October 20, 2011
Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................................ 61 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.1 About Forests, Carbon Dioxide, and Climate Change .................................................. 82 Forest Project Definitions and Requirements ........................................................................ 9
2.1 Project Types ................................................................................................................ 92.2 Forest Owners ............................................................................................................. 11
3 Eligibility Rules and Other Requirements ............................................................................ 123.1 Additionality ................................................................................................................. 123.2 Offset Project Commencement ................................................................................... 143.3 Project Crediting Period .............................................................................................. 153.4 Project Life and Minimum Time Commitment ............................................................. 153.5 Use of Qualified Conservation Easements .................................................................. 163.6 Project Location........................................................................................................... 173.7 Regulatory Compliance ............................................................................................... 183.8 Sustainable Harvesting and Natural Forest Management Practices ........................... 18
4 Identifying the Project Area .................................................................................................. 255 Offset Project Boundary ....................................................................................................... 26
5.1 Reforestation Projects ................................................................................................. 265.2 Improved Forest Management Projects ...................................................................... 295.3 Avoided Conversion Projects ...................................................................................... 31
6 Quantifying Net GHG Reductions and GHG Removal Enhancements ............................... 346.1 Reforestation Projects ................................................................................................. 386.2 Improved Forest Management Projects ...................................................................... 436.3 Avoided Conversion Projects ...................................................................................... 54
7 Ensuring the Permanence of Credited GHG Reductions and GHG Removal Enhancements ......... 587.1 Identifying a Reversal .................................................................................................. 587.2 Insuring Against Reversals .......................................................................................... 587.3 Compensating for Reversals ....................................................................................... 597.4 Disposition of Forest Projects after a Reversal ........................................................... 59
8 Offset Project Monitoring ..................................................................................................... 608.1 Forest Carbon Inventory Program ............................................................................... 608.2 Annual Monitoring Requirements ................................................................................ 60
9 Reporting Requirements ...................................................................................................... 619.1 Offset Project Documentation ..................................................................................... 619.2 Offset Project Data Report .......................................................................................... 659.3 Reporting and Verification Cycle ................................................................................. 67
10 Verification ...................................................................................................................... 6810.1 Regulatory Verification Requirements ......................................................................... 6810.2 Additional Verification Requirements .......................................................................... 68
11 Glossary of Terms ........................................................................................................... 76Appendix A Developing an Inventory of Forest Project Carbon Stocks .................................. 82
A.1 Provide Background Information on Forest Area ........................................................ 82A.2 Measure Carbon Pools in the Project Area ................................................................. 82A.3 Developing Onsite Forest Carbon Inventories ............................................................ 83A.4 Applying a Confidence Deduction ............................................................................... 88
Appendix B Modeling Carbon Stocks ..................................................................................... 90B.1 About Models and Their Eligibility for Use with Forest Projects .................................. 90B.2 Using models to forecast carbon stocks ...................................................................... 91
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B.3 Modeling Requirements .............................................................................................. 91Appendix C Estimating Carbon in Wood Products ................................................................. 93
C.1 Determine the Amount of Carbon in Harvested Wood Delivered to Mills .................... 93C.2 Account for Mill Efficiencies ......................................................................................... 94C.3 Estimate the Average Carbon Storage Over 100 Years in In-Use Wood Products .... 94C.4 Estimate the Average Carbon Storage Over 100 Years for Wood Products in Landfills 99C.5 Determine Total Average Carbon Storage in Wood Products Over 100 Years ........ 102
Appendix D Determination of a Forest Projects Reversal Risk Rating ................................. 103D.1 Financial Risk ............................................................................................................ 104D.2 Management Risk ..................................................................................................... 104D.3 Social Risk................................................................................................................. 105D.4 Natural Disturbance Risk ........................................................................................... 105D.5 Summarizing the Risk Analysis and Contribution to Buffer Account ......................... 107
Appendix E Reforestation Project Eligibility .......................................................................... 108Appendix F Determining a Value for Common Practice ....................................................... 110 List of Tables Table 3.1. Compensation Rate for Terminated Improved Forest Management Projects ............ 16Table 3.2. Evaluation criteria to test if a Forest Project meets the requirement for the establishment and maintenance of native species and natural forest management................... 20Table 4.1. Project Area Definition for Avoided Conversion Projects .......................................... 25Table 5.1. Offset Project Boundary Reforestation Projects .................................................... 26Table 5.2. Offset Project Boundary Improved Forest Management Projects .......................... 29Table 5.3. Offset Project Boundary Avoided Conversion Projects .......................................... 31Table 6.1. Mobile Combustion Emissions for Reforestation Projects ........................................ 40Table 6.2. Vegetation Classes for Stratification ......................................................................... 51Table 6.3. Default Avoided Conversion ..................................................................................... 55Table A.1. Requirements of carbon pool categories and determination of value for pool .......... 84 Table A.2. Minimum required sampling criteria for estimated pools ........................................... 87 Table A.3. Worksheet for Summarizing Carbon Pools and Calculating Total Carbon ................ 89 Table A.4. Forest carbon inventory confidence deductions based on level of confidence in the estimate derived from field sampling. ......................................................................................... 88 Table C.1. Specific gravity and Wood Density of green softwoods and hardwoods by forest type for the Pacific Southwest from Table 1.4. ................................................................................... 94Table C.2. Worksheet to Estimate Long-Term Carbon Storage In In-Use Wo
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