Data Localisation Trends

D A TA L O C A L I S A T I O N T R E N D S

M A R T I N A F R A N C E S C A F E R R A C A N E P O L I C Y A N A LY S T A T E C I P E

T E C H L A W TA L K S B Y K I N G & S PA L D I N G 1 8 M A Y 2 0 1 6

D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S : T H E D A TA B A S E A T A G L A N C E

- Database entirely dedicated to measures impacting digital trade

- 65 countries

- Regulatory measures + complaints

- More than 1000 measures identified

- Digital Restrictiveness Index

D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S : T H E D A TA B A S E A T A G L A N C E

13 main areas:

1. Tariffs and trade defence

2. Taxation and subsidies

3. Public procurement

4. Foreign investment

5. IPR

6. Competition policy

7. Business mobility

8. Data policies

9. Intermediary liability

10. Content access

11. Quantitative trade restrictions

12. Standards

13. Online sales and transactions

A TA X O N O M Y O F D A TA L O C A L I S A T I O N

Definition: a Government imposed restriction that results in the

localisation of data within a certain jurisdiction

Categorization:

1. Strict data localisation:

• Local storage

• Local storage and processing

• Ban to transfer (local storage, processing and access)

2. Conditional flow regime

P R O T E C T I O N I S M 2 . 0 ( ? )

Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in September 2016.

Note: The graph does not include one measure whose date of entry into force is unknown.

0"

10"

20"

30"

40"

50"

60"

70"

80"

90"

1960" 1965" 1970" 1975" 1980" 1985" 1990" 1995" 2000" 2005" 2010" 2015"

The$evolu)on$of$data$localisa)on$measures$

Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in September 2016.

Note: The graph does not include one measure whose date of entry into force is unknown.

0"

5"

10"

15"

20"

25"

30"

35"

40"

1960" 1965" 1970" 1975" 1980" 1985" 1990" 1995" 2000" 2005" 2010" 2015"

Evolu&on(of(data(localisa&on(measures(by(degree(of(restric&veness(

Ban"to"transfer/local"processing" Local"storage" Condi>onal"flow"regime"

Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in September 2016.

Ban$to$transfer/Local$processing$requirement$

34%$

Local$storage$requirement$

22%$

Condi;onal$flow$regime$44%$

Measures'by'degree'of'restric1veness'

Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in September 2016.

Africa'4%' La+n'America'

5%'

North'America'7%'

Asia6Pacific''39%'

Europe'45%'

Geographical,coverage,

Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in September 2016.

51%$

11%$

10%$

8%$

7%$

7%$

4%$2%$

Sectoral)coverage)

Horizontal$

Financial$sector$

Online$services$providers$

Public$sector$

Telecommunica@on$sector$

Other$

Gambing$sector$

Health$sector$

Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in September 2016.

41%$

13%$

12%$

8%$

8%$

7%$

5%$4%$ 2%$

Type%of%data%affected%

Personal$data$

Business$records$

All$sectoral$data$

Public$data$

User/consumer$data$

Financial$data$

All$data$

Other$

Health$data$

THE COST OF DATA LOCALISATION

Source: The cost of data localisation: Friendly Fire on Economic Recovery. ECIPE Occasional Paper No.8/2014.

THE COST OF DATA LOCALISATION

Source: The cost of data localisation: Friendly Fire on Economic Recovery. ECIPE Occasional Paper No.8/2014.

F R E E T R A D E A G R E E M E N T S 2 . 0

Trans-Pacific Partnership:

Art. 14.13: “No party shall require a covered person to use or

locate computer facilities in that Party’s territory as a

condition of conducting business in that territory”

Exceptions:

1. Carve-out on financial services

2. “Legitimate policy objective”

TTIP?

TiSA?

F R E E T R A D E A G R E E M E N T S 2 . 0

M A R T I N A F R A N C E S C A F E R R A C A N E E M A I L : M A R T I N A . F E R R A C A N E @ E C I P E . O R G

THANK YOU!