Abdominal Cavity 2 (Slides)

8/8/2019 Abdominal Cavity 2 (Slides)

1/25

Abdominal Cavity (2):Abdominal Cavity (2):

Liver, Pancreas & SpleenLiver, Pancreas & Spleen


2/25

The LiverThe Liver

The largest internal organ & gland in the body

Functions:

bile prod. & secretion

metabolismbld. Filtration

Surfaces:

convex supero-anterior (Diaphragmatic)

flat infero-posterior (Visceral)


3/25

Diaphragmatic SurfaceDiaphragmatic Surface

Supero-anteriorly

Separated from diaphragm:

subphrenic space

Attached to ant. abd. Wall:

falciform ligament

Superiorly:Bare area of the liver

Due to split of falciform peritoneal layers,

Extends posteriorly between coronary peritoneal layers


4/25


5/25


6/25

Visceral SurfaceVisceral Surface

Infero-posteriorly (facing other abdominal viscera)

Contain impressions from other viscera:

gastric imp. (Lf.)

renal imp. (Rt. & Post.)

Colic imp. (Rt. & Ant.):

by Rt. Colic flexure

Covered with peritoneum, except:

1. over the bed of gall bladder2. in porta hepatis (hilum of liver)


7/25

Porta HepatisPorta Hepatis

In the middle of visceral surface

Contains: (Portal Triad)

Portal vein (in)

Hepatic artery (in)

Bile duct (out)


8/25

Lobes ofThe LiverLobes ofThe Liver

Specific partial parts of the organ that separated by fissures or ligaments

Anatomically:

4 lobes;

Rt., Lf., caudate & quadrate

Physiologically (Fxn.):

2 lobes;

Rt. & Lf.

*bld. Supply & bile secretion of caudate & quadrate lobes are passing with

left lobe.


9/25

Quadrate Lobe:

Quadrangular in shape

Between gall bladder &

Ligamentum teres

Caudate Lobe:

(Latin for tail)

Between IVC &

Ligamentun venosum


10/25

Ligaments ofThe LiverLigaments ofThe Liver

Double layers of peritonuem that attach the liver to another organDouble layers of peritonuem that attach the liver to another organ

or to the abdominal wallor to the abdominal wall

Falciform Lig.: (located Ant.)

Attaches liver to ant. abd. Wall

Inf.:

encloses ligamentum teres

Sup.:

splits to coronary & lf. Triangular lig.s

forming the bare area


11/25

Falciform lig. & lig. teresFalciform lig. & lig. teres


12/25

Superior Ligaments (3 lig.)

Right side

coronary lig.:

2 layers that are widely seperated

Extends the bare area

Rt. Triangular ligament:

Termination of the coronary lig.

When the 2 layers meet

Connects liver to ???

Left Side

Lf. Triangular lig.


13/25

Inferior Ligaments (2 lig.)

Ligamentum teres:

(round lig. of the liver)

Reminant of umbilical vein

Umbilicus portal vein (lf. Branch)

Ligamentum Venosum:

Reminant of ductus venosus in

fetus

Lf. branch of Portal vein IVC


14/25


15/25

Liver (Review)Liver (Review)

Surfaces? 2

Areas without peritoneum? 3

Lobes? 4

Ligaments? 6

Ant. (1)

Sup. (3)Inf. (2)

*Porta hepatis is locatedbetween which lobes ant. &post. ?


16/25

Blood Supply to LiverBlood Supply to Liver

*Bld. Comes from 2 sources to the liver

1. Hepatic artery: (oxygenation)

from celiac trunk of abd. Aorta

brings O2 bld.

2. Portal Vein: (filtration)

formed by Splenic & Sup. Mesenteric veins

brings deO2 bld. For filtration

* bld. Mix within the liver & drain throughHepatic Veins:

located post.

open directly into IVC


17/25

Bile DuctsBile Ducts

Bile Secretion:Liver

Bile Storage:

gall bladder

Hepatic (liver) bile ducts:

Rt. & Lf. Hepatic ducts

Common hepatic duct

Gall bladder duct:

Cystic duct

common hepatic duct + cystic duct = common bile duct


18/25

Common Bile DuctCommon Bile Duct

Formed by union of:? +?

Descends down behind ??

Joins the main pancreatic duct

Opens in 2nd partof duodenum

Through:

Ampulla of Vater

Into major duodenal papilla


19/25

Ampulla of Vater & Major duodenalAmpulla of Vater & Major duodenal

papillapapilla

Ampulla of Vater


20/25

Gall BladderGall Bladder

Stores & concentrate bile

Anatomy:

Fundus, body & neck

Cystic duct:

Joins which duct?

To form?

Bld. Supply:

Cystic a. from right hepatic artery


21/25

PancreasPancreas

Both exocrine & endocrine gland

Exocrine:

hydrolytic enzymes duodenum

Endocrine:

Islets of Langerhans (insulin & glucagon)

venous bld. Circulation

* Retroperitoneal except the tail part


22/25

Anatomy of PancreasAnatomy of Pancreas

4 parts

Head:

disc shaped

within the concavity of the duodenum

(in close contact)

Neck:

constructed portionbetween head & body


23/25


24/25

Body:largest part

Tail:

intraperitoneal

in contact with the hilum of the spleen


25/25

spleenspleen

*Intraperitoneal

In the left hypochondriac region

(over 9th, 10th & 11th ribs)

Attaches to stomach by:

gastrosplenic lig.

Attaches to Lf. Kideny by:

splenicorenal lig.

Documents

Abdominal Cavity 2 (Slides)