Contentsmirror.chemwatch.net/bulletin/2012/12/071212/121207-Bulletin.pdf · Caffeine’s effect On the Brain’s Adenosine Receptors Visualised ... tea, coffee and pawpaw will no

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While Chemwatch has taken all efforts to ensure the accuracy of information in this publication it is not intended to be comprehensive or to render advice Websites rendered are subject to change

Copyright Chemwatch 2012 copy 1

DeC 07 2012

Contents(click on page numbers for links)

LeGiSLATiON

ASiA PACiFiCDiuron product registrations affirmed with significant use changes 3Consultation forecast 42012-12-03 4Bill to ban smoking at outdoor dining and drinking venues to be introduced to Parliament 10

AMeRiCAePA Temporarily Suspends BP from New Contracts 11Solar Radiation Database Updated by NReL 11ePA Recommends New Recreational Water Quality Criteria to Better Protect Health 12OSHA issues new fact sheet on importance and necessity of providing and using proper personal protective equipment during Sandy cleanup 13

eUROPeStrategy to Better Protect Public Health by Strengthening and Rationalising eU Pharmacovigilance 15Public consultation on phasing-in requirements on a black symbol identifying medicinal products subject to additional monitoring 16Allergy findings not sufficient for banning luxury perfumes eU says 16

ReACH UPdATeUpdated Practical Guide 3 How to report robust study summaries 18eCHA launches a new web form for notifying SVHCs in articles 18Updated Guidance published ndash Qualitative Risk Characterisation for Human Health 19

JANeTrsquoS CORNeRWhy engineers Donrsquot Write Recipe Books 20

DeC 07 2012

ContentsHAzARd ALeRT

Bromoform 21

GOSSiPRacial Differences exist in the Link Between Consumption of Meat and Breast Cancer Risk Research Shows 26Caffeinersquos effect On the Brainrsquos Adenosine Receptors Visualised for the First Time 27Higher PFCs when pregnant linked to smaller daughters at birth28Cadmium exposure in the womb linked to lower IQ scores in 5-year-olds 31Carbon Dioxide Could Prevent a Future Ice Age 33Sugary Approach Discovered to Help Metal Casting Production 34Autoimmune trigger explained 35Spray-resistant insect gene found 36Iron omega-3s tied to different effects on kidsrsquo brains 37Head Injury and Pesticide exposure Leads to Triple the Risk of Parkinsonrsquos Disease 39How Chronic Inflammation Can Cause Cancer 40High exposure to Food-Borne Toxins Preschool Children Particularly Vulnerable to Compounds Linked to Cancer Other Conditions 41Baiting Mosquitoes With Knowledge and Proven Insecticides 44

TeCHNiCAL NOTeSeNVIRONMeNTAL 45MeDICAL 45OCCUPATIONAL45PUBLIC HeALTH 46SAFeTY 46

DeC 07 2012

The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) recently announced the outcomes of its review of diuron a herbicide used for the control of agricultural weeds and weeds and algae in and around water bodies

ASiA PACiFiC

diuron product registrations affirmed with significant use changes2012-12-03The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) recently announced the outcomes of its review of diuron a herbicide used for the control of agricultural weeds and weeds and algae in and around water bodies ldquoTodayrsquos announcement affirming the registration of most diuron products but with significant changes to their conditions of use will bring much-needed certainty to users of these productsrdquo said APVMA spokesperson Ms Susan Whitbread ldquoThe restrictions wersquove put in place are very specific for individual crops and in the case of sugarcane and pineapple additional seasonal lsquono-spray windowsrsquo apply ldquoWhile the overall changes are complex the APVMA has taken a very pragmatic and tailored approach to local use and conditions We have made a considerable effort to develop workable instructions for the continued use of diuron while ensuring we can effectively manage risks from the use of this environmentally mobile and persistent chemical ldquoSome uses including industrial applications and use in non-agricultural situations citrus apples and pears ornamental plants and tropical crops such as tea coffee and pawpaw will no longer be approved ldquoOther uses have been restricted significantly including reduced rates of application application on relatively flat land no spraying when heavy or persistent rain is forecast and spray drift buffer zones There are further restrictions for higher levels of application on sugarcane and pineapples through the use of region and season specific lsquono-spray windowsrsquordquo said Ms Whitbread The APVMArsquos review of diuron commenced in 2002 because of environmental and human health concerns particularly the potential for diuron to contaminate waterways through agricultural runoff On 28 November 2011 the APVMA suspended the registration of selected diuron productsmdashlimiting diuron use across Australia including a lsquono spray windowrsquo on a range of tropical crops such as sugarcane tea bananas pineapples coffee and pawpawmdashwhile it considered further information and submissions to the review ldquoTo ensure an orderly phasing in of the new arrangements the APVMA has issued a permit for 12 months to cover existing stock in the supply chain This stock can continue to be used in accordance with the arrangements established under the suspension including a wet season lsquono-spray window for some tropical cropsrsquordquo said Ms Whitbread In September 2012 the APVMA published a Diuron Review

Legislation

DeC 07 2012

LegislationFindings Report and following industry feedback has now finalised the review Further information is available at

bull Diuron reviewbull Frequently asked questions about the diuron reviewbull View the lists of approved uses uses not approved and amended label

restraintsAPVMA 28 November 2012

httpwwwapvmagovau

Consultation forecast

2012-12-03The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) have released a consultation forecast which provides an indication of the major consultations scheduled by the agency for release during the next 12 months In some cases on minor issues consultations with stakeholders may be discretionary and may not be included in the forecast The forecast will be updated periodically

Commencing October 2012 - March 2013

The following consultations are expected to commence between October 2012 and March 2013

Area Title and description References Status

Advertising Reform of advertising for therapeutic productsConsultation on proposal for the future regulatory framework for the advertising of therapeutic products

Implementation plan for TGA Reforms A blueprint for TGArsquos future - recommendations relating to advertising of therapeutic products

Upcoming

DeC 07 2012

LegislationArea Title and

description References Status

ANZTPA ANZTPA - common regulatory frameworkConsultation on the development of a common regulatory framework for the new Australia New Zealand Therapeutic Products Agency

Australia New Zealand Therapeutic Products Agency (ANZTPA) fact sheet June 2011

Upcoming

ANZTPA ANZTPA - Trans-Tasman early warning system for investigationsConsultation on the development of a trans-Tasman early warning system for advising the public of investigations into potential safety risks associated with medicines and medical devices

Report of the Review to improve the transparency of the Therapeutic Goods Administration Recommendation 16 June 2011Australia New Zealand Therapeutic Products Agency (ANZTPA) fact sheet June 2011early warning of safety issues with therapeutic products August 2012

Upcoming

DeC 07 2012

Complementary medicines

Reforms to the regulation of complementary medicinesConsultation on the implementation of the 5 recommendations for reform to the regulation of complementary medicines made in the Australian National Audit Office reviewThis includesan update of the Australian Regulatory Guidelines for Complementary Medicines (ARGCM)consultation on the document lsquoevidence required to support indications for listed medicines (excluding sunscreens and disinfectants)rsquoimplementation of the lsquocoded indicationsrsquo project to limit the use of inappropriate claims and indications on the ARTG

Australian National Audit Office audit review of therapeutic goods regulation complementary medicines August 2011Implementation plan for TGA Reforms A blueprint for TGArsquos future - recommendations relating to complementary medicines July 2012

Upcoming

DeC 07 2012

Medical devices Reforms to the regulation of medical devicesConsultation on proposals for reform of the regulation of medical devices includingthe use of third party assessment bodies for Australian manufacturersincreasing pre-market scrutiny for implantable medical devicesrecognition of third party assessment bodiesamendments to the way in which a kind of medical device is included in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG)publication of device product information on the TGA website

Consultation Reforms in the medical devices regulatory framework November 2010Implementation plan for TGA Reforms A blueprint for TGArsquos future - recommendations relating to medical devices July 2012

Upcoming

Medicines extemporaneous compoundingConsultation on a new regulatory framework to improve the safe and quality manufacture of extemporaneous preparations

Upcoming

DeC 07 2012

Prescription medicines

Business process review minor variations to prescription medicinesConsultation on updates to appendices 12 and 13 of the Australian Regulatory Guidelines for Prescription Medicines (ARGPM) and new application forms for making minor variations to prescription medicines

Business process review minor variations to prescription medicines - for sponsors October 2012

Upcoming

OTC medicines Business process reform of the regulation of over-the-counter (OTC) medicinesConsultation on the TGArsquos plan to improve the efficiency consistency and predictability of timeframes for pre-market assessment of OTC medicines and the regulation of these products according to identified risks

Consultation Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines business process reform September 2012

Closed

Commencing April - June 2013

The following consultations are expected to commence between April and June 2013

DeC 07 2012

All early post marketing risk communication schemeConsultation on the adoption of an early post marketing system to increase awareness of products recently registered for the Australian market

Report of the Review to improve the transparency of the Therapeutic Goods Administration Recommendation 15

Upcoming

Medicines Review of labelling and packaging of medicinesSecond round of consultation on revised labelling and packaging requirements for medicines to improve consumer safety and the quality use of medicines

Report of the Review to improve the transparency of the Therapeutic Goods Administration Recommendation 14 June 2011TGA medicine labelling and packaging review (previous round of consultation) May 2012

Upcoming

Medicines Access to Product Information (PI) and Consumer Medicines information (CMI)Consultation on the development of proposals to improve access to and the currency of PI and CMI and improving TGA partnerships in the quality use of medicines

Upcoming

To be informed of when the table is updated and to be notified when the TGA is calling for input to its consultations please subscribe to the TGA

DeC 07 2012

if passed the leg-islation would ban smoking in outdoor dining and drinking areas within 10 me-tres of playgrounds within 4 metres of public transport stops and at sports events

Legislationconsultations email list TGA welcome feedback on the forecast via email at TGA external Relations

