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2 and 1/2 hour workshop that covers contextual inquiry, empathy map, user experience map, MVP, elevator pitch, flow diagrams, stories, paper prototype and guerrilla usability testing.
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Designing an MVP that works for your users Ariadna Font Llitjós
UX Lead & Development Manager IBM, Big Data
@quicola #LeanUXNYC #LeanUX ariadna.font.cat
Write your expectations for this session
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
on a sticky
The Plan
Theory Brief Description of UX techniques User Research, Scoping, Prototyping and Testing
Practice
Focus on delivering an MVP fast with user-driven design
Collaborative design session - Build a Mobile App!
20 m
in
2 ho
urs
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Where are you?
UX
No UX
Product dev No product dev
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Paper prototype Usability Testing
Qualitative
Usability Testing
Quantitative Usability Testing
Pair testing
Controlled
experiments (A/B Testing)
Heuristic
evaluation
Cognitive walkthrough
Sketches
Flow diagram
Wireframes
Paper prototype
Mockups
Functional prototype
Contextual inquiry
(CI)
Personas
Empathy map
Stakeholder map
User Experience map
Journey map
Heuristic evaluation
Cognitive walkthrough
Benchmarking
Collaborative design
sessions (most of this workshop)
Brainstorming
Storyboard
Sketchboard
Inception deck
MVP
Elevator pitch
3 Must have goals
Flow diagram
Stories
Story map
“Agile schedule”
BDD
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Contextual Inquiry (User Research)
First hand observation of how people perform and structure their work (or any other relevant tasks)
Who does it? UX person or other team member. A pair of observers is ideal
Key benefits: • Best way to understand your users
• Only way to know what the real work flow/process is (vs the official one)
• Opportunity to discuss with users what they are doing and why
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
(Lean) Personas Characterization of a type of user that we want to target with our product/application
Who does it? Ideally, UX or somebody who has done some user research.
Key Benefits: • Document user research
• Remind team of users needs and motivations (different from managers and buyers)
• Allow team to ground communication throughout development
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Empathy Map
Explore a target user (persona) from different perspectives: Who am I? Behavior, See –Motivations, Do – Features, Say, Feel
Who does it? The Team
Key Benefits:
• Very quick way to have a holistic view of your target user
• Forces you to think about more than their role
• Allow team to ground communication throughout development
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
User experience map
Visual representation of the user workflow for accomplishing a goal. Key elements include:
• Questions to signal areas where more information/understanding is needed
• Comments with known information that clarifies / lends meaning
• Ideas to illustrate an interesting concept that could enhance a step
Who does it? The team
Key Benefits: • Make team’s (lack of) knowledge explicit
• Good to figure out areas that need (further) user research
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Rules for brainstorming
Defer judgment.
Encourage wild ideas.
Build on the ideas of others.
Stay focused on the topic.
Be visual.
One conversation at a time.
Go for quantity.
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Storyboard
Use of story telling to quickly visualize/share a solution to specific problem making use of personas and their behaviors, stories and any known constraints.
Who does it? The Team
Key Benefits: • Help us think about the problem in a creative way
• Facilitates focused communication
• Affordable and easy to do
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Sketchboard
It’s like story boarding but with sketches, almost like a biomap of the system you are building or about to build.
Who does it? Team with UX/designer’s help
Key Benefits: • Provides Big Picture using initial design ideas
• Very iterative and highly collaboratively
• Very focused requirement discussions
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Minimal Viable Product - MVP
• (First) product version to test our ideas as quickly and cheaply as possible.
• An MVP has just those features that allow the product to be deployed and validated, and no more.
• "The minimum viable product is that version of a new product (or feature) which allows a team to collect the maximum amount of validated learning about customers with the least effort.”
• Is not a minimal product, it’s a strategy and process directed towards making and selling a product to customers.
• The MVP works together with a build-measure-learn cycle: developing software, gathering customer feedback, and learning from it.
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Elevator Pitch
For [target user] !
who [statement of need or opportunity] !
the [product/app name] is a [product category] !
that [key benefit, compelling reason to buy/use]. !
Unlike [primary competitive alternative] !
our product/app [statement of primary differentiation]!
Who does it? The Team
Key Benefits: • Allows team to focus on differentiator feature(s) and direct their energy to
features with the highest business value
• Quick and inexpensive
!
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
3 Must have goals
1. …
2. …
3. …
Anything else goes in the Nice-to-have category.
Good to have a “Will not do/have” category as well.
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
User stories
Software system requirement formulated in one or two sentences in everyday or business language that makes explicit the user’s need. Example:
As a [type of user] !
I want to [perform some task] !
so that I can [reach some goal]!
Who does this? The team (dev, tester, doc or UX)
Key Benefits: • Provides a thinking template; token for a conversation
• Description of why the product needs to do what it does
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
User stories
Software system requirement formulated in one or two sentences in everyday or business language that makes explicit the user’s need. Example:
As a [type of user] !
I want to [perform some task] !
so that I can [reach some goal]!
Who does this? The team (dev, tester, doc or UX)
Key Benefits: • Provides a thinking template; token for a conversation
• Description of why the product needs to do what it does
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Flow diagram
Visualize the workflow the user has to follow through the application to complete a task or achieve a goal.
