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Abstract

The Muslims endeavoured to survive their civilization, culture

and religion in subcontinent at the time of British rule. Because after

political dominance, one aim of the British was to disseminate

western science, culture, and civilization in subcontinent. Thereafter,

a debate among Muslim scholars started that either to accept all this

or start a new age with their own culture, sciences and civilization.

Therefore, three main school of thought came into exist, one group

was in favour of British and had opinion to get western science and

collaborate with British for the development of subcontinent. While

the second group thought, no need to adopt the western science and

they were also against the western culture and civilization. The third

school of thought gave a point of view that Muslims should develop

their nation and get western knowledge but without demolishing their

religious and cultural identity. Practically, the third school of thought

remained successful because they had a vision of contemporary and

future era. This group was in line with Islamic teachings and

8ZÝXe~e°Ô‚—6,Z�g^l%ExZsðÔ·YZ−+i™c*-Eg;ÔMy *

Zk6,zW%ExZsðÔ·YZ−+i™c*-Eg;ÔMy **

moderate thought had got a success and appreciation from the

society.

Keywords: Islamic civilization and culture, modern sciences, Allama

Muhmmad Iqbal, Indian independence movement, Educational and

Economical devalopment

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