2-port vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1arinst.ru/files/2114-ARINST-VNA-PR1/User-manual-ARINST... · 2021. 3. 19. · 2-port vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1 4 1. PURPOSE

2-port vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1

2

CONTENT

1. PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................. 4

2. SAFETY RULES FOR WORKING WITH THE DEVICE ........................................................................... 4

2.1. General safety requirements .............................................................................................................. 4

2.2. Additional safety requirements ........................................................................................................... 4

3. SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................... 5

4. COMPLETENESS ..................................................................................................................................... 6

5. STRUCTURE OF THE DEVICE................................................................................................................ 6

6. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE DEVICE .............................................................................. 7

7. START ON ................................................................................................................................................ 9

8. SCREEN INTERFACE .............................................................................................................................. 9

9. DEVICE MENU........................................................................................................................................ 11

9.1. Main menu ........................................................................................................................................ 11

9.2. Setting the frequency range parameters .......................................................................................... 11

9.3. Setting parameters for measuring distance to fault ......................................................................... 13

9.4. Device calibration menu ................................................................................................................... 15

9.5. Information about the device ............................................................................................................ 17

9.6. Compensation electrical length of the cable .................................................................................... 17

9.7. Shift of the amplitude scale on plots Lin. Amp and Log. Amp .......................................................... 19

9.8. Adjusting the output power of the probe signal generator ............................................................... 20

9.9. Displaying the SWR limit line ........................................................................................................... 20

9.10. Configuring plot parameters ........................................................................................................... 20

9.12. User settings menu ........................................................................................................................ 25

9.13. Saving measurement results .......................................................................................................... 26

10. CHARTS AND PLOTS .......................................................................................................................... 29

10.1. Smith chart ..................................................................................................................................... 29

10.2. Polar chart ...................................................................................................................................... 29

10.3. Phase plot....................................................................................................................................... 30

10.4. Plot of the magnitude (modulus) of the reflection coefficient on a linear scale .............................. 31

10.5. Plot of the magnitude (modulus) of the reflection coefficient on a logarithmic scale ..................... 31

10.6. VSWR plot ...................................................................................................................................... 32

10.7. Measuring the distance to fault ...................................................................................................... 32

10.8. Cable loss plot ................................................................................................................................ 33

10.9. Group delay plot ............................................................................................................................. 34

11. CARE AND MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................................. 36

11.1. General care of the device ............................................................................................................. 36

11.2. Battery charging ............................................................................................................................. 36

11.3. Battery replacement ....................................................................................................................... 36

11.4. Keeping .......................................................................................................................................... 38

11.6. Limit state criterion ......................................................................................................................... 38

11.7. Utilization ........................................................................................................................................ 38

12. POSSIBLE MALFUNCTIONS AND METHODS OF THEIR ELIMINATION ......................................... 39


3

13. RETURN THE DEVICE TO FACTORY SETTINGS ............................................................................. 40

14. WARRANTY .......................................................................................................................................... 41

APPLICATION A. ARINST VNA-PR1 vector network analyzer software update ....................................... 42


4

1. PURPOSE

1.1. Portable 2-port vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1 (analyzer, device) is designed to

measure the elements of the scattering matrix (complex reflection and transmission coefficients) of four-

port networks. The device measures parameters S11 and S21, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), im-

pedance, admittance, phase, group delay (GD), distance to cable fault.

1.2. The analyzer is designed for setting and matching the characteristics of passive and active radio

devices1 (antennas, cables, filters, attenuators, amplifiers), checking the integrity of high-frequency ca-

bles, measuring their parameters, and other amateur radio measurements.

1.3. The device is intended for amateur radio applications, as it is not a professional measuring instru-

ment. The built-in battery allows you to make measurements in the laboratory and in the practical condi-

tions.

2. SAFETY RULES FOR WORKING WITH THE DEVICE

2.1. General safety requirements 2.1.1. Persons who have read this «Manual» and have been instructed in the rules of safe work with

electrical appliances are allowed to work with the device. 2.1.2. The risk of injury is possible when the charger is connected or disconnected from the electrical

network. Use serviceable power outlets and chargers. 2.1.3. To avoid damage to the wires and connectors of the device, do not hang anything on the wires,

paint over and glue the wires and connectors, disconnect the wires by pulling the cord.

2.1.4. Persons using the device are strictly prohibited: pass the device to strangers, disassemble and

carry out any repairs not agreed with the manufacturer, use a device with a damaged case.

2.1.5. If you find a fault, stop operation immediately and turn off the device. 2.1.6. If you need to leave your workplace, turn off the device and other devices. Do not leave the

working device unattended! 2.1.7. Do not use the device in hospitals. The use of the device near medical equipment is allowed on-

ly with the consent of the medical staff.

2.2. Additional safety requirements 2.2.1. Use the device only for its intended purpose. Read the purpose, device, and technical character-

istics of the device. 2.2.2. Avoid working in open spaces during snow or rain. High humidity and all types of liquid, getting

inside the device, can damage it. 2.2.3. Do not expose the device to very low or very high temperatures, exposure to extreme tempera-

tures can damage the built-in battery. 2.2.4. Do not use the device in areas with a corrosive or explosive environment. Aggressive vapors

can destroy the insulation, which can cause the device to fail. 2.2.5. Do not apply excessive force to the device's connectors, controls, or screen. Avoid bumps and

falls on the device. If the device falls, it may be damaged. 2.2.6. Do not disassemble or modify the device without the consent of the manufacturer or without the

instructions described in this manual. Incorrect self-intervention in the device will result in loss of warran-

ty.

2.2.7. Use chargers, cords, adapters, and other accessories recommended by the manufacturer.

2.2.8. When connecting other tools to the device, carefully read their purpose, technical characteris-

tics. Do not connect incompatible devices.

2.2.9. Maintenance and repair of the device must only be performed by the manufacturer or an author-

ized service center.

1 The devices must allow the possibility of applying a stimulating signal from the analyzer to the test port. The analyz-

er manufacturer is not responsible for the failure of devices that do not allow the supply of a stimulating signal to the test port.


5

3. SPECIFICATIONS

3.1. The technical characteristics of the device are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Parameter Value

Operating frequency range 1-6200 MHz

Frequency resolution for range 1-100 MHz 100 Hz

for range 100-6200 MHz 10 kHz

Maximum number of scan points 1000

Scanning rate 1000 points / s

Dynamic range S21 (BW = 250 Hz)

for range 1-1,5 MHz > 60 dB, 70 dB (typ.)

for range 1,5-4500 MHz > 80 dB, 90 dB (typ.)

for range -6200 MHz > 70 dB, 75 dB (typ.)

