6 Kingdoms of Life

What is life?

How are all living things organized?

Engage Essential Question Explain

List reasons why the man is a living thing.

How are all living things organized?

What makes a fish a fish?

Why is a sunflower a sunflower?

Why is a mushroom a fungus and not a plant?

List reasons why the car is not a living thing.

What makes bacteria different from other organism?

Why are viruses not in any Kingdom?

Do not answer yet, just copy into left side.

Engage

List reasons to support why this man is living.

List reasons to support why this car is not living.

Characteristics of Lifemust meet ALL to be living1. Made up of 1 or more cells 2. Metabolism 3. Excretion / Homeostasis4. Movement 5. Contains Genetic material6. Reproduction 7. Growth and Development8. Response to Environment / Adapt 9. Evolve

Did you include all these in your engage answer about the man?

organism #1 organism #2 organism #3organism

#4organism #5 organism #6

Kingdom Archeabacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungus Plantae Animalia

Phylum Crenarchaeota Chlamydiae Sarcodina Basidiomycota Anthophyta Chordata

Class Thermoprotei Chlamydiae Tubulinea Agaricomycetes Dicotyledones Mammalia

Order Acidilobales Chlamydiales Tubulinida Agaricales Fagales Carnivora

Family Caldisphaeraceae Chlamydiaceae AmoebidaeAmanitaceae

Fagaceae Canidae

Genus Caldisphaera Chlamydia Chaos Amanita Quercus Canis

Species dracosis trachomatis chaos muscaria rubra familiaris

Scientists use characteristics specific for each Kingdom to organize organisms.

Using this organization, you should be able to make some generalizations based on what you know about taxonomic levels. In particular, the more levels of classification that two or more organisms share, the more similar they will be.

How do scientists organize living things?

Domain Eubacteria Archaebacteria

Eukarya

Kingdom

Type of cell

Multi or Unicellular

Cell wall type

Cell structures

Mode of nutrition

Genetic material

Type of environment

Copy this table. Use slides to fill in information.

Archaea and Eubacteria Archaea and Eubacteria unicellular unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus)prokaryotes (no nucleus)no membrane-bound organellesno membrane-bound organelles

EukaryaEukaryamore complex more complex most are multicellular, some unicellularmost are multicellular, some unicellulareukaryotes (have nucleus) eukaryotes (have nucleus) membrane-bound organellesmembrane-bound organelles

3 Domains – 3 Domains – copy this not in tablecopy this not in table

live in extremely harsh environments and live in extremely harsh environments and may represent the first cells to have evolvedmay represent the first cells to have evolved

Sewage Sewage treatment treatment plants, plants, thermal thermal

vents, etc.vents, etc.

extreme extreme environments environments

HOT, HOT,

Acidic,Acidic,

Salty,Salty,

AnaerobicAnaerobic

ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria

Unicellularno nucleus1 circular chromosome

Make own food using H2, S or CO2

Use the following slide to fill in table.

Eubacteriasome cause human diseasessome cause human diseasespresent in almost present in almost all habitatsall habitats on earthon earth

Live in Live in the the

intestinintestines of es of animalsanimals

UnicellularUnicellularNo nucleusNo nucleusCell wall made Cell wall made up of up of peptidoglycanpeptidoglycan

1 Circular chromosome, no nucleus

Many bacteria are important environmentally and Many bacteria are important environmentally and commercially.commercially.

Some are autotrophic but most are heterotrophs Some are autotrophic but most are heterotrophs

Protista Have DNA inside Have DNA inside nucleusnucleus

All live in marine All live in marine or freshwateror freshwater

Most are unicellularMost are unicellular Few are Few are multicellularmulticellular

Some are Some are autotrophicautotrophic, others , others are are heterotrophicheterotrophic

3 groups3 groups Animal-likeAnimal-like Plant-likePlant-like Fungus-likeFungus-like

Plant like protists (autotrophic, cellulose cell walls)

Animal like protists (heterotrophic)

Fungus like protists (absorbtive heterotrophs)

Fungus DNA inside nucleusDNA inside nucleus Multicellular, except yeastMulticellular, except yeast Absorptive heterotrophs Absorptive heterotrophs