TGA 30 November 2012

httpwwwtgagovau

Bill to ban smoking at outdoor dining and drinking venues to be introduced to Parliament2012-12-03A Bill to ban smoking at outdoor dining and drinking venues is being introduced to Victorian Parliament by the Greens Pressure is mounting on the State Government to back the ban which is supported by Victoriarsquos peak health organisations and which would bring Victoria into line with all other states If passed the legislation would ban smoking in outdoor dining and drinking areas within 10 metres of playgrounds within 4 metres of public transport stops and at sports events Greens MLC Colleen Hartland will introduce the Bill to Parliament for its second reading and it is due to be debated in February ldquoI donrsquot understand what is causing the Government to drag its feet on thisrdquo Ms Hartland said ldquoQueensland has had this legislation since 2006 and they actually found the number of diners went up rather than (the law causing) a decrease in customers For every trader who tells you this is going to be the end of the world yoursquoll have two others saying lsquoThis is going to improve my businessrsquordquo The Australian Medical Association the Heart Foundation Quit and the Cancer Council as well as the Municipal Association of Victoria support the proposed bans A spokesman for Minister for Health David Davis would not comment on whether the Government would support the Bill saying it was considering ldquofurther options for regulatory reform in consultation with key stakeholdersrdquo Quit executive director Fiona Sharkie said ldquoWe know 70 per cent of Victorians support this ban And with summer coming on this support will increase because people want to be smoke-free in these outdoor placesrdquo

Herald Sun 27 November 2012

httpwwwnewscomauheraldsun

DeC 07 2012

The United States environmental Protec-tion Agency (ePA) announced recently that it has temporarily suspended BP explo-ration and Production inc BP PLC and named affiliated com-panies (BP) from new contracts with the federal government

LegislationAMeRiCA

ePA Temporarily Suspends BP from New Contracts2012-12-03The United States environmental Protection Agency (ePA) announced recently that it has temporarily suspended BP exploration and Production Inc BP PLC and named affiliated companies (BP) from new contracts with the federal government ePA has decided to temporarily suspend BP due to the companyrsquos lack of business integrity in regards to the companyrsquos conduct with the Deepwater Horizon blowout explosion oil spill and response which was shown by the filing of criminal information The Deepwater Horizon catastrophe killed 11 people and created the largest environmental disaster in US history On 15 November 2012 BP agreed to plead guilty to eleven counts of Misconduct or Neglect of Ship Officers one count of Obstruction of Congress one misdemeanour count of a violation of the Clean Water Act and one misdemeanour count of a violation of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act all of which arose from the companyrsquos actions leading to the Deepwater Horizon disaster ePA was the lead agency for suspension and debarment during the Deepwater Horizon investigation Federal executive branch agencies take these actions to ensure the integrity of Federal programs by conducting business only with responsible individuals or companies Suspensions are a standard practice when a responsibility question is raised by action in a criminal case The suspension will temporarily prevent BP and the named affiliates from getting new federal government grants contracts or any other transactions until the company can furnish sufficient evidence that demonstrates the company meets Federal business standards to ePA existing agreements between BP and the government are not affected by the suspension

environmental Protection News 28 November 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

Solar Radiation database Updated by NReL2012-12-03The United States Department of energyrsquos (DOe) National Renewable energy Laboratory (NReL) and collaborators released a 20-year updated version of the US National Solar Radiation Database a web-based technical report that provides critical information about solar and meteorological data for 1454 locations in the US and its territories The

DeC 07 2012

The US environmen-tal Protection Agency (ePA) has recommend-ed new recreational water quality criteria for states that will help protect peoplesrsquo health during visits to beaches and waters year round

Legislationupdated Solar Radiation Database covers 1991-2010 and includes data from 2006-2010 for the first time The database features improved cloud algorithms for modelling solar radiation data and an improved State University of New York (SUNY) model for gridded data based on satellite observations The National Solar Radiation Database (NSRD) provides solar resource information to industry in support of central solar power plant and distributed rooftop feasibility studies economic analyses and research In addition the database underlies other industry data and tools including NReLrsquos Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) data sets PVWatts calculator Solar Power Prospector and System Advisor Model (SAM) The NSRDB solar data fields include global horizontal direct normal and diffuse horizontal irradiance The NSRDB also features a 20-year summary with statistics (monthlyannual diurnal and persistence) for the 860 serially complete stations NReL has applied uncertainty estimates to each hourly data record to help users determine the suitability of data for each application Station data are broadly classified based on uncertainty as Class I II and III The first two classifications segregate serially complete stations by data of higher and lower quality respectively Class III stations have data gaps in the period of record yet hold enough data in the time series to support many applications

httpwwweponlinecom

ePA Recommends New Recreational Water Quality Criteria to Better Protect Health2012-12-03Pursuant to an order from a United States District Court and as required by the Beaches environmental Assessment and Coastal Health Act of 2000 the US environmental Protection Agency (ePA) has recommended new recreational water quality criteria for states that will help protect peoplesrsquo health during visits to beaches and waters year round The science-based criteria provide information to help states improve public health protection by addressing a broader range of illness symptoms better accounting for pollution after heavy rainfall providing more protective recommendations for coastal waters encouraging early alerts to beachgoers and promoting rapid water testing The recently released criteria do not impose any new requirements instead they are a tool that states can choose to use in setting their own standards The criteria provide states and communities with the most up to date science and information that they can use to determine whether water quality is safe

DeC 07 2012

The United States department of Laborrsquos Occupational Safety and Health Adminis-tration has issued a new fact sheet high-lighting the need for employers to provide their workers with appropriate personal protective equipment and the training during Hurricane Sandy clean up work

Legislationfor the public and when to issue an advisory or a beach closure ePA has provided a variety of other tools to help states evaluate and manage recreational waters The new criteria are based on several recent health studies and use a broader definition of illness to recognise that symptoms may occur without a fever including a number of stomach ailments In addition ePA narrowed from 90 days to 30 days the time period over which the results of monitoring samples may be averaged This produces a more accurate picture of the water quality for that given time allowing for improved notification time about water quality to the public This shortened time period especially accounts for heavy rainfall that can wash pollution into rivers lakes or the ocean or cause sewer overflows

The strengthened recommendations include

bull A short-term and long-term measure of bacteria levels that are to be used together to ensure that water quality is properly evaluated

bull Stronger recommendations for coastal water quality so public health is protected similarly in both coastal and fresh waters

bull A new rapid testing method that states can use to determine if water quality is safe within hours of water samples being taken

bull An early-alert approach for states to use to quickly issue swimming advisories for the public

bull Tools that allow states to predict water quality problems and identify sources of pollution as well as to develop criteria for specific beaches

Further information on the new requirements is available at httpwaterepagovscitechswguidancestandardscriteriahealthrecreationindexcfm

US ePA 26 November 2012

httpwwwepagov

OSHA issues new fact sheet on importance and necessity of providing and using proper personal protective equipment during Sandy cleanup2012-12-03As part of its ongoing efforts to educate workers and employers about hazards associated with cleanup work in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy the United States Department of Laborrsquos Occupational Safety and Health Administration has issued a new fact sheet highlighting the need for employers to provide their workers with appropriate personal

DeC 07 2012

Legislationprotective equipment and the training to properly use that equipment ldquoWorkers engaged in hurricane response and cleanup activities can be exposed to a variety of hazards No worker should be sickened or injured while performing this vital workrdquo said Robert Kulick OSHArsquos regional administrator in New York ldquoThis fact sheet summarises the various types of personal protective equipment and the work situations in which it is necessary and required to safeguard workers against injury and illnessrdquo The new fact sheet is available at httpwwwoshagovPublicationsOSHA-FS-3612pdf

To eliminate or minimise hazards employers must assess each site and operation individually to determine actual or potential hazards based on site-specific conditions implement appropriate controls to protect workers from those hazards and train workers to recognise hazards and take necessary precautions While engineering controls are the preferred method for addressing hazards there are many cases in which PPe may be the only practical control method All personal protective equipment has limitations and is the control method of last resort Workers using PPe must be trained to recognise these limitations as well as how to put on and remove PPe properly store it take care of it and know when it is time to replace it A basic safety ensemble for cleanup activities includes a hard hat safety glasses a reflective vest gloves and steel-toed work boots Add impervious gloves and boots for work in wet environments appropriate respiratory protection where needed fall protection when working over 6 feet and hearing protection for noisy environments Proper hygiene and sanitation are essential for minimising the spread of contaminants and disease Hand-washing is a critical component of good hygiene In the absence of suitable facilities workers should be provided with hand sanitiser Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 employers are responsible for providing safe and healthful workplaces for their employees OSHArsquos role is to ensure these conditions for Americarsquos workingmen and women by setting and enforcing standards and providing training education and assistance In the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy OSHA has been conducting daily briefings interventions and other outreach activities to provide cleanup workers and employers with safety and health information and identify and remove employees from hazards To date OSHA has conducted more than 7000 briefings reaching approximately 45000 workers and employers performing recovery work in Sandy-impacted areas Additional guidance fact sheets and other resources can be found on OSHArsquos Hurricane Sandy Web page at httpwwwoshagovsandy Another source of information is the resource Web

DeC 07 2012

Post-authorisation efficacy studies are studies that are undertaken after a medicine has been authorised with the purpose of providing more information on the efficacy of the product within the au-thorised indications

Legislationpage maintained by the National Institute for environmental Safety and Health at httptoolsniehsnihgovwetpindexcfmid=2472

Occupational Safety amp Health Administration 29 November 2012

ltahref=rdquohttpwwwoshagovrdquogthttpwwwoshagov

eUROPe

Strategy to Better Protect Public Health by Strengthening and Rationalising eU Pharmacovigilance2012-12-03Post-authorisation efficacy studies are studies that are undertaken after a medicine has been authorised with the purpose of providing more information on the efficacy of the product within the authorised indications Those studies are not an entirely new feature already now post-authorisation efficacy studies may be conducted However with the new pharmacovigilance legislation those studies are formally recognised It is clarified that marketing authorisation holders can be obliged to conduct such studies by imposing that obligation as a condition to the marketing authorisation Moreover competent authorities may require the performance of such studies even post-authorisation if new scientific evidence indicates that previous efficacy evaluations might have to be revised significantly In this context the Commission is empowered to adopt a delegated act laying down the situations in which post-authorisation efficacy studies may be required In order to further explore the added-value and the content of such an act the Commission has prepared a reflection paper which is now being rolled out for public consultation with a view of receiving feedback from stakeholders on this issue The period of consultation ends on 18 February 2013 All citizens and organisations (public and private) are invited to comment For more information on how to contribute please read the reflection paper httpeceuropaeuhealthfilespharmacovigilance2012_11_28_pc_paespdfthe reflection paper(64 KB)