Can I use it?
Who does it? The Team
Key Benefits: • Quick way to run through the system from a user perspective
• Allows you to identify gaps in your current flow
• Affordable and easy to do
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Wireframes
Grayscale mockups showing layout and position of page elements (can range from low-fidelity to exact grid-based resolution)
Who does this? Typically UX, designer, but anyone can do it!
Key Benefits: • Easiest/cheapest way to realize and test ideas
• Great to get early feedback
• Can be done at any stage of development
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Paper Prototype
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Paper prototype usability testing
Usability testing on paper versions of wireframes or sketches that users can simulate slicks and talk through their thoughts and decisions
Who does it? Anyone can do this (be an observer)
Key Benefits: • Fastest and cheapest way to validate ideas/assumptions
• Results can be fed back into the design process immediately
• You can do this at any time you are not sure what is the best UI for a specific problem
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Usability Testing Facilitation 101
• Give user a specific task. Example: from the homepage, navigate to the Inspiration Zone and see if there is anything there that you’d like to buy; pretend there is, buy it.
• Use the think-out-loud protocol
• Stay neutral, non-judgmental. The user is never wrong.
“We’re testing the product, not you”
• Just observe, after stating the task, don’t tell them what to do or how to do it.
• Create questions that don’t bias the responses you hope to get. • Biased Q: Was it easy for you to sign up for the product
• Unbiased Q: Overall please rate how difficult or easy it was to sign up for this product 1 is difficult, 7 is easy.
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
To learn more about how to run your own UT…
Read this book
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Let’s Practice!
Collaborative Design Session
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Form teams of 4-6 people
Introduce yourself (role, something unusual)
You will collaboratively work on:
1. User Research and Analysis
2. Scoping
3. Prototyping
4. Usability Testing
5 min
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Challenge
Develop a Mobile App that helps promote networking and interaction between all conference attendees
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Contextual Inquiry
• Find a user and try to understand what they would want to do with this app (examples: check schedule, see how is in what session, chat with a speaker, rendezvous with random conference attendee, etc.)
• Have they used such an app before? What did they like/hate about it? Try to get them to show it to you.
• Observe and take notes
15 min
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Empathy Map
Explore multiple dimensions of your target users.
Do as a brainstorming exercise.
One idea per sticky.
Questions: Who are your users? What do they need/want?
15 min
Thinks
SeesHears
Does
Pains Gains
SaysFeels
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Empathy Map Examples
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
User experience map
Visual representation of the user workflow for a task
Using a user experience map, document:
1. The steps your user persona follows,
2. What you know? (comments) • Time and frequency of use.
• Location and physical context.
• Interactions with people or systems.
• Terminology and standards.
• Technical capabilities and limitations.
3. What don’t know about them (questions)
30 min
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
User Experience Map Examples
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
UX Map - Covering up the Questions
• Talk to domain experts
• Interview more users
• Watch users in their environment
• …
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Elevator Pitch
Create an elevator pitch to define what should be your MVP functionality.
Question: What do users want to do with the app? What’s our business proposition and the value added? (MUST haves vs NICE to haves)
10 min
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Elevator Pitch
For [target user] who [statement of need or opportunity] the [product/app name] is a [product category] that [key benefit, compelling reason to buy/use].
Unlike [primary competitive alternative]
our product/app [statement of primary differentiation]
!Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Paper prototyping
Now, pick a technique and apply it to design your killer feature (differentiator).
You can use a flow diagram or other paper artifact that you can use to do UT with.
Question: Can I use it?
20 min
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Guerrilla Usability Testing
Now let’s test your paper prototype!
Question: Can somebody outside your team use it?
• Do they know what they can do? and how to do it?
• Are there any big usability issues that would prevent your MVP from being broadly adopted?
10 min
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Usability Testing Facilitation 101
• Give user a specific task. Example: from the homepage, navigate to the Inspiration Zone and see if there is anything there that you’d like to buy; pretend there is, buy it.
• Use the think-out-loud protocol
• Stay neutral, non-judgmental. The user is never wrong.
“We’re testing the product, not you”
• Just observe, after stating the task, don’t tell them what to do or how to do it.
• Create questions that don’t bias the responses you hope to get. • Biased Q: Was it easy for you to sign up for the product
• Unbiased Q: Overall please rate how difficult or easy it was to sign up for this product 1 is difficult, 7 is easy.
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
How did that go?
What happened?
Teams Could your user finish the task you had designed?
Users Could you use the prototype? Would you buy it? Did the team do a good job at facilitating?
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Did we achieve the session’s goals?
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Did we achieve the session’s goals?
Did it meet your expectations?
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
+ & −
+ What was your favorite part of the session?
Did you have any a-ha moments?
Will you be able to take something you learned in this session back to your work/life? (if so, what?)
− What was your least favorite part?
What could be improved?
Would make it for a better learning experience for you?
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
QUESTIONS?
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola
Ariadna Font Llitjós @quicola #LeanUXNYC ariadna.font.cat
THANKS!
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