In the name of AllahIn the name of Allah

Abdominal cavity Peritoneal cavityPeritoneal cavity- Greater sac Greater sac - Lesser sacLesser sac

Peritoneum Peri (Peri (aroundaround)+ teinein (to stretch))+ teinein (to stretch) Largest serous membrane: Largest serous membrane: Forms peritoneal cavity which closed in male.Forms peritoneal cavity which closed in male. Separated from fascia transversalis by Separated from fascia transversalis by

extraperitoneal fat.extraperitoneal fat. Consists of a single layer of flat mesothelial cells Consists of a single layer of flat mesothelial cells

which supported by loose connective tissue.which supported by loose connective tissue. Mesothelial cells may transform into fibroblast Mesothelial cells may transform into fibroblast

after surgery and inflammation.after surgery and inflammation.

Peritoneum ParietalParietal VisceralVisceral The peritoneum which suspends viscera called: - Mesentery (meso-)- Omentum (epiploon)- Peritoneal lig.- Meso- and lig. provide pathways for vessels, nerve and

lymphatics Intraperitoneal

Retroperotoneal

Peritonium

Dorsal mesenteryDorsal mesentery- Dorsal mesogastriumDorsal mesogastrium- Dorsal mesoduodenumDorsal mesoduodenum - Mesentery properMesentery proper

(dorsal mesentery of (dorsal mesentery of jejunum & ileum)jejunum & ileum)

- Dorsal mesocolon Dorsal mesocolon Ventral mesenteryVentral mesentery- Lesser omentumLesser omentum- Falciform ligFalciform lig

PeritoniumPeritonium

Peritoneal folds Peritoneal folds

derived from ventral derived from ventral

mesentery mesentery Falciform lig. Falciform lig.

- Ligamentum teresLigamentum teres Coronary lig.Coronary lig. Triangular ligs.Triangular ligs.

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneal folds Peritoneal folds

derived from ventral derived from ventral

mesentery mesentery Lesser omentumLesser omentum- Hepatogastric Hepatogastric - HepatoduodenalHepatoduodenal

- Free border (right - Free border (right

laterallateral))

peritonium

Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold

derived from dorsalderived from dorsal

mesentery mesentery Dorsal mesogastriumDorsal mesogastrium- Greater omentumGreater omentum- GastrocolicGastrocolic- Gastrosplenic lig.Gastrosplenic lig.- SplenorenalSplenorenal

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold

derived from dorsalderived from dorsal

mesentery mesentery Transverse mesocolonTransverse mesocolonPassing on;Passing on;- 22ndnd part of duodenum part of duodenum- pancreas,pancreas,- Lt. kidney Lt. kidney - to the left colic (splenic) to the left colic (splenic)

flexureflexure- Phrenicocolic ligPhrenicocolic lig

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold

derived from dorsalderived from dorsal

mesenterymesentery Mesentery proper Mesentery proper - From left side of L2 From left side of L2 - To Rt. Sacroiliac jointTo Rt. Sacroiliac joint- Crosses 3rt part of Crosses 3rt part of

duodenum, aorta, IVC, Rt duodenum, aorta, IVC, Rt ureter, Rt. psoas ureter, Rt. psoas

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold

derived from dorsalderived from dorsal

mesenterymesentery Mesentery proper- root 15 cm- intestinal border …?- Depth 20cm

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold

derived from dorsalderived from dorsal

mesentery mesentery mesoappendix mesoappendix

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold

derived from dorsalderived from dorsal

mesentery mesentery Sigmoid mesocolonSigmoid mesocolon- V shapeV shape- Left arm over psoas & Left arm over psoas &

Rt. At the level of S3Rt. At the level of S3

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneum of the lower Peritoneum of the lower anterior abdominal wall anterior abdominal wall

- Raised into five ridgesRaised into five ridges

1- Median umblical fold 1- Median umblical fold (urachus)(urachus)

2,3- Medial umblical folds 2,3- Medial umblical folds (umblical artereis) (umblical artereis)

4,5- Lateral umblical folds 4,5- Lateral umblical folds

(inferior epigastric arteries)(inferior epigastric arteries)

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneum of the lower Peritoneum of the lower anterior abdominal wall anterior abdominal wall

- Forms 3 fossae on each Forms 3 fossae on each side:side:

1- supravesical 1- supravesical

2- medial inguinal 2- medial inguinal

3- lateral inguinal3- lateral inguinal

Direct and indirectDirect and indirect

hernia?hernia?

