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Thursday, December 18Discuss Freud’s Psychosexual Stages Discuss the Three Levels of the MindComplete Discussion of Freud ReviewCh. 14 Test: Fri., Dec. 19
Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of the psychodynamic approach
Wednesday, December 17
Return Ch. 6 Tests
Discuss Defense Mechanisms
Defense Mechanism Worksheet: Due Thursday, December 18
Learning Target: Identify which defense mechanism is used in various examples
Tuesday, December 16Introduce PersonalityDiscuss Three Parts of the PersonalityPsychology PlayhouseLearning Target:
• Analyze people’s personality in terms of which part of the personality is most dominant
• Define personality and explain the characteristics of the psychoanalytic approach
Thursday, December 19
Collect Defense Mechanism Worksheet
Discuss Psychosexual Stages
Defense Mechanism BINGO
Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of each of the psychosexual stages.
Wednesday, December 18
Complete Discussion of Defense Mechanisms
Analyze the “Cat in the Hat”
Homework: Defense Mechanism Worksheet
(this is MANDATORY) Due: tomorrow 12/19
Learning Target: Analyze which part of the personality the characters in the “Cat in the Hat”
exemplify
Wednesday, December 19
Collect Personality Key Concepts and Terms (OPTIONAL)
Review Jeopardy
Ch. 14 Test: Tomorrow: 12/20
Chapter 14: Personality
Personality: An individual’s unique, consistent, patterned methods of behaving in relation to the environment
What words are important in that definition?
• Unique
• Consistent
• Pattern
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Background
• Victorian Era• Prim and Proper
• Position
• View on sex
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Id, Ego, Superego (three parts of the personality)
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
ID
Ego
Superego
Freud believed that the 3 parts of the personality overlapped and should not be separated and analyzed separately. He believed one was an outgrowth of the other.
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Id: The part of the personality that emerges first. When we are an infant we are almost all Id• Pleasure Principle: the Id is hedonistic.
It seeks pleasure and avoids pain
• Energy Source: the Id is the major source for all psychological energy
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Id• Drives and Instincts: basic inborn needs
• Libido: the sex drive
• Aggression:
• Thanatos: the death instinct
• Eros: love for life
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Id• Primary Process: the need for
immediate and instant gratification
2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachEgo: the second part of the personality to emerge. It is more logical and practical than the id• Reality Principle: the ego’s awareness of the external world
• Secondary Process: the ability to delay gratification
2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachSuper Ego: The sense of morality• Morality Principle• Ego Ideal: the child’s perception of what they think their parents think is morally good• Conscience: the child’s perception of what they think their parents think is morally bad
Defense Mechanisms
See Handout
Defense Mechanisms
Definitions• The Ego’s way of satisfying the id without
overstepping the bounds of the superego
• The Ego’s unconscious attempt to defend against our anxiety
Defense Mechanisms
Four aspects of all defense mechanisms• They are all unconscious
• They all involve self-deception
• They all give us time to get over anxiety producing events in our life
• They are all normal methods of dealing with our anxiety if……
NAME OF DEFENSE MECHANISM
DEFINITION EXAMPLE
RATIONALIZATIONSweet LemonsSour Grapes
We give ourselves false reassurances about an anxiety producing experience in order to reduce our anxiety.What we have we love and think is greatWhat we can’t have we tell ourselves we didn’t want anyway.
REACTION FORMATION
We act in a manner that is completely opposite of how we are truly feeling.
REPRESSION Unconsciously blocking unpleasant or anxiety producing thoughts from consciousness.
*SUPPRESSION When we consciously avoid thinking about something.
NAME OF DEFENSE
MECHANISM
DEFINITION EXAMPLE
PROJECTION The tendency to see in others the undesirable traits and qualities that we possess.
IDENTIFICATION Identifying with a group by taking on some of their behaviors.
DISPLACEMENT Taking our anxiety out on other, safer objects.
SUBLIMATION We find socially acceptable ways to fulfill socially unacceptable urges.
REGRESSION Returning to earlier modes of dealing with anxiety.
FANTASY/DREAMS/ESCAPE
Avoiding anxiety by escaping into a fantasy/dream world
UNDOING Reducing anxiety by making amends for unethical thoughts or deeds.
COMPENSATION We pursue success in one area to reduce our anxiety about our failure in another.
DENIAL Defending against anxiety-producing realities by failing to perceive or recognize them.
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Stages of Development: Freud believed that an individual develops through a series of five Psychosexual Stages. Each of these stages was associated with the part of the body that gave the individual the most pleasure at that time.
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Oral Stage (Birth – 18 months)
Pleasure comes from the
mouth—sucking, biting,
chewing
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Anal Stage (18 months-3 years old):
Pleasure focuses on bowel
and bladder function;
the child must cope with
demands for control
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Fixation: Being stuck in a psychosexual stages.
Fixation can occur because of either too much or too little pleasure in a stage.
2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachAnal Retentive: The anal retentive person is neat, orderly, organized, and overly concerned with CONTROL
This is caused by too strict of toilet training resulting in a lack of pleasure
Anal Expulsive: The anal expulsive person is messy, disorganized,
It is caused by too lax toilet training resulting in too much pleasure
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Phallic Stage (3-6 years):
The pleasure zone is
the genitals; the
child must cope with
incestuous feelings
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Oedipus Complex:
A pattern described by Freud
in which a boy has sexual
desire for his mother and
wants to eliminate his
father’s competition for
her attention
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Latency Stage (6 years old-puberty):
During this stage sexual impulses stay in the background as the child focuses on education, same-sex
peer play, and the
development of social
skills
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Genital Stage (Puberty- )
It is during this stages that sexual impulses appear at the conscious level
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Three Levels of the Mind
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Conscious:
All our thoughts and perceptions of which we are currently aware
2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachPreconscious: A level of mental activity that is not currently conscious but of which we can easily become conscious
Examples: memories, stored knowledge
2) The Psychoanalytic Approach
Unconscious: Region of the mind that is a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, desires, feelings, and painful memories
Examples: immoral urges, violent motives, shameful experiences, selfish needs, fears, drives, etc.
3) Humanistic ApproachMaslow’s Humanistic
PsychologyIf you want a healthy psychology, study healthy people. If you want a sick psychology, study sick people
3) Humanistic Approach
Deficiency Orientation: A preoccupation with a perceived need for
material things.
People coming to perceive life as disappointing and boring
3) Humanistic Approach
Growth Orientation:
People with a growth
orientation do not focus
on what is missing,
instead they are satisfied
with what they have, are,
and can do
3) Humanistic Approach
3) Humanistic Approach
Characteristics of a Self-Actualized Person
• Accepting of self & reality• Spontaneous• Creative• Has quality relationships• Lives in the moment• Takes calculated risks
Food Shelter Water Clothing Sleep
Protection Law & Order
Limits Stability Financial Security
Family Affection Relationships Work Groups
Teams
Achievement Status Responsibility Reputation Confidence
Personal Growth
Fulfillment Self-sufficiency
Authenticity “Becoming all you can
be”
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