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INTERNATIONAL BUSINESSPROJECT
MMS-II (Semi- III)
PRESENTED TO:
Dr. AMOL GORE
DATE- 10/08/2009
GROUP MEMBERS
• PRADNYA BHALERAO C-03• SWAPNIL CHAVAN P-04• AVINASH KARDE P-14• SAIDAS NAIK P-23• SATISH RAJPAL C-30• ANANDITA SINGH C-34• PRATIKSHA RANE C-42• JAYASHREE PRABHU C-43
INTRODUCTION ABOUT GLOBALIZATION
BUILDING GLOBAL COMPANIES
GLOBAL MANAGERS
Globalization
WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?• The trend toward countries joining together
economically,• Education• Society • Politics and • Viewing themselves not only through their
national identity but also as part of the world as a whole.
NEED FOR
GLOBALIZATION
Technology in developing countries.
It has benefited women and children’s rights.
• EXAMPLE:• Uganda has the world's
youngest population, according to a 2008 World Bank report.
• It also has the highest youth (ages 15-24)
• unemployment rate: 83 percent. • Uganda Rural Development
Programme / World Bank
It raises life expectancy.
It is reducing poverty worldwide.
It promotes world peace.
IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION
• COMMUNICATION• TRANSPORTATION• TRADE• LIBERALISATION
IMPORTANCE AND NEED
• Global Marketing / Advertising
• Outsourcing
PROS• Pros Of Globalization
• With globalization, there is a global market for companies to trade their products & a wider range of options for people, to choose from among the products of different nations.
• Developing countries benefit a lot from globalization, as there is a sound flow of money and thus, a decrease in the currency difference.
• To meet the increasing demands that follow globalization, there is an increase in the production sector. This gives loads of options to the manufacturers as well.
• Competition keeps prices relatively low, and as a result, inflation is less likely to occur.
……CONTD• The focus is diverted and segregated among all the
nations. No country remains the single power head; instead there are compartmentalized power sectors. The decisions at higher levels are meant for the people at large.
• Communication among the countries is on the rise, which allows for better understanding and broader vision.
• As communication increases amongst two countries, there is interchange of cultures as well. We get to know more about the other's cultural preferences.
• As we feed to each other's financial needs, the ecological imbalance is also met . Governments of countries show concern about each other.
CONS
• Globalization is causing Europeans to lose their jobs as work is being outsourced to the Asian countries. The cost of labor in the Asian countries is low as compared to other countries.
• The high rate of profit for the companies, in Asia, has resulted in a pressure on the employed Europeans, who are always under the threat of the business being outsourced.
• Companies are opening their counterparts in other countries. This results in transferring the quality of their product to other countries, thereby increasing the chances of depreciation in terms of quality.
……CONTD
• There are experts who believe that globalization is the cause for the invasion of communicable diseases and social degeneration in countries.
• The threat that the corporate would rule the world is on high, as there is a lot of money invested by them.
• It is often argued that poor countries are exploited by the richer countries where the work force is taken advantage of and low wages are implemented.
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OFGLOBALIZATION
Advantages Disadvantages
Increased free trade between nations Increased flow of skilled and non-skilled jobs from developed to developing nations as corporations seek out the cheapest labor
Increased liquidity of capital allowing investors in developed nations to invest in developing nations
Increased likelihood of economic disruptions in one nation effecting all nations
Corporations have greater flexibility to operate across borders
Corporate influence of nation-states far exceeds that of civil society organizations and average individuals
Global mass media ties the world together
Threat that control of world media by a handful of corporations will limit cultural expression
Increased flow of communications allows vital information to be shared between individuals and corporations around the world
Greater chance of reactions for globalization being violent in an attempt to preserve cultural heritage
Advantages Disadvantages
Greater ease and speed of transportation for goods and people
Greater risk of diseases being transported unintentionally between nations
Reduction of cultural barriers increases the global village effect
Spread of a materialistic lifestyle and attitude that sees consumption as the path to prosperity
Spread of democratic ideals to developed nations
International bodies like the World Trade Organization infringe on national and individual sovereignty
Reduction of likelihood of war between developed nations
Increase in the chances of civil war within developing countries and open war between developing countries as they vie for resources
Increases in environmental protection in developed nations
Decreases in environmental integrity as polluting corporations take advantage of weak regulatory rules in developing countries
CHALLENGES• Productivity: Productivity is improved by producing in countries
where production is most efficient. However, this often means workers in one country lose jobs as their work moves to more efficient locations.