Those comments received will be published on the Internet

europa 28 November 2012

httpeceuropaeuhealthfilespharmacovigilance2012_11_09_pb__blackpdf

DeC 07 2012

Under the new pharmacovigilance provisions some medicinal products for human use are authorised subject to additional monitoring for reasons of their specific safety profile

LegislationPublic consultation on phasing-in requirements on a black symbol identifying medicinal products subject to additional monitoring2012-12-03Under the new pharmacovigilance provisions some medicinal products for human use are authorised subject to additional monitoring for reasons of their specific safety profile Those products have to bear a black symbol which shall be selected by the Commission by July 2013 at the latest In the context of selecting the symbol the Commission is currently considering the need for phasing-in arrangements for the inclusion of the symbol in the summary of product characteristics and the package leaflet of all products concerned This concept paper is being rolled out for public consultation with a view of receiving feedback from stakeholders on this issue The period of consultation ends on 10 January 2013 All citizens and organisations (public and private) are welcome to contribute to this consultation A copy of the consultation paper is available at httpeceuropaeuhealthfilespharmacovigilance2012_11_09_pb__blackpdf

Allergy findings not sufficient for banning luxury perfumes eU says2012-12-03The european Union has no intention of imposing a ban on Chanelrsquos No 5 perfume a european Commission spokesman has said after a study recommended that tree moss used in the famous luxury perfume should be banned because of potential allergic reactions Hundreds of fragrances would have to be reformulated if the eU executive body would decide to turn into law the recommendations issued in June by the advisory Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety The scientific committee recently recommended restricting the concentration of 12 substances - including citral found in lemon and tangerine oils coumarin found in tropical tonka beans and eugenol found in rose oil - to 001 of the finished product The ingredients are ldquothe spine of about 90 of fine fragrancesrdquo said Pierre Sivac chairman of the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) whose members include Americarsquos International Flavours amp Fragrances and Switzerlandrsquos Givaudan The committee proposed an outright ban on tree moss and oak moss which provides

DeC 07 2012

Legislationdistinctive woody scent in Chanelrsquos No5 and Diorrsquos Miss Dior and many Guerlain scents The committee estimates that 1-3 of people in europe are allergic or potentially allergic to ingredients found in perfumes This is a number it considers to be ldquohigh enoughrdquo to justify concern Responding to press reports eU commission spokesman for health and consumer policy Freacutedeacuteric Vincent insisted on 2 November it was ldquofalse to say that the european Commission wants to ban Chanel 5rdquo ldquoWe are still a long way from considering changes to the legislationrdquo he said Vincent added that the eU had begun consultations with the industry and consumer groups in August on the findings and their potential impact ldquoPerfume and cosmetic makers know what we are doing The legislative process has not begun and it will not be for tomorrowrdquo he said Big luxury groups such as LVMH which owns Dior and Guerlain would feel the impact of a potential eU ban on the substances However it would also affect hundreds of small plant growers around the world ldquoIt is essential to preserve europersquos olfactory cultural heritagerdquo LVMH said in an emailed statement adding nonetheless the well being of consumers was a ldquomajor concernrdquo Companies say the scents of leading brands would never smell the same The perfume-creators would also be left with a much smaller palette of ingredients in the future ldquoIt would be the end of beautiful perfumes if we could not use these ingredientsrdquo Franccediloise Montenay non-executive chairwoman of Chanel told Reuters Trade associations such as the IFRA and Cosmetics europe whose members are perfume and cosmetics companies including LVMH are aiming at submitting a joint industry proposal to the Commission by the end of 2012

euractiv 6 November 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

The european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) has published an update to the Practical Guide 3 How to report robust study summaries

Updated Practical Guide 3 How to report robust study summaries2012-12-03The european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) has published an update to the Practical Guide 3 How to report robust study summaries Section three for physicochemical endpoints of the Practical Guide was modified to reflect the updated sub-chapter R71 Physicochemical properties within the Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R7a endpoint specific guidance Sections four and five for the environmental and human health endpoints of the Practical Guide were updated with new and revised OeCD Test Guidelines (TG) eg OeCD TG 305 Bioaccumulation in Fish Aqueous and Dietary exposure OeCD TG 443 extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study and OeCD TG 405 Acute eye IrritationCorrosion A copy of the updated practical guide is available at Practical guides

eCHA 22 November 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

eCHA launches a new web form for notifying SVHCs in articles2012-12-03The european Chemical Agency (eCHA) has announced that eU Producers and importers of articles can now submit notifications for substances in articles using an online web form available on the eCHA website The new notification tool is easy and intuitive to use To complete the web form notifiers need to provide a ReACH-IT account number which can be obtained by signing up with ReACH-IT Under certain conditions importers and producers of articles have to submit notifications of substances in articles to eCHA six months after the inclusion of the substance on the Candidate List The 13 substances that were added to the Candidate List on 18 June 2012 thus have to be notified to eCHA by 18 December 2012 Information on the legal requirements and other supporting information can be found on the substances in articles notification page under ldquoRegulationsCandidate List substances in articlesrdquo For notifiers who prefer preparing the notification using IUCLID the option is still possible Further information is available at

bull Substances in articles notification requirementbull Substances in articles notification submissions

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

The european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) has published an update to the Guidance on informa-tion requirements and chemical safety assessment (iRampCSA) - Part e Risk Characterisation regarding qualitative risk characterisation for health hazards

REACH Updatebull Substance in Articles notification web formeCHA 23 November 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

Updated Guidance published ndash Qualitative Risk Characterisation for Human Health2012-12-03The european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) has published an update to the Guidance on Information requirements and chemical safety assessment (IRampCSA) - Part e Risk Characterisation regarding qualitative risk characterisation for health hazards The scope of this consultation on the update of Part e of the Guidance on IRampCSA concerned sections related to qualitative risk characterisation for human health and in particular table e3-1 which makes suggestions for how to do a qualitative risk characterisation when a quantitative risk characterisation is not possible The resulting update includes the addition of an entry to also allow decision-making based on CLP hazard statements (instead of only based on the previous Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) risk phrases) It also introduces new entries for the hazard class Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single exposure (STOT-Se) This class was not included in the previous version The update results from a regular guidance consultation process Additionally sections of Part e outside the scope of the consultation have been updated via a corrigendum covering mainly two topics

bull replacement of references to the DSD by references to the CLP Regulation

bull addition of two footnotes to ensure consistency with the new Appendices on ldquorecommendations for nanomaterialsrdquo published earlier in 2012

A copy of the updated guidance is available at Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Why engineers donrsquot Write Recipe Books2012-11-30Chocolate Chip Cookies

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

3 49 cm3 refined halite

4 2366 cm3 partially hydrogenated tallow triglyceride

5 17745 cm3 crystalline C12H22O11

6 17745 cm3 unrefined C12H22O11

7 49 cm3 methyl ether of protocatechuic aldehyde

8 Two calcium carbonate-encapsulated avian albumen-coated protein

9 4732 cm3 theobroma cacao

10 2366 cm3 de-encapsulated legume meats (sieve size 10)

To a 2-L jacketed round reactor vessel (reactor 1) with an overall heat transfer coefficient of about 100 BtuF-ft2-hr add ingredients one two and three with constant agitation In a second 2-L reactor vessel with a radial flow impeller operating at 100 rpm add ingredients four five six and seven until the mixture is homogenous To reactor 2 add ingredient eight followed by three equal volumes of the homogenous mixture in reactor 1 Additionally add ingredient nine and ten slowly with constant agitation Care must be taken at this point in the reaction to control any temperature rise that may be the result of an exothermic reaction

Using a screw extrude attached to a 4 noduliser place the mixture piece-meal on a 316SS sheet (300 x 600 mm) Heat in a 460K oven for a period of time that is in agreement with Frank amp Johnstonrsquos first order rate expression (see JACOS 21 55) or until golden brown Once the reaction is complete place the sheet on a 25C heat-transfer table allowing the product to come to equilibrium

Aha Jokes

httpwwwahajokescomfoo012html

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

Bromoform (CHBr3) is a pale yellowish liquid with a sweet odour similar to chloroform

Bromoform2012-11-13Bromoform (CHBr3) is a pale yellowish liquid with a sweet odour similar to chloroform It is a halomethane or haloform with a refractive index of 1595 (20degC D) Phytoplankton and seaweeds in the ocean produce bromoform naturally and this is thought to be the predominant source to the environment However locally significant amounts of bromoform enter the environment formed as disinfection by-products known as the trihalomethanes when chlorine is added to drinking water to kill bacteria It is somewhat soluble in water and readily evaporates into the air [1]

USeS [2]

Bromoform is used in geological assaying as a heavy liquid for mineral ore separations based on differences in specific gravity It is used in the electronics industry in quality assurance programs Bromoform has been used as a catalyst initiator or sensitiser in polymer reactions and in the vulcanisation of rubber As a solvent bromoform has been used for waxes greases and oils as well as for liquid-solvent extractions and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies Former uses of bromoform include a fire-resistant chemical ingredient a gauge fluid ingredient an intermediate in chemical syntheses and a sedative and antitussive agent

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Bromoform enter the environment through the disposal of water that has been disinfected with chlorine or as vapours emitted from chlorinated water These chemicals are also made naturally by plant-like organisms called algae that are found in the oceans Some part of bromoform that enters the air is removed by rain What is left in the air takes about 1-2 months for half of it to degrade In water bromoform is slowly broken down at the water surface where oxygen is available but break down much faster in deep water and in water that is underground where there is a lot less oxygen Bromoform is mobile in soils and may seep into groundwater Bromoform does not appear to concentrate in fish

SOURCeS amp ROUTeS OF exPOSURe

Sources of exposure [3]

The most likely way people are exposed to bromoform is by drinking chlorinated water You may also breathe vapours released from chlorinated

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

Hazard Alertwater in a swimming pool or during showering and bathing Very small amounts of bromoform may enter your body directly through your skin while bathing or swimming People that live near a waste site containing bromoform could be exposed by drinking contaminated groundwater or breathing vapours released to the air exposure could occur by breathing bromoform in the air in or near a laboratory or factory that makes or uses these chemicals however this is unlikely for most people

