About Erik Erikson

•Write on the back of your paper•Student of Sigmund Freud•First to recognize a lifespan nature of development•Identified 8 interdependent stages

Trust vs. MistrustInfants: Age 0-1

Positive Outcome:

Develop secureattachment and trustpeople andenvironment

Event: Feeding, sleeping, changing diapers

Negative Outcome:

Develop mistrust topeople and things inenvironment, even tothemselves

Autonomy Vs. Shame and DoubtToddler: Age 1-2

Positive Outcome:They will develop selfconfidence

Event- Toilet training

Negative Outcome:Children may feel

ashamedof his/her behavior anddoubt their abilities.

Initiative vs. GuiltEarly Childhood: Age 2-6

Positive Outcome:Child positively acceptsthat certain things are

notallowed.

Event- IndependenceChildren have

developed motor skills, and become more involved in social interaction

Negative Outcome:Child may feel guilty.

Industry vs. InferioritySchool Age: Age 6-12

Positive Outcome:Develop a sense of self-worth

Event- School; children learn to make things, use tools, and acquire skills to be a worker/provider. Transition from the world of home to peers.

Negative Outcome:Develop a sense ofinferiority

Identity vs. Role ConfusionAdolescence Age: 12-18

Positive Outcome:Strong identity, ready

toplan for the future.

Event- Development of

peer relationships; ask the

question “Who am I?”

Negative Outcome:Unable to make

decisionsand choices

Intimacy vs. IsolationYoung Adulthood: Age 19-40

Positive Outcome:Form close committedrelationships with

others.

Event- Develop andintimate relationship

withanother human being.

Negative Outcome:Fear commitment, feelisolated and unable todepend on anybody.

Generativity vs. StagnationAdulthood Age: 40-65

Positive Outcome:Having children andnurturing, and/or

helpingthe next generation.

Event- Parenting; ability

to look outside oneself and

care for others.

Negative Outcome:Remain self-centered

andexperience stagnation

laterin life.

Integrity vs. DespairLate Adulthood: Age 65-death

Positive Outcome:Accept death with a

senseof integrity

Event- Reflection on life;

One looks back on their life

and one’s role in the bigscheme of things.

Negative Outcome:Despair and fear death