• Consumers: Consumers benefit from a wider array of competitively priced goods. However, they have less control over supplies coming from abroad than over goods produced domestically.
• Employment: Employment may increase as economic growth and specialization take hold. However, domestic employment fluctuates according to foreign conditions (such as economic crises elsewhere that reduce demand for employment domestically).
• The Environment: As global consumption increases due to globalization, more natural resources deplete. Differing environmental standards across countries create opportunities for businesses to exploit resources in countries with the least amount of environmental protection regulation.
• Monetary and Fiscal Conditions: As money moves more freely, it is better able to seek out the best investment opportunities on a global scale. However, governments have less control over the inflow and outflow of funds. Furthermore, capital seems to be flowing more freely to countries with lower tax rates and less regulatory restrictions, putting additional pressures on national fiscal and monetary policies.
• Sovereignty: Globalization may undermine national sovereignty in two ways: First, contact with other countries creates more cultural borrowing and may dilute a country's cultural uniqueness. Second, countries are concerned that important decisions may be made abroad by foreign owners of domestically located firms.
IMPACT• India’s growth rate in the 1970’s was very low at 3% and GDP
growth in countries like Brazil, Indonesia, Korea, and Mexico was more than twice that of India.
• Though India’s average annual growth rate almost doubled in the eighties to 5.9%, it was still lower than the growth rate in China, Korea and Indonesia. The pick up in GDP growth has helped improve India’s global position.
• India’s position in the global economy has improved from the 8th position in 1991 to 4th place in 2001; when GDP is calculated on a purchasing power parity basis.
• During 1991-92 the first year of Rao’s reforms program, The Indian economy grew by 0.9%only.
• However the GDP growth accelerated to 5.3 % in 1992-93, and 6.2% 1993- 94.
• A growth rate of above 8% was an achievement by the Indian economy during the year 2003-04.
• India is ranked 18th among the world’s leading exporters of services with a share of 1.3% in world exports
• India’s GDP growth rate can be seen from the following graph since independence
INDIA’s GDP Growth Rate
BUILDING GLOBAL COMPANIES
PESTLE Analysis
Political factors
• Stability of the government
• Type of government
- Democratic
- Theocracy (religious)
- monarchy ( kingdom)
• Control structure
Canada, USA ( decentralized province)
Japan, France( centralized)
• Govt take over of asset(with or without
permission)
• Operational restriction
• Remittance/ Repatriation restrictions
• Government policies
• Opposition parties, pressure groups, external
linkages
Economic factors
• Economic system ( open / mixed)
• Economic development
• Standard of living( per capita income)
• Sectorial share in GDP
• Foreign Exchange reserves
• Economic indicators( inflation rate, BOP)
Socio cultural factors
Socio cultural environment
Behavioral attributes
Demographic factors
values
attitudes
Population growth
Age , sex distributio
n
Geographic spread
Technological factors
Differentiation strategy
Competitive advantage
Legal factors
• Home country laws
• Host country laws
• International laws
UN resolutions, Patents & Trademark
protection & piracy laws, GATT, codes of
conduct
Entry strategy for global companies
• Exporting ( Direct or Indirect)• Licensing• Franchising• Contract manufacturing/ International
subcontracting• Strategic Alliance• Joint ventures• Wholly owned subsidiary• Mergers & Acquisition
TOYOTA
Kiichiro Toyoda, founder of TMC, 1929
From starting, eye on global
competition
Use of cultural practices in business
Taiichi ohno , founder of TPS Customer 1st, dealer 2nd, manufacturer 3rd…
Elimination of 3 M’s
MUDA(Waste)
MURA(unevennes
s)
MURI( Overburdening)
Higher Levels of Inventory Hides Problems
Poor Quality
UnreliableSupplier
MachineBreakdownInefficient
Layout
BadDesign
LengthySetups
JIT
Lower Levels Of Inventory To Expose Problems
Poor Quality
UnreliableSupplier
MachineBreakdownInefficient
Layout
BadDesign
LengthySetups
“5 Why” investigation process
Level of problem Corresponding level of countermeasure
There is a puddle of oil on the shop floor
Clean up the oil
Because the machine is leaking oil
Fix the machine
Because the gasket has deteriorated
Replace the gasket
Because we bought gasket made of inferior material
Change gasket specification
Because we got the good deal on those gaskets
Change purchasing policies
Because the purchasing agent gets evaluated on short term cost savings
Change the evaluation policy for purchasing agents
WHY?