The direction of the bridge, uncorrected throughout the range, not less

12 dB

Directivity effective2 (after full one-port calibration), not less 55 dB

Input standing wave ratio, not more 2

Phase measurement error2, not more 0,7°

Magnitude measurement error2, not more 0,25 dB

Resolution for determining the distance to fault3 (C × VF)/2S m

Maximum length of the measured cable4, when VF=1 3000 m

Compensation electrical length of the cable, when VF=1 ±3 m

Maximum DC Input Voltage 25 V

Maximum input power supplied to the ports +10 dBm

Maximum power of the probing signal 5, not more -5 dBm

Displayed charts

■ Smith chart; ■ polar chart; ■ phase of the reflection coefficient S11 and trans-

mission coefficient S21; ■ magnitude of S11 and S21 ; ■ logarithmic magnitude of

S11 and S21; ■ SWR; ■ distance to fault; ■ cable loss; ■ group delay

Number of user settings to save 32

Number of traces to save 32

Operating temperature range 0 … +40°C

Screen diagonal 4”

Screen type touch resistive

Screen resolution 800×480

Test port connectors type SMA (female)

Maximum current consumption, no more

when charging the battery ≤ 2 A6

when working on battery power ~ 1 A

when working from USB with battery charging7 ≤ 2 A

6

Battery capacity 5000 mAh

Time of continuous battery life8 2,5 h

Battery charge time6 ~ 3,5 h

Overall dimensions (L × W × H) 150×81×27 mm

Weight 0,4 kg

2 The measurement is performed after warming up the device for at least five minutes with a full calibration. The

change in ambient temperature from the moment of calibration to measurements should not exceed ± 3 ° С. 3 Where C is the speed of light m/s; VF – velocity factor (the ratio of the speed of propagation of electromagnetic

waves in the cable to the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum), takes a value from 0.1 to 1 (depending on cable); S - scanning frequency range (Hz). 4 Depends on the amount of attenuation in the cable and is the indication limit on the display.

5 With the possibility of reducing.

6 When connecting the device to a charger with an output current of at least 3A.

7 If your PC has a limit on the maximum current supplied to the USB port, the device will automatically limit the maxi-

mum charging current according to the current USB specification. 8 At an ambient temperature of 20±5°C after the battery is fully charged.


6

4. COMPLETENESS

4.1. The delivery set of the device is shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Name Quantity

The vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1 1-6200 MHz 1 pc.

USB 2.0 – Mini-USB cable 1 pc.

SMA (female) – SMA (female) adapter 2 pc.

Manual (product passport) 1 pc.

Package 1 pc.

Due to the continuous improvement of the device and software, the manufacturer reserves the

right to make changes to its technical characteristics and completeness.

5. STRUCTURE OF THE DEVICE

5.1. The device structure is shown in Figure 5.1.

Figure 5.1 - External view of the device

1. Measuring port 1 (PORT 1) is intended for connecting the test devices and acts as a source and

receiver of the signal.

2. Measuring port 2 (PORT 2) is intended for connecting the test devices and is a signal receiver.

3. High frequency connector panel

4. Color resistive screen 4” serves to configure the device through the on-screen menu and display

measurement results in the form of user-defined plots and charts.

5. Indication panel

6. Multi-function button. Turns on and off the device when pressed and held for more than 2 se-

conds. When pressed once, it opens or hides the main menu of the device.

7. Indicator STATUS. Lights up when the device is on.

8. Battery charging indicator CHARGE. Lights up when the battery is charging and when the device

is operating from USB. Turns off when charging is complete.

9. Connector Mini-USB. Serves for data transmission and battery charging of the device.


7

6. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE DEVICE

Vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1 is a technically complex measuring device consisting of a

test (probe) signal generator, directional couplers, a multichannel receiver, ADC, a microcontroller, LCD

and a Li-Ion battery.

Figure 6.1 - Block diagram of the ARINST VNA-PR1

This is a portable device consisting of the main unit and its accessories (measuring cables, connect-

ors, adapters, calibration tools).

The analyzer performs the functions of forming a probing signal, measuring, calculating and displaying

the measured parameters of the test device.

The analyzer provides adjustment of the output power level of the probing signal generator. Power ad-

justment extends the measurement capabilities of active devices and reduces the probability of exceeding

the maximum power of the input signal of the P2 port specified in the technical characteristics of the de-

vice.

where,

ARINST VNA-PR1 – network analyzer;

DUT – device under test;

Р1 and Р2 – port 1 and port 2 of the ana-

lyzer;

Urwa – reflected wave amplitude;

Uiwa – incident wave amplitude;

Utwa – transmitted wave amplitude.

Figure 6.2 - Schematic diagram of measurements of the

reflection and transmission coefficient

The device generates a probing signal based on the frequency range set by the user.


8

In measurement mode S11 the probing signal (incident wave) is sent to the first port P1, to which the

test device or calibration standards are connected. A reflected wave is formed, which is separated by a

directional coupler and enters the reflected signal receiver. From the output of the receiver, the intermedi-

ate frequency (IF) signal is converted into digital form using a high-speed ADC. The digitized data con-

tains information about the amplitude and phase of the reflected signal. Similarly, information about the

amplitude and phase of the incident signal is obtained.

At each frequency, the IF signal of the direct and reflected waves is sampled with further calculation of

the amplitude and phase of each signal using the maximum likelihood method.

The obtained values make it possible to calculate the reflection coefficient (RC), which is a complex

number that carries information about both the phase and the amplitude of the reflected and incident

waves.

where, Urwa – Reflected wave amplitude;

Uiwa – Incident wave amplitude;

Φrwp – Reflected wave phase;

Φiwp – Incident wave phase;

j – √-1 – Imaginary unit.

In measurement mode S21 the probing signal (incident wave) is sent to the first port P1. The test de-

vice is connected to port P1 on one side and to port P2 on the other. In this mode, the analyzer can simul-

taneously measure the parameters S11 (according to the algorithm described above) and S21. When

measuring S21, the incident wave passes through the test device, the resulting signal enters port P2 and

enters the processing path of the transmitted signal, is transferred to IF and converted to digital form us-

ing an ADC.

The obtained values make it possible to calculate the transmission coefficient (TC), which is a complex

number that carries information about both the phase and the amplitude of the transmitted wave.

where, Utwa – Transmitted wave amplitude;

Uiwa – Incident wave amplitude;

φtwp – Transmitted wave phase;

φiwp – Incident wave phase;

j – √-1 – Imaginary unit.

After calculating the RC and TC, the microcontroller displays the result of scanning over the frequen-

cy range in the form of plots and charts selected by the user: Smith chart, phase chart, magnitude plot of

RC / TC, SWR plot and others.


9

7. START ON

Do not use the device outdoors during snowfall or rain. If the device is brought in during

the cold season from a cold room or from the street into a warm room, do not turn it on for

enough time to allow condensation to evaporate from the device.

Match the signal strength and voltage applied to ports P1 and P2 to the maximum device

specifications shown in Table 1.

7.1. Make sure that the device is not damaged externally and that the battery is charged. Charge the

discharged battery in accordance with item 11.2.

7.2. Press and hold button (6) for 2 seconds. The device turns on. When the device is turned on for the

first time, it is necessary to set the frequency range, the type of plots displayed on the screen (4) and car-

ry out calibration. User settings will be saved in the device memory and will be automatically installed on

subsequent switching on.

7.3. To turn off the device, press and hold the button (6) for 2 seconds. The display (4) of the device

will go out, the device will turn off. Each time the device is turned off, the main user settings are recorded

in the nonvolatile memory, which allows avoiding the device setting at the next turn on.

8. SCREEN INTERFACE

The device displays the results of scanning the frequency range specified by the user in the form of

plots and charts. The current device settings and interactive buttons for controlling the device interface

are located at the bottom of the screen.

