· 1 2 Production procedure of aluminium powder and paste Aluminium paste is an aluminium pigment in paste form, manufactured with high purity aluminium as …

2014.8

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Powder and Paste Operations HeadquartersDevelopment and Sales Division

Powder and Paste Operations HeadquartersDevelopment and Sales Division

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®

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1 2

Production procedure of aluminium powder and paste

Aluminium paste is an aluminium pigment in paste form, manufactured with high

purity aluminium as the main raw material. Aluminium powder or aluminium foil are

milled and polished in a ball mill with mineral spirits and fatty acid (oleic acid or

stearic acid) to form thin, flake-like particles.

Aluminium powder Aluminium paste

Coating surface

Cross cut

section of

paint film

Aluminium paste

Leafing type(Stearic acid coating)

Base

Coating surface

Non-leafing type (Oleic acid coating)

Base

Orientation of aluminium pigments in paint film

Due to the surface tension properties of stearic acid, the leafing type orients parallel in the surface of the coating film. For the

non-leafing type, which uses oleic acid, the aluminium flakes orient uniformly in the coating film.

Atomizedpowder

Fatty acidMineralspirit

Types of Aluminium Paste Aluminium paste production process

Aluminium powder production process

■ Products■ Milling process ■ Screen process ■ Filtration process ■ Mixing process

■ Melting ■ Classifying ■ Classifying ■ Fan

■ Products

■ Raw materials

3 4

Classification Chemicalresistance Adhesion Arc

resistanceGassing

preventionEnvironmental

features

Pages in this book

Water borne treatment

WXM Series ✕ ✕ ✕ ✓ ✓ P11WL Series ✕ ✕ ✕ ✓ ✓ P11EMR Series ✕ ✕ ✕ ✓ ✓ P11

Resin coated

FZ Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✕ ✕ P12BP Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✕ ✕ P12HBPSeries ✓ ✓ ✓ ✕ ✕ P12PCFSeries ✓ ✓ ✓ ✕ ✓ P12

Solvent exchange

TDSeries

Toluene base ✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ P13

Propyl Acetate (n-PA) base

✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ ✓ P13

Resin Coat + Propyl Acetate (n-PA) base

✕ ✓ ✕ ✕ ✓ P13

Interference Chromashineseries

X　series ✕ ✕ ✓ ✓ ✓ P14R　series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✕ P14

Pages in this book P10 P10 P10 P10 P10

Product lineup

Major grades and applications

Surface treatment and essential properties

Classification Automotivecoatings

Automotive parts

coatings

Plastic coatings

Printing ink PCM Pages in

this book

Leafing type

Standard Series ✕ ✕ ✕ ✓ ✕ P4

Advanced series ✕ ✕ ✕ ✓ ✕ P4

Non-leafing

Standard Series ✕ ✕ ✓ ✓ ✓ P7

MG Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P7White-silver Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P7

Highly hiding power Series ✕ ✕ ✓ ✓ ✓ P7

76 Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P8TCR Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P854/56 Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P8CS Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P863 Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P946 Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P9Z Series ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ P9

Pages in this book P5 P5 P5 P5 P5

✓: Suited ✕: Not suited

✓: Suited ✕: Not suited

This product series uses stearic acid as a lubricant and the particles float to the surface of the coating film due to surface tension. Medium particles are often used in anti-corrosive and heat resistant paints, while fine particles are frequently used for offset ink and other applications.

Product name Base solvent*Average particle

size D50（µm）

Water covering area （cm2/g）

0300M M 16 10,000

0100M M 10 13,000

0700M M 8 19,000

0231M Ink oil 8 30,000

This leafing type has high gloss through fine milling. Due to its high gloss properties, it is used in automotive reflectors and other applications. This type has smooth particles with narrow particle size distribution.