WHY?
WHY?
WHY?
WHY?
5 S’s
SEIRIClear out rarely used items by red tagging
SEISOClean it
SEIKETSUCreate rules to sustain the first
3 S’s
SHITSUKEUse regular
management audit to stay
discipline
SEITONOrganize & label
a place for everything
Philosophy (Long term thinking)
Process ( eliminate waste)
People & PartnersRespect, Challenge & Grow
Problem solving“Kaizen”
4 principle categories
Toyota’s Global Marketing
Product research :
- 2 time visit to ford plant
- Design requirements “Genchi genbutsu “( go look, go see)
- Customized product ( Toyota sienna for North America)
Place or Distribution research :
- Trust in minds of supplier
( Be slow in choosing a person and much slower in loosing that person)
- Few but Big supplier(JIT)
- Cross Docking
Toyota’s Global HR functions
3 stage process of selection
- Written application process
- Attending Job fair
- 3 one hr. interviews
Internal motivation theories
Theory Concept Toyota Approach
Maslow’s need hierarchy Theory
Satisfy lower level needs & move employees up the hierarchy toward self actualization
Job security, good pay , safe working conditions satisfy lower level needs. Culture of continuous improvement supports growth towards self actualization
Herzberg’s Job Enrichment Theory
Eliminate “dissatisfiers” ( hygiene factors) and design work to create positive satisfiers ( motivators)
5S, visual management, HR policies address hygiene factors. Kaizen, job rotation, and built in feedback support motivators.
Motivational strategies
External motivation theories ( splashy reward system)
Myth Vs Reality of TPS Myth What TPS is not
Reality What TPS is
A tangible recipe for success A consistent way of thinking
A management project or program
A total management philosophy
A set of tools for implementation Focus on total customer satisfaction
A system for production floor only
Quality built in process
Implementable in short or mid term period
A never ending search for a better way
Crisis handling
1948 1977
McDonalds Corporation
• Emblem of Globalization
• World’s Largest Chain of Fast Food Restaurants
• Serves Nearly 47 million Customers Daily
• 119 Countries & Territories
• 31,000 Restaurants & 1.5 m Employees
• Hamburgers, Cheeseburgers, Chicken Products, French Fries, Breakfast items, Soft drinks, Milkshakes & Desserts
Types of Restaurant• Drive-Thru, Auto-Mac, Pay and Drive, or
McDrive
• Solid Gold McDonald's
• McCafé
• McExpress
• McStop
First Mcdonalds Restaurant
• On May 15th 1940, San Bernardino, California.