Figure 8.1 - Device screen

8.1. The information bar of the screen displays information about the current state of the device.

8.1.1. Built-in battery status indicator:

indicator in the form of a spark (lightning) – the battery is charging;

the battery indicator symbol is completely filled in white – the battery is fully charged;

indicator symbol in the form of a white battery outline – the battery is low and needs to be

charged;

the device displays a message about the critical charge level – the battery is fully discharged,

the device will automatically turn off.

8.1.2. Frequency range:

• Numerical values of the beginning and end of the frequency range. In our example, the

frequency range is 1-6200 MHz.

In the mode of measuring the distance to fault, instead of the frequency range, the distance in me-

ters or time in nanoseconds is displayed.

8.1.3. Measurement mode:

S11 – the mode of measuring the reflection coefficient, cable loss and distance to damage;


10

S21 – transmission coefficient measurement mode.

8.1.4. Calibration type designation:

Factory – factory calibration;

SOL – one-port calibration;

SOL+T – full two-port calibration;

Т – direct connection.

8.2. The interface control buttons are located under the information bar (figure 8.1):

8.2.1. The «pause» button. Pressing the button pauses the measurement process and «freezes» the

plot on the screen. Pressing the button again resumes the measurement process.

– pause off, measurement in progress;

– pause on, measurement is paused.

8.2.2. Buttons for switching charts. The device screen displays buttons for quick access to four plots

with measurement results simultaneously. The chart types and their order in the row are set by the user.

– Smith chart or impedance chart;

– polar chart;

– the phase plot of the measured S-parameter, presented in the range from -180 to +

180⁰;

– S-parameter modulus (amplitude) plot on a linear scale;

– S-parameter modulus (amplitude) plot in logarithmic scale (in dB);

– voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) plot;

– plot showing the distance to fault or discontinuity in the cable;

– plot of signal attenuation in the cable;

– group delay plot.

8.2.3. Function buttons

– expands the plot to the full screen.

– turn off the plot to access additional settings

– opens access to settings for plots and measurement modes displayed on the

screen.


11

9. DEVICE MENU

9.1. Main menu

9.1.1. Turn on the device. There are two ways to open the main menu:

Press the button (6) once;

Double-tap the screen.

The main menu will be displayed on the screen, as in Figure 9.1.

Figure 9.1 - Main menu of the device

9.1.2. Each of the sections of the main menu has its own purpose:

Scan – a section of the menu in which the user sets the frequency range for the test device.

Calibration – menu section for performing calibration.

Device – this section sets the electrical cable length compensation, the SWR limit line, the amplitude

scale shift, and the output power level. This section contains the device's serial number and software ver-

sion.

Presets – section for saving user settings.

Traces – section for saving the results of current measurements (traces) with the subsequent possibil-

ity of loading them and comparing them with the current measurement results.

9.1.3. To exit the main menu, press the button (6) once or double-tap the screen next to the plot.

9.2. Setting the frequency range parameters

The frequency range contains the number of parameters by which the synthesizer is rebuilt and the

measurement mode is set (frequency range, number of measurement points, bandwidth of the digital IF

filter).

Figure 9.2 - Menu for setting scan parameters


12

9.2.1. Enter the Scan section of the main menu of the device. Menu for setting the parameters of the

frequency range Scan is shown in Figure 9.2

9.2.2. Scan menu buttons:

Center – setting the center frequency of the scanning range.

Span – scanning range of frequencies.

Start – setting the initial frequency of the scanned frequency range.

Stop – setting the final frequency of the scanned frequency range.

BW – selection of the bandwidth of the digital IF filter.

Points – selecting the number of scan points.

DTF range settings – setting the parameters of the horizontal scale of the DTF plot. Switching to the

time or distance settings of the DTF plot.

Back – exit to the main menu.

9.2.3. The frequency parameters Center, Span, Start and Stop are set by entering a numerical value

in the opened submenu, as shown in Figure 9.3. The resolution of setting the frequency parameters is

100 Hz in the frequency range up to 100 MHz and 10 kHz in the range from 100 to 6200 MHz. Enter the

numerical value of the frequencies in MHz or GHz and press the corresponding button. To delete incor-

rect or previously entered values, press < (Delete). Press × (Cancel) to exit the menu without entering

values.

Figure 9.3 - Entering numerical values of frequency parameters

9.2.4. There are three ways to set frequency parameters:

By entering the initial Start and final Stop frequencies, the center frequency Center is automati-

cally assumed to be equal to their half-sum. The Span frequency range is automatically set

equal to the difference between the final and initial frequencies. Setting the Center frequency and the frequency range of scanning Span. In this case, the Start

and Stop frequencies will be set automatically as Center ± Span / 2. Loading custom settings from the Presets menu.

If the frequency entered by the user is outside the operating range, a warning is displayed on the

screen.

9.2.5. In the BW menu (figure 9.4), the bandwidth of the digital IF filter is selected. The narrower the

bandwidth of the digital filter, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio and, consequently, the higher the meas-

urement accuracy. As the bandwidth decreases, the scan time increases.

Reducing (narrowing) the bandwidth by 10 times will lead to an increase in the voltage signal-to-noise

ratio by 3 times (or 10 dB) with an increase in scan time by 10 times.


13

Figure 9.4 - Bandwidth selection in the BW menu

9.2.6. In the Points menu (figure 9.5), select the number of scan points. The frequency step and scan

time depend on the set number of points. The correct selection of the number of points and the scanning

range allows you to improve the resolution of measurements in the DTF and Cable Loss plots.

Figure 9.5 - Points, menu for selecting scan points

9.3. Setting parameters for measuring distance to fault

9.3.1. Enter the Scan section of the main menu of the device. Set the parameters of the frequency

range in accordance with unit 9.2.

9.3.2. Press the button DTF range settings. The device menu will switch to adjust the time (Figure

9.6) or distance (Figure 9.7) parameters of the horizontal DTF plot scale.

Figure 9.6 - Menu of parameters of the time scale of the DTF plot


14

Center – middle of the range displayed on the plot of time (ns).

Span – range of time displayed on the plot (ns).

Start – initial time displayed on the plot (ns)

Stop – the final time displayed on the plot (ns).

Time – switches the type of horizontal scale displayed on the plot.

VF – Velocity factor or the speed factor. The ratio of the speed of propagation of an electromagnetic

wave in a cable to the speed of propagation of an electromagnetic wave in a vacuum. The range of val-

ues is located in the range from 0.1 to 1.

Frequency range settings – setting frequency parameters. Switching to frequency parameter set-

tings.


Limitations of the device in displaying time

Maximum time value ТMAX (ns) determined by the formula:

where N – number of scan points.

SPAN – scan frequency range (Hz), defined as the difference between the final and initial frequencies

(FSTOP–FSTART). Wherein TMAX cannot exceed the value of 9999.99 ns due to the limitation of the bit

width of the display menu

The time resolution is TMAX / 1024;

The minimum time shown on the display is TMAX / 8;

Attention! In the case of setting the frequency range at which the maximum propagation

time TMAX exceeds the value of 9999.99 ns, the button for switching to DTF plot settings will be

disabled.

Figure 9.7 - Menu of parameters of the distance scale of the DTF plot

Center – middle of the range displayed on the plot of the distance (m).

Span – range of distance displayed on the plot (m).

Start – beginning of the range displayed on the plot (m)

Stop – finish of the range displayed on the plot (m).