Product name Base solvent*Average particle

size D50（µm）


0870MS M 10 24,000

30T T 15 30,000

0670TS T 4 70,000

* M = mineral spirit, T = toluene, Ink oil = aroma free ink solvent

0800Series

0600Series

High Print Series

0600 Superfine Series

Standard Series

Fine Mean diameter D50 (μm)

Coarse

L* value of specular lig

ht

Standard Series

Advanced series

Untreated products: Leafing types

5 6

OEM applications

A number of high gloss aluminium paste products, which have narrow particle size distribution with smooth edges, are used for automotive coatings. The aluminium paste provides excellent brightness with less light diffusion. The automotive line includes the TCR series, which can be used in formulations for automotive paint circulation lines. The TCR paste has thick aluminium particles prevent bending due to mechanical shear. There are also many kinds of water treated aluminium paste products, such as WL and WXM for water-borne paints, as well as silica treated types that are completely non-reactive with water. We also produce treated aluminium that has a basic surface in order to easily absorb phosphoric acid and other additives for cases where water treatment is completed by the end user.

Automotive Parts applicationsThere are two main categories for automotive parts coatings: exterior and interior applications. For external applications, the same type of aluminium paste is used for the car body to achieve good color harmony between car body and parts. In situations where the final color tones differ due to particular characteristics of the paint, aluminium paste with a slightly different particle size may be used. For monocoat interior applications, a resin coated aluminium is used to increase chemical resistance. We produce two types of resin coated aluminium products: BP and FZ series. The amount of resin coating can be adjusted to meet performance requirements. An untreated aluminium type is often used for basecoat/clearcoat interior application.

Plastic coatings for applications such as for mobile phones, digital cameras, game consoles and televisions are required to have high gloss and chemical resistance. In cases where aesthetic qualities require minute particles with fine smooth surface, 4690NS, 6390NS and other fine-grain, high concealment types are available. Where a sparkling, granular appearance is required, 5422NS, 5620NS and other coarser types are available.

Printing ink, in particular gravure and screen inks, require high gloss and high concealment, but it is also necessary to select a solvent that provides an ink drying speed that is aligned to the special characteristics of printing presses. To this end, we produce the TD series where the standard solvents have been substituted with toluene or other solvents with low evaporation points. Within the TD series it is possible to change toluene to environmentally friendly solvents (including

PCM steel sheet, which has been precoated as steel sheet rolls and then processed in molds, is primarily used in refrigerators, washing machines, DVD recorders, and other home electric appliances, as well as in construction materials. Due to the price characteristics of PCM steel sheet, paste products with a focus on the balance between price and brightness are used. In cases where the importance is on price, 1109M, 1109MA or HS-2 are available. Where an even balance

between price and brightness is necessary, 7675NS, 7640NS and similar products are used. Where brightness is the primary focus, 5660NS, 5620NS and s imi lar products are used. Furthermore, where chemical resistance is a requirement, resin coated types are available.

propyl acetate and ethyl acetate). Furthermore, in cases where high adhesiveness is required such as for laminating, resin type coats can be used. It is also possible to combine two treatments, the TD treatment and a resin coating.

Where price is the most important factor, 7640NS, 7675NS and others can be used.The TD series can be used to improve adhesion and color tones, and is also used for plastic coatings.

Automotive coatings

Plastic coating applications

Printing ink applications

PCM applications

Applications for non-treated aluminium paste

Fine Mean diameter D50 (μm)

Coarse

46Series

63Series

56Series

CSSeries

54Series

TCRSeries

MGSeries

Standard Series

High-ConcealmentSeries

76Series

L* value of specular lig

ht areas

Non-leafing aluminium paste

Non-leafing aluminium paste color map

Incid

ent L

ightSpecular

Reflected Light

DiffuseReflected Light

Diffuse Reflected Light

Incident Light entering the coating film is reflected from the surface of the aluminium part ic les creat ing a metal l ic (”f l ip-f lop”) impression. The smoother the surface and the lower the diffuse reflection, the stronger the gloss.

7130N 1109M 7640NS 5422NS

7 8

This series is specialized for high hiding power at a low price. Different types are also available with resin coats or with the substitution of toluene or propyl acetate as the solvent. (See the Resin Coat Series and the TD Series.)

