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    CMOS & BIOSCMOS & BIOSConfigurationsConfigurations

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    CMOS

    Separate memory chip, called thecomplementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) chip

    Stores the information that describesspecific device parameters

    CMOS also acts as a clock to keep thecurrent date and time

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    CMOSCMOS

    Setting startup passwords in CMOSSetting startup passwords in CMOS

    Categories of CMOS settingsCategories of CMOS settings

    StandardStandard

    BIOS Features MenuBIOS Features Menu

    Advanced Chip Set SetupAdvanced Chip Set Setup

    Power Management MenuPower Management Menu

    IDE HDD AutoIDE HDD Auto--detectdetect

    Hardware Device SettingsHardware Device Settings

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    BIOS

    Called basic input/output system (BIOS)

    Programming loaded into memory that

    teaches the CPU about a particular device

    Perfect place to store the supportprogramming is on the motherboard

    On a special type of device called a read-onlymemory (ROM) chip

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    CMOS Setup Main MenuCMOS Setup Main Menu

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    CMOS Setup AdvancedCMOS Setup Advanced

    MenuMenu

    Virus ProtectionVirus Protection

    Quick POSTQuick POST

    Boot SequenceBoot Sequence Video and System BIOS ShadowVideo and System BIOS Shadow

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    CMOS Setup Power MenuCMOS Setup Power Menu

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    CMOS Setup Boot MenuCMOS Setup Boot Menu

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    CMOS Setup Exit MenuCMOS Setup Exit Menu

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    Battery Power to CMOSBattery Power to CMOS

    MemoryMemory Types ofCMOS batteriesTypes ofCMOS batteries

    3.6V lithium battery with a four3.6V lithium battery with a four--pinpinconnector; connects with a Velcro stripconnector; connects with a Velcro strip

    4.5V alkaline battery with a four4.5V alkaline battery with a four--pinpinconnector; connects with a Velcro stripconnector; connects with a Velcro strip

    3.6V barrel3.6V barrel--style battery with a twostyle battery with a two--pinpinconnector; soldered onconnector; soldered on

    3V lithium coin3V lithium coin--cell batterycell battery CR 2032CR 2032(most common)(most common)

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    Losing CMOS Settings

    CMOS needs a continuous trickle charge toretain its data

    Motherboards use some type of battery,usually a coin battery like those used inwrist watches, to give the CMOS the chargeit needs when the computer is turned off

    This battery also keeps track of the dateand time when the PC is turned off

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    CMOS BatteryCMOS Battery

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    Losing CMOS Settings

    Few examples of errors that point tolostCMOS information:

    CMOS configuration mismatch

    CMOS date/time not set

    No boot device available

    CMOS battery state low

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    Reasons For Losing CMOS

    Settings Common reasons for losing CMOS data:

    Pulling and inserting cards

    Touching the motherboard

    Dropping something on the motherboard

    Dirt on the motherboard

    Faulty power supplies

    Electrical surges Chip creepPCs run, the components inside get warm. When a PC is turned off, thecomponents cool off. This cycling of hot and cold causes the chips toexpand and contract in their mounts. While the chip designers accountfor this, insome extreme cases this thermal expansion and contraction

    will cause a chip to work out of its mount and cause a failure calledchipcreep

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    Clearing CMOS

    Whensomeone sets a CMOS passwordand then forgets the password

    All motherboards have a clear CMOSjumper


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