Distance – switching the type of horizontal scale displayed on the plot.

VF – Velocity factor or the speed factor. The ratio of the speed of propagation of an electromagnetic

wave in a cable to the speed of propagation of an electromagnetic wave in a vacuum. Values range from

0.1 to 1.

Frequency range settings – setting frequency parameters. Switch to frequency parameter settings.



15

Device limitations in displaying distance

Maximum displayed distance DMAX depends on the speed factor VF. When VF=1, maximum

displayed distance DMAX = 3000m.

Distance resolution – DMAX / 1024;

The minimum distance shown on the display is DMAX / 8.

For correct time or distance measurement, select a frequency range so that the maximum dis-

played time or length is greater than the expected cable length. Otherwise, the estimate of the

time or cable length will be incorrect and certainly less than the real one.

9.3.3. Enter the speed, time, or distance factor that determines the length of the plot's horizontal scale

(figure 9.8) and click (Data entry). To delete incorrect or previously entered values, click ˂ (Delete). To

exit the menu without entering values press × (Cancel).

The input menu displays the maximum value that cannot be exceeded. The maximum value is limited

to the selected frequency range.

Figure 9.8 - Entering values for the horizontal scale parameters of the DTF plot

9.4. Device calibration menu

Attention! All devices are factory calibrated by the manufacturer. Removable SMA adapters screwed

onto the instrument connectors are taken as the reference plane. When using cable assemblies or addi-

tional adapters, the device must be recalibrated according to the instructions. It is recommended to use

ready-made calibration kits to calibrate the device.

In order to avoid premature wear of the instrument connectors, it is recommended to carry

out measurements with the screwed-on adapters supplied.

Factory calibration information is displayed in the information bar of the screen. To increase meas-

urement accuracy with optional adapters and cables, you must perform a full 1-port or 2-port calibration

using a calibration kit, sold separately.

9.4.1. Enter the Calibration section of the main menu of the device (Figure 9.9).

9.4.2. To exclude the influence of connecting wires and connectors on the measurement results, carry

out calibration.

Calibration is performed after warming up the device for at least five minutes. The change in ambient

temperature from the moment of calibration to measurements should not exceed ± 3 ° С. Always calibrate

the device before taking critical measurements to eliminate the influence of ambient temperature.


16

9.4.3. Connect the necessary accessories (connectors, adapters and cables) to the device ports P1

and P2 through which the device will connect to the test device. Thus, as a result of calibration, the cali-

bration plane is transferred from the device ports P1 and P2 to the ends of the connected accessories.

Connect the loads from the standard set of calibration measures in series to the cable or connector

connected to port P1 (not included in the delivery package):

Idle and press the Open button on the device screen;

Short circuit and press Short button on the screen;

Matched load, and press the Load button.

If you are performing a full two-port calibration of the device, connect the cables connected to ports

P1 and P2 via a jumper and press the Through button on the screen.

After calibration, the buttons on the screen will turn green. To delete a calibration, click the Open,

Short, Load, or Through button again. Connect the appropriate calibration measure and calibrate the

device.

Back button-exit to the main menu.

Figure 9.9 - Device calibration process

9.4.4. Calibration information will appear in the information bar on the screen:

Factory – there is no custom calibration. The device is factory calibrated. Displayed on the

device screen in white.

SOL / SOL+T – one-port / two-port calibration performed. Calibration and frequency range are

the same. In this mode, the measurement results are the most accurate. The type of calibra-

tion is displayed in white on the screen.

If during measurements the frequency range does not coincide with the range in which the calibra-

tion was performed, but the frequencies are within the calibration range, the device uses a mathemati-

cal method to calculate the calibrations based on interpolation. The measurement accuracy will be

lower and the calibration type will be displayed in blue.

If the frequency range is outside the calibration range, the device uses a mathematical method to

calculate calibrations based on extrapolation. The type of calibration will be displayed in red on the

screen. The measurement accuracy is the lowest.


17

9.5. Information about the device

9.5.1. Enter the Device section of the main menu (Figure 9.10).

Figure 9.10 - Information about the device

Information about the device will be displayed on the screen:

device ID;

information about the developer;

device firmware version.

9.5.2. In addition to information about the device, this section of the menu contains options:

electrical cable length compensation Electrical delay;

shift of the amplitude scale S21 Amp. Offset;

adjusting the output signal power Power output;

displaying the VSWR limit line SWR limit line.

For a detailed description of these options, see units 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, and 9.9.


9.6. Compensation electrical length of the cable


Option Electrical delay designed to compensate for phase overrun and transfer of the calibration

plane when connecting additional cables with low attenuation to the device.

Let's look at the example of the Smith chart, how the Electrical delay option of compensation for the

electrical length of the cable works.

During the measurement process, when an additional adapter cable is used with a small total signal

attenuation (no more than 1 dB), the calibration plane shifts. To compensate for phase overrun when ad-

ditional cables are connected to the device, the measurement plane must be moved to the calibration

plane.

9.6.2. Calibrate the device in accordance with unit 9.4. If the factory calibration parameters are correct

for the measurement conditions, calibration is not necessary.

The graph on the Smith chart, if the calibration is successful, will be tightened into a circle with a mini-

mum radius (Figure 9.11).


18

Figure 9.11 - Smith chart after calibration

9.6.3. Connect an additional (adapter) cable of short length with a total signal attenuation of no more

than 1 dB. In this case, in the chart, a circle with a minimum radius is transformed into an arc (Figure

9.12).

Figure 9.12 - Offset of the calibration plane by an additional cable

This is due to the fact that the additional cable has a phase attack proportional to the length of the ca-

ble. To compensate for this phenomenon, you need to set an approximate delay value in picoseconds in

the device options.

Formula for calculating the compensation of the time T of propagation of the probing signal along the

additional cable:

where L – cable length, (m)

С – the speed of light, (m / s)

VF – the velocity factor, has a value of <1

To convert the T value into picoseconds (ps), the resulting value must be multiplied by 1012

.

9.6.4. Enter the numerical value of the compensation time (T) in picoseconds, calculated by the formu-

la in the field Electrical delay.

Use the buttons and to adjust the exact compensation time at which the graph on the chart

will be drawn into a circle with a minimum radius (Figure 9.13).



19

Figure 9.13 - The electrical cable length is compensated

The time compensation value is displayed on the device screen (designation ED) and is saved in the user

settings Presets even when the device is turned off. When changing the calibration plane, it is necessary

to delete the value of the compensation of the electrical length of the cable, setting the value equal to ze-

ro.

9.7. Shift of the amplitude scale on plots Lin. Amp and Log. Amp

It is used for convenience when measuring the amplitude-frequency characteristic (AFC) of active de-

vices.

The maximum allowable input power is +10 dBm. It is recommended to use external atten-

uators when measuring the parameters of active devices, which reduce the input signal power to

a level of no more than 0 dBm.

9.7.1. Install external attenuators in the test port circuit of the device.


9.7.3. When using external attenuators or amplifiers, to correctly display the amplitude of the input

signal, enter the scaling value S21 Amp. offset in decibels via the numerical value input menu or buttons

and .

For the convenience of displaying a real plot on the grid of the device, the numerical value of the at-

tenuation can be entered either positive or negative.

