©2019 Eaton. All rights reserved.....The electrification of our economy also called sector coupling is the most efficient way to decarbonize Europe but this increases power demand

1© 2019 Eaton. All rights reserved..

© 2019 Eaton. All rights reserved..


Eaton Data Centre World 2020Richard Molloy : Business Development Manager – Battery Energy Storage


The Data Domain

The IT Network

Data is transmitted &

received.

Data is processed

Data is switched

Data is stored

Optimized when

designed as a system

The Electrical Domain

The Electrical Network

Energy is transmitted &

received.

Energy is processed

Energy is switched

Energy is stored

Optimized when

designed as a system

Physical Connectivity

Domain

Intelligent Connectivity

Measure

Monitor

Report

Automate

The ultimate goal is

self-optimization across

both the IT and

Electrical Domain using

machine learning and

Artificial Intelligence


Being ready for the ‘energy transition’ means transforming your power network to be ‘energy aware’.

This means the electrical infrastructure has the intelligent, imbedded technology that allows it to

have a bi directional relationship with the grid. The stored energy, the energy management software

and controls system pre designed to allow effortless management of essential grid services such a

demand response, frequency containment and fast frequency response.

…to be energy aware…

© 2019 Eaton. All rights reserved.. 6

People and devices are more connected

than ever and trend continues

• Data centres use 2 – 3% of world electricity today

• ICT forecasted to contribute up to 20% of global demand by 2030

• New, better and sustainable means to support the increasing

demand needed


Transition of energy system

• Transition towards low-carbon energy system driven by societies

• Based on renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar and wind

• Same time demand is increasing in developing areas

• This is creating challenges for a power grid:

• How to manage variations in renewable energy sources?

• How to manage disturbances and maintain grid reliability?

• How to manage congestion (bottlenecks) in the system?


The electrification of our economies

The electrification of our economy also called sector coupling is the most efficient way to decarbonize

Europe but this increases power demand and risk of grid congestion.

Transport Buildings Industry

Power Demand increase by 65%

over 2018-50

BloombergNEF Sector coupling study


Traditional grid system Digitalization & Renewable reshaping the grid

The Energy Transition


System inertia is reducing

• Inertia is the spinning mass coupled to system voltage and frequency

• Stabilizes system frequency by releasing and absorbing energy

• Reduced with non-synchronous generation and modern motor loads:

• Faster and higher frequency variations

• More challenging to contain frequency

• Traditional frequency regulation not fast enough – need for faster

reserves such battery energy storage and dispatchable loads


Recent developments in

power electronics have

transformed a UPS from

uni- to bidirectional and

enabling more flexible

ways to manage energy


UPS technology – power management

Seamless control of grid

demand and bidirectional

operation enables load

independent response

and allows to utilize full

hardware capacity for

energy management


Number and depth of

discharges are key

factors to battery life.

These heavily depend

on specific application

and local conditions and

must be understood to

be able to select correct

type of battery.

NOTE: There’s “50 shades of lithium”,

they are not all the same…Annual battery usage in frequency regulation with different activation frequency (regulation band);

based on Irish national grid frequency data from 2016


UPS-as-a-Reserve – safe, flexible and versatile

• SoC limit by a UPS – always

enough back-up for critical load

• Power share with mains – no leap

of faith and fault tolerant

• Potential free contact or

dedicated communication port

• Load protection always prioritized

– follows a request if safe for load

Safe

ty

• Static or dynamic response

• Autonomous regulation or follows

external power reference

• Load independent response

• Single or parallel UPS, part of or

whole system

• Aggregation platforms and virtual

power plants for added flexibility

Fle

xib

ility

• Energy cost optimization and

demand response (time-of-use

and peak shaving)

• Local energy management (PV,

EV, investment deferral)

• Ancillary services (frequency

regulation, dispatchable load)

• Micro-grid, generator support

Vers

atilit

y


Becoming Energy Aware

The present:

• Storing and using energy when giving

highest value, or to provide services,

turns energy into an asset

• “Everything as a grid”, seeing the big picture

The past:

• Energy has been treated as a commodity

and as a waste after first consumption

• Sectors were viewed in isolation


Commonalities between

battery energy storage

system and data centre

power infrastructure are

opening new opportunities

and business models

CRITICAL

LOADS

TRANSFORMER

SWITCHGEAR

AC / DC

BATTERY

GRID

DC / AC

~50 % of cost (1

TRANSFORMER

SWITCHGEAR

AC / DC

BATTERY

GRID

1) H. Rubel, C. Pieper, Z. Jan and Y. Sunak, “How batteries and

solar power are disrupting electricity markets,” BCG, Boston, 2017.

COMMONALITIES

BETWEEN BESS

AND DATA CENTRE

POWER SYSTEMS

EMEA region:

≈ 1200 MW

≈ 200 MWh


A much needed source of flexibility…

Data centers can help mitigate the problems exacerbated by sector coupling:

1. DEMANDE RESPONSE - deliver flexibility directly to the power system through balancing and

ancillary service markets, where they have access

2. FREQUENCY REGULATION - deliver flexibility, providing upward and downward regulation by

participating in frequency response with uninterruptible power supply sources


EnergyAware – pilots and commercial applications

UK

• Major DC : Grid Services

Ireland:

• Eaton HQ: 150 kW UPS, lead acid

• DS3 market ~70 – 100 k€/MW/a

Sweden:

• Bahnhof: 750 kW UPS, lead acid

• NDA: 1,2 MW system, Li-ion

• FCR-D market ~50k€/MW/a

• FCR-D pilot with Svenska Kraftnät

Finland:

• Aurora DC: 400kW system, Li-ion

• FCR-N market ~135 k€/MW/a

• FCR-D market ~40 k€/MW/a

Norway:

• Basefarm DC: 2 x 400 kW and

550 kW UPS, lead acid

• FFR pilot with Statnett (TSO)

France

• Webaxys – integrated renewables

and storage

FFR market opening to Nordic on 2020


Benefits of EnergyAware UPS & Storage

Green credentials

Support grids to adapt more renewable power and

replaces reserves based on fossil fuels

Revenue and savings

Energy cost optimization and new revenue streams

from necessary investments

Improved competitiveness

Investing upfront can generate additional revenues

while enabling faster deployment for new customers


• Future grid needs fast, flexible and cost efficient reserves

• Common efforts are needed to achieve sustainable,

reliable and affordable energy

• Grid-responsive and energy aware buildings can help to:

• Support higher penetration of renewable energy

• Replace reserves based on fossil fuels

• Smarter use of assets and new earning models

• Can be flexible and secure – it’s the details that matter


Eaton.com/WhatMatters

Documents

©2019 Eaton. All rights reserved.....The electrification of our economy also called sector coupling is the most efficient way to decarbonize Europe but this increases power demand