Baroque(1600-1700) If it aint Baroque, dont fix it

Definition www.artlex.com Baroque - The art style or movement of the Counter-Reformation in the seventeenth century. Although some features appear in Dutch art, the Baroque style was limited mainly to Catholic countries. It is a style in which painters, sculptors, and architects sought emotion, movement, and variety in their works.

Introduction Handout Summarize each paragraph PERSIA- write a letter for each paragraph This will actually be graded under classwork, because I have good TAs now!

Key Ideas - CultureCounter-Reformation symbolized the Catholic resurgence finds a voice in Baroque art. Painting comes in different forms: genre, landscape, still lives. Architecture associated with grand royal courts of Europe.Begins in Rome, towards end FRANCE becomes center for art.

The Low Down Art Combined the accuracy of the Renaissance with the emotions of MannerismTenebrism was all the rageMore individualistic styleArtists see art as liberal vs. manualCompositional ElementsOpen compositionsDiagonal linesStrong Contrasts

+=

Italian Baroque (1590-1680)Baroque style began in RomeReligionArtistCaravaggioTenebrismSculptorBerniniArchitectBorromini

Tenebrism www.artlex.com tenebroso or tenebrism - Tenebroso is an Italian word, literally meaning dark and gloomy. Both tenebroso and its English equivalent, tenebrism, refer to a style of painting characterized by high contrast between light and shade -- emphasis placed on chiaroscuro to achieve dark, dramatic effects.

Tenebrism cont. Frequently the main subjects of tenebrist pictures are illuminated by a single source of light, as if a spotlight shone upon them, leaving other areas in darkness. Such pictures have been called "night pictures" painted in the "dark manner." The most reknowned tenebrists have been "Caravaggio"(Italian, 1571/73-1610), Georges De La Tour (French, 1593-1652), and Rembrandt van Rijn (Dutch, 1606-1669).

CaravaggioFather of Tenebrism (chiaroscuro) Befriended the lower-classHot-headedRan from the law oftenPainted with a new sense of realism and dynamic forcePainted as if the people were bring observed close up

EntombmentsRenaissance: MannerismBaroque: TenebrismPontormoCaravaggio

Caravaggio. The Calling of St. Matthew. 1599-1600. Oil on canvas. 107-1/2 x 112

Calling of Saint Matthew videohttps://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/caravaggio-s-calling-of-st-matthew-c-1599-1600

6 min. class quiz

BerniniMan of many tradesArchitect and sculptorSon of a sculptorServed the church under 8 popes

Bernini. David 1623. Marble, 57. Roman Galleria

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/bernini-david-1623-24

4 minClass Quiz

Donatello, Early RenaissanceMichelangelo, High RenaissanceBernini, Baroque

Bernini. The Ecstasy of St. Theresa. 1645-52. Cornaro Chapel, Rome. Marble.

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/bernini-ecstasy-of-st-theresa

7 minClass quiz

Beside me, on the left, appeared an angel in bodily form.... He was not tall but short, and very beautiful; and his face was so aflame that he appeared to be one of the highest rank of angels, who seem to be all on fire.... In his hands I saw a great golden spear, and at the iron tip there appeared to be a point of fire. This he plunged into my heart several times so that it penetrated to my entrails. When he pulled it out I felt that he took them with it, and left me utterly consumed by the great love of God. The pain was so severe that it made me utter several moans. The sweetness caused by this intense pain is so extreme that one cannot possibly wish it to cease, nor is one's soul content with anything but God. This is not a physical but a spiritual pain, though the body has some share in iteven a considerable share.

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome.

Turn to a partner and discuss what you see that looks different from previous architecture we have covered.

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/francesco-borromini-san-carlo-1638-1646

7 min.

Flemish, Dutch, Spanish, and French Baroque

Flemish Baroque (1600-40)Southern NetherlandsBelgiumCatholicism - AltarpiecesPeter Paul RubensOver 2,000 paintingsLarge female nudesReligionVan DyckPortraiture

Peter Paul RubensWorked in favor of the Counter-ReformationCreated large-scale figuresUsed Carvaggios tenebrism to enhance his work

Peter Paul Rubens. The Raising of the Cross. Belgium. 1610-11. Oil on canvas. 152 x 112

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/flanders-1/v/rubens-elevation

9 min.

Handoutannotate summarize each paragraphhighlight/ underline blah blah blah

What do you think is happening in this painting?

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/flanders-1/v/rubens-marie

5 min.

Handoutannotate summarize each paragraphhighlight/ underline blah blah blah

Van Dyck. Charles I at the Hunt. 1635.

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/flanders-1/v/van-dyck-charles-i

5 min.

Reminder quiz on chapters 24 & 25 Friday.

Open notes (no cell phones)

Dutch Baroque (1630-70)Northern NetherlandsHollandProtestant, few religious worksStill livesGenre scenesVermeerPortraitsRembrandt

RembrandtMarried into a family with an art dealer and quickly made connectionsThe most important painter working in Amsterdam in the 17th century.Loses much of his earnings over the yearsBegins IMPASTO painting thickening of the paint

Rembrandt van Rijn self-portraits

Rembrandt, Self Portrait with Saskia

Handout annotate summarize each paragraphhighlight/ underline blah blah blah

Video on Etching Processhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHxF6puMpts

10 min.