The device will automatically shift the plot within the measurement range, compensating for signal at-

tenuation by external attenuators (Figure 9.14).

Figure 9.14 - Compensation of signal attenuation by attenuators


20

The value of the S21 Amp. offset scale shift is displayed in red on the screen and saved in the user

Presets settings and when the device is turned off. If you disable external attenuators, you must remove

the scale offset value by setting the S21 Amp. offset value to zero.

9.8. Adjusting the output power of the probe signal generator


Adjusting the output power level of the probe signal generator Power output expands the measure-

ment capabilities of active devices and reduces the likelihood of exceeding the maximum input signal

power of the P2 port of the device.

Use the buttons and to adjust the power output level of the probe signal generator.

9.9. Displaying the SWR limit line

For ease of use, you can set the limit line of the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). The line will be

displayed in red on Smith, Polar, SWR and Log. Amp (in measurement mode S11).


9.9.2. The SWR line display is switched off and on by pressing the button with the numerical value of

the coefficient (Figure 9.15).

Figure 9.15 - Displaying the VSWR limit line is off

9.9.3. Use the buttons and to change the value of the SWR limit line in the range from 1.1

to 9.9.

9.10. Configuring plot parameters

9.10.1. Exit the main menu of the device by pressing the button (6) once. Select the plot and click

Controls. The plot management menu appears on the screen, as shown in Figure 9.16.


21

Figure 9.16 - Menu for setting the plots displayed on the screen

9.10.2. Use the buttons and to narrow and expand the range of frequencies displayed

on the screen.

9.10.3. Move the plot to the left-right by using the buttons and .

9.10.4. Change the type of the displayed plot by clicking the button with the name of the active plot

and choosing a new one from the list (Figure 9.17). Back button - exit from the list of plots.

Figure 9.17 - Selecting a plot from the list

If you set the frequency range, where the maximum propagation time exceeds 9999.99 ns, the DTF

plot button will be disabled. More detailed information is in unit 9.3 of this «Manual».

9.10.5. To configure the plot display, click Settings. The menu appears on the screen as shown in

Figure 9.18.


22

Figure 9.18 - Plot display settings

The buttons and change the scale of the vertical axis. The reference level of the plot is

moved with the buttons and .

Sequential switching of the data source is done with the S11 button. The dynamic data S11 and S21

are real-time measurement plots. Static data Trace S11 and Trace S21 - saved and loaded by the user

measurement results (traces). The process of saving and loading measurement results is described in

detail in unit 9.13.

The Exclusive / Layer button switches the plot display type. In Exclusive mode, only the active plot is

displayed. In the Layer mode, inactive plots are displayed in a semi-transparent background under the

active plot.

Switching the phase plot and the unwrapped phase plot with the Normal / Unwrapped button.

Back button - exit from the list of plots.

9.11. Marker measurements

On plots, in addition to the DTF plot, up to four markers can be set to display numerical measurement

results. Markers are completely independent from each other and can be adjusted according to the type

of values displayed by the marker and by frequency.

9.11.1. Select a plot. To the right of the plot there are four marked fields for displaying markers. After

clicking on one of the fields, a menu will appear, as in Figure 9.19.

Figure 9.19 - Setting the marker


23

9.11.2. Turning on, off and setting the type of the marker is performed by the marker status button:

Off – marker off;

Point – the marker is set at a point on the plot at a frequency specified by the user;

Delta – marker for measuring increments relative to the reference marker.

When multiple delta-markers are set, the first delta-marker automatically becomes the reference

marker.

On the plot, the delta-markers are displayed with the letter D, the reference marker with the letter R.

It is also possible to set a marker when you touch the screen in the area of interest of the plot with a

duration of about two seconds. If there are no markers set on the chart, then as a result of a long touch,

marker 1 will appear. When repeating, the next marker in a row.

9.11.3. Configure the type of values displayed by the marker by pressing the button with the type of

displayed value, select the type from the list (Figure 9.20). Back button - exit from the list.

Figure 9.20 - Selecting the type of value displayed by the marker

Table 3 - Values displayed by markers

Auto The values are displayed in the interpretation corresponding to the displayed

plot. Switching the plot automatically changes the type of interpretation.

Re, Im Displaying the amplitude of the real and imaginary parts of the complex reflec-

tion coefficient.

LMag, Phase Displaying magnitude in decibels and phase in degrees

SWR The standing wave ratio (VSWR).

Z=R+jX Displays the active and reactive parts of the impedance in ohm. Type of reactivi-

ty-capacitance or inductance.

Y=G+jB Displays the active and reactive parts of the admittance in millisiemens (mS).

Type of reactivity-capacitance or inductance.

9.11.4. Enter the frequency at which the marker will be set.

There are several ways to enter and change the frequency at which the marker is located:

By pressing the button with the frequency display and further transition to the menu for enter-

ing numerical values.

By pressing the navigation buttons and .

Moving the marker on the screen using a grip with your finger or stylus.

Moving the marker and changing the frequency will occur with a Step equal to:


24

where Step – marker movement step

SPAN – scanning frequency range

N – number of scan points.

Figure 9.21 - Setting the marker at a given frequency

9.11.5. To change the display parameters of the selected marker, click to the right of the plot on one of

the four blocks with marker parameters. Below, in Table 4, the types of parameters displayed by markers

in blocks are indicated.

Table 4 - Value of parameters displayed by markers

Re: Amplitude of complex RC and TK

R:

Impedance Im: X:

Mg: Magnitude and Phase

C:

Ph: G:

Admittance SWR: VSWR

B:

C:

9.11.6. For the DTF plot, turning on, off and setting the marker is performed by the marker state but-

ton:

Off – marker off;

Point – the marker is set at a point on the plot at a user-specified distance or time from the start of the

countdown;

Peak (maximum) – the marker will be set at the maximum point of the plot automatically. In this case,

the previously entered time or distance value is ignored.

9.11.7. For a marker in the Point state, set the time (ns) or distance (m) from the reference point on

the plot for taking measurements.

Parameters of Point markers (time or distance) depend on the selected units of measurement in the

menu for setting the frequency scale parameters for the DTF plot (see unit 9.3).


25

Figure 9.22 - Setting parameters of DTF plot markers

Entering and changing the time (ns) or distance (m) from the reference point, at which the marker is

located, is carried out in several ways:

By pressing the button with display of time or distance and further transition to the menu for

entering numerical values.

By pressing the navigation buttons and .

By moving the marker on the device screen.

Moving by buttons is possible only for markers of the Point type. Peak markers do not move.

9.12. User settings menu

9.12.1. Enter the Presets section of the main menu (Figure 9.23).

Figure 9.23 - User settings menu

9.12.2. The device stores in memory 32 user settings on four pages. Click the Empty button to save

the settings. If all buttons are occupied with user settings, rewrite by clicking on the button with outdated

or unnecessary settings. Click the Save preset button to save the setting. A new button appears with the

default setting label.

Saving a custom setting takes about 2 seconds. At this time, the device does not respond to touching

the screen and pressing a button.

9.12.3. By clicking on the button with the saved setting, the user can apply the Apply preset setting or

delete the Erase preset setting (Figure 9.24).


26

Figure 9.24 - Menu for working with custom settings

9.12.3. The user can rename the saved settings. To do this, click the button with the name of the se-

lected setting. Change the name of the setting using the on-screen keyboard (Figure 9.25).

