Ruby Course - Lesson 7 - Mashups With Ruby

Mashups with Ruby

Monday, September 13, 2010

Today’s lesson

Introduction to mashups

Basic introduction to common technologies - REST, JSON

Mashups

Using Google ClientLogin for authentication

Using HostIP to geocode your IP and Geonames to find nearby street names

What’s a mashup?

A method of programming that uses data and/or

service from one or more sources external from the

system

Basically, getting someone else to do the

‘dirty’ job

Web as a platform

Types of mashups

DataService

Types of mashups

DataService

SDKRedirect

Types of mashups

DataService

SDKRedirect

Mashup app

Mashup plug-in

Some examples

Common mashup methods

SDKs• Language specific packages• Use language specific APIs• Tight integration with application

Web APIsSDKs• Language specific packages• Use language specific APIs• Tight integration with application

XML-RPC• Remote procedure call

(RPC)• Use XML to package RPC• Transport over HTTP

SOAP• Use XML to package

data and calls• Transport over HTTP

and others• More used in

enterprise settings

SOAP• Use XML to package

data and calls• Transport over HTTP

and others• More used in

enterprise settings

REST• Describe the transfer

and action on resources that are identified by URI

• closely tied to HTTP• Most popular in Web

2.0 apps

RESTful web services

Uses HTTP methods explicitly

GET /adduser?name=Robert HTTP/1.1

Creating a new user (non-REST)

GET /adduser?name=Robert HTTP/1.1

Creating a new user (non-REST)

Creating a new user (REST)POST /users HTTP/1.1Host: myserverContent-Type: application/xml<?xml version="1.0"?><user> <name>Robert</name></user>

Deal with resources identified by URIs

Stateless

Transfer XML, JSON, YAML etc

JSONJavascript Object Notation

Lightweight text-based exchange standard designed for human-readability

Often used as an alternative to XML{ "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Smith", "age": 25, "address": { "streetAddress": "21 2nd Street", "city": "New York", "state": "NY", "postalCode": "10021" }, "phoneNumber": [ { "type": "home", "number": "212 555-1234" }, { "type": "fax", "number": "646 555-4567" } ] }

Accessing REST APIs with Ruby

RestClienthttp://github.com/archiloque/rest-client

RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource'

RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource', {:params => {:id => 50, 'foo' => 'bar'}}

RestClient.get 'https://user:password@example.com/private/resource', {:accept => :json}

RestClient.post 'http://example.com/resource', :param1 => 'one', :nested => { :param2 => 'two' }

RestClient.post "http://example.com/resource", { 'x' => 1 }.to_json, :content_type => :json, :accept => :json

RestClient.delete 'http://example.com/resource'

response = RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource'response.code➔ 200response.cookies➔ {"Foo"=>"BAR", "QUUX"=>"QUUUUX"}response.headers➔ {:content_type=>"text/html; charset=utf-8", :cache_control=>"private" ...

Most of the time, you will be using some gem to access the web APIs

Hands-on #1Authenticating with Google ClientLogin

http://code.google.com/apis/accounts/docs/AuthForInstalledApps.html

Preferred external authentication is through

OAuth or Open ID

%w(rubygems haml sinatra rack-flash json rest_client).each { |gem| require gem}%w(models helpers).each {|feature| require feature}

set :sessions, trueset :show_exceptions, falseuse Rack::Flash

get '/' do redirect '/dashboard' if session[:id] redirect '/login'end

get '/login' do haml :login, :layout => false end

post '/login' do if authenticate(params[:email], params[:password]) redirect '/' else redirect_with_message '/login', 'Email or password wrong. Please try again' endend

get '/logout' do session.clear redirect '/'end

get '/dashboard' do require_login haml :dashboardend

error do redirect '/' end

auth.rb

helpers do def require_login redirect_with_message('/login', 'Please login first') unless session[:id] end def authenticate(email, password) response = RestClient.post('https://www.google.com/accounts/ClientLogin', 'accountType' => 'HOSTED_OR_GOOGLE', 'Email' => email, 'Passwd' => password, :service => 'xapi', :source => 'Goog-Auth-1.0') do |response, request, result, &block| user = User.find :email => email if response.code == 200 and not user.nil? session[:id] = response.to_s session[:user] = user.id.to_s return true end return false end end

def redirect_with_message(to_location, message) flash[:message] = message redirect to_location endend

helpers.rb

class User attr :email def self.find(options) return true if options[:email] = 'sausheong@gmail.com' endend

models.rb

Change this in your own code when trying out this

hands-on (should be GMail account)

Hands-on #2Geocode your IP with HostIP and find nearest

street with Geonames http://www.hostip.info/

http://www.geonames.org/export/ws-overview.html

get '/geo' do require_login location = location_from_ip @loc = location['Country'] @ip = location['IP'] @long = location['Longitude'] @lat = location['Latitude'] nearby_