Rembrandt, The Jewish Bride

Interpretation of The Jewish Bride

Completed during his last years. Exemplifies the artist's genius for expressing human emotion on canvasThe painting acquired its current name during the early 19th century, when a Dutch art dealer described the subject as that of a Jewish father giving a necklace to his daughter on her wedding day. Today, while the identities of the two people remain obscure, most art historians believe them to be Isaac and his wife Rebecca from the Old Testament.

Whether or not he intended it as a straightforward piece ofBiblical art, there is no doubt however, that Rembrandt was depicting an intimate relationship between his two subjects. The man places his hand on the woman's bosom, while she moves instinctively to protect her modesty. Yet both show every sign of tenderness towards each other, so this is hardly a typical seduction scene.

Despite the romance and love, however, this is not an entirely happy picture. Perhaps because Rembrandt himself was experiencing a certain physical strain in his work and life. Isaac has quite modest expectations in his eyes, as if he is uncertain what the future holds, while Rebecca appears thoughtful, almost distracted. In short, this is a masterclass in psychological portraiture, and is yet another reminder why Rembrandt is considered by many to rank among thebest portrait artists, and is probably one of thebest artists of all time.

Leyster, Self-Portrait 1635. Oil on canvas.

Name means guide star, but the artistwasa star in her hometown. She was only 19 when her artwork started to be noticedIn Holland, as in the rest of Europe, professional women painters were indeed uncommon. Leyster was one of only two women accepted as a master in Haarlems painters guild during the entire 17th century.

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/holland/v/leyster-self

5 min.

Jan Vermeer. Woman Holding a Balance. C. 1664. Oil on canvas. 15 x 14

On Monday Schultz will be absent, you will watch Tims Vermeer. Which is an awesome movie about the theory that painters like Vermeer, Carravagio, and Rembrandt used optical illusions/ mirrors to paint.

More Vermeer

Rachel Ruysch, Fruit and Insects

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/holland/v/ruysch-flowers-insects

4 min.

Spanish Baroque (1625-60)Economic turmoilSpanish Golden AgeVelzquezCourt Portraiture

Velazquez, Las Meninas. 1656. Oil on canvas. 105 x 91/2Queen MarianaKing Phillip Princess Margret Teresa

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/spain/v/vel-zquez-las-meninas-c-1656

6 min.

Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei

HandoutDo things to each paragraph

Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and Hunting Scene

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/Colonial-Americas/v/brooklyn-biombo

7 min.

The Virgin of GuadalupeHis work is signed by Miguel Gonzlez, who along with his brother Juan Gonzlez is considered the foremost painter of enconchados.

Invented in Mexico, the enconchado technique consisted of placing tiny fragments of mother-of-pearl onto a wooden support or a canvas, and then covering them with a yellowish tint and thin glazes of paint. The technique, which is inspired on Asian decorative arts, imparts a brilliant luminosity to the works due to the iridescence of the shell fragments.

This work depicts the famous Virgin of Guadalupe placed atop an eagle perched on a cactus, Mexico City's legendary coat of arms.

This is a significant detail that points to the rapid creation of the cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe in the second half of the seventeenth century, and her increasing association with a local sense of identity.

French Baroque (1670-1715)Becoming economic and artistic powerPoussinLa TourVersailles

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/france/v/poussin-et-in-arcadia

3 min.

VersaillesHandout do things

Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3a72XmInag

1 hrMovie notes- write 10 facts

Versailles Facts

Designed by Louis Le-Vau and Jules Hardouin-Mansart 1168-85Under the Royal Academy of ArchitectureMath = beauty Baroque opulence Patron Louis XIV to show off his luxury and the splendor of FranceIncludes crystal chandeliers, silver furniture, marble walls, velvet and gold hangings, 498 people were required to bring the king his meals not private peopleVisual impact > comfort 240 ft hall of mirrorsGardens designed by Andre le Notre on math and symmetrySymmetry always symmetry

VocabularyBaldacchino: a canopy placed over an altar or shrineGenre painting: painting in which scenes of every day life are depicted. Tenebroso: a dramatic dark and light contrast in a paintingVanitas: a theme in still life painting that stresses the brevity of life and the folly of human vanity.

SummaryGrand, majestic, colorful European art. IllusionFloating figuresTrompe loeilTenebristic lightingInteraction with the viewerNaturalistic painters with dramatic contrasts

Short EssayThe Counter Reformation Baroque style focuses on astonishing and overpowering its audience. Art of this time was also enlisted in serving the purposes of the church militant.

The Aristocratic Baroque style focuses on glorifying the state and asserting national power and prestige.

The Bourgeois Baroque was marked by the concentration on down-to-earth common people of the middle class. Choose and identify a work for one of the types of baroque art above. Identify the work and explain how it exemplifies the style you chose.

*