(digest food outside their (digest food outside their body & then absorb it)body & then absorb it)

Cell walls made of chitinCell walls made of chitin Found in marine, Found in marine,

freshwater and terrestrial freshwater and terrestrial environmentsenvironments

Plantae DNA inside nucleusDNA inside nucleus All MulticellularAll Multicellular All AutotrophicAll Autotrophic use use sunlight sunlight to make to make glucose – glucose – PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

Cell walls made of Cell walls made of cellulosecellulose

Animalia DNA inside nucleusDNA inside nucleus MulticellularMulticellular No cell wallsNo cell walls Ingestive Ingestive

heterotrophs heterotrophs (consume food & (consume food & digest it inside their digest it inside their bodies)bodies)

Feed on plants or Feed on plants or animalsanimals

Viruses- copy this not in table Viruses are much smaller than

bacteria. They are not an ancient life form. Viruses are virulent. They cause diseases like the flu

or chicken pox. Most biologists agree that

viruses are not alive. Viruses do not move, grow, or

carry out respiration. Viruses need living host cells to

reproduce.

Make a Dichotomous Key for Kingdoms1a. Nucleus absent…go to 2

1b. Nucleus present…go to

2a. Lives in extreme environment…Archeabacteria

2b. Lives throughout earth…..Eubacteria

3a.

3b.

.

.

.

Organize the organisms in the pictures

Use general characteristics in your notes

Matching Game

All living things share characteristics.

Match the squares to show your understanding of living things.

Taking in food Using energy (ATP) to grow, develop and repair cells

Prokaryote Photosynthesis

Organism that uses sunlight or inorganic molecules to make own food

Metabolic process for making glucose

Metabolism Digestion

Cell with DNA but no nucleus or any membrane bound organelle

Action, movement or change in behavior caused by stimulus that help organism survive

Response / Adapt

Ingestion

Process by which food is broken down into simpler substances

Process of getting rid of waste materials

Excretion Autotroph

Smallest unit of all living things

Process by which group of organisms change through time based on their adaptations

Eukaryote Grow and Develop

Cell with DNA inside nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

Genetic material with organisms trait information

Multicellular Unicellular

Ability to move around environment or transport substances inside body

To increase in size and complexity

Evolve Cells

Made up of 1 cell Made up of many cells

DNA/RNA Movement

Organisms that digest food outside their bodies then absorb (ingest) molecules -fungi

The science of classification of living things.

Heterotroph Respiration

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

A series of two characteristics given to identify organisms.

ribosome Virus

A small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms

Metabolic process of using oxygen and glucose to make ATP

Taxonomy Taxonomic levels

Organism that ingests organic molecules as food

Non membrane bound organelle used to make proteins

Absorbtive heterotroph

Dichotomous Key

Domain Eubacteria Archaebacteria

Eukarya

Kingdom Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Type of cell Prokaryotic Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic

Multi or Unicellular

Uni uni Some Uni

Some Multi

Multi

Few uni

Multi multi

Cell wall type peptidoglycan No peptidoglycan

cellulose chitin cellulose none

Cell structures

capsule

Ribosomes

Pili

Flagella

No nucleus

capsule

Ribosomes

Pili

Flagella

No nucleus

Chloroplast

Cilia

Flagella

ribosomes

Nucleus

Membrane bound organelles

Hyphae

mycellium

Septum

ribosomes

Many nuclei

Membrane bound organelles

Chloroplast

mitochondria

Large vacuole

ribosomes

membrane bound organelles

ribosomes

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Membrane bound organelles

centrioles

Mode of nutrition

Autotroph or heterotroph

Autotroph (H2,

S, CO2) Autotroph or heterotroph

absorbtive heterotroph

(digest externally)

Autotroph Heterotroph

(digest internally)

Genetic material

Circular DNA

1 chromosome

Circular DNA

1 chromosome

Linear DNA

Many chromosomes

Linear DNA

Many chromosomes

Linear DNA

Many chromosomes

Linear DNA

Many chromosomes

Type of environment

Through out earth, on and inside other living organisms

extremely

Salty, Hot, Acid, Anaerobic

Marine

freshwater

Marine

Freshwater

Terrestrial

Freshwater

Terrestrial

Marine

Freshwater

Terrestrial