Product name Base solvent* Average particle size D50（µm）


2172 M 7 27,500

2173 M 6 29,000

This series features increased whiteness than the standard series and is used mainly in industrial applications where whiteness is required.



7130N M／N 20 13,000

7160N M／N 16 17,000

This series features large particles giving a strong sense of sparkle. These products are used in designs that glisten and color toning for deep color systems.



MG600 M／N 25 10,000

MG1000 M／Ｎ 32 4,500

MG1300 M 33 3,000

54-452 Ｍ／Ｎ 37 5,000

54-497 M 62 4,000

This product series uses oleic acid as a grinding aid and is evenly dispersed throughout the coating film. It has many applications including printing inks and industrial use.



1950M M 54 6,000

1109M M 33 7,500

1100M M 33 9,500

HS-2 M／N 23 10,000

1100MA M 22 14,000

1109MA M 24 14,000

1700NL M／N 19 17,000

1200M M 12 23,000

1260M-S M 9 26,000

Aluminium Paste: Non-leafing series

Standard Series

MG Series

White-silver Series

High-Hiding Power Series

This series was developed primarily for automotive applications and has thick aluminium particles, which prevents bending of the particles due to mechanical shear in paint circulation lines, specific to automotive coatings. The TCR3000 series is good for mechanical shear resistance, while the TCR2000 series takes into account color tone balance.

This series has even higher brightness than the 76 series due to finer milling. Used in applications that require high gloss such as automotive coatings and inks, this is our primary product in the high gloss range.



5422NS M／N 21 9,000

5620NS M／N 19 12,000

5640NS M／N 13 16,000

5660NS M／N 9 24,000

5680NS M／N 8 26,000

54／56 Series



TCR2020 M／N 22 6,000

TCR2060 M／N 18 10,000

TCR2150 M／N 13 19,000

TCR3040 M／N 17 7,000

TCR3080 M／N 13 12,000

TCR3130 M／N 11 15,000

TCR Series

* M = mineral spirit, T = toluene, N = aromatic hydrocarbons

This series has high gloss due to fine milling and carefully selected raw materials. Compared to the standard series, these products have smoother edges and lower diffuse reflection. With reduced light diffusion, gloss is improved.



7620NS M／N 18 12,000

7640NS M／N 17 15,000

7675NS M／N 16 19,500

76 Series

This series combines gloss with whiteness. It is suited for plastic coating.



CS420 M 7 21,000

CS430 M 9 15,000

CS450 M 11 13,000

CS460 M 15 10,000

CS Series

9 10

Essential properties of treated products

For monocoat coatings, the film must have chemical resistance properties to avoid color change caused by sweat or detergents and the like. Aluminium can react with acids and alkalis causing colors to darken. In order to avoid this, an acrylic resin coating is applied to the aluminium particles. Our products include the highly

chemical resistant FZ series and the BP (Barrier Plus) series with an even finer coating.

Using untreated aluminium paste for plastic coating or gravure printing can lead to peeling of the coating film. A resin coating is an effective solution to this problem. Our product lineup includes the FZ series and BP series with an acrylic resin coating. Furthermore, the TD series can

When performing electrostatic spray coating with a high mix of aluminium paste, an electric current may pass through the aluminium particles and there may be electric current arcing. Acrylic resin coatings are also

effective for preventing this. For arc resistance, the BPA series and FZC series, with low levels of coating, are recommended.

also be expected to provide adhesiveness w i t h a c e r t a i n degree of improved effectiveness.

Standard aluminium paste uses hydrophobic mineral spirit as a solvent so it is not suitable for dispersion in water; however, with surface treatment and solvent substitution methods it is possible to increase dispersion

When aluminium paste reacts with water, hydrogen gas is generated. As environmental issues become more of a concern, qualities for preventing reactions with water

in water-borne paints are becoming a very important factor. It is possible to use a variety of organic and inorganic surface treatments to ensure gas prevention.