• Menu of 25 Items (mostly Barbeque)
• 20 Employees
• Popular and highly profitable teen hangout
• 1948: Innovative ‘Speedee Service System’
• Only Hamburgers, Milkshakes & French fries
• Introduced ‘Speedee’ as their mascot
• 1953: Franchised restaurant in Arizona & Michigan
• 1954: Mr Ray Kroc proposed to Franchise Mcdonalds outside Arizona & Michigan
• 1955: ‘Mcdonalds Systems Inc’ Legal Structure of planned franchises
• 1958: 100 millionth Hamburger
• 1959: 100th Mcdonalds Restaurant & Billboard Advertising
• 1960: Renamed as Mcdonalds Corporation
• 1963: 500th Mcdonalds Restaurant, Introduced ‘Ronald’ as their new Mascot
• 1967: First restaurant outside US
1970-1980 U.S. Virgin
Islands Puerto Rico Guam
Japan (5000th) Netherlands Panama
Germany (Beer) Australia France
El Salvador Sweden Guatemala
England Hong Kong Bahamas
New Zealand Switzerland Ireland
Austria Belgium Brazil
Singapore
1981-1990
Spain Denmark Philippines
Malaysia Norway Taiwan
Andorra Wales Finland
Thailand Aruba Luxembourg
Venezuela Italy Mexico
Cuba Turkey Argentina
Maca Scotland Yugoslavia
South Korea Hungary Soviet Union
China Chile
1991-1995
Indonesia Portugal Northern Ireland
Greece Uruguay Martinique
Czechoslovakia Guadeloupe Poland
Monaco Brunei Morocco
Northern Marianas Iceland Israel
Slovenia Saudi Arabia Botswana
Kuwait New Caledonia Oman
Egypt Bulgaria Bahrain
Latvia United Arab Emirates
Estonia
Romania Malta Colombia
Slovakia South Africa Honduras
Qatar Saint Martin
1996-2008Croatia Western Samoa Fiji Islands
Liechtenstein Lithuania Cyprus
India Peru Jordan
Paraguay Dominican Republic French Polynesia
Belarus (100th Country)
Ukraine Yemen
Republic of Macedonia
Ecuador Réunion
Isle of Man Suriname Moldova
Nicaragua Lebanon Pakistan
Sri Lanka Georgia San Marino
Gibraltar Azerbaijan French Guiana
American Samoa Mauritius Kazakhstan
Montenegro Algeria
Business Model• Earns Revenue as an Investor in
Properties
• Only 15% of the restaurants are operated by the company itself
• UK Business model is different
• One out of eight workers in the U.S. has been Employed with Mcdonalds
Break-up of Outlets (2008)
Type of Outlet No. Of Outlets
Company operated 6,502
Conventional Franchises
18,402
Developmental Licenses
2,926
Foreign Affiliated Markets
4,137
TOTAL 31,967
Controversies• Often a Target of Criticism for its Menu
• The McLibel Trial, also known as McDonald's Restaurants v Morris & Steel
• In 2001, Eric Schlosser's book Fast Food Nation included criticism of the business practices of McDonald's
• In 2002, misrepresention of French fries as vegetarian
• Morgan Spurlock's 2004 documentary film Super Size Me
• Soya supplied by agricultural giant Cargill
PEPSICO
Product Range
Financial Highlights
Global Centers
History
• PepsiCo is a world leader in convenient snacks, foods and beverages.
• Revenues of more than $39 billion .
• Over 185,000 employees.
• PepsiCo entered India in 1989.
PEPSI
Brand Ambassador
X - Global Ambassador
Market share of Soft drinks
Global Marketing Strategies :-Slim Cans to build personal connections.
Pepsi New Logo
PEPSI PESTICIDE CASE – (Ethical?)
News Release• PepsiCo Reaches Merger Agreements with
Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas.(4th Aug 2009)
- Fully-Integrated System
- Strategically Transform North American Beverage Business
GLOBAL MANAGERS
Manager’s global vision is shaped by several factors
• Global mindset
"Think Local Act Global".
• Adaptation to local conditions
External forces which drive global mindset
• Leadership View of the world
• Administrative Heritage
• Organizational Structure
• Industry forces
Global Manager’s thought process
• Multicultural approach to reflect global operations • Shift of focus on "soft tools" - Vision, process and
people to achieve objectives • Collaboration with a network of vendors, partners &
customers• Recruitment from global talent pool - to get best set
of people• Global transfer of human resources - global
learning/training process• Creating a learning Organization• Focus on big picture - respond rapidly to global
business environment changes.