Routes of exposure [23]

bull Ingestionbull Inhalationbull Contact with skinbull Contact with eyes

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Human exposure to large amounts of bromoform through inhalation and oral exposure can result in unconsciousness Animal studies combined with limited observations in humans indicate that the principal adverse health effects associated with short-term inhalation or oral exposure to high levels of bromoform are CNS depression resulting in the slowing down of normal brain activities sedation narcosis and sleep and liver and kidney injury Tests involving acute exposure of rats have shown bromoform to have moderate toxicity from oral and inhalation exposures

Chronic effects

The long-term effects of exposure to bromoform in humans have not been studied Animal studies indicate effects on the liver kidney and CNS from chronic oral exposure to bromoform The Reference Dose (RfD) for bromoform is 002 milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (mgkgd) based on hepatic lesions in rats ePA has determined that there are insufficient data to calculate a Reference Concentration (RfC) for bromoform

Reproductivedevelopmental effects

No studies were located regarding developmental or reproductive effects in humans Animal studies indicate that oral exposure to bromoform does not cause developmental or reproductive effects

DeC 07 2012

Hazard AlertCancer Risk

The only available human cancer study suggested a positive correlation between levels of bromoform in drinking water and the incidence of several tumour types However this study was considered to be incomplete and preliminary because the study design did not permit consideration of variables such as personal habits residential histories and past exposures Animal studies have shown an increase in the incidences of liver and intestinal tumours following oral exposure to bromoform ePA considers bromoform to be a probable human carcinogen and has ranked it in ePArsquos Group B2

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

bull eye Contact Check for and remove any contact lenses Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes keeping eyelids open Cold water may be used WARM water MUST be used Get medical attention

bull Skin Contact In case of contact immediately flush skin with plenty of water Cover the irritated skin with an emollient Remove contaminated clothing and shoes Wash clothing before reuse Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse Get medical attention

bull Serious Skin Contact Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream Seek immediate medical attention

bull Inhalation If inhaled remove to fresh air If not breathing give artificial respiration If breathing is difficult give oxygen Get medical attention

bull Serious Inhalation evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible Loosen tight clothing such as a collar tie belt or waistband If breathing is difficult administer oxygen If the victim is not breathing perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation Seek medical attention

bull Ingestion Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person If large quantities of this material are swallowed call a physician immediately Loosen tight clothing such as a collar tie belt or waistband

DeC 07 2012

Hazard Alertexposure Controls amp Personal Protection

engineering Controls

Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapours below their respective threshold limit value

Personal Protection

The following personal protective equipment is recommended when handling bromoform

bull Splash gogglesbull Lab coatbull Vapour respirator (be sure to use an approvedcertified respirator or

equivalent)bull GlovesPersonal Protection in Case of a Large Spill

bull Splash gogglesbull Full suitbull Vapour respiratorbull Bootsbull Glovesbull A self-contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid

inhalation of the productbull Note Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient consult a

specialist BeFORe handling this product

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

bull OSHA The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PeL) is 05 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift

bull NIOSH The recommended airborne exposure limit (ReL) is 05 ppm averaged over a 10-hour workshift

bull ACGIH The threshold limit value (TLV) is 05 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift

DeC 07 2012

Hazard Alertbull The ePA recommends that drinking water contain no more than 07

parts per million (07 ppm)Australia

bull Safe work Australia Has established an 8 hour time weighted average of 05ppm and 52mgm3

bull The National Health amp Medical Research Council Has established a limit of 025mglitre of trihalomethanes in drinking water

ReFeReNCeS

1 httpenwikipediaorgwikiBromoform2 httpwwwatsdrcdcgovtoxprofilestp130-c5pdf3 httpnjgovhealtheohrtkwebdocumentsfs0262pdf4 httpwwwatsdrcdcgovPHSPHSaspid=711amptid=1285 httpwwwepagovttnatwhlthefbromoforhtml6 httpwwwsciencelabcommsdsphpmsdsId=99271097 httpwwwsafeworkaustraliagovausitesswasearchresultsaspxk8 httpwwwnhmrcgovau_files_nhmrcpublicationsattachments

eh52_aust_drinking_water_guidelines_update_120710_0pdf

DeC 07 2012

in a new study researchers from the Cancer institute of New Jersey in-vestigated how the consumption of meat impacts on the risk of developing breast cancer for African-American women

Racial differences exist in the Link Between Consumption of Meat and Breast Cancer Risk Research Shows2012-11-15In a new study researchers from the Cancer Institute of New Jersey investigated how the consumption of meat impacts on the risk of developing breast cancer for African-American women The study demonstrated that there is a difference when compared to Caucasian women The work will be presented as a scientific poster during the 2012 American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Annual Research Conference in Washington DC Previous research on meat intake and its relation to breast cancer risk has been limited to Caucasian women Using data from a new case-control study based at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey known as the Womenrsquos Circle of Health Study the researchers explored the association between meat consumption and breast cancer risk in African-American women Using a questionnaire focused on the frequency of food intake researchers examined 976 African-American and 873 Caucasian women with breast cancer and 1165 African-American and 865 Caucasian women without cancer The results indicated that Caucasian women in the group with the highest consumption appeared to have an increased breast cancer risk if they ate unprocessed red meat and poultry as compared to Caucasian women with the lowest intake Incremental increases in consumption (500 grams per week of all red meat and 200 grams per week of poultry) also seemed to increase breast cancer risk in this group Stronger estimates were noted for Caucasian women who were premenopausal In addition there was an elevated risk of oestrogen receptor positive and progesterone receptor positive tumours in Caucasian women related to a 500 gram per week increase in total red meat intake Poultry intake was associated with oestrogen receptor negative and progesterone receptor negative tumours In African-American women no clear association was detected between intake of any kind of meat and breast cancer risk There was only a suggestion of a reduction in risk of tumours that lacked oestrogen receptors and progesterone receptors for African-American women having a high intake of red meat ldquoThis research supports encouraging Caucasian women to limit their intake of both red meat and poultry in order to reduce their risk of breast cancer which is in line with the AICRrsquos recommendation of limiting red meat intake to less than 500 grams per week Being that this study may be one of the first to examine this association in African-American women results from this group are not conclusive and more

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

For the first time mo-lecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PeT) has enabled scientists to visualise binding sites of caffeine in the living human brain to explore possible positive and negative effects of caffeine consumption

Gossipinvestigation is needed to replicate these findingsrdquo noted lead author Urmila Chandran MA MPH PhD(C) a research teaching specialist at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey who was awarded an AICR Scholarship Award to present the work at the scientific conference Senior author elisa V Bandera MD PhD an epidemiologist at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey is the lead researcher on the Womenrsquos Circle of Health Study which separately aims to examine the impact of multiple risk factors on breast cancer in African-American women ldquoMost breast cancer studies have been conducted in Caucasian women Our study provides new information on the role consumption of animal foods play on breast cancer development in women of european and African ancestryrdquo noted Dr Bandera who is also an associate professor of epidemiology at RWJMS and UMDNJ-School of Public Health

Science Daily 1 November 2012

httpwwwsciencedailycom

Caffeinersquos effect On the Brainrsquos Adenosine Receptors Visualised for the First Time2012-11-15For the first time molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PeT) has enabled scientists to visualise binding sites of caffeine in the living human brain to explore possible positive and negative effects of caffeine consumption According to research published in the November issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine PeT imaging with F-18-8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-fluoropropyl)-1-propylxanthine (F-18-CPFPX) shows that repeated intake of caffeinated beverages throughout a day results in up to 50 percent occupancy of the brainrsquos A1 adenosine receptors ldquoThe effects of caffeine to the human body are generally attributed to the cerebral adenosine receptors In the human brain the A1 adenosine receptor is the most abundantrdquo said David elmenhorst MD lead author of the study ldquoIn vitro studies have shown that commonly consumed quantities of caffeine have led to a high A1 adenosine occupancy Our study aimed to measure the A1 adenosine receptor occupancy with in vivo imagingrdquo Fifteen male volunteers participated in the study They abstained from caffeine intake for 36 hours and then underwent a PeT scan with F-18-CPFPX Caffeine was then introduced in short intravenous infusions increasing in amount To estimate the occupancy of A1 adenosine receptors by caffeine the distribution volume at the baseline period of the PeT scan was compared with the distribution volume after caffeine administration Researchers determined that the concentration of the caffeine that displaces 50

DeC 07 2012

The results of a recent study have suggested that a pregnant womanrsquos exposure to chemicals that make consumer products stain and water resis-tant may affect the growth and weight of her daughter at birth and later in life as a toddler

Gossippercent of the binding of F-18-CPFPX to the A1 adenosine receptor was 13 mgL or approximately four to five cups of coffee An important finding of the study is that in most regular coffee drinkers about half of the A1 adenosine receptors may be occupied by caffeine It is likely that this blockage of a substantial amount of cerebral A1 adenosine receptors will result in adaptive changes and lead to chronic alterations of receptor express and availability ldquoThere is substantial evidence that caffeine is protective against neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinsonrsquos or Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo noted elmenhorst ldquoSeveral investigations show that moderate coffee consumption of 3 to 5 cups per day at mid-life is linked to a reduced risk of dementia in late life The present study provides evidence that typical caffeine doses result in a high A1 adenosine receptor occupancy and supports the view that the A1 adenosine receptor deserves broader attention in the context of neurodegenerative disordersrdquo Caffeine is the most commonly consumed psychoactive substance worldwide and an active ingredient in innumerable food and beverages eighty percent of US adults consume caffeine every day the average for adults is 200 mg of caffeine per day (two 5-ounce cups of coffee or four sodas) It affects an individualrsquos alertness attention cognitive performance as well as reduces sleepiness

Higher PFCs when pregnant linked to smaller daughters at birth2012-11-15The results of a recent study have suggested that a pregnant womanrsquos exposure to chemicals that make consumer products stain and water resistant may affect the growth and weight of her daughter at birth and later in life as a toddler The British study found that newborns whose mothers had higher levels of the polyfluoroalkyl compounds PFOS PFOA and PFHxS during pregnancy weighed between 3 and 5 ounces less than girls born to mothers with lower levels At 20 months the girls born to mothers with higher exposures to PFOS were heavier when compared to those with lower exposures Prior animal and human studies show similar trends Polyfluoroalkyl compounds ndash usually abbreviated as PFCs ndash are a group of compounds found in coatings and products that resist heat oil stains grease and water PFCs can be found in clothing furniture fast food packaging stain-resistant carpeting electrical wire (CDC) insulation and non-stick products ndash although cookware is not thought to be a major