In recent years, organic solvent emissions released while painting have become an issue and there has been demand for the development of environmentally friendly paints. At the same time, aluminium paste has been developed that is suitable for water-borne paints

that are low in organic solvents and powder coatings. In our product range we have the PCF series for powder coatings, which do not use solvent, and we have a variety of surface treatment technologies to allow compatibility with water-borne paints.

■ Solvent substitution Substitution of mineral spirit with isopropyl alcohol, glycol ether or other hydrophilic solvents.■ Surfactant treatment With the addition of surfactant to the solvent, the surfactant will adhere to the surface of

the aluminium flakes.■ Surface treatment Treatment to give the surface of the aluminium flakes hydrophilic properties (acid, alkali,

resin, silica coating, etc.).

Untreated

Chemical resistance

Adhesiveness

Arc resistance

Water dispersion

Gas prevention

Environmental features

Untreated BP treated

BP treated

Cellophane tape peeling test

Chemical resistance test

Aluminium Paste: Non-leafing series

This series has higher gloss than even the 56 series due to finer milling. This higher level of gloss is achieved with uniform milling down to fine particles. These products are used in applications that require a high level of aesthetic qualities such as mobile phones and home appliances.

Our latest series makes use of cutting-edge technologies in milling and raw material control to provide even higher gloss than the 63 series for the highest levels of aesthetic qualities available today.



4640NS M／N 12 16,000

4660NS M／N 11 20,000

4690NS M／N 8 40,000

4691NS M／N 8 30,000

46 Series



6320NS M／N 14 11,000

6340NS M／N 12 16,000

6360NS M／N 10 20,000

6390NS M／N 6 27,000

63 Series

* M = mineral spirit, T = toluene, N = aromatic hydrocarbons

This series is a further advancement of the 46 series, and the emphasis is on a metallic appearance.



Z465 M／N 10 24,000

Z475 M／N 9 25,500

Z485 M／N 8 26,500

Z Series in water. By increasing the water dispersion or adjusting the hydrophilic properties, it is possible to control the compatibility with a variety of binders.

11

Treated products: Resin coating series

The surface of the aluminium paste in this series has an acrylic resin coating. This acrylic resin coating improves chemical resistance, adhesiveness and arc resistance.

Similar to the FZ series, the surface of the aluminium flake in this series are uniformly encapsulated by an acrylic resin. As the resin used is even finer and more uniform than that for the FZ series, it is possible to maintain performance equivalent to the FZ series with a smaller amount of resin while at the same time reducing color tone deterioration and concealment performance deterioration during the coating process. By reducing concealment performance deterioration it is possible to decrease the amount added to paint and reduce costs. Furthermore, the storage stability is better than the FZ series and the quality is maintained for long periods of time.

This is aluminium flake powder for powder coatings applications. This is a metallic pigment that contains no solvent and the surface of the aluminium paste is coated with acrylic resin. This makes it possible to produce metallic powder coatings with chemical resistance properties.

PCF Series

Product name Non-volatilecomponents

Chemicalresistance Coating volume

PCF Series Over 99.9 Good High

PCF-A Series Over 99.9 Excellent Extremely high

PCF-A series = Higher chemical resistance properties

BP Series

Product name Adhesiveness Chemical

resistance Concealment Aesthetic qualities

Arc resistance

Coating volume

BPA Series Good Poor Excellent Excellent Good Extremely low

BP Series Excellent Good Good Good Excellent High

FZ Series

Product name Adhesiveness Chemical

resistance Concealment Aesthetic qualities

Arc resistance

Coating volume

FZC Series Good Poor Excellent Excellent Good Extremely low

FZH Series Good Marginal Good Good Good Low

FZ Series Excellent Good Marginal Marginal Excellent High

Treated products: Water treatment series

The surface of the aluminium flakes in this series of products have been water (anti-corrosion) treated with phosphorous-based compounds. The cost performance is excellent.

WXM Series

The surface of the aluminium flakes in this series of products have been water (anti-corrosion) treated with molybdenum-based compounds. The cost performance is excellent.

