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WHI.2a Hunter & Gatherer Societies
Hunter & Gatherer Societies ● Emerges in East Africa 100,000 to 400,000
years ago ● Homo sapiens migrated from Africa ● Ended up in Eurasia (Europe and Asia),
Australia, and the America.
Hunter & Gatherer Societies
● early humans were hunters and gatherers ● survival depended on the availability of wild
plants and animals
Hunter & Gatherer Societies
● Life was shaped by their physical environment ● People adapted by creating: igloos, caves,
mud huts & grass huts
WHI.2bc Paleolithic & Neolithic Eras
Paleolithic Era / Old Stone Age
● Paleolithic people thought with an O.L.D. M.I.N.D.
● Overcame limits set by physical environment ● Lived in clans (20-30 people) ● Developed oral language
Paleolithic Era / Old Stone Age
● Made and used fire ● Invented the first tools, including simple
weapons
Paleolithic Era / Old Stone Age
● Nomadic people migrated to hunt and gather food, water, and shelter
● Developed “Cave Art”
Neolithic Era / New Stone Age ● The Neolithic Era begins once man begins to
farm ● No longer a nomad, man can stay in one place
and build permanent villages
Neolithic Era / New Stone Age ● The Neolithic People got M.U.D.D.D.Y. ● Made pottery ● Used advanced tools ● Domesticate plants and animals
-domesticate: raise a plant or animal in a controlled way to suit human uses
Neolithic Era / New Stone Age ● The Neolithic People got M.U.D.D.D.Y. ● Developed weaving skills ● Developed agriculture(domesticated plants) ● Yearned for stable communities
WHI.2d Archaeology
Archaeologists ● Archaeologists study past
cultures by locating and analyzing:
● -human remains ● -settlements ● -fossils & artifacts(objects
made by humans)
Carbon Dating ● Artifacts like: tools, weapons, pottery, clothing
and jewelry and ● Carbon Dating is a scientific process scientists
use to figure out how old organic material is ● determines age of artifact ● Allows us to speculate about their daily lives
Catal Huyuk • Neolithic settlement under excavation in
Anatolia (today Turkey)
Stonehenge • Stonehenge is as easy to remember as A.B.C. • Archeological site in England • Begun in the Neolithic Era • Completed during the Bronze Age
Jericho & Aleppo
• Jericho & Aleppo • Early cities created • studied by archaeologists today • Both are located in the Fertile Crescent
Jericho
• One of the first permanent human settlements • Located in the Fertile Crescent
Aleppo
• One of the oldest cities in the world still inhabited by people- dates back to 6000 B.C.
• Located in present day Syria
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