DeC 07 2012

Gossipsource of exposure In addition they have been used in fire-fighting foams (ATDSR 2009) PFCs are a concern because they are extremely persistent in the environment contaminating wildlife and people Some PFCs may take years to leave the body (Olsen et al 2007) exposure to PFCs is widespread The main sources are contaminated water and food but people are also exposed through indoor air and dust (ATDSR 2009 Tittlemier et al 2007) PFCs have been detected in human serum cord blood and breast milk The most commonly studied PFCs include perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) Chemical companies began phasing out PFOS and PFOA in the last decade with a goal of global elimination by 2015 Yet consumer products can still have low levels of these PFCs as breakdown products or impurities Results from animal and limited human studies suggest that prenatal exposure to PFCs may adversely affect growth before and after birth In animals prenatal exposure to PFOS and PFOA has been associated with lower birth weights in the offspring (Hines et al 2009 Lau et al 2006 Luebker et al 2005 Wolf et al 2007) while prenatal exposure to PFOA has been linked to higher body weights in adult female offspring In humans prenatal exposure to PFOS and PFOA are linked to adverse birth outcomes such as decreased birth weight decreased head circumference and reduced birth length (Apelberg et al 2007 Stein et al 2009 Washino et al 2009) Not all prior studies agree Two studies failed to find a link between prenatal PFC exposure and birth weight (Hamm et al 2009 Nolan et al 2009) During the new study the researchers examined if pregnant womensrsquo exposure to three PFC compounds affected their daughtersrsquo growth before and after birth Researchers measured concentrations of three PFCs ndash PFOS PFOA and PFHxS ndash in 447 blood samples taken between 1991 and 1992 from pregnant women who lived in the county of Avon Great Britain The mother-daughter pairs were participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Medical records provided foetal growth information including birth weight length gestational age and ponderal index Health professionals measured the girlsrsquo weight and height during routine medical check-ups at approximately 2 9 and 20 months of age

The women self-reported behaviour and lifestyle factors during pregnancy Breastfeeding information was gathered in questionnaires when the girls were a month old Researchers categorised girls into one of three exposure groups based on maternal blood concentrations They compared foetal and postnatal growth in girls in the middle and highest exposure groups to girls in the lowest exposure group In their analysis researchers considered various factors that could affect the association

DeC 07 2012

Gossipamong the chemicals and prenatal and postnatal growth including gestational age the childrsquos breastfeeding history and the motherrsquos education pre-pregnancy body mass index smoking status during pregnancy and race All three compounds were detected in every blood sample analysed Median concentrations in blood samples were highest for PFOS (196 nanograms per millilitre ngmL) followed by PFOA (37 ngmL) and PFHxS (16 ngmL) For all three the girls whose mothers were in the highest exposure group weighed less at birth than those born to mothers in the lowest exposure group On average girls born to mothers with the highest exposure to PFOS (greater than 23 ngmL) weighed 49 ounces less at birth compared to girls born to mothers in the lowest PFOS exposure group (less than 166 ngmL) Girls born to mothers in the highest PFOA exposure group (greater than 44 ngmL) weighed about 47 ounces less than girls born to mothers in the lowest exposure group (less than 31 ngmL) Girls born to mothers in the highest PFHxS exposure group (more than 20 ngmL) weighed 38 ounces less than girls born to mothers in the lowest exposure group (less than 13 ngmL) High prenatal exposure to PFOS and PFHxS was also associated with decreased birth length Additionally researchers found that by 20 months of age girls in the highest PFOS exposure group were about 13 pounds heavier than girls in the lowest exposure group Weight changes at 20 months were not observed for PFOA and PFHxS Based on the findings from the study a pregnant womanrsquos exposure to chemicals associated with stain and water resistant coatings may influence her daughterrsquos growth and weight at birth and later in life as a toddler The findings show that girls whose mothers had higher levels of PFOS PFOA and PFHxS during pregnancy were 3 to 5 ounces smaller at birth than girls whose mothers had lower exposures At 20 months the girls whose mothers had higher exposures to PFOS were heavier when compared to those whose mothers had lower exposures Prior studies with animals and people show similar results The mothersrsquo blood concentrations for PFOS and PFOA were higher than those reported in previous studies on foetal growth conducted in Japan Canada and the United States but lower than those reported in a Danish study (Washino et al 2009 Hamm et al 2009 Apelberg et al 2007 Fei et al 2008 2007) In most of these studies samples were collected after the year 2000 According to the authors the maternal concentrations of PFCs in this study may be higher because samples were collected in the early 1990rsquos before some PFCs were voluntarily phased out so global production rates may have been greater than current rates Nonetheless most of these prior studies also reported associations with PFOS andor PFOA and adverse effects on foetal growth ndash decreased birth weight andor length (Apelberg et al 2007 Fei et al 2008 2007 Washino et al 2009) A

DeC 07 2012

A study from Ban-gladesh found that 5-year-olds who were exposed through their mothers to higher lev-els had iQs that were 2 to 3 points lower than less-exposed children

Gossiprecent study also reported an inverse association with prenatal exposure to PFHxS and birth weight (Lee et al 2012) Prenatal exposure to PFOS was associated with increased weight gain at 20 months It is not known whether the girls in this study continued to gain weight into adulthood A recent study reported a link between prenatal exposure to PFOA and an increased risk of being overweight or obese in 20-year-old women (Halldorsson et al 2012) Furthermore these findings are in line with one animal study that reported a link between prenatal PFOA exposure and obesity in adulthood (Hines et al 2009) Postnatal exposure to the compounds was not assessed so it is unclear whether exposure during early childhood could have played a role in the observed weight gain Future studies are needed to see if postnatal exposure to PFCs has similar effects as prenatal exposure

environmental Health News 7 November 2012

httpwwwenvironmentalhealthnewsorg

Cadmium exposure in the womb linked to lower iQ scores in 5-year-olds2012-11-15Prenatal exposures to the metal cadmium -- even at low levels common in most countries -- can have long-lasting effects on childrenrsquos IQ A study from Bangladesh found that 5-year-olds who were exposed through their mothers to higher levels had IQs that were 2 to 3 points lower than less-exposed children The new evidence suggests that even low-level exposures before birth may have continued effects on childrenrsquos brain function Children who had higher exposures to cadmium in the womb also had lower IQ scores when they were 5 years old reports a study from rural Bangladesh On average scores dropped by 2 to 3 points in children with the highest exposures when compared to those with the lowest exposures even small drops in IQ may affect a childrsquos ability to succeed at school and work later in life Lower IQrsquos across the population also have large impacts on society IQ is a measure of intelligence when compared to others in the same age group Genetics plays a big role in determining IQ but nutrition before and after birth is also important including the motherrsquos diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding Cadmium is a soft bluish-white metal found naturally at low levels in the air water and soil Manufacturers use it in a number of applications and processes including to make nickel cadmium batteries and solar panels to coat and plate metal and to stabilise plastics Cadmium is released from natural sources It is also emitted in car exhaust from burning industrial waste coal and

DeC 07 2012

Gossipoil during battery and paint manufacturing and from the hauling and disposing of waste When spread on fields fertilisers and sewage sludge contaminated with cadmium can increase levels in cropland soils Most people are exposed to cadmium through their diet Cadmium from the soil can accumulate in some foods such as spinach and other leafy greens rice and other cereals and potatoes It also can be found in seafood and organ meats In addition cadmium can concentrate in tobacco leaves exposing smokers and those around them to the toxic metal Cadmium is known to affect the development of the brain and nervous system Childhood exposures have been linked to mental retardation learning difficulties dyslexia poor hand-eye coordination lower IQ and behaviour problems in children However little is known about how pre-birth exposures to cadmium might affect a childrsquos long-term brain development It is important to understand because the developing foetal brain is extremely sensitive so even small exposures during pregnancy may have effects

During the present study the researchers measured cadmium levels in urine from 1305 women living in rural Bangladesh who were approximately eight weeks pregnant All of the babies were born in 2002 and 2003 The participants were part of a larger study looking at food and micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy When the children were 5 years old the researchers measured cadmium levels in their urine and gave standardised tests that measured verbal performance and full-scale intelligence quotient or IQ Child behaviour was assessed using a questionnaire The tests and questionnaire were adapted for use with Bangladeshi children Those with higher exposures were compared to those with lower exposures The researchers took into consideration socio-economic status and personal information including the quality of home stimulation maternal IQ and birth order While they found links to exposures before birth and at age 5 the childrenrsquos IQ was more strongly associated with pre-birth exposures than with childhood exposures When kids with the top 5 percent of cadmium exposures were compared to the lowest 5 percent full-scale IQ dropped by 27 points when pre-birth levels were compared and 17 points when childhood levels were compared The effects were slightly stronger in girls than boys and stronger in children from higher-income rather than lower-income families Children with higher cadmium levels in urine also had poorer behaviour compared to less-exposed kids Surprisingly cadmium had a larger effect on child IQ than arsenic another metal known to affect brain development and commonly found in the well water of the region studied The median cadmium level in the Bangladeshi mumsrsquo urine (063 micrograms per litre (μgL) was two to three times higher than levels found in Swedish (031

DeC 07 2012

According to research from the University of Gothenburg Sweden emissions of fossil car-bon and the resulting increase in tempera-ture could prevent the earth from having a future ice age