Roles of a Global Manager
• Select & Implement Foreign Market Entry– Select Countries, Mode of Entry etc
• Perform Local Marketing Abroad– Promote Products and Services– Conduct Market Research– Manage Advertising Campaign
• Manage Global Operations
Skills of Global Manager
Skills Foreign Entry Local marketing Global Management
Market Analysis Market ResearchBarriers to Entry
Local Customer BehaviorLocal Market Research
Global Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning
Strategy Modes of EntryExpansion Paths
Local Marketing Strategy
Global Marketing Strategy
Implement& Execution
Finding the right Agent
Marketing in New Countries
Meeting Goals, Motivating & E-Commerce
Culture & Managerial Skills• Successful mangers tend to be good at
acceptable behaviors and avoid unacceptable behaviors
• Lessens from past managerial experience in other countries has little value in other cultures.
• Success & Failures in the past will be repeated elsewhere, before learning the local implications
Managerial Styles• Cultures tend to generate different
managerial styles. Management styles is heavily influenced by home country culture.– Japan High Context culture influences mangers
to read body language while in US, a low context culture tends to ignore body language
• Managers are usually inadequately trained to handle different cultures. – Time, Money pressure compromise training.
Cultural Dilemmas• Managers face cultural dilemmas
due to differences in cultures– Universalism Vs Particularism : Doing the right
thing or doing things right?– Individualism Vs Collectivism in decision making– Neutral Vs Emotional– Specific Vs General : Is it just business or the
whole person, individual or the entire firm– Attitudes towards Time– Attitudes towards Environment
“Jack" Welch, Jr.
• Born November 19, 1935 is the former Chairmen and CEO of General Electrics between 1981 and 2001.
• Graduating in 1957 with a Bachelor of
science degree in chemical engineering.
• Welch went on to receive his M.S and Ph.D at the University of Llinois at Urbana -Champaign in 1960.
• Welch joined General Electric in 1960. He worked as a junior engineer in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, at a salary of $10,500 annually.
• Welch was named a vice president of GE in 1972.
• He moved up the ranks to become senior vice president in 1977 and vice chairman in 1979.
• Welch became GE's youngest chairman and CEO in 1981
Welch strategies
• Welch worked to eradicate inefficiency by trimming inventories and dismantling the bureaucracy that had almost led him to leave GE in the past.
• Each year, Welch would fire the bottom 10% of his managers.
• He would reward those in the top 20% with bonuses and stock options.
• He is also known for destroying the nine-layer management hierarchy and bringing a sense of informality to the company.
• Delegating far greater authority to empowered employees.
• Welch adopted Motorola's Six Sigma quality program in late 1995.
• Welch launched the effort in late 1995 with 200 projects and intensive training programs
INDIAN MANAGERS
The steel tycoon, Lakshmi Mittal
Achievement: World's largest steel maker, he is among the world's richest person and richest person in the UK with personal wealth of US$19.3 billion
The steel tycoon, Lakshmi Mittal
• Founder of Mittal Steel• Chairman and CEO of
ArcelorMittal.• Member of the Foreign
Investment Council in Kazakhstan, International Investment Council in South Africa.
• Member of the World Economic Forum’s International Business Council.
Introduction
• Born: June 15, 1950.• Commerce graduate from St. Xaviers in
Kolkata.• He split from his father and two younger
brothers in 1994 and took the international arm.
• Lakshmi Mittal is married with two children Aditya Mittal and Vanisha Mittal.
Success Story
• Began his career working in the family's steelmaking business in India.
• In 1976, Mittal founded Mittal Steel Company
• 1989: Acquisition of Iron & Steel Company of Trinidad & Tobago.
• In 1994, he set out to establish its international division – buying of a run-down plant in Indonesia.
• Purchased of International Steel Group for $4.5 billion .
Success Story contd….
• 2003: He acquired the Kensington mansion, said to be the world's most expensive home, from Formula One racing's Bernie Ecclestone for £70 million ($128 million).