WL Series

The surface of the aluminium flakes in this series of products have been coated with high-density silica. The very fine silica film ensures that there are nearly no gas emissions resulting in extremely high gas prevention qualities.

EMR Series

Series Treatment Solvent* Gas emissions Adhesiveness

Moisture resistance

test

Dispersion in water

WX Phosphoric acid M／IPA or PM Good Good Good Good

WL Molybdenum M／DPM Good Good Good Marginal

EMERAL Silica PM Excellent Good Good Marginal

*M: Mineral spiritsIPA: Isopropyl alcoholPM: Propylene glycol monomethyletherDPM: Dipropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether

Based on the BP Series, the HBP Series has even greater chemical resistance. Through modification of the resin composition, higher performance is achieved for the same coating volume than with the BP Series. The HBP Series also has excellent ultraviolet (UV) protection capacity, which prevents deterioration of performance after UV exposure.

HBP Series

12

13 14

This series features a protective layer (outermost layer) with silica processing. It is supplied in powder form.

X Series (protective silica membrane treatment)

Product name Heatingresidue (%)

Mean diameterD50（µm）

Highlight color Shade color

BL20-X 100 20 Navy blue Violet

MBL20-X 100 20 Light blue Blue

GR20-X 100 20 Light green Light blue

TGR20-X 100 20 Blue-green Green

GD20-X 100 20 Golden Green

OR20-X 100 20 Orange Light green

RPK20-X 100 20 Violet Reddish gold

CPK20-X 100 20 Pink Golden

Treated products: Chromashine series

Aluminium paste uses mineral spirit as the standard solvent; however, it is possible to change this to another solvent. We produce the TD series, which is a substitution of the solvent. A variety of solvents can be used for substitution to meet particular demands.Note: All products are examples. We can do treatments to a variety of grades in order to meet particular demands. For details, please contact your local Toyo Aluminium representative or sales agent.

In this series, toluene, which is convenient to use, is substituted as the solvent.

Toluene base Series

Product name Coarse particlediameter

Medium particle

diameter

Fine particlediameter

Very fine particle

diameter

76 Series TD120T TD180T －－56 Series － TD200T TD280T －63 Series －－ TD660T TD690T

46 Series －－ TD460T TD490T

High-hiding power line －－ 2172FT 2173FT

Treated products: TD Series with Solvent Substitution

In this series, propyl acetate (n-PAC), which is a good replacement for as a non-toluene solvent, is used as the substitute.

Propyl Acetate (n-PAC) Series


Medium particle

diameter


Very fine particle

diameter

76 Series － TD180PA －－56 Series － TD200PA TD280PA －63 Series －－ TD660PA －46 Series －－ TD460PA －High-hiding power line －－ 2172YC 2173YC

This is an interference color pigment based on aluminium flakes that have undergone silica treatment and silver plating. The pigment features variegated color changes caused by multiple coating layers. The silica treatment of the aluminium surface allows the use as a water-borne paint. An X Type, with a protective membrane and silica treatment, and an R Type, with an acrylic resin coat, are also available.

This series features a protective layer (outermost layer) consisting of an acrylic resin coat. It is offered in a paste form that is kept moist through use of a humectant.

R Series (protective acrylic resin membrane coat treatment)

Product name Base solvent Mean

diameterD50（µm）

Highlight color Shade color

BL20-R M 20 Navy blue Violet

GR20-R M 20 Golden Green

GD20-R M 20 Violet Reddish gold

OR20-R M 20 Orange Light green

PK20-R M 20 Pink Golden

Note: M = mineral spiritTo increase adhesion in this series, propyl acetate (n-PAC) is used as the substitute and a resin coating is added.

Resin Coat + Propyl Acetate (n-PAC) Series


Medium particle

diameter


Very fine particle

diameter

76 Series － BPB180PA －－56 Series －－ BPA280PA －46 Series －－ BPB460PA －High-hiding power line －－ 2172EAYC 2173EAYC

This treatment is also possible for other products.