GossipμgL) and US women (021 μgL) On average a doubling of the cadmium levels in the mumsrsquo urine during pregnancy was associated with lower verbal IQ (a drop of 084 points) lower performance IQ (lowered by 064 points) and lower full-scale IQ (down by 080 points) in their children five years later Similar but weaker patterns were found for verbal and full-scale measures using the childrsquos cadmium levels at age 5 A rice-based diet is probably the main source of cadmium exposure in this study population Daily intake in the region ndash estimated at about 20 - 35 micrograms cadmium ndash is similar to vegetarian or rice-based diets in other countries but is lower than the expected exposures in Western countries with typically more mixed diets The findings suggest that early life exposures to cadmium at levels present in many countries may be harmful for brain development These results are provocative but need to be followed up in other study populations

environmental health News 9 November 2012

Carbon dioxide Could Prevent a Future ice Age2012-11-15According to research from the University of Gothenburg Sweden emissions of fossil carbon and the resulting increase in temperature could prevent the earth from having a future ice age Over the past three million years earth has experienced at least 30 periods of ice age known as ice age pulses The researchers believe that the Little Ice Age of the 16th to 18th centuries may have been halted as a result of human activity Increased felling of woodlands growing areas of agricultural land and early stages of industrialisation resulted in increased emissions of carbon dioxide which probably slowed down or even reversed the cooling trend ldquoIt is certainly possible that mankindrsquos various activities contributed towards extending our ice age interval by keeping carbon dioxide levels high enoughrdquo explains Lars Franzeacuten Professor of Physical Geography at the University of Gothenburg ldquoWithout the human impact the inevitable progression towards an ice age would have continued The spread of peatlands is an important factorrdquo Peatlands act as carbon sinks meaning that they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere Peatlands grow in height and spread across their surroundings by waterlogging woodlands They are also one of the biggest terrestrial sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide each year around 20 grams of carbon are absorbed by every square metre of peatland The relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature is not linear Instead lower levels result

DeC 07 2012

in a new study researchers from Oregon State Univer-sity have discovered that sugar can help reduce toxicity in the production of metal casting parts

Gossipin a greater degree of cooling than the degree of warming achieved by a corresponding increase Using calculations for Swedish conditions the researchers are producing a rough estimate of the global carbon sink effect if all temperate peatlands were to grow in the same way ldquoOur calculations show that the peatlands could contribute towards global cooling equivalent to five watts per square metre There is a great deal of evidence to suggest that we are near the end of the current interglacialrdquo said Franzeacuten

httpwwweponlinecom

Sugary Approach discovered to Help Metal Casting Production2012-11-15In a new study researchers from Oregon State University have discovered that sugar can help reduce toxicity in the production of metal casting parts Some modern technologies in the metal casting industry use various types of ldquobindersrdquo to essentially glue together sands and other materials to form sophisticated moulds Molten metals are injected into the moulds in order to create products with complex shapes existing approaches work but some materials used today can emit toxic fumes during the process experts in adhesion science in the OSU College of Forestry have discovered and applied for a patent on a new use of a compound that appears to also work surprisingly well for this purpose They say it should cost less than existing binders is completely renewable and should be environmentally benign ldquoWe were surprised that simple sugar could bind sand together so stronglyrdquo said Kaichang Li an OSU professor of wood science and engineering ldquoSugar and other carbohydrates are abundant inexpensive food-grade materials The binder systems wersquove developed should be much less expensive than existing sand binders and not have toxicity concernsrdquo Sugar is a highly water-soluble food ingredient as anyone knows who has ever put a teaspoon of it in a cup of coffee The OSU researchers discovered a novel way to make strong and moisture-resistant sand moulds with sugar An inaccurate reading of temperature in a baking oven helped lead to the important discovery they said This novel sand binder technology is ready for more applied research and testing they said and the university is seeking investors and industrial partners to commercialise it Private sector financing of OSU research has increased 42 percent in the past two years to $35 million as part of its increasing emphasis on universityindustry partnerships Sand-based mouldings

DeC 07 2012

A new study has shown that when infection is localised immune cells that incorrectly target the patientrsquos body can escape into the blood stream and trigger autoimmune disease

Gossipwhich comprise about 70 percent of all metal castings are used to make many metal products often from aluminium or cast iron but also from bronze copper tin and steel They are a major part of the automobile industry along with applications in plumbing materials mining railroad applications and many other areas Sugar and the other agricultural products used for this purpose should have no environmental drawbacks since they largely decompose into just carbon dioxide and water With the techniques developed at OSU the use of sugar as a binder allows the creation of sand moulds that gain strength rapidly and remain strong in high humidity environments which is necessary for their effective use in industrial applications

httpwwweponlinecom

Autoimmune trigger explained2012-11-15Australian scientists have confirmed a lsquoweak linkrsquo in the immune system ndash identifying the exact conditions under which an infection can trigger an autoantibody response a process not clearly understood until now it has been known for many years that autoimmune diseases such as rheumatic fever and Guillain-Barreacute syndrome (where the body makes antibodies that attack the heart and peripheral nerves respectively) can occur after the body makes immune responses against certain infectious micro-organisms However researchers have been unable to explain exactly how such examples of infection-driven autoimmunity occur nor why our bodies seem unable to prevent them Our immune cells such as the antibody-creating B cells go through processes when they are first formed that ensure they are able to identify our own bodies and therefore avoid self-attack These processes are generally reliable as they take place in a steady regulated way B cells go through a second and much more chaotic phase of development however when the body is fending off disease or infection In order to cope with the immeasurable range of microbes in our environment B cells have evolved the ability to mutate their antibody genes randomly until they produce one that sticks strongly to the invader At that point the lsquosuccessfulrsquo B cells proliferate and flood the system with these new antibodies This lsquohigh affinity antibodyrsquo generation occurs very rapidly within specialised environments in the lymph system known as lsquogerminal centresrsquo Most of the time germinal centres serve us well helping us fight disease and build up a protective armoury for the future Unfortunately the urgency and speed at which B

DeC 07 2012

Knowing the gene that causes fumigant resistance will help farmers identify the problem before an outbreak of resistant insects occurs and could lead to new fumigants or pest control methods

Gossipcells mutate within the germinal centre as well as the random nature of the process creates a unique problem Sometimes the antibody created to fight the invader or lsquoantigenrsquo also happens to match lsquoselfrsquo and has the potential to cause autoimmune attack Dr Tyani Chan and Associate Professor Robert Brink from Sydneyrsquos Garvan Institute of Medical Research developed sophisticated mouse models to investigate when and how this happens They demonstrated that when antigen is abundant and generally available throughout the body rogue autoantibody-generating B cells are deleted and autoimmunity avoided Conversely when target antigen is located only in a tissue or organ remote from the germinal centre B cells capable of reacting against both antigen and lsquoselfrsquo are able to escape the germinal centre and produce autoantibodies Their finding is published in the prestigious international journal Immunity ldquoessentially wersquove shown therersquos a big hole in self-tolerance when it comes to cross-reactive autoantibodies that can attack organ-specific targetsrdquo said Brink ldquoOur finding explains a lot about how autoimmune conditions that target particular organs such as the heart or nervous system could develop after an infection It also suggests that if you know enough about the disease and the molecular messaging systems involved it may be possible in future to modulate the germinal centre responserdquo The team will continue to use their new mouse model to study the various molecular reactions involved in the progression of an autoimmune response

Science Alert 12 November 2012

httpwwwsciencealertcomau

Spray-resistant insect gene found2012-11-15A new study published recently in the journal Science has identified the gene responsible for an insectrsquos resistance to a major fumigant used by Australiarsquos grain industry for insect free grain A collaborative effort of scientists from The University of Queensland and the Queensland Department of Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry Queensland (DAFFQ) supported by the CRC for National Plant Biosecurity has made the discovery that will allow farmers and grain handlers to more effectively manage this problem First author of the study Dr David Schlipalius a scientist at UQrsquos School of Biological Sciences and DAFFQ said problem insects could now be detected even before an outbreak of resistance occurred ldquoPhosphine fumigation is the most effective and flexible means of controlling pest infestations during grain storage and handlingrdquo Dr Schlipalius said ldquoIt is by far the most common treatment for grain and

DeC 07 2012

For children with low stores of two brainpower nutri-ents supplements may have different and complex ef-fects a new clinical trial suggests

Gossipother commodities worldwide because it is cheap can be used on many commodities and doesnrsquot leave toxic residuesrdquo Dr Schlipalius said prolonging the effective life and availability of phosphine was in the interests of the global grain industry and the worldrsquos food security Dr Paul ebert from UQrsquos School of Biological Sciences said resistance occurs when genetic variants among the original pest insects survive phosphine fumigation and reproduce generating a population of resistant offspring ldquoThe discovery of the resistance gene is the first step in identifying ways in which the resistant insects are also vulnerable ndash their Achilles heel so to speakrdquo Dr ebert said Instrumental in tracking down the resistance gene was work performed on the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C elegans) commonly known as nematode roundworms led by Dr Massimo Hilliard and Dr Nick Valmas at UQrsquos Queensland Brain Institute ldquoThe discovered gene was indeed able to confer resistance in several species of insects and in nematodes which indicated its importance across evolutionrdquo said Dr Valmas Dr Horst Schirra from UQrsquos Centre for Advanced Imaging said the study also helped shed light on how resistance affects the metabolism of roundworms and insects ldquoThis allows us to better understand how resistance develops and will provide insights into possibilities for new fumigants or treatments that may block the resistancerdquo Dr Schirra said Dr Pat Collins from DAFFQ said in some parts of the world losses in storage due to grain insect pests alone could be as much as 20 per cent ldquoLosses in India amount to about 20 million tonnes of grain per year which is equal to more than half of Australiarsquos total productionrdquo Dr Collins said ldquoPhosphine resistance would be a disaster for those countries that rely on it heavily ndash and that includes Australia where 80 per cent of our cereal grains are treated by phosphine fumigation ldquoIt would mean the introduction of much less effective and more expensive treatments significantly increasing the price and reducing availability of grainrdquo said Dr Collins

iron omega-3s tied to different effects on kidsrsquo brains2012-11-15For children with low stores of two brainpower nutrients supplements may have different and complex effects a new clinical trial suggests Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide affecting about 2 billion people according to the World Health Organisation Poor children in developing countries are at particular risk for shortfalls in iron