Figure 9.25 - Changing the name of the custom setting

To save the setting with the default name, leave the field empty.

9.13. Saving measurement results

The device has the ability to save the measurement results-traces, with the possibility of subsequent

viewing and comparison with the results of current measurements.

9.13.1. Enter the Traces section of the main menu of the device (Figure 9.26).

Figure 9.26 - Menu for saving measurement results


27

9.13.2. The device stores 32 measurement results (traces) in memory. Press the Empty button to

save the measurement results. If all buttons are occupied with measurement results, rewrite by pressing

the button with outdated or unnecessary results. Click the Save trace button to save the result. A new

button appears with a standard label.

9.13.3. By clicking on the button with the saved trace, the user can load the Load trace or delete the

Erase trace (Figure 9.27).

Figure 9.27 - Menu for working with saved traces

Turning on, viewing and comparison of the loaded trace with the results of current measurements is

carried out in several ways:

Sequential switching of real plots and saved traces using the data source button S11 – Trace

S11 – S21 – Trace S21 (see unit 9.10).

Setting up plots of the same type with different data sources (real plot and saved trace) in the

Layer view (Figure 9.28).

Figure 9.28 - Comparison of the saved trace with the real plot

9.13.4. Disabling of the measurement results viewing mode is performed by the Unload trace button

in the Traces menu (Figure 9.29). The plots in the mode of viewing the saved results of Trace S11 or

Trace S21 will automatically switch to displaying the current measurements of S11 or S21.


28

Figure 9.29 - Disable viewing of saved measurement results

9.13.5. The user can rename the saved measurement results. The process is the same as for renaming

user settings in unit 9.12.3.


29

10. CHARTS AND PLOTS

10.1. Smith chart

10.1.1. The Smith chart (impedance pie chart) is intended to determine the complex resistances of the

tested load and allows the complex reflection coefficient to be displayed graphically on a plane. The hori-

zontal axis is the real part of the reflection coefficient (RC), and the vertical axis is the imaginary part of

the RK. The center of the chart corresponds to an impedance of 50 Ohm.

Figure 10.1 - On the screen the Smith chart

10.1.2. Additionally, in the Device menu, the display of the SWR limit line with the setting of a numeri-

cal value can be enabled (see unit 9.9.). The Smith chart allows you to evaluate the circuit mismatch and

the nature of the load: purely active, reactive-inductive, reactive-capacitive or complex.

10.2. Polar chart

10.2.1. The polar chart is designed to display the complex reflection coefficient in a two-dimensional

coordinate system (Figure 10.2). The chart is similar to the Smith chart, but its scale grid is reduced to

certain values of VSWR - 2; 5.

Figure 10.2 - Polar chart

10.2.2. Additionally, in the Device menu, the display of the SWR limit line with the setting of a numeri-

cal value can be turned on (see unit 9.9.). The red circle around the center of the chart corresponds to the

specified SWR value. If the chart does not go beyond the SWR limit line, then the SWR of the measured

load does not exceed this value.


30

10.3. Phase plot

10.3.1. The plot shows the dependence of the S-parameter on frequency. The measurement range is

from minus 180 to plus 180 degrees (Figures 10.3 - 10.6).

The plot can be represented as an unfolded phase plot. In this case, the measurement range is below

minus 180 and above plus 180 degrees (Figures 10.4 and 10.6).

Figure 10.3 - Phase plot in measurement mode S11

Figure 10.4 - Plot of the unwrapped phase in S11 measurement mode

Figure 10.5 - Phase plot in measurement mode S21


31

Figure 10.6 - Plot of the unwrapped phase in the S21 measurement mode

10.4. Plot of the magnitude (modulus) of the reflection coefficient on a linear scale

10.4.1. The plot shows the dependence of the RC and TC magnitudes on the frequency on a linear

scale (figure 10.7). Vertical scale of the plot in units (dimensionless value).

Figure 10.7 - Linear plot of the magnitude (mode S11)

Figure 10.8 - Linear plot of the magnitude (mode S21)

10.5. Plot of the magnitude (modulus) of the reflection coefficient on a logarithmic scale

10.5.1. The plot shows the dependence of the magnitude of the RC and TC on the frequency in loga-

rithmic scale, in dB (Figure 10.9.). Vertical scale of the plot is displayed in dB


32

Figure 10.9 - Logarithmic plot of the magnitude (mode S11)

Figure 10.10 - Logarithmic plot of the magnitude (mode S21)

10.6. VSWR plot

10.6.1. The plot shows the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), (Figure 10.11).

Figure 10.11-VSWR plot

10.7. Measuring the distance to fault

10.7.1. DTF – distance to fault – distance to damage. This plot (Figure 10.12) ) allows you to meas-

ure the distance to fault or heterogeneity of the cable in the communication lines. Calculated as the in-

verse Fourier transform of the frequency array of reflection coefficients.


33

Figure 10.12 - Plot of distance measurement to cable fault

10.8. Cable loss plot

10.8.1. Cable insertion loss depends on the signal frequency. The higher the frequency, the greater

the loss. Typically, cable manufacturers report their cable losses at one or more frequencies. To deter-

mine the loss in a different frequency range or when using a cable of which the loss is unknown, use the

cable loss determination plot (Figure 10.13).

Figure 10.13 - Plot of cable loss measurements

10.8.2. To take measurements, you must configure the device as follows:

In the Controls plot management menu, set the units of measurement and cable length in the Set-

tings menu (see unit 9.10).

If cable length is not important, select the unit of measure decibel (dB).

If the cable length is known (measured using the DTF plot), to display the loss, set the loss

unit in decibels per linear meter (dB / m) and enter the cable length (Figure 10.14). The range

of values of the measured cable length is 1-1000 m.

When displaying measurement results, the scale of the plot is selected by the device automatically.


34

Figure 10.14 - Selecting units and entering cable length

To obtain correct measurement results, it is necessary to choose a scanning step several times less

than the period of phase oscillations. The period of the oscillations is equal to the ratio of the propagation

speed to twice the value of the cable length.

where SPAN – scanning frequency range (Hz), defined as the difference between the final and initial

frequencies (FSTOP – FSTART)

N – quantity of scan points

С – speed of light, m / s

VF – speed factor

L – cable length, m

10.9. Group delay plot

10.9. The group delay is the propagation time of the signal through the analyzed circuit. This signal

delay will differ for different frequencies if the test device does not have a linear phase response (PFC).

To determine the group delay of the signal phase in a certain frequency range, a plot is used (figure

10.15). By measuring the phase of parameter S21, the analyzer calculates the group delay of the test

device. The resulting values are displayed in nanoseconds (ns).

Figure 10.15 - Group delay plot


35

The measurement procedure is associated with the determination of the group delay TGR in the form of

a negative derivative of the phase φ (in degrees) on the frequency f:

where TGR – group delay,

Δφ – phase increment in degrees, defined as the phase difference φ2 and φ1

Δf – frequency increment in hertz, defined as the difference between f2 and f1.


36

11. CARE AND MAINTENANCE

11.1. General care of the device 11.1.1. Technical service consists in keeping the device in working condition, regular carrying out pre-

ventive work.

11.1.2. The connectors of the test ports are wiped with a soft cloth or a brush dipped in rectified ethyl

alcohol, preventing alcohol from getting on the surfaces of dielectrics.