Classification technologiesDry/Wet Classification, Particle size distribution

Electro less plating technologies

Milling technologyShape control, fine milling

Hybrid technologiesPigmented aluminium, aqueous aluminium, interference color aluminium

Surface treatment technologiesResin coating, water resistance

Solvent exchange technologies

Toyo Aluminium has the capabilities to perform dry or wet grading.

＜Existing technology＞The base metal particles a re d e p o s i t e d i n a n agg lomera ted s ta te . Upon mi l l ing, a large number are not attached and functionality is lost.

＜Toyo Aluminium

technology＞Deposi t ion t reatment without agglomeration of the f ine powder is possible.

In addition to aluminium, we can flake a variety of metal powders.

Encapsulation (resin coating or other)

Oxide/hydroxide coating

Untreated type

Various complete solvent substitutions are possible

A variety of surface treatments are possible (those above are examples).

Silica film + resin film

Silica film + metal film + silica film

Resin film + organic functional group

Hybrid surface treatments are possible

■ Hybridization examples

Toluene

Ethyl Acetate

Propyl acetate

Isoparaffin

Isopropyl alcohol

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether or other

■ Solvent substitution examples

16

Toyo Aluminium’s core competencies

Stainless flake, made of SUS316L has excellent corrosion resistance and chemical resistance. The outstanding characteristics of the materials used and the properties of the flaked form (high hiding power, labyrinth effect) result in high performance, which may even exceed that of the component materials. To improve the settling properties, we are developing products with even finer particles.

Stainless Steel Flakes

Product name Base solvent Mean diameter D50（µm）RFA2000 M 60

RFA4000 M 30

Others

In this series, organic pigments are absorbed on the aluminium flake surfaces. An acrylic resin is encapsulated on the flake to prevent removal of the organic pigment, so this series has excellent chemical resistance and adhesiveness. Compared with adding organic pigments directly to coatings and inks, this process achieves high chroma with no clouding.

Colored Aluminium Friend Color New D Series

Product name Base solvent Blues Reds Yellows

11µm M D452BL D451RE D452YE



Note: M = mineral spirit

15

17 18

Paint Formulation examples

Paint formulation examples for solvent borne plastic applications and examples of coating and drying conditions

Raw materials N.V% Wt% Net Class 　Suppliers

5660NS 70.0 1.9 1.3 Aluminium pigment Toyo Aluminium K.K.

ACRYDIC® FL-638-BE 40.0 27.9 11.2 Acrylic resin DIC Corporation

NC 14.0 8.8 1.2 Nitrocellulose

BYK-337 15.0 0.1 Surface conditioner BYK Japan K.K.

Thinner 61.3 Solvent

　Ethyl acetate （24.52）　n-butanol （12.26）　Methyl isobutyl ketone （12.26）　Butyl cellosolve （12.26）　

100.00

Coating method Air spray

Coating viscosity（IWATA Cup） 10～12sec. at 25℃

Drying conditions 80℃，30min

Film thickness 20～25µm（when dry）

Composition

Solid content 13.1%, aluminium concentration 15 phr.

Coating and drying conditions

Paint formulation examples for water borne plastics coating applications and examples of coating and drying conditions

Raw materials N.V% Wt% Net Class 　Suppliers

EMR-D125 55.0 4.80 2.64 Aluminium paste pigment for water-borne paints Toyo Aluminium K.K.

NeoCryl A-662 40.0 55.08 22.03 Acrylic Styrene Copolymer DSM NeoResins+

Butyl cellosolve 12.96 Solvent

Butyl carbitol 3.17 Solvent

Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether 3.17 Solvent

Surfynol® 104BC 50.0 0.27 0.14 Humectant Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

DISPARLON® AQ-320 100.0 0.21 0.21 Dispersant Kusumoto Chemicals, Ltd.

DISPARLON® AQ-600 20.0 5.29 1.06 Rheology control agents Kusumoto Chemicals, Ltd.

DMEA（dimethylethanolamine） 0.14 Amine

Ion-exchange water 14.89

100.00

Composition

Solid content 26.1%, aluminium concentration 11 phr.