DeC 07 2012

Gossipas well as other nutrients including the omega-3 fats found largely in oily fish So the new study looked at the effects of giving 321 schoolchildren in South Africa either supplements containing iron omega-3s or both All of the kids had low levels of both nutrients which are vital for childrenrsquos growth and healthy brain development After about eight months researchers found varied changes in the kidsrsquo memory and learning abilities In general children given iron showed improvements on tests of memory and learning That was especially true if they had outright anaemia - a disorder wherein the bloodrsquos oxygen-carrying capacity is reduced causing problems like fatigue and difficulty with concentration and memory For example on a memory test anaemic kids given iron were able to recall an extra two words out of 12 In contrast there was no overall benefit linked to omega-3 supplements And when the researchers zeroed in on kids with anaemia those who used omega-3s did worse than before on one test of memory Then there were the children with clear iron deficiency but not anaemia Of those kids girls who got omega-3s fared worse while boys improved their test scores What it all means for kids with nutritional deficiencies is unclear according to lead researcher Jeannine Baumgartner of North-West University in Potchefstroom South Africa One limitation of the study she said in an email is that the number of children in each group her team analysed was small There were 67 kids with anaemia for example Thus ldquothe results need to be interpreted cautiouslyrdquo Baumgartner said There are still a lot of questions according to Baumgartner whose grouprsquos findings are published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition The children in this study were 6 to 11 years old But Baumgartner said animal research suggests brain deficits that take shape early in life might not be reversible ldquoThe question arises whether supplementation during school age might be too late to achieve beneficial effects on cognitive performancerdquo she said Still the omega-3 findings are consistent with some recent animal research Baumgartner said her team found that in rats deficient in both iron and omega-3s giving either supplement alone seemed to worsen the animalsrsquo memory performance The picture was better though when the rats were given both iron and omega-3s In children things are more complicated Other nutritional deficiencies as well as exposure to toxins like lead and the general effects of poverty could all dampen kidsrsquo brain development Baumgartner pointed out ldquoWe believe that more research is needed to investigate the biological and functional links between nutrients essential for brain development and cognitive functioningrdquo she said Since this study focused on impoverished children with low iron and possibly other nutritional deficiencies the results cannot be extended to children in general according to Baumgartner In the US recommendations

DeC 07 2012

A new study shows that people who have had a head injury and have lived or worked near areas where the pesticide paraquat was used may be three times more likely to develop Parkinsonrsquos disease

Gossipcall for babies to get an iron test during the first year of life to check for deficiencies For healthy kids older than six months the recommended iron intake varies from 7 to 15 mg of iron per day depending on their age and sex There is a risk from getting too much iron and experts tell parents to ask their doctor before giving children iron supplements The current study was partly funded by Unilever which makes omega-3-enriched spreads Paul Lohmann GmbH provided the iron supplements and Burgerstein AG provided the omega-3s

Reuters Health 8 November 2012

httpwwwreuterscomnewshealth

Head injury and Pesticide exposure Leads to Triple the Risk of Parkinsonrsquos disease2012-11-15A new study shows that people who have had a head injury and have lived or worked near areas where the pesticide paraquat was used may be three times more likely to develop Parkinsonrsquos disease The study was published in the Journal Neurology Paraquat is a herbicide commonly used on crops to control weeds It can be deadly to humans and animals ldquoWhile each of these two factors is associated with an increased risk of Parkinsonrsquos on their own the combination is associated with greater risk than just adding the two factors togetherrdquo said study author Beate Ritz MD PhD of UCLArsquos Fielding School of Public Health ldquoThis study suggests that the physiological process that is triggered by a head injury may increase brain cellsrsquo vulnerability to attacks from pesticides that can be toxic to the brain or the other way around for example chronic low dose exposure to pesticides may increase the risk of Parkinsonrsquos after a head injuryrdquo The study involved 357 people with Parkinsonrsquos disease and 754 people without the disease all of whom lived in an agricultural area in central California The participants reported any head injuries they had ever received with a loss of consciousness for more than five minutes The researchers determined participantsrsquo exposure to the weed killer based on a 500-meter area around their home and work addresses using a geographic information system (GIS) that combined data on paraquat use collected by the state of Californiarsquos Pesticide Use Reporting system with land use maps The results indicated that people with Parkinsonrsquos disease were twice as likely to have had a head injury with loss of consciousness for more than five minutes as people who did not have the disease Of the 357 people with Parkinsonrsquos disease 42 or 12 percent reported ever having had such a head injury compared to 50 of the 754 people without

DeC 07 2012

in a new study re-searchers have found that a hormone-like substance produced by the body to promote inflamma-tion can cause an aggressive form of leukaemia when pres-ent at high levels

Gossipthe disease or 7 percent People with Parkinsonrsquos disease were 36 percent more likely to have exposure to paraquat than those who did not have the disease Of those with Parkinsonrsquos 169 had exposure to the weed killer or 47 percent compared to 291 of those without the disease or 39 percent The National Institute of environmental Health Science National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health and American Parkinson Disease Association supported the study

How Chronic inflammation Can Cause Cancer2012-11-15According to a new study by researchers at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Centre -- Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Richard J Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC -- James) a hormone-like substance produced by the body to promote inflammation can cause an aggressive form of leukaemia when present at high levels The study shows that high levels of interleukin-15 (IL-15) alone can cause large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukaemia a rare and usually fatal form of cancer in an animal model In addition the researchers developed a treatment for the leukaemia that showed no discernible side effects in the animal model Published in the journal Cancer Cell the findings show that IL-15 is also overexpressed in patients with LGL leukaemia and that it causes similar cellular changes suggesting that the treatment should also benefit people with the malignancy ldquoWe know that inflammation can cause cancer but we donrsquot know the exact mechanismrdquo says principal investigator Dr Michael A Caligiuri CeO of The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute and director of Ohio Statersquos Comprehensive Cancer Centre ldquoHere we show one way it can happen and we used that information to potentially cure the cancerrdquo Normally the body releases IL-15 to stimulate the development survival and proliferation of natural-killer cells which are immune cells that destroy cancer and virus-infected cells This research shows that when IL-15 is present in high amounts in the body for prolonged periods such as during chronic inflammation it can cause certain immune cells called large granular lymphocytes or LGLs to become cancerous This malignant transformation begins when IL-15 attaches to receptors on the surface of normal LGLs an event that boosts levels of a cancer-causing protein called Myc (pronounced ldquomickrdquo) inside the cells The high Myc levels in turn bring changes that cause chromosome instability and additional gene mutations The high Myc

DeC 07 2012

A new study by researchers at the University of California davis and the University of California Los Ange-les published in the journal environmental Health measured food-borne toxin ex-posure in children and adults by pinpointing foods with high levels of toxic compounds and determining how much of these foods were consumed

Gossiplevels also activate a process called DNA methylation which turns off a variety of genes including important genes that normally suppress cancer growth ldquoWe stand the best chance of curing cancer when we understand its causesrdquo says first author Anjali Mishra a postdoctoral researcher in Caligiurirsquos laboratory ldquoOnce we understood how this inflammatory hormone causes this leukaemia we used that information to develop a treatment by interfering with the processrdquo Caligiuri and Mishra were joined in this study by Dr Guido Marcucci associate director for Translational Research at the OSUCCC -- James Dr Robert Lee professor of pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical chemistry in Ohio Statersquos College of Pharmacy and a group of collaborators The investigators conducted the research using cells isolated from patients with LGL leukaemia and a mouse model of the disease Key findings include

bull exposing normal human large granular lymphocytes to IL-15 caused cell proliferation chromosomal instability and global DNA hypermethylation

bull excessive IL-15 activated the cancer-causing Myc oncogene in large granular lymphocytes leading to genetic instability DNA hypermethylation and malignant transformation

bull Details of how Myc upregulation causes the genetic instability and hypermethylation

Lee developed a liposomal formulation of the proteosome inhibitor bortezomib that shuts down the cancer-causing pathway potentially curing the malignancy Leukemic mice treated with the liposomal bortezomib showed 100 percent survival at 130 days versus 100 percent mortality at 60-80 days for control animals ldquoWe now plan to develop this drug for clinical userdquo says Marcucci who holds the John B and Jane T McCoy Chair in Cancer Research in Cancer Research

High exposure to Food-Borne Toxins Preschool Children Particularly Vulnerable to Compounds Linked to Cancer Other Conditions2012-11-15A new study by researchers at the University of California Davis and the University of California Los Angeles published in the journal environmental Health measured food-borne toxin exposure in children

DeC 07 2012

Gossipand adults by pinpointing foods with high levels of toxic compounds and determining how much of these foods were consumed The researchers found that family members in the study and preschool children in particular are at high risk for exposure to arsenic dieldrin DDe (a DDT metabolite) dioxins and acrylamide These compounds have been linked to cancer developmental disabilities birth defects and other conditions However the study also points to dietary modifications that could mitigate risk ldquoContaminants get into our food in a variety of waysrdquo said study principal investigator Irva Hertz-Picciotto professor and chief of the Division of environmental and Occupational Health at UC Davis ldquoThey can be chemicals that have nothing to do with the food or byproducts from processing We wanted to understand the dietary pathway pesticides metals and other toxins take to get into the bodyrdquo During the study the researchers assessed risk by comparing toxin consumption to established benchmarks for cancer risk and non-cancer health risks All 364 children in the study (207 preschool children between two and seven and 157 school-age children between five and seven) exceeded cancer benchmarks for arsenic dieldrin DDe and dioxins In addition more than 95 percent of preschool children exceeded non-cancer risk levels for acrylamide a cooking byproduct often found in processed foods like potato and tortilla chips Pesticide exposure was particularly high in tomatoes peaches apples peppers grapes lettuce broccoli strawberries spinach dairy pears green beans and celery ldquoWe focused on children because early exposure can have long-term effects on disease outcomesrdquo said Rainbow Vogt lead author of the study ldquoCurrently the US environmental Protection Agency only measures risk based on exposures of individual contaminants We wanted to understand the cumulative risk from dietary contaminants The results of this study demonstrate a need to prevent exposure to multiple toxins in young children to lower their cancer riskrdquo The researchers used data from the 2007 Study of Use of Products and exposure-Related Behaviour (SUPeRB) which surveyed households in California with children between two and five to determine how their diets and other factors contribute to toxic exposure Specifically SUPeRB homed in on 44 foods known to have high concentrations of toxic compounds metals arsenic lead and mercury pesticides chlorpyrifos permethrin and endosulfan persistent organic pollutants dioxin DDT dieldrin and chlordane and the food processing byproduct acrylamide Toxin levels in specific foods were determined through the Total Diet Study and other databases

Perhaps most disturbing preschool-age children had higher exposure to more than half the toxic compounds being measured even relatively