11.1.3. The case of the device is cleaned from contamination with a soft cloth moistened with soapy

water or wet household wipes. The penetration of liquids into the device case is not allowed!

Do not use alcohol-based or petroleum-based solvents to clean the screen and the device

case! These liquids can damage the outer coating of the screen and the product case.

11.2. Battery charging 11.2.1. To charge the battery, we recommend using a stable power supply with an output voltage of 5V

and a current of at least 1000 mA.

The device has an intelligent system for determining the maximum charging current depending on the

available power source. When the charger is connected, the maximum charging current is automatically

detected. To reduce the charging time of the built-in battery, it is recommended to use industrial power

supplies (chargers) with a maximum output current of 3 A.

11.2.2. Connect the USB cable supplied with the Mini-USB connector of the device (9) with the USB

connector of the power supply or the USB port of the PC.

11.2.3. The CHARGE indicator (8) informs you about the battery charging process. The battery charg-

ing process will take about 3.5 hours. When charging is complete, the CHARGE indicator (8) turns off.

The device is allowed to operate while the battery is charging, provided that the power supply is capa-

ble of providing an output current of at least 1500 mA. If the charger or USB port of the PC is not able to

provide the required current for the device to operate and charge the battery, the device will automatically

lower the current consumption until the battery is completely stopped.

11.3. Battery replacement

11.3.1. After a certain period of time, the capacity of the Li-Ion battery decreases, and long-term use of

the device without recharging becomes difficult.

11.3.2. Battery replacement is necessary if:

the battery charges very quickly and discharges very quickly;

the battery takes a very long time to charge (more than 10 hours);

the battery does not take charge;

the device does not turn on in offline mode (with the charger cord disconnected).

11.3.3. To replace it, you need to purchase a new Li-Ion battery with an operating voltage of 3.7 V, a

capacity of at least 5000 mAh and dimensions of no more than: height 7 mm, length 90 mm, width 60

mm.

When purchasing and installing a battery with a capacity that is different from the capacity of the de-

vice installed by the manufacturer, you should take into account the fact that the time to fully charge the

battery will also change up or down.

When using a battery of a different capacity, the correspondence of the displayed battery

charge level on the device screen to the real value is not guaranteed.

To replace the battery, you will need to disassemble the device. Make sure you have the

tool, knowledge, and qualifications to replace the battery yourself. If you do not have enough ex-

perience and qualifications, contact specialists with the appropriate qualifications.


37

11.3.4. Remove the 4 screws (10) on the high-frequency connector panel (3). Then remove the 2 up-

per screws (10) on the display panel (5). (Figure 11.1).

Figure 11.1 - Disassembly of the device case

11.3.5. Carefully remove the upper case. Slide along the guide grooves in the lower part of the case

chassis assembly with a printed circuit board and a screen module (4). 11.3.6. The battery (11) is located on the board under the screen module (4) and secured with double-

sided tape. Carefully disconnect the battery connector (12) (11) from the PCB connector (figure 11.2).

Remove the old battery (11) and remove the old double-sided tape that was used to attach it to the board.

Figure 11.2 - Replacing the battery

11.3.7. Apply double-sided tape and glue the new battery (11) securely to the board. Connect the bat-

tery connector (12) to the connector on the board. Assemble the device case in reverse order.

11.3.8. After assembling the device, charge the battery in accordance with unit 11.2.


38

11.4. Keeping 11.4.1. Before commissioning, the device must be stored in the manufacturer's packag at an ambient

temperature of 0 to plus 40 ° C and a relative humidity of no more than 80% (at a temperature of plus 25 °

C).

11.4.2. Store the device without packag at an ambient temperature of 0 to + 35⁰С and a relative hu-

midity of no more than 80% (at a temperature of + 25⁰С).

11.5. Transportation

11.5.1. It is allowed to transport the device in a shipping container by all means of transport at an am-

bient temperature from minus 40 to plus 60⁰С. During transportation, the device must be securely fas-

tened. Shaking, knocking and dropping can damage the device.

11.5.2. When transported by air, the device must be placed in a heated, sealed compartment.

11.5.3. During transportation, the device must be protected from atmospheric precipitation and dust.

11.6. Limit state criterion 11.6.1. The criterion for the limit state of the device is a feature, or a set of features, when which:

further operation of the device is not allowed;

restoration to a working condition is impossible or economically impractical.

11.6.2. Upon reaching the limit state, the device must be removed from service and disposed of.

11.7. Utilization Check out the local system for separate collection of electrical and electronic goods. Follow local regula-

tions. Dispose of the equipment separately from household waste. Proper disposal of your device will

prevent possible negative consequences for the environment and human health.


39

12. POSSIBLE MALFUNCTIONS AND METHODS OF THEIR ELIMINATION

If there is a malfunction in the device, check the possible causes of the malfunction in Table 5.

Table 5 Malfunction manifestation Possible reason Methods of elimination

1. The device does not turn on. Battery discharged. Charge the battery. Multifunctional button MENU

defective. Contact the service center for

repair. 2. The device does not turn on in

autonomous mode. Battery defective Replace battery.

3. The battery life is less than 1

hour.

The device is operated at ex-

tremely low ambient tempera-

tures.

Operate the device at an ambient

temperature from 0 to plus 40 °

С. Battery discharged. Charge the battery.. Battery defective Replace battery.

4. The device screen does not

respond to touch or responds

with a delay.

The device is operated at ex-

tremely low ambient tempera-

tures.

Operate the device at an ambient

temperature from 0 to plus 40 ° С

Dirty screen. Clear the screen.

Lost the factory calibration of the

screen

Calibrate the device screen ac-

cording to unit 13.

The display module of the device

is faulty. Contact the service center for

repair.

5. The test device is connected

to the ports P1 and P2, and there

is no signal display on the plot.

Wrong measurement mode se-

lected or wrong frequency range

set.

Set the correct measurement

mode or set the correct frequen-

cy range. There is no contact between the

equipment cable and ports P1

and P2 of the device.

Make sure that the cables of the

test equipment are securely con-

nected to the device connectors. The input circuit of the device is

defective. Contact the service center for

repair.

6. Poor measurement accuracy.

The input circuit of the device is

faulty due to exceeding the max-

imum voltage on port P1 and / or

P2.

Contact the service center for

repair.


40

13. RETURN THE DEVICE TO FACTORY SETTINGS

13.1. Turn on the device. While the device is loading, tap and hold the graph image on the screen for

a few seconds (Figure 13.1).

Figure 13.1 - Loading the device after turning on

13.2. The reset menu will appear on the device screen (Figure 13.2).

Figure 13.2 - Menu of device settings reset

Touch and hold the command button for about 2 seconds:

Reset settings. Resets selected plots, current measurement frequency range and device calibra-

tions. Only the Factory calibration remains in the device.

Erase presets. Removing custom settings from the Presets section of the main menu.

Erase traces. Removing the saved measurement results from the Traces section of the main menu.

Recalibrate Screen. Calibration of the device screen. Executed in cases where the screen takes too

long or does not respond correctly to pressing. Make sure the screen is clean before calibrating. Follow

the instructions in the screen calibration utility.

Custom screen calibrations are applied after the device is loaded.

Factory reset. Full reset of the device. Only the Factory calibration remains.