Composition A Parts

Butyl cellosolve 51.00

Butyl carbitol 23.50

Dipropyleneglycol monomethyl ether 23.50

Surfynol 2.00

Mix the above 100.00

Composition methodComposition B Parts

EMR-D125（NV55%） 45.45


DISPARLONⓇ AQ-320（NV100%） 2.00

Add the butyl glycol and AQ-320 to the aluminium paste. Mix for 15 min.

100.00

Composition C Parts

Ion-exchange water 67.00

DISPARLONⓇ AQ-600 30.00


Add the AQ-600 and butyl cellosolve to the deionized water and mix slowly for 5 min. Then, increase the rotation speed (to 2,000 rpm in the dissolver) and mix for another 20 min.

100.00

Process

NeoCryl A-662 62.5parts

Check viscosity Spindle #2

6rpm 1400±100mPas・sec 60rpm 300±50mPas・sec

Mix for 10 min.

Mix for 15 min.

Mix for 15 min.

Mix for 5 min.

Mix for 5 min.

Use DMEA to adjust pH to 8.0±0.1

Use deionized waterto adjust viscosity

Check viscosity with BM-type viscometer

15.3 partsA

12.0 parts

20.0 parts

Composition A

Composition B

Composition C

B

C

Coating temperature/humidity 22℃　65%RH

Coating method Air spray

Spray pressure 4.5kg/cm2

Film thickness 30µm（when dry）Setting time 10min

Drying conditions 70℃、30min

Coating and drying conditions

Separation into two layers occurs in situations where a small amount of excess organic solvent, which is added to ensure constant quality, seeps to the surface. This layering may occur in certain storage conditions or as a result of vibration or impacts during transport. Such separation does not represent any deterioration in the aluminium paste’s quality or performance. Thoroughly mix the aluminium paste to obtain a uniform dispersion before use.

This occurs in leafing type aluminium paste where a small amount of excess fatty acid (stearic acid) separates from the aluminium paste. When storing in low temperature conditions, the base solvent’s solubility potential decreases and fatty acid can separate out on to the surface. Such separation does not represent any deterioration in the aluminium paste’s quality or performance. Heat the aluminium paste (to around 30°C) before use.

Layer separation

Fatty acid (stearic acid) separation

19 20

Instructions for handling of aluminium paste

Aluminium paste is a paste primarily composed of aluminium particles in flake

form and an oil-based solvent. The following instructions contain important

points for safe handling of our aluminium paste products. Please refer to

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) from Toyo Aluminium for further details.

■ After opening, use the full contents as soon as possible. If long term storage is absolutely necessary, ensure the aluminium paste is stored with an airtight seal.

■ To ensure the solvent does not ignite, do not use anywhere near possible sources of ignition (sparks or flames). If the aluminium paste does ignite, use a dry powder fire extinguisher or fire extinguishing sand. DO NOT use water. Aluminium reacts with water releasing hydrogen gas.

■ Aluminium reacts with water, acids and alkalis releasing hydrogen gas. Keep aluminium paste away from water, acids and alkalis.

Important points for handling

■ Please store in accordance with Japan’s Fire Service Act and other applicable laws and regulations.

■ Keep away from direct sunlight, rainwater, and excessive dampness. Store indoors in an airtight container at no more than 40°C and preferably at 15°C–25°C.

Information for storage and safekeeping

Troubleshooting

Regarding terminologyThe terminology below is used in this catalog as follows.

■ Single coat: Where a clear top coat is not applied.

■ Double coat: Where a second, clear top coat is

applied.

■ Glossiness: An expression of the degree of perceived

reflection of light from the aluminium paste.

■ Water covering area: Using the leafing phenomenon,

aluminium flakes are scattered evenly on a water

surface. When the flakes create a complete covering

without any gaps, the total mass of dry aluminium

flakes per unit of area gives the water covering area,

measured in cm2/g.

■ Aluminium paste contains mineral spirit, toluene and other organic solvents. When handling aluminium paste, ensure the area is well ventilated and always wear masks and gloves that are appropriate for organic solvents. Avoid contact with skin wherever possible.

