Rani lady bird kashmir2

www.themegallery.com

LOGO

SHAGUFTA RANI KHANZADA

DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGYFACULTY OF CROP PROTECTIONSINDH AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY, TANDO JAMPAKISTAN

EFFECT OF HOSTS ON THE BIOLOGY OF CONVERGENT LADYBIRD BEETLE, HIPPODAMIA CONVERGENS (COLEOPTERA COCCINELLIDAE) IN

LABORATORY CONDITIONS.

INTRODUCTION

The biological control is considered as one of the best components and vital part of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

Biological control is also defined as the reduction of pest population by natural enemies of insect pest,The biological control agents ; include predators, parasitoids and pathogens.

Predators, such as lady bird beetles belonging to family Coccinellidae order Coleoptera are mainly free living species that consume a large number of prey during their life time.

The ladybird beetles have a complete metamorphosis with distinct egg, larval, pupal and adult stages.

LIEE CYCLE OF CONVERGENT LADYBIRD BEETLE, HIPPODAMIA

CONVERGENS (COLEOPTERA COCCINELLIDAE

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The studies were carried out to determine the effect of host on the biology of convergens beetle,Hipodamiaconvergens(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae), in the laboratory department of Entomology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam

The adults, Hippodamia convergens were collected from Integrated pest Management and Agriculture Research Institute Tandojam fields, and reared in the laboratory to maintain the culture for experimentation.

The beetles collected from various fields were kept in a glass jar that was opened from both ends, a slight hole at base and a wide mouth at top. Bottom was closed by putting some cotton inside it while the face of jar was covered with muslin cloth surrounded by a rubber band.

The beetles were offered plenty of food (aphids) along with infested leaves.

The main objectives of studies were to record and compare the effect of different hosts on incubation, larval, pupal periods, percent emergence, adult (male and female) longevity, fecundity, and duration of life cycle, were observed under laboratory respectively.

The newly hatched larvae (Grubs) were separated from the culture and reared in petrii dishes and provided different aphid hosts,. The hosts were.

Mustard, (Brassica campestris L ) aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.).Wheat, (Triticum aestivum L ) aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Linn.)Nerium,( Nerium indicum L ) aphid, Aphis nerii (Boyr).Akk,( Calotropis procera Ait.) aphid, Aphis nerii (Boyr.)Safflower,( Carthamus tinctorius L) aphid, Uroleucon compositae (Theobald).

The data obtained were statistically analyzed by using ANOVA and DMR test by computer programme

RESULT

Table-1 Effect of various hosts on larval development of Hippodamia

convergens under laboratory conditions (Mean S.E days). G

Temp: 22.06 1.15 Relative Humidity, 70.38%Treatment 1st Instar 2nd Instar 3rd Instar 4th Instar

Nerium Aphid 2.94+0.31c 3.89+0.31e 4.3+0.92d 3.73+ 0.83d

Akk Aphid 3.78+0.75e 3.69+0.07d 5.12+0.76e 3.89+0.57e

Wheat Aphid 1.54+0.15a 2.84+0.47a 3.37+0.35b 2.39+0.36a

Safflower Aphid 2.75+0.35d 2.97+0.11b 3.41+1.22c 2.68+0.61b

Mustard Aphid 2.34+0.56b 3.14+0.60c 2.83+0.35a 3.11+1.27c

LSD 0.05 0.018 0.028 0.032 0.03

Mean followed by the same latter in a coloumn are not significantly (P<0.05) different from each other by LSD test.

Table-2 Effect of various hosts on duration of life cycle of Hippodamia convergens under laboratory cunditions (Mean S.E days).

Host Incubation Larval period Pupal period Adult Longevity

Male Female Female

Duration of life cycle

Nerium Aphid 2.4 14.70 + 0.34d 4.2+1.04d 14.1+3.2a 17.7+2.08a 39.0 a

Akk aphid 2.4 17.22 + 1.07e 4.76+1.25e 18.7+7.3 b 21.4+2.51b 45.78 e

Wheat Aphid 2.4 11.27 + 0.92a 2.42+0.36a 22.9+4.6e 26.0+1.0d 42.09 b

Safflower

Aphid

2.4 12.01 + 0.41c 3.07+0.69c 21.8+6.4c 25.7+3.51c 43.18 c

Musturd

Aphid

2.4 11.86 + 2.40b 2.98+0.24b 22.2+3.2 d 27.7+1.52e 44.94 d

LSD 0.05 - 0.19 0.034 0.052 0.093 2.03

Mean followed by the same latter in a coloumn are not significantly (P<0.05) different from each other by LSD test.

Table –3 Percent mortality of H. convergens during different stages of development under laboratory condition.

Host Total eggs %mortality of

eggs

1st instar 2nd instar 3rd instar 4th instar Pupae Total Total

%

Nerium

Aphid

215 32 3 5 5 4 2 19 42.2

Akk Aphid 199 43 6 5 5 4 - 20 44.4

Wheat Aphid 335 61 - 3 4 - - 7 15.6

Safflower

Aphid

314 69 1 7 2 2 3 15 33.4

Mustered

Aphid

345 54 - 1 2 2 4 9 20

Table -4 Effect of various host on adult body wheight, fecundity and Percent fertility of eggs of Hippodamia convergens under laboratory

conditions (Mean S.E)

Host Female weight Male weight Fecundity % Fertility

Nerium Aphid 8.3+0.11b 6.1+0.12a 215+15.0b 77.9+2.65a

Akk Aphid 8.1+0.26a 6.2+0.33b 199+16.0a 79.4+6.5b

Wheat Aphid 10.6+0.09d 8.3+0.21d 335+14.0d 82.6+10.9c

Safflower Aphid 9.8+0.34c 6.8+0.81c 314+12.5c 85.4+9.6d

Musturard Aphid

10.7+0.19e 8.8+0.45e 345+15.0e 86.4+10.2e

LSD 0.05 0.021 0.011 0.061 0.98

Mean followed by the same latter in a coloumn are not significantly (P<0.05) different from each other by LSD test.

CONCLUSION

As Hippodamia convergens was reared on different host species thus, the longest life cycle was recorded on Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi and shortest life cycle was recorded on Nerium

aphid, Aphis nerii.

The maximum fecundity and survival rate of H. convergens was observed on wheat aphid, D. noxia and minimum fecundity and survival rate was recorded when H. convergens fed akk aphid, Aphis nerii.

This indicated that the D. noxia is the most and akk aphid, Aphis nerii is the least suitable host for the development of H convergens.

Even, akk aphid, Aphis nerii was the juiciest host among other hosts but might be due to

presence of certain alkaloids; those aphid obtained from thus host plant became reason of less favourable found for H. convergens.

LOGO