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Baroque Baroque (1600-1700) (1600-1700) If it ain’t If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix Baroque, don’t fix it it

Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

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Page 1: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

BaroqueBaroque(1600-1700) (1600-1700)

If it ain’t Baroque, If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix itdon’t fix it

Page 2: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Definition Definition www.artlex.com

BaroqueBaroque - The art style or - The art style or movement of the Counter-movement of the Counter-Reformation in the seventeenth Reformation in the seventeenth century. Although some features century. Although some features appear in Dutch art, the Baroque appear in Dutch art, the Baroque style was limited mainly to Catholic style was limited mainly to Catholic countries. It is a style in which countries. It is a style in which painters, sculptors, and architects painters, sculptors, and architects sought emotion, movement, and sought emotion, movement, and variety in their works.variety in their works.

Page 3: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Introduction Handout Introduction Handout

Summarize each paragraph Summarize each paragraph PERSIA- write a letter for each PERSIA- write a letter for each

paragraph paragraph This will actually be graded under This will actually be graded under

classwork, because I have good TAs classwork, because I have good TAs now! now!

Page 4: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Key Ideas - CultureKey Ideas - Culture

Counter-Reformation symbolized the Counter-Reformation symbolized the Catholic resurgence finds a voice in Catholic resurgence finds a voice in Baroque art. Baroque art.

Painting comes in different forms: Painting comes in different forms: genre, landscape, still lives. genre, landscape, still lives.

Architecture associated with grand royal Architecture associated with grand royal courts of Europe.courts of Europe.

Begins in Rome, towards end FRANCE Begins in Rome, towards end FRANCE becomes center for art.becomes center for art.

Page 5: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

The Low Down – Art The Low Down – Art

Combined the accuracy of the Combined the accuracy of the Renaissance with the emotions of Renaissance with the emotions of MannerismMannerism

Tenebrism was all the rageTenebrism was all the rage More individualistic styleMore individualistic style Artists see art as liberal vs. manualArtists see art as liberal vs. manual Compositional ElementsCompositional Elements

Open compositionsOpen compositions Diagonal linesDiagonal lines Strong ContrastsStrong Contrasts

Page 6: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

++ ==

Page 7: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Italian Baroque (1590-1680)

Baroque style began in Rome Religion Artist

Caravaggio Tenebrism

Sculptor Bernini

Architect Borromini

Page 8: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Tenebrism Tenebrism www.artlex.comwww.artlex.com

tenebroso tenebroso oror tenebrism tenebrism - - Tenebroso is an Italian word, Tenebroso is an Italian word, literally meaning dark and gloomy. literally meaning dark and gloomy. Both tenebroso and its English Both tenebroso and its English equivalent, tenebrism, refer to a equivalent, tenebrism, refer to a style of painting characterized by style of painting characterized by high contrast between light and high contrast between light and shadeshade -- -- emphasis placed on emphasis placed on chiaroscuro to achieve dark, chiaroscuro to achieve dark, dramatic effects.dramatic effects.

Page 9: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Tenebrism cont. Tenebrism cont. Frequently the main subjects Frequently the main subjects of tenebrist pictures are of tenebrist pictures are illuminated by a single source illuminated by a single source of light, as if a spotlight of light, as if a spotlight shone upon them, leaving shone upon them, leaving other areas in darkness. Such other areas in darkness. Such pictures have been called pictures have been called "night pictures" painted in "night pictures" painted in the "dark manner." The most the "dark manner." The most reknowned tenebrists have reknowned tenebrists have been "Caravaggio"(Italian, been "Caravaggio"(Italian, 1571/73-1610), Georges De 1571/73-1610), Georges De La Tour (French, 1593-1652), La Tour (French, 1593-1652), and Rembrandt van Rijn and Rembrandt van Rijn (Dutch, 1606-1669).(Dutch, 1606-1669).

Page 10: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

CaravaggioCaravaggio

Father of Tenebrism Father of Tenebrism (chiaroscuro) (chiaroscuro)

Befriended the lower-classBefriended the lower-class Hot-headedHot-headed Ran from the law oftenRan from the law often Painted with a new sense of Painted with a new sense of

realism and dynamic forcerealism and dynamic force Painted as if the people were Painted as if the people were

bring observed close up bring observed close up

Page 11: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

EntombmentsEntombments

Renaissance: MannerismRenaissance: Mannerism Baroque: TenebrismBaroque: Tenebrism

Pontormo Caravaggio

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Caravaggio. The Calling of St.