■ When disposing of aluminium paste, please contact an organization authorized to perform industrial waste disposal or your local Toyo Aluminium representative.

■ Untreated (products): Aluminium paste is normally

coated with oleic acid or stearic acid. In that coating

condition, without any treatment in later processes,

the aluminium paste products are referred to as

untreated.

Activities

ISO activitiesToyo Aluminium actively undertakes ISO activities at its Shinjo and Hino plants and has achieved ISO certification at both of these operations centers. Starting with ISO 9001 for quality management systems and ISO 14001 for environmental management systems, recently, as the importance increased, these centers acquired ISO 27001 for information security management systems.

Global expansionToyo Aluminium maintains production facilities in four diverse regions: Japan (Shinjo Plant, Hino Plant, Gose Plant, Hirano Plant); North America (Toyal America, Inc.); Europe (Toyal Europe S.A.S.U.); and China (Toyal Zhaoqing Co., Ltd. manufactures aluminium paste, and

Hunan Ningxiang Jiweixin Metal Powder Co., Ltd. manufactures aluminium powder). Our company undertakes complete procurement and production from atomized powder (the raw material) through to aluminium paste (the finished product).

In addition to serving the needs of a variety of local customers, we are also initiating a cooperative system between manufacturing centers to address the needs of customers with global activities. In order to further improve service to customers throughout the world, we will continue our proactive international expansion.

Environmental management activitiesToyo Aluminium has been awarded ISO 14001 certifi-cation for environmental management systems and we manage our energy use and are working to reduce it.Furthermore, we put our PCF series of pigments for powder coatings, which do not need to use organic solvents when applied, onto the market at the earliest possible opportunity. We are also continuing active development of environmentally friendly aluminium paste pigment for water-borne paints.

Manufacturing Bases in Japan

Shinjo Plant● Obtained ISO9001/ISO14001/ISO27001 certification● 228-1, Shinmachi, Katsuragi, Nara 639-2127, Japan TEL : +81-3-745-69-3091Products ◆ Aluminium paste

◆ CHROMASHINE, Cosmicolor◆ Stainless steel flakes and others

Manufacturing Bases Overseas

Toyal Europe S.A.S.U (France)● Obtained ISO9001/ ISO 9002/ ISO 14001 certificationhttp://www.toyal-europe.com/Products ◆ Aluminium powder

◆ Aluminium paste

Toyal Zhaoqing Co., Ltd.● Obtained ISO9001/ ISO 14001 certificationProducts ◆ Aluminium paste

Hunan NingXiang Jiweixin Metal Powder Co., Ltd.● Obtained ISO9001/ISO14001 certificationProducts ◆ Aluminium powder

Toyal America, Inc.● Obtained ISO9001/BSI-OHSAS18001 certificationhttp://www.toyala.com/Products ◆ Aluminium powder

◆ Aluminium paste

Hino Plant● Obtained ISO9001/ISO14001/ISO27001 certification● 341-14 Aza Higashiyama, Oaza Otani, Hino-cho, Gamo-gun, Shiga 529-1608, Japan TEL: +81-3-748-53-1151 Products ◆ Aluminium powder and aluminium alloy powder

◆ Aluminium nitride powder◆ Various functional inks and others

Gose Plant● Obtained ISO 9001 certification● 410 Muro, Gose-shi, Nara 639-2277 TEL : +81-745-62-5151Products ◆ Aluminium paste

◆ Colored aluminium Friend Color◆ Conductive flake powder and others

Hirano Plant● Obtained ISO 9001 certification● 3-5-24 Kamikita, Hirano-ku, Osaka 547-0001 TEL: +81-6-6795-7707Products ◆ Conductive plating filler

◆ Dummy balls◆ Various kinds of plating treatment (electrolytic and non-electrolytic)

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Documents

· 1 2 Production procedure of aluminium powder and paste Aluminium paste is an aluminium pigment in paste form, manufactured with high purity aluminium as …