OLDHAM COUPLING

GROUP 4OLDHAM COUPLINGTOGGLE MECHANISMPARALLEL MECHANISM

OLDHAM COUPLING

OLDHAM COUPLINGHistoryDefinitionAdvantageDisadvantageApplication

CouplingAcouplingis a device used to connect two shafts together at their ends for the purpose of transmitting power.

OLDHAM COUPLING HISTORYJohn Oldham an Irish engineer best known for the discovery of oldham coupling to solve his paddle placement problem in a paddle steamer design.5Uses of CouplingsTo provide for the connection of shafts of units that are manufactured separately such as a motor and generator and to provide for disconnection for repairs or alterations.

To provide for misalignment of the shafts or to introduce mechanical flexibility.To reduce the transmission of shock loads from one shaft to another.

To introduce protection against overloads.

To alter the vibration characteristics of rotating units.

To connect driving and the driven part

Some other types of couplingsSleeve couplingClamp or split-muff couplingBeam CouplingDiaphragm CouplingDisc CouplingFluid Coupling

Oldham CouplingAnOldham couplinghas three discs, one coupled to the input, one coupled to the output, and a middle disc that is joined to the first two bytongue and groove. The tongue and groove on one side is perpendicular to the tongue and groove on the other. The middle disc rotates around its center at the same speed as the input and output shafts. Oftenspringsare used to reducebacklashof the mechanism.

Example of an Oldham Coupling

AdvantagesServes as mechanical fuse.Accommodates large radial misalignment in a short length.Economically priced compared to other couplings with similar performance characteristics.Low moment of inertia.Electrical insulation.

Radial Misalignment

If the misalignment shaft centerlines are parallel but not coincide.

DisadvantagesSlightly non-homokinetic transmission (that is, the driven and driving shafts dont move at exactly same speed throughout one rotation) when angular misalignment is significant.Axial reactive loads exerted on support bearings when torque approaches maximum.Accommodates only a small angular misalignment.Angular misalignmentIf the misalignment shafts meets at a point but are not parallel.

ApplicationsPrinting MachinesPumps and ValvesGearboxesConveyor systemsPropellerLifting MachinesTurbine Compressor

TOGGLE MECHANISM

18Toggle MechanismAre used to obtain large force amplification suchapplicationsas sheet metal punching and forming machines

Are used, where large resistances are to be overcome through short distances.

Combination of solid, usually metalliclinks(bars), connected by pin (hinge) joints that are so arranged that a small force applied at one point can create a much larger force at another point.

For a mechanism, when one of its links is in a limit position, we said that it is at thelimit position of a mechanism. For a four-bar mechanism, if its limit positions are occurred when the active link is aligned with the connecting rod, this mechanism is at thetoggle position. At such situation, the mechanism is called atoggle mechanism

Contributors of Toggle MechanismGeorg Johann Luger an Italian who collaborated to Ferdinand von Mannlicher on rifle design and later on they created Parabellum pistol.

Contributors of Toggle MechanismMatthaus Hipp- a clockmaker in Switzerland who creates the Hipp Clock.

Single and Double Action Toggle

Consequently its use is normally restricted to machines where only a single stroke is required to complete the operation.Single ActionSingle and Double Action ToggleDouble ActionTwo strokes are required to complete the operation.

Toggle Action PrincipleHow Toggle Action Work

Toggle action has an over-center lock point which is a fixed stop and linkage. Once in the over-center position, the clamp cannot move or unlock unless the linkage is moved.

FormulaApplications

Parabellum Pistol

Hipp Toggle Clock

Hipp Toggle Clock

Hipp Toggle Clock

ApplicationsPunch Press

Punch Press

RockerCouplerCrankSlider35referenceshttp://wikipedia.comYan, H. S., 1999, Mechanisms (Chinese), 2nd edition, Tong Hua Books, Taipei, pp. 169-170. IFToMM Standardization of Terminology, 2003, Mechanism and Machine Theory, Vol. 38, No. 7-10, Chapter 1.3.15 and 1.3.16, p. 774.http://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=toggle+mechanism&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=GWQ127A7bCTxoM&tbnid=GTAGqH9wxP2lFM:&ved=0CAMQjhw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muratec.net%2Fsm%2Fproducts%2Ftp%2Fm2548.html&ei=Mk_yUZ_8JuWviQfz_ICwBQ&bvm=bv.49784469,d.aGc&psig=AFQjCNEP9bZMftzwkuLHYQVZXXFbmrahIw&ust=1374920583788827Google Images.Wilson, C. E., Sadler J. P., 1993, Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery, 2nd Edition.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luger_pistolParallel MECHANISM

Parallelogram linkage

Parallel crank four bar linkage

CHARACTERISTICSThe cranks are equal in length.The cranks are parallel to each other.The distance of the fixed link to each other is equal in length of the coupler.. The coupler is also parallel to the frame at all time.