Matthew. 1599-1600. Oil on canvas. 10’7-

1/2” x 11’2”

Page 13: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Calling of Saint Matthew Calling of Saint Matthew videovideo

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/caravaggio-s-calling-of-st-matthew-c-1599-1600

6 min. 6 min. class quiz class quiz

Page 14: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it
Page 15: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

BerniniBernini

Man of many Man of many tradestrades

Architect and Architect and sculptorsculptor

Son of a sculptorSon of a sculptor Served the church Served the church

under 8 popesunder 8 popes

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Bernini. David 1623.

Marble, 5’7”. Roman Galleria

Page 17: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/bernini-david-1623-24

4 minClass Quiz

Page 18: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Donatello, Early

Renaissance

Michelangelo, High

Renaissance

Bernini, Baroque

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Bernini. The Ecstasy of St.

Theresa. 1645-52. Cornaro

Chapel, Rome. Marble.

Page 20: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/bernini-ecstasy-of-st-theresa

7 min7 min Class quiz Class quiz

Page 21: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Beside me, on the left, appeared an angel in bodily form.... He was not tall but short, and very beautiful; and his face was so aflame that he appeared to be one of the highest rank of angels, who seem to be all on fire.... In his hands I saw a great golden spear, and at the iron tip there appeared to be a point of fire. This he plunged into my heart several times so that it penetrated to my entrails. When he pulled it out I felt that he took them with it, and left me utterly consumed by the great love of God. The pain was so severe that it made me utter several moans. The sweetness caused by this intense pain is so extreme that one cannot possibly wish it to cease, nor is one's soul content with anything but God. This is not a physical but a spiritual pain, though the body has some share in it—even a considerable share.

Page 22: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it
Page 23: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

San Carlo San Carlo alle Quattro alle Quattro

Fontane, Fontane, Rome.Rome.

Page 24: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Turn to a partner and Turn to a partner and discuss what you see discuss what you see that looks different from that looks different from previous architecture previous architecture we have covered. we have covered.

Page 25: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/baroque-italy/v/francesco-borromini-baroque-italy/v/francesco-borromini-san-carlo-1638-1646san-carlo-1638-1646

7 min. 7 min.

Page 26: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Flemish, Dutch, Spanish, and

French Baroque

Page 27: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Flemish Baroque (1600-40) Southern Netherlands

Belgium Catholicism - Altarpieces Peter Paul Rubens

Over 2,000 paintings Large female nudes Religion

Van Dyck Portraiture

Page 28: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Peter Paul RubensPeter Paul Rubens

Worked in favor of Worked in favor of the Counter-the Counter-ReformationReformation

Created large-scale Created large-scale figuresfigures

Used Carvaggio’s Used Carvaggio’s tenebrism to tenebrism to enhance his workenhance his work

Page 29: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Peter Paul Rubens. The Raising of the Cross. Belgium. 1610-11.

Oil on canvas. 15’2” x 11’2”

Page 30: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it
Page 31: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/flanders-1/v/rubens-elevationflanders-1/v/rubens-elevation

9 min. 9 min.

Page 32: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

HandoutHandout

annotate annotate summarize each paragraphsummarize each paragraph highlight/ underline highlight/ underline blah blah blah blah blah blah

Page 33: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

What do you think is What do you think is happening in this happening in this painting?painting?

Page 34: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/flanders-1/v/rubens-marieflanders-1/v/rubens-marie

5 min.5 min.

Page 35: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

HandoutHandout

annotate annotate summarize each paragraphsummarize each paragraph highlight/ underline highlight/ underline blah blah blah blah blah blah

Page 36: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Van Dyck. Charles I at the Hunt.

1635.

Page 37: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/flanders-1/v/van-dyck-charles-iflanders-1/v/van-dyck-charles-i

5 min. 5 min.

Page 38: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Reminder quiz on Reminder quiz on chapters 24 & 25 Friday. chapters 24 & 25 Friday.