To exit the reset menu, touch the graph image on the screen.


41

14. WARRANTY

Kroks Plus LLC guarantees the compliance of this product with the technical characteristics spec-ified in this document.

The warranty period is 12 months from the date of purchase of the product by the customer. Dur-ing this period, the manufacturer provides a free warranty service.

The warranty does not cover the following cases:

- the warranty period of the product has expired from the date of sale;

- more than 12 months have passed from the date of manufacture of the product (only if the prod-uct does not have documents confirming the date of sale, such as a sales receipt or a correctly completed warranty card containing information about the product and the seller);

- a product intended for personal needs was used for commercial activities, as well as for other purposes that do not correspond to its intended purpose;

- violation of the rules and operating conditions specified in the «Manual» and other documenta-tion provided to the Buyer complete with the product;

- if the Product contains traces of unqualified repairs or attempts to open it outside an authorized service center, as well as due to unauthorized interference with the software;

- damage (defects) of the Goods caused by the influence of virus programs, interference with the software, or the use of third-party software (non-original);

- the defect is caused by force majeure (for example, earthquake, fire, lightning strike, instability in the electrical network), accidents, deliberate or careless actions of the consumer or third parties;

- mechanical damage (cracks, chips, holes) arising after the transfer of the product to the Buyer;

- damage caused by exposure to moisture, high or low temperatures, corrosion, oxidation, ingress of foreign objects, substances, liquids, insects into the product;

- the defect arose due to the supply of a signal to the input connectors, terminals, case that ex-ceeds the values permissible for this Product;

- the defect is caused by natural wear and tear of the Goods (for example, but not limited to: natu-ral wear and tear of connectors due to frequent plugging / unplugging of adapters).

The warranty only covers defects caused by the fault of the manufacturer. Warranty service is per-formed by the manufacturer.

I have read the warranty obligations __________________________ (Buyer's signature)

Date of sale:________________ Seller _________________________________ (date) (store name or stamp)

Country of origin: Russia

Manufacturer: LLC "Kroks Plus"

Manufacturer's address: 394005, Voronezh, Moskovsky pr-t 133, office 263

Organization authorized

to accept claims:

LLC "Kroks Plus", Voronezh,

st. Vladimir Nevsky, 39b


42

APPLICATION A

(informational)

ARINST VNA-PR1 vector network analyzer software update

Firmware of the vector network analyzer is constantly being improved and optimized. Errors are cor-

rected, additions are made that optimize the operation of the device and have a positive effect on the ac-

curacy of measurements. In addition to fixing errors and stabilizing work, new functionality is being added

that expands the scope of the device.

We recommend that you regularly update the device firmware.

1. Installing the boot loader and virtual port driver on your PC

1.1. Go to the official website of ARINST by entering the address www.arinst.net in the address bar of

your browser. Go to the DOWNLOAD section and click on the file Arinst Firmware Updater to update the

firmware of vector circuit analyzers (Figure A1. 1).

Figure A1.1 - Downloading the application for updating the device

1.3. Enter the directory with the downloaded compressed (archived) file. Unzip the downloaded file

using archiving programs (Figure A1.2).

Figure A1.2 - Unzipped downloaded file

http://www.arinst.net/


43

The unzipped file contains 2 objects:

The AFU-setup64.exe update loader installation file for 64-bit Windows operating systems.

The AFU-setup86.exe update loader installation file for 32-bit Windows operating systems.

To determine which Windows operating system (32-bit or 64-bit) is installed on your PC, run:

For Windows 7:

Click the Start button, right-click Computer, and then select Properties.

In the System section, see what type of system is listed.

For Windows 8.1 and Windows 10:

Click the Start button and select: Settings → System → About.

In the Specifications section, see which System type is listed.

1.4. After selecting the installation file corresponding to the bitness of your operating system, install

the update loader on your PC, following the instructions of the installer.

The Arinst Firmware Updater application and the virtual COM port driver will be installed.

The installer package contains all the necessary components for the correct operation of

the application and the connected equipment. If the installation of any components was interrupt-

ed by the user, these components must be installed independently or restart the installer pack-

age.

2. Device firmware update

Before updating the device firmware, make sure that your PC has access to the Internet.

2.1. Connect the device with a USB cable to the USB port of the PC. Switch on the device.

2.2. Run the application Arinst Firmware Updater.

2.3. Click the button 9 to connect the device to your PC (Figure A2.1).

Figure A2.1 - Connecting the device to PC

2.4. In the window that opens, from the drop-down list select the virtual COM port for connecting the

device (Figure A2.2).

9 The command buttons of the loader interface in this application are highlighted in red only for ease of reading.


44

Figure A2.2 - Selecting a virtual COM port for connecting the device

In our example, in Figure A2.2, the COM9 virtual port is selected.

2.5. If the desired port is not in the list of virtual ports, click the Refresh button.

2.6. After selecting the COM port, connect the device by clicking the Apply button.

2.7. After connection, the ID and firmware version of the device will be determined. The Check for

updates button will become active (Figure A2.3).

Figure A2.3 - The device is connected to the PC

Click the Check for updates button. If the current firmware version is lower than the actual one, the

application will offer to update the device's firmware (figure A2. 4).


45

Figure A2.4 - Message about a later firmware version

2.8. To update the device firmware automatically, click Yes. If you plan to update the firmware later,

click No.

To update the device firmware manually, click the Upgrade firmware button.

If the device was in application mode, it will automatically restart during the firmware update. The ap-

plication message will be displayed on the PC screen (figure A2. 5).

Figure A2. 5 - Application message about the device switching to update mode

2.9. During the device firmware update, a window will appear with the download progress (Figure A2.

6).


46

Figure A2.6 - Updates download process

After completing the download of the updates, the device will automatically reboot and switch to the

application mode. An application message will be displayed on the PC screen.

2.10. After downloading and installing the new firmware, the application will display the latest installed

version of the device software (Figure A2.7)

Figure A2.7 - Displaying the device firmware version

To ensure that the latest firmware is installed, click the Check for updates button. A message about

the latest firmware version will be displayed on the screen.

3. Device status messages displayed during the update process

3.1. Standard firmware download without errors. The device screen displays its number and the result

of checking the downloaded firmware (Figure A3. 1).


47

Figure A3. 1 - Successful firmware download

3.2. Unsuccessful firmware download. (Figure A3.2). Connect the device to a PC and update the de-

vice firmware again.

Figure A3.2 - Unsuccessful firmware download

3.3. If the update process was interrupted, the device will start in update mode until the update pro-

cess is completed. The device displays a message about the update mode in which the device is located

(Figure A3.3).

Check the connection of the device to the PC and carry out the firmware update again.

Figure A3.3 - The device is in update mode


48

3.4. After completing the update process, the device checks the installed firmware. If the checksums

do not converge, a mismatch message is displayed on the screen (Figure A3.4). After rebooting, the de-

vice will be in the update error mode. Check the connection of the device to the PC and carry out the

firmware update again.

Figure A3.4 - Unsuccessfully installed firmware

Document version from 19.03.2021

Documents

2-port vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1arinst.ru/files/2114-ARINST-VNA-PR1/User-manual-ARINST... · 2021. 3. 19. · 2-port vector network analyzer ARINST VNA-PR1 4 1. PURPOSE