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneum of the pelvisPeritoneum of the pelvis

peritoniumperitonium

Peritoneum of the Peritoneum of the pelvis:pelvis:

♂ ♂ rectovesical pouchrectovesical pouch ♀ ♀ recto-uterine and recto-uterine and

vesico-uterinevesico-uterine

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Supramesocolic Supramesocolic compartment compartment

- Right subphrenic Right subphrenic - Right subhepatic Right subhepatic

(hepatorenal) (hepatorenal) - Lesser sacLesser sac- Left subphrenicLeft subphrenic- Left subhepaticLeft subhepatic

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Lesser sacLesser sac In front In front

- lesser omentum - lesser omentum

- Stomach- Stomach BehindBehind

- Post. Abdo. Wall- Post. Abdo. Wall

- Pancreas - Pancreas

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

- Lesser sacLesser sac LeftLeft- Spleen Spleen

- Gastrosplenic lig.Gastrosplenic lig.- Splenorenal lig.Splenorenal lig. RightRight- Epiploic foramenEpiploic foramen

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

- Lesser sacLesser sac AboveAbove

- Diaphragm- Diaphragm BelowBelow

- Greater omentum- Greater omentum

- Gastrocolic lig. - Gastrocolic lig.

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Eppiloic ForamenEppiloic Foramen- Post.; I.V.CPost.; I.V.C- Ant.; Ant.;

Lesser omentum Lesser omentum Hepatic art. Hepatic art.

Bile duct Bile duct

Portal vienPortal vien

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Eppiloic ForamenEppiloic Foramen

Superior:Superior:

caudate processcaudate process

Inferior: Inferior:

first part of first part of duodenum duodenum

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

inframesocolic inframesocolic compartment compartment

1-right infracolic 1-right infracolic spacespace

2-left infracolic space2-left infracolic space

3-paracolic gutter3-paracolic gutter

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Duodenal recesses Duodenal recesses - Sup. DuodenalSup. Duodenal- Inf. DuodenalInf. Duodenal- ParaduodenalParaduodenal- Retroduodenal Retroduodenal

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Cecal recesses Cecal recesses - Sup. IleocecalSup. Ileocecal- Inf. IleocecalInf. Ileocecal- RetrocecalRetrocecal

Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity

Intersigmoid recessIntersigmoid recess

Retroperitoneal spaces ?

PeritoniumPeritoniumfunctions functions

Facilitates movement of viscera to glide easily on one anotherFacilitates movement of viscera to glide easily on one another Concerned with secretion and absorption (Concerned with secretion and absorption (peritoneal dialysisperitoneal dialysis) ) Localizes infectionLocalizes infection Plays an important role in suspending the various organsPlays an important role in suspending the various organs Serves as a means of conveying blood and lymph vessels and Serves as a means of conveying blood and lymph vessels and

nerves nerves Stores large amounts of fatStores large amounts of fat Promotes healingPromotes healing Promotes healing and even regeneration of nervous systemPromotes healing and even regeneration of nervous system AngiogenesisAngiogenesis

In the name of AllahIn the name of Allah

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development

Bilaminar germ discBilaminar germ disc- EpiblastEpiblast- Hypoblast Hypoblast

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development

Trilaminar germ discTrilaminar germ disc- EctodermEctoderm- Mesoderm Mesoderm - Endoderm Endoderm

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development

Mesoderm Mesoderm - ParaxialParaxial- IntermediatIntermediat- lateral platelateral plate

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development

lateral platelateral plate- Somatic or ParietalSomatic or Parietal- Splanchnic or visceral Splanchnic or visceral

mesodermmesoderm

Peritoneum developmentPeritoneum development

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopmentdevelopment

Dorsal mesenteryDorsal mesentery- Dorsal Dorsal

mesogastreummesogastreum- Dorsal Dorsal

mesoduodenum mesoduodenum - Mesentery properMesentery proper

(dorsal mesentery of(dorsal mesentery of

jejunum & ileum)jejunum & ileum)- Dorsal mesocolonDorsal mesocolon

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopmentdevelopment

Ventral mesenteryVentral mesentery- Derived from Derived from

septum septum transversumtransversum

- Divided into Divided into • Lesser omentumLesser omentum• Falciform ligFalciform lig

PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopmentdevelopment

Peritoneum developmentPeritoneum development

Peritoneum developmentPeritoneum development

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