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User Experience Design Heuristics
User Experience Design Heuristics
Presented by Nathanael Boehm
Thursday 22 January 2009
What is User Experience Design?
User Experience is defined by the perception people develop and retain following their interaction with an interface, device or service.
Therefore User Experience Design is about consciously designing an interface, device or service to ensure users develop a desired perception: a positive experience.
User Experience Honeycomb
Copyright Peter Morville
User Experience Honeycomb
Copyright Peter Morville
Heuristics in Design
Design between user-testing
points
Absence of active user input
Based on:
general research and experience
project-specific knowledge of
users
documented checklists and
guidelines
Heuristics in Testing
Laboratory-style simulation versus real-world use of product by real people.
Each aspect generally evaluated in isolation.
Wont pick up all accessibility and usability problems.
Usability vs. Accessibility
Accessibility: Ability to access
the product or service
Usability: Ability to use and
interact with the product or
service once it has been
accessed
Accessibility is not about blind users
Colour blindness and poor sight
Epilepsy
JavaScript and client configuration
Web browser compatibility
Bandwidth and connectivity
Screen resolutions
Mobile devices
Input/output device limitations
Search engines
Data access
Printing
Heuristic Accessibility Testing
Colour contrast
Cross-browser compatibility
Variety of screen resolutions
Mobile devices
JavaScript disabled
CSS disabled
Search engine indexing
performance
Slow Internet connections
Accessibility is Mandatory
W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Disability Discrimination Act 1992
World Wide Web Access:
Disability Discrimination Act Advisory Notes
Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission
2000 Government Online Strategy
Agencies must achieve level "A" conformance
Level "AA" conformance recommended
Commonwealth Disability Strategy
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Priority 1 includes:
Screen is readable without stylesheets
Information conveyed with colour is also available without colour
Text equivalents for non-text elements (images)
Control flickering
Simplest language
Row and column headers in tables
Naked pages: Done right
Naked pages: Done right
Naked pages: Not so good
Copyright The Good Guys - www.thegoodguys.com.au
Naked pages: Not so good
Copyright The Good Guys - www.thegoodguys.com.au
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
Priority 2 includes:
Foreground/background contrast
Use stylesheets to control presentation
Relative units (resizability, flexibility)
Dynamic content is accessible
Header elements
Metadata
Site map
Tables only for tabulated data
Usable design
Interfaces, language and processes appropriate to the user; considering:
cognitive schemas and metaphors
business
situation and environment
education and training
culture
Considerations in Usable Design
User-focused rather than system-focussed
System feedback to users
Control, flexibility and freedom
Consistency and standards
Error handling/prevention, exception support
Considerations in Usable Design
Minimising thought-process disruption and need for
recall
Efficiency &
performance
Aesthetics & simple/
minimalist design
Help and guidance
Useless error messages
Copyright The Good Guys - www.thegoodguys.com.au
Now what do I do?
Cognitive load & disruption
A bit of science
Positioning downlights so they illuminate work areas.
Making an exception an exception
At this screen during a normal transaction the ATM would be asking you if you want a receipt.
I normally say "No" which in this exception would cancel the transaction.
It's not obvious it's an exception.
Post-development
There are just some things that are either impossible to
anticipate, plan for and document.
There are some aspects of implementing usable design that
require experience and diligence from the developer.
There is always going to be the need to assess and calibrate designs post-development.
Detail matters small tweaks
Dynamic menus:
Show trigger & visuals
Gaps & buffers
Timing
Effects
Detail matters small tweaks
Dynamic menus:
Show trigger & visuals
Gaps & buffers
Timing
Effects
Detail matters small tweaks
Dynamic menus:
Show trigger & visuals
Gaps & buffers
Timing
Effects
Detail matters small tweaks
Dynamic menus:
Show trigger & visuals
Gaps & buffers
Timing
Effects
Accessibility assessments
How a heuristic accessibility assessment is conducted:
Examining source code
Page assembly deconstruction
Running it through validators
Screen readers
SEO analytics
Testing against W3C WCAG
Usability assessments
How a heuristic usability assessment is conducted:
Exploratory navigation
Interactive component/widget analysis
Asset load sequence & timing analysis
Assessment against principles such as:
Jakob Nielsens Ten Usability Heuristics
Bruce Tognazzis First Principles of Interaction Design
Conclusion
Heuristic expert accessibility and usability design input and
assessment is an important part of the process.
However
It alone does not constitute user-centred design and must complement end user testing.
Conclusion
In the absence of detailed information, we all work from assumptions about who the user is, what he or she does, and what type of system would meet his or her needs. Following these assumptions, we tend to design for ourselves, not for other people.
- Human Factor: Designing Computer Systems for People by Richard Rubinstein and Harry Hersh
Conclusion
Heuristic expert accessibility and usability design input will
get you in the ballpark but involving real users to inform the
design throughout the project and validate the output is
essential.
Client acceptance, stakeholder acceptance all good but what were
really after is
user acceptance.