Aim: How did Mohandas Gandhi lead a successful and peaceful revolution in India?L62 Do Now: Copy your vocabulary words in your glossary 1. Civil disobedience: is the active refusal to obey

certain laws of a government without resorting to violence.

2. Mohandas Gandhi: was a major political and spiritual leader of India

3. Caste System: strict social class system in Hinduism 4. Apartheid: was a system of legal racial segregation

enforced by the government of South Africa between 1948 and 1994

5. Nelson Mandela: was the first elected President of South Africa

Sort and Discuss Activity

Directions:

• Work with your group to sort the sources at your table into Changes and Methods of Gandhi

• For each piece summarize what information you gained in your own words in the right column

Struggle for Independence

1) India was a British colony since 1700’s2) Amristar Massacre: April 13th, 1919 British

soldiers fired on a group of peaceful, unarmed Indian protestors (379 killed and 1,100 wounded)

3) WWI*Many Indians fought in the British army in support of the Allies*They were promised more self government but after the war this never happened.

Amritsar Massacre, Amritsar Massacre, 19191919

379 dead; over 1200 wounded!379 dead; over 1200 wounded!

Mohandas GandhiFrom a middle class Hindu family He was later called Mahatma or “Great

Soul” Studied law in India at 19, used his

education to fight injustice against Indians in another British colony, South Africa

Gandhi believed in civil disobedience

He wanted an end to British rule as well as changes in India to the Hindu Caste system, he urged equal rights for all Indians

Methods: boycotts, creation and weaving

of only Indian made products, non- violent methods, fasting and starvation

Salt March 1930- Gandhi marched with 75 other non violent

protestors against the British salt tax which was attempting to create a British monopoly on the sale and production of salt

Young GandhiYoung Gandhi

Gandhi as a Lawyer in Gandhi as a Lawyer in Johannesburg, So. AfricaJohannesburg, So. Africa

Salt March, 1930Salt March, 1930

MakingMakingSaltSalt

Gandhi spinning Gandhi spinning clothcloth

Indian weaving was ruined Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of by the competition of British machine-made British machine-made

textiles!textiles!

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Grandaughters, Grandaughters,

19471947

Results

• Gandhi is successful!! • India is divided into two new countries in

1947– India for the Hindus – Pakistan for the Muslims

* Gandhi is assassinated in 1948 because he supported peace between the Hindus and the Muslims

PartitionPartition!!