DeC 07 2012

Gossiplow exposures can greatly increase the risk of cancer or neurological impairment ldquoWe need to be especially careful about children because they tend to be more vulnerable to many of these chemicals and their effects on the developing brainrdquo says Hertz-Picciotto Though these results are cause for concern the study also outlines strategies to lower family exposure For example organic produce has lower pesticide levels In addition toxin types vary in different foods Certain pesticides may be found in lettuce and broccoli while others affect peaches and apples ldquoVarying our diet and our childrenrsquos diet could help reduce exposurerdquo said Hertz-Picciotto ldquoBecause different foods are treated differently at the source dietary variation can help protect us from accumulating too much of any one toxinrdquo Families also can reduce their consumption of animal meat and fats which may contain high levels of DDe and other persistent organic pollutants and switch to organic milk While mercury is most often found in fish accumulation varies greatly by species Smaller fish lower on the food chain generally have lower mercury levels In addition acrilomides are relatively easy to remove from the diet ldquoAcrilomides come from chips and other processed grains said co-author Deborah Bennett associate professor of environmental and Occupational Health at UC Davis ldquoeven if we set aside the potential toxins in these foods we probably shouldnrsquot be eating large amounts of them anyway However we should be eating fruits vegetables and fish which are generally healthy foods We just need to be more careful in how we approach themrdquo Furthermore the study highlights a number of policy issues such as how we grow our food and the approval process for potentially toxic compounds Though the pesticide DDT was banned 40 years ago the study showed significant risk of DDe exposure ldquoGiven the significant exposure to legacy pollutants society should be concerned about the persistence of compounds we are currently introducing into the environmentrdquo said Bennett ldquoIf we later discover a chemical has significant health risks it will be decades before itrsquos completely removed from the ecosystemrdquo While the study has profound implications for dietary habits more work needs to be done to quantify risk Specifically researchers need to determine how these food-borne toxins interact collectively in the body This research was funded by a Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant RD-83154001 from the United States environmental Protection Agency

DeC 07 2012

While one team of United States department of Agriculture (USdA) scientists is testing the effectiveness of pesticides against mosquitoes another group is learning how repellents work

GossipBaiting Mosquitoes With Knowledge and Proven insecticides2012-11-15While one team of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) scientists is testing the effectiveness of pesticides against mosquitoes another group is learning how repellents work At the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Centre for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary entomology (CMAVe) in Gainesville Fla entomologist Sandra Allan is using toxic sugar-based baits to lure and kill mosquitoes Allan and her CMAVe cooperators are evaluating insecticides and designing innovative technology to fight biting insects and arthropods ARS is USDArsquos principal intramural scientific research agency Allan studied 10 different commercial pesticides that contain additives that enable the pesticides to be dissolved in water and ingested by mosquitoes Pesticides were combined with a sucrose solution and fed to females of three mosquito species that transmit pathogens such as West Nile virus and arboviruses While only females feed on blood all mosquitoes need to feed on sugar and will potentially be attracted to -- and ingest -- the toxic sugar bait Compounds from five different classes of insecticide-active ingredients -- pyrethroids phenylpyroles pyrroles neonicotinoids and macrocyclic lactones -- were found to be toxic against all three mosquito species Culex quinquefasciatus Anopheles quadrimaculatus and Aedes taeniorhynchus Scientists at the ARS Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Centre in Beltsville Md are learning more about how mosquito repellents work entomologist Joseph Dickens and post-doctoral research associate Jonathan Bohbot found that several repellents -- DeeT 2-undecanone IR3535 and picaridin -- affect specific odorant receptors in mosquitoes differently thereby scrambling the insectrsquos ability to detect chemical attractants In experiments they injected frog eggs with odorant receptor genes Molecular mechanisms within the eggs allowed these receptors to be reproduced in the outer cell membrane of the egg Researchers then placed electrodes in the outer cell membrane and recorded electrical responses of the odorant receptors to chemical solutions

DeC 07 2012

(Note Open your Web Browser and click on Heading to link to section)

eNViRONMeNTALThe efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine administered by lumbosacral epidural route in conscious sheep

Hydrochemistry of Tamiraparani river in Kanyakumari district

MediCALauml-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Single Nucleotide Polymorphism 2 and Peptide Transporter 22 Haplotype May Differentially Mediate Lead exposure in Male Children

Role and interaction of p53 BAX and the stress-activated protein kinases p38 and JNK in benzo(a)pyrenediolepoxide induced apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells

Study on the interaction of Nd3+ with human serum albumin at molecular level

Cytotoxicity of water-soluble fraction from biodiesel and its diesel blends to human cell lines

mRNA expression of hepatic metabolic enzyme genes in patients with allergic dermatitis induced by trichloroethylene

OCCUPATiONALAmbulatory blood pressure monitoring and structural changes in carotid arteries in normotensive workers occupationally exposed to lead

Decreased paraoxonase I activity and increased oxidative stress in low lead-exposed workers

Occupational exposure to arsenic cadmium chromium lead and nickel and renal cell carcinoma a case-control study from Central and eastern europe

Is routine blood test of value for evaluating health effects among midwives working with nitrous oxide for pain relief in delivery unit

Study on p16 gene methylation in peripheral blood cells of coke oven workers

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Technical NotesPUBLiC HeALTHSoft-Tissue Sarcoma and Pesticides exposure in Men Results of a Canadian Case-Control Study

Risk Assessment of Human exposure to Bioaccessible Phthalate esters via Indoor Dust around the Pearl River Delta

Development of a chronic noncancer oral reference dose and drinking water screening level for sulfolane using benchmark dose modelling

Arsenic and type 2 diabetes and hypertension in human populations

Arseniasis in the world from endemic to pandemic

SAFeTySafety studies on high-pressure hydrogen vehicle refuelling stations Releases into a simulated high-pressure dispensing area

Detector for chemical agents with alarm for human safety

Control method of air disinfector using chlorine dioxide

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

Diuron product registrations affirmed with significant use changes

2012-12-03

Bill to ban smoking at outdoor dining and drinking venues to be introduced to Parliament

AMERICA

EPA Temporarily Suspends BP from New Contracts

Solar Radiation Database Updated by NREL

EPA Recommends New Recreational Water Quality Criteria to Better Protect Health

OSHA issues new fact sheet on importance and necessity of providing and using proper personal protective equipment during Sandy cleanup

EUROPE

Strategy to Better Protect Public Health by Strengthening and Rationalising EU Pharmacovigilance

Public consultation on phasing-in requirements on a black symbol identifying medicinal products subject to additional monitoring

Allergy findings not sufficient for banning luxury perfumes EU says

REACH Update

Updated Practical Guide 3 How to report robust study summaries

ECHA launches a new web form for notifying SVHCs in articles

Updated Guidance published ndash Qualitative Risk Characterisation for Human Health

Janetrsquos Corner

Why Engineers Donrsquot Write Recipe Books

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Racial Differences Exist in the Link Between Consumption of Meat and Breast Cancer Risk Research Shows

Caffeinersquos Effect On the Brainrsquos Adenosine Receptors Visualised for the First Time

Higher PFCs when pregnant linked to smaller daughters at birth

Cadmium exposure in the womb linked to lower IQ scores in 5-year-olds

Carbon Dioxide Could Prevent a Future Ice Age

Sugary Approach Discovered to Help Metal Casting Production

Autoimmune trigger explained

Spray-resistant insect gene found

Iron omega-3s tied to different effects on kidsrsquo brains

Head Injury and Pesticide Exposure Leads to Triple the Risk of Parkinsonrsquos Disease

How Chronic Inflammation Can Cause Cancer

High Exposure to Food-Borne Toxins Preschool Children Particularly Vulnerable to Compounds Linked to Cancer Other Conditions

Baiting Mosquitoes With Knowledge and Proven Insecticides

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

ContentsHAzARd ALeRT

Bromoform 21

GOSSiPRacial Differences exist in the Link Between Consumption of Meat and Breast Cancer Risk Research Shows 26Caffeinersquos effect On the Brainrsquos Adenosine Receptors Visualised for the First Time 27Higher PFCs when pregnant linked to smaller daughters at birth28Cadmium exposure in the womb linked to lower IQ scores in 5-year-olds 31Carbon Dioxide Could Prevent a Future Ice Age 33Sugary Approach Discovered to Help Metal Casting Production 34Autoimmune trigger explained 35Spray-resistant insect gene found 36Iron omega-3s tied to different effects on kidsrsquo brains 37Head Injury and Pesticide exposure Leads to Triple the Risk of Parkinsonrsquos Disease 39How Chronic Inflammation Can Cause Cancer 40High exposure to Food-Borne Toxins Preschool Children Particularly Vulnerable to Compounds Linked to Cancer Other Conditions 41Baiting Mosquitoes With Knowledge and Proven Insecticides 44

TeCHNiCAL NOTeSeNVIRONMeNTAL 45MeDICAL 45OCCUPATIONAL45PUBLIC HeALTH 46SAFeTY 46

DeC 07 2012

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ReACH Update

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DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

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SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

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Legislation

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

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SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

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Upcoming

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

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SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Upcoming

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwepagov

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

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Closed

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

LegislationAMeRiCA

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DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

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Bromoform

Gossip

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ENVIRONMENTAL

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

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SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

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ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

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DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Upcoming

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwtgagovau

DeC 07 2012

LegislationAMeRiCA

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwepagov

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwtgagovau

DeC 07 2012

LegislationAMeRiCA

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwepagov

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

LegislationAMeRiCA

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwepagov

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwepagov

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwwepagov

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

eUROPe

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweuractivcom

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpechaeuropaeu

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Ingredients

1 53235 cm3 gluten

2 49 cm3 NaHCO3

Aha Jokes

Janetrsquos Corner

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

USeS [2]

iN THe eNViRONMeNT

Hazard Alert

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

HeALTH eFFeCTS [5]

Acute effects

Chronic effects

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

SAFeTy [6]

First Aid Measures

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Personal Protection

ReGULATiONS [2378]

exposure Limits

United States

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

ReFeReNCeS

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Gossip

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

httpwwweponlinecom

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Technical Notes

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

MEDICAL

OCCUPATIONAL

PUBLIC HEALTH

SAFETY

DeC 07 2012

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

2012-12-03

AMERICA

EUROPE

REACH Update

Janetrsquos Corner

Hazard Alert

Bromoform

Gossip

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL

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Contentsmirror.chemwatch.net/bulletin/2012/12/071212/121207-Bulletin.pdf · Caffeine’s effect On the Brain’s Adenosine Receptors Visualised ... tea, coffee and pawpaw will no