• 2005: Investment of $9 billion in Jharkhand, India announced.
• 2006: Merger between Mittal Steel and Arcelor.
• 2006: Investment for 12 million tonnes capacity steel plant announced in Orissa, India.
Success Story contd….
• Today, Mittal Steel is global steel producer in the world with operations on 14 countries, spanning 4 continents.
• Mittal holds steel assets in South Africa, Poland, Indonesia, and Kazakhstan, Romania, Bosnia Herzegovina, Ukraine and other nations.
Mittal merger Arcelor
One of the most controversial business deals ever- the acquisition of Arcelor Steel by Mittal Steel led to the creation of Arcelor-Mittal, the largest steel maker in the world.
Mittal Steel Company N.V. was formed by the merger of
– LNM holdings & ISPAT International
– International Steel Group Inc.
CEO Lakshmi Mittal’s family owned 88% of the company and its headquarter was in Rotterdam, Netherlands .
The company was the world’s largest steel producer by volume and also the largest in turnover and is now a part of ArcelorMittal.
Steel, Flat Steel products, Coated Steel, Tubes and Pipes.
L.N. Mittal
Arcelor was created through the merger of
– Arbed (Luxembourg)
– Aceralia (Spain)
– Usinor (France)
Merger was launched on 19 February 2001.
Choice of Arcelor name was anounced on 12 December 2001.
It was a major player in all its main markets: automotive, construction, metal processing, etc.
Guy Dolle was the CEO of Arcelor and its headquarter was in Luxembourg city.
Guy Dolle
The big deal
In January 2006, Mittal Steel launched a $22.7 billion offer to Arcelor’s shareholders.
The deal was split between Mittal Shares (75 percent) and cash (25 percent) .
Under the offer, Arcelor shareholders would have received 4 Mittal Steel shares and 35 euros for every 5 Arcelor shares they held .
End result- the final deal
On 25th June, 2006 the deal finally clinched when the shareholders of Arcelor agreed to Mittal Steel’s offer.
Mittal had to considerably sweeten the initial offer-by raising its valuation of Arcelor to $32.9 billion.
The Mittal family holds 43 percent of the combined group.
The combined company holds 10 percent of the global market for steel.
Criticism and allegations
• Slave-labour allegations.
• Controversial self-bonus.
• Environmental damage.
Awards & Recognition• Laxmi Mittal has achieved several awards and
accolades for his contribution to the steel manufacturing industry :
'Steelmaker of the Year' in the year 1996 by New Steel in the USA .
'European Businessman of the Year 2004' by Fortune magazine.
'Willy Korf Steel Vision Award' in the year 1998. 'Business Person of 2006' by the Sunday Times. 'International Newsmaker of the Year 2006' by Time
Magazine. 'Person of the Year 2006' by the Financial Times. ‘Padma Vibhushan Award’ in 2008.
Strengths of Indian Managers
• Analytical skills.• Resilience.• Adaptability to unknown terrain.• Good interpersonal skills.• Trustworthy.• Can work in complex and diverse
scenarios.• Willingness to learn.• Job knowledge.
Areas of Improvement
• Open-mindedness, ability to build juniors.
• Vision, values, strategic thinking, decision making skills, risk taking.
• Learning orientation, self renewal efforts, cross cultural sensitivity.
Which industries are looking for Indian Managers?
• Information Technology• Consulting• Investment Banking
What do they command in the global market?
• 30% of IIM A students (2007 batch) accepted offers from abroad.
• Packages were as high as $225,000 to $300,000 per annum.
• Average entry-level salary stood at $115,300
RATAN
TATA
At home in the world
Anchored in India and committed to its traditional values of leadership with trust, the Tata group is spreading its footprint globally through excellence and innovation.
Introduction
• Born on December 28, 1937.
• Graduated with a degree in Architecture and
Structural Engineering from Cornell University.
• Also completed advanced management programme
at Harvard Business School.
• Appointed the Director-in-Charge of The National
Radio & Electronics Company Limited (Nelco) in
1971.
• Became the Chairman of Tata Industries in 1981.