Open notes (no cell Open notes (no cell phones) phones)

Page 39: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Dutch Baroque (1630-70)

Northern Netherlands Holland

Protestant, few religious works Still lives Genre scenes

Vermeer Portraits

Rembrandt

Page 40: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

RembrandtRembrandt

Married into a family with Married into a family with an art dealer and quickly an art dealer and quickly made connectionsmade connections

The most important The most important painter working in painter working in Amsterdam in the 17Amsterdam in the 17thth century.century.

Loses much of his earnings Loses much of his earnings over the yearsover the years

Begins IMPASTO painting – Begins IMPASTO painting – thickening of the paintthickening of the paint

Page 41: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Rembrandt van Rijn self-portraits

Page 42: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Rembrandt, Self Portrait Rembrandt, Self Portrait with Saskia with Saskia

Page 43: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Handout Handout

annotate annotate summarize each paragraphsummarize each paragraph highlight/ underline highlight/ underline blah blah blah blah blah blah

Page 44: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Video on Etching ProcessVideo on Etching Process

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHxF6puMptsv=JHxF6puMpts

10 min. 10 min.

Page 45: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Rembrandt, Rembrandt, The Jewish The Jewish BrideBride

Page 46: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Interpretation of The Jewish Bride

Completed during his last years. Exemplifies the artist's genius for

expressing human emotion on canvas The painting acquired its current name

during the early 19th century, when a Dutch art dealer described the subject as that of a Jewish father giving a necklace to his daughter on her wedding day.

Today, while the identities of the two people remain obscure, most art historians believe them to be Isaac and his wife Rebecca from the Old Testament.

Page 47: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Whether or not he intended it as a straightforward piece of Biblical art, there is no doubt however, that Rembrandt was depicting an intimate relationship between his two subjects. The man places his hand on the woman's bosom, while she moves instinctively to protect her modesty. Yet both show every sign of tenderness towards each other, so this is hardly a typical seduction scene.

Page 48: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Despite the romance and love, however, this is not an entirely happy picture. Perhaps because Rembrandt himself was experiencing a certain physical strain in his work and life. Isaac has quite modest expectations in his eyes, as if he is uncertain what the future holds, while Rebecca appears thoughtful, almost distracted. In short, this is a masterclass in psychological portraiture, and is yet another reminder why Rembrandt is considered by many to rank among the best portrait artists, and is probably one of the best artists of all time.

Page 49: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Leyster,

Self-Portrait

1635.

Oil on canvas.

Page 50: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Name means “guide star,” but the artist was a star in her hometown.

She was only 19 when her artwork started to be noticed

In Holland, as in the rest of Europe, professional women painters were indeed uncommon. Leyster was one of only two women accepted as a master in Haarlem’s painters’ guild during the entire 17th century.

Page 51: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/holland/v/leyster-selfholland/v/leyster-self

5 min.5 min.

Page 52: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Jan Vermeer. Woman Holding a Balance. C. 1664.

Oil on canvas. 15” x 14”

Page 53: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

On Monday Schultz will be absent, On Monday Schultz will be absent, you will watch Tim’s Vermeer. you will watch Tim’s Vermeer. Which is an awesome movie about Which is an awesome movie about the theory that painters like the theory that painters like Vermeer, Carravagio, and Vermeer, Carravagio, and Rembrandt used optical illusions/ Rembrandt used optical illusions/ mirrors to paint. mirrors to paint.

Page 54: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

More Vermeer…

Page 55: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Rachel Ruysch, Rachel Ruysch, Fruit and Fruit and InsectsInsects

Page 56: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/holland/v/ruysch-flowers-insectsholland/v/ruysch-flowers-insects

4 min. 4 min.

Page 57: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Spanish Baroque (1625-60)

Economic turmoil Spanish Golden Age Velázquez Court Portraiture

Page 58: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Velazquez, Las Meninas. 1656. Oil on canvas. 10’5” x 9’1/2”

Queen MarianaKing Phillip Princess Margret Teresa

Page 59: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/spain/enlightenment/baroque-art1/spain/v/vel-zquez-las-meninas-c-1656v/vel-zquez-las-meninas-c-1656

6 min. 6 min.

