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25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
MANAGING DIVERSITYGender Stereotypes : Moving forward together !
Gender stereotypes study (IMS, 2012)
Patrick SCHARNITZKYAffiliate Professor ESCP Europe
Emmanuelle LEONProfessor ESCP EuropeScientific Director of the Advanced Master in HR & Organizational Management
Maureen BOIS (2004)Human Resource & Change Management Manager BEARING POINT
Karine CONTE (1989)Manufacturing School Manager, RENAULT
Laurent DEPOND (1986)VP Diversity & Inclusion, ORANGE
Stéphanie GUEDEZ (2012)Diversity & Inclusion Manager, AIRBUS
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
WHY STEREOTYPES ?
PROCESS
Managing Diversity : 2 strategies
MENTALITIES
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
STEREOTYPES
IN HELLThe English are the cooksThe Swiss are the lovers
The Germans are the police officersThe French are the workers
And everything is organised by the Italians
IN HEAVENThe French are the cooksThe Italians are the lovers
The English are the police officersThe Germans are the workers
And everything is organised by the Swiss
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Research program :
• 2011 : Stereotypes and disability
• 2012 : Gender stereotypes
• 2014 : Stereotypes and origins
Financial support from F.S.E. and 9 companies About 900 managers
www.valeursetdeveloppement.com
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
3 STEREOTYPES
HETERO 䗢䗢䗢䗢 䗠䗠 䗢䗢䗢䗢
AUTO 䗠 䗢䗢䗢䗢
META 䗠 䗢䗢 䗠
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of view about women and menCLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine environment but « integrated » by women
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify stereotypes
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization, defense strategies which are ineffective
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of view about women and menCLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine environment but « integrated » by women
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify stereotypes
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization, defense strategies which are ineffective
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
10,1
56,3
33,611,9
60,6
27,5
MASCULINE COMPETENCIES
As seen by men As seen by women
FEMININE COMPETENCIES
EXPERTISE
KNOWLEDGE
SOFT SKILL
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Content of free associations (men’s and women’s answers)
MASCULINE COMPETENCIES
FEMININECOMPETENCIES
KNOWLEDGE Logical intelligence, analytical skills
Intuitive intelligence, creativity
EXPERTISE Doing orientation, strategy, leadership, authority
Organisation, rigour, attention to detail, teamwork
SOFT SKILLS Negotiation, stress management, communication
Listening skills, empathy, tact, sensitivity
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of view about women and menCLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine environment but « integrated » by women
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify stereotypes
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization, defense strategies which are ineffective
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
STEREOTYPES
AUTO HETERO META
Men
4,6
5,0
3,9
Women4,6
3,7
4,1
++
--
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Managers’ point of view (women)
WomenWomen
Women managersWomen managers
Women top leaders
Women top leaders
Managers’ point of view (men)
WomenWomen
WomenmanagersWomen
managers
Women top leaders
Women top leaders
As managers, men appreciate women …
As managers, women appreciate women …
… who « remain at their place » ! … who are similar to them !
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of view about women and menCLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine environment but « integrated » by women
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify stereotypes
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization, defense strategies which are ineffective
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Self-limitation
INTERNAL CAUSES Men Women
Women limit themselves 29 % 54 %
Women are less attracted by power 40 % 49 %
THE GLASS CEILING Men Women
INTERNAL CAUSES Linked to women themselves
20 % 34 %
EXTERNAL CAUSESIndependent of women
41 % 51 %
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Masculinization
“Some women could be a role model for other women. Instead they are killers, they say to themselves : ‘I suffered to reach that level, so they have to suffer as well!’”
« In a feedback after an interview, we spoke about my eyes, the way I dress... I took it into account, it is scandalous but it has forced me to move forward, I had to change “
“ Women who have important responsibilities should be exemplary. But they are sometimes worse than men! We really do not want to be like them!»
Women are sometimes harder than men in their management
85 %
Women become more career-oriented than men 53 %
Women can be very tough with their female colleagues 44 %
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
4 MAIN RESULTS
MARS AND VENUS : A shared AND differentiated point of view about women and menCLOSED CIRCUIT : Stereotypes coming from a masculine environment but « integrated » by women
JUSTIFICATION : A discrimination feeling leading to justify stereotypes
SELF-DEFENSE : Self-limitation and masculinization, defense strategies which are ineffective
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
Discrimination feelingMEN WOMEN
With otherwise equal skills, are men better paid than women?
34 % 67 %
Do men and women have equal access to internal promotion?
67 % 39 %
Is it more difficult for a woman to become a top manager?
42 % 71 %
Link with stereotypes : The stronger the feeling of discrimination among managers toward women, the stronger and more negative their stereotypes
25 ANSMS Management des RH et
des Organisations
MANAGING DIVERSITYGender Stereotypes : Moving forward together !
Patrick SCHARNITZKYAffiliate Professor ESCP Europe
Emmanuelle LEONProfessor ESCP EuropeScientific Director of the Advanced Master in HR & Organizational Management
Maureen BOIS (2004)Human Resource & Change Management Manager BEARING POINT
Karine CONTE (1989)Manufacturing School Manager, RENAULT
Laurent DEPOND (1986)VP Diversity & Inclusion, ORANGE
Stéphanie GUEDEZ (2012)Diversity & Inclusion Manager, AIRBUS