• Took over as Tata Group Chairman in 1991.
Tata ChemicalsTata PowerTata internationalTata SteelTata TeaTata MotorsTata Consultancy ServicesRallisIndian HotelsTata FinanceTata InfoTechVoltasTata Interactive Systems
TitanTata Share RegistryTata Fin AMEXTata Home FinanceTata TechnologiesTata RefractoriesTAYO RollsTata CoffeeTelconTata ServicesTata SSLTRFTrentTACO
TQMSTSMGTata IndustriesTAL AutomationNELCOTata Tele Services
Tata Auto plasticsTata Johnson ControlsTata Interactive SystemsTCE Consulting Engrs.Tata Investment CorpnTECSTFS
• Very dignified.
• Ethical.
• Dependable.
• Believes in keeping promises.
• Loyal and believes in relationships.
• Questioning the unquestionable.
• Risk taker not a speculator.
• Exemplary leadership qualities and a tremendous motivator.
Personality
Managerialroles
• Figure head.
• Entrepreneur.
• Resource allocator role.
• Disturbance handler.
Ratan Tata - Going Global
• 1998: Tata Motors came up with Tata Indica, the first truly Indian car.
• 2000: Tata Tea acquired the Tetley group of the UK for pounds 271 million ($435 million) - the biggest acquisition in the history of Indian Companies.
• 2003: Stepped down from executive position. Bought the truck unit of South Korea‘s
Daewoo Motors. A stake in one of Indonesia's biggest coal
mines, and steel mills in Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam
• 2004: Takeover of Tony hotels including New York's Pierre, the Ritz-Carlton in Boston, and San Francisco's Camden Place.
Purchase of Tyco International's undersea telecom cables.
• 2007: Tata Sons successfully acquired Corus Group for an estimated £6.7 billion.
“A defining moment for Tata Steel” – Tata said
Ratan Tata - Going Global
The man and his dream machine
• Year 2008:
“A promise is a promise”
A mini 4-seater priced, as
promised five years ago, at
Rs 1,00,000 (dealer price)
March 2008:
Tata Motors under Ratan Tata bought over Jaguar & Land Rover from Ford Motor Company. The icons of British Luxury, Jaguar and Land Rover were acquired for £1.15 billion ($2.3 billion).
Future prospects
• Priority markets: Tata group is focusing on a clutch of priority countries, which are expected to be of strategic importance in the years ahead.
• The regions are North America, UK, China, the Netherlands, Germany, South Africa, members of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Brazil, Vietnam, Thailand and Sri Lanka.
One hundred years from now, I expect the Tatas to be much bigger than it is now. More importantly, I hope the Group comes to be regarded as being the best in India.. best in the manner in which we operate, best in the products we deliver, and best in our value systems and ethics. Having said that, I hope that a hundred years from now we will spread our wings far beyond India.”
Vision
CONCLUSION
Globalisation
• Definition:– An economic phenomenon.– A social phenomenon.– A cultural phenomenon.
• The movement towards the expansion of economic and social ties between countries through the spread of corporate institutions and the capitalist philosophy that leads to the shrinking of the world in economic terms.
Globalisation
Globalisation could involve all these things!
Issues• Accountability
of Global businesses.
• Increased gap between rich and poor fuels potential terrorist reaction.
• Ethical responsibility of business.
• Efforts to remove trade barriers.
There are plenty of people who believe that globalisation is a negative development, protests at the G8 summits, pollution, poverty and concern over GM crops are just some of the issues.
Corporate Social Responsibility
• The integrity with which a company governs itself, fulfils its mission, lives by its values, engages with its stakeholders, measures its impact and reports on its activities.
• Includes Non polluting environment.• Demand from civil society, consumers,
governments, and others for corporations to conduct sustainable business.
• Being ethical while running their daily operations.
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WEBLIOGRAPHY
• International Business – By V.K. Bhalla & S.Shiva Ramu.
• www.tata.com• www.mittalsteel.com• www.arcelormittal.com• www.ge.com