Page 60: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it
Page 61: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Angel with Arquebus, Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor DeiAsiel Timor Dei

Page 62: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

HandoutHandout

Do things to each paragraph…Do things to each paragraph…

Page 63: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Screen with the Siege of Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and Hunting Belgrade and Hunting SceneScene

Page 64: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/Colonial-Americas/enlightenment/Colonial-Americas/v/brooklyn-biombov/brooklyn-biombo

7 min. 7 min.

Page 65: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

The Virgin of GuadalupeThe Virgin of GuadalupeHis work is signed by Miguel González, who along with his brother Juan González is considered the foremost painter of enconchados. 

Page 66: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Invented in Mexico, the enconchado technique consisted of placing tiny fragments of mother-of-pearl onto a wooden support or a canvas, and then covering them with a yellowish tint and thin glazes of paint. The technique, which is inspired on Asian decorative arts, imparts a brilliant luminosity to the works due to the iridescence of the shell fragments. 

Page 67: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

This work depicts the famous Virgin of Guadalupe placed atop an eagle perched on a cactus, Mexico City's legendary coat of arms.

This is a significant detail that points to the rapid creation of the cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe in the second half of the seventeenth century, and her increasing association with a local sense of identity.

Page 68: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it
Page 69: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

French Baroque (1670-1715)

Becoming economic and artistic power

Poussin La Tour Versailles

Page 70: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it
Page 71: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

https://www.khanacademy.org/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/monarchy-humanities/monarchy-enlightenment/baroque-art1/enlightenment/baroque-art1/france/v/poussin-et-in-arcadiafrance/v/poussin-et-in-arcadia

3 min.3 min.

Page 72: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Versailles

Handout… do things

Page 73: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Documentary Documentary

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3a72XmInagv=i3a72XmInag

1 hr1 hr Movie notes- write 10 facts Movie notes- write 10 facts

Page 74: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Versailles Facts

Designed by Louis Le-Vau and Jules Hardouin-Mansart 1168-85Under the Royal Academy of Architecture•Math = beauty •Baroque opulence •Patron Louis XIV to show off his luxury and the splendor of France•Includes crystal chandeliers, silver furniture, marble walls, velvet and gold hangings, •498 people were required to bring the king his meals – “not private people”•Visual impact > comfort •240 ft hall of mirrors•Gardens designed by Andre le Notre on math and symmetry•“Symmetry always symmetry”

Page 75: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

VocabularyVocabulary

Baldacchino: a canopy placed over an Baldacchino: a canopy placed over an altar or shrinealtar or shrine

Genre painting: painting in which scenes Genre painting: painting in which scenes of every day life are depicted. of every day life are depicted.

Tenebroso: a dramatic dark and light Tenebroso: a dramatic dark and light contrast in a paintingcontrast in a painting

Vanitas: a theme in still life painting that Vanitas: a theme in still life painting that stresses the brevity of life and the folly stresses the brevity of life and the folly of human vanity.of human vanity.

Page 76: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

SummarySummary

Grand, majestic, colorful European art. Grand, majestic, colorful European art. IllusionIllusion

Floating figuresFloating figures Trompe l’oeilTrompe l’oeil Tenebristic lightingTenebristic lighting

Interaction with the viewerInteraction with the viewer Naturalistic painters with dramatic Naturalistic painters with dramatic

contrastscontrasts

Page 77: Baroque (1600-1700) If it ain’t Baroque, don’t fix it

Short EssayShort Essay The The Counter Reformation Baroque Counter Reformation Baroque style focuses on astonishing and style focuses on astonishing and

overpowering its audience. Art of this time was also enlisted in serving the overpowering its audience. Art of this time was also enlisted in serving the purposes of the church militant. purposes of the church militant.

The The Aristocratic Baroque Aristocratic Baroque style focuses on glorifying the state and asserting style focuses on glorifying the state and asserting national power and prestige. national power and prestige.

The The Bourgeois Baroque Bourgeois Baroque was marked by the concentration on down-to-earth was marked by the concentration on down-to-earth common people of the middle class.common people of the middle class.

Choose and identify a work for one of the types of baroque art above. Identify the work and explain how it exemplifies the style you chose.