DetailDetail
Christ in the Christ in the Carpenter’s Carpenter’s
ShopShopde la Tour; 1645
DetailDetail
Rape of the Sabine WomenRape of the Sabine Women Poussin;1636-1637
DetailDetail
The Garden of LoveThe Garden of LoveRubens; 1638
Palace at VersaillesPalace at Versailles Hardouin-mansart; 1669-1685
Detail: Garden FrontDetail: Garden Front
Baroque gone nuts, RussiaBaroque gone nuts, Russia