CHARACTERISTICSThe input is a rotating motion.Have a predictable and repeatable relative motion.It usually form a parallelogram

APPLICATIONPantograph (DRAFTING)

PANTOGRAPH (RAIL)

3d pantograph

Milling machine

Container boxes

LIFTS

Gates/barriers

OTHER USES

THANK YOU.QUIZGroup 4NUMBER 1SET A

It is used to obtain large force amplification such as sheet metal punching and forming machinesSET B

The Oldham Coupling was named for his honor (full name)

NUMBER 2SET A

An Italian who collaborated to Ferdinand Von Mannlicher on rifle design and created the Parabellum Pistol.SET B

What year did Oldham Coupling was invented?

NUMBER 3SET A

Is used where large resistances are to be overcome through short distances.SET B

It is clearance or lost motion in a mechanism caused by gaps between the parts.

NUMBER 4SET A

A clock maker in Switzerland who created the Hipp Toggle Clock SET B

It is a device used to connect two shafts together at their ends for the purpose of transmitting power.

NUMBER 5SET A

It is used normally where only a single stroke is required to complete the operation. SET B

The tongue and groove on one side of the Oldham Coupling is _______ to the tongue and groove on the other sideNUMBER 6SET A

In the principle of how toggle action work, what do you call a fixed stop from linkage on the toggle action?SET B

Physicist and astronomer, who construct the first pantograph in 1603. He used the device to duplicate or enlarge diagrams.NUMBER 7 SET A

It is used where two strokes are required to complete the operation.

SET B

A Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer who improves the Newcomen steam engine NUMBER 8 SET A

What year did Oldham Coupling was invented?

SET B

Mechanical linkage connected in a special manner based on parallelogram so that they move in a fixed to each other.

NUMBER 9 SET A

It is a device used to connect two shafts together at their ends for the purpose of transmitting power.

SET B

In the principle of how toggle action work, what do you call a fixed stop from linkage on the toggle action?NUMBER 10 SET A

The Oldham Coupling was named for his honor (full name)

SET B

It is used to obtain large force amplification such as sheet metal punching and forming machinesNUMBER 11SET A

It is clearance or lost motion in a mechanism caused by gaps between the parts.

SET B

Is used where large resistances are to be overcome through short distances. NUMBER 12 SET A

The tongue and groove on one side of the Oldham Coupling is ______ to the tongue and groove on the other sideSET B

It is used normally where only a single stroke is required to complete the operation.

NUMBER 13 SET A

A Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer who improves the Newcomen steam engine

SET B

Italian who collaborated to Ferdinand Von Mannlicher on rifle design and created the Parabellum Pistol. NUMBER 14 SET A

Physicist and astronomer, who construct the first pantograph in 1603. He used the device to duplicate or enlarge diagramsSET B

It is used where two strokes are required to complete the operation.

NUMBER 15 SET A

Mechanical linkage connected in a special manner based on parallelogram so that they move in a fixed to each other.SET B

A clock maker in Switzerland who created the Hipp Toggle Clock FOR NUMBERS 16-25 WRITE TRUE OR FALSENUMBER 16Radial misalignment is the effective angle between the two shaft centerlines.

NUMBER 17Parallel linkage is commonly called 4 bar linkage.NUMBER 18Radial misalignment is the distance between to shaft axis.

NUMBER 19Joseph Oldham invented the Oldham Coupling in year 1921.

NUMBER 20The cranks of four bar linkage are intersecting to each other. 4. Continuous in motion is one of the characteristics of parallel four bar linkageNUMBER 21The cranks of four bar linkage are parallel to each other.NUMBER 22The coupler is also parallel to the frame at all timeNUMBER 23Continuous in motion is one of the characteristics of parallel four bar linkage. NUMBER 24One of the advantages of the Oldham Coupling is that it can serve as a mechanical fuse.

NUMBER 25Radial misalignment is the distance between to shaft axis.

ANSWERS:SET A1. Toggle Mechanism2. Georg Johan Luger 3. Toggle Mechanism 4. Mathaus Hipp 5. Single Action Toggle 6. Over-center lock point 7. Double Action Toggle8. 18219 Coupling10 John Oldham11 Backlash12 Perpendicular13 James Watt14 Cristoph Scheiner 15 PantographANSWERS:SET B1. John Oldham2.18213.Backlash4.Coupling5.Perpendicular6. Cristoph Scheiner 7 James Watt 8 Pantograph9. Over-center lock point 10 Toggle Mechanism 11 Toggle Mechanism 12 Single Action Toggle13 Georg Johan Luger 14 Double Action Toggle15 Mathaus Hipp ANSWERS:TRUE OR FALSE16.false17.true18.true19.false20.false21.true22.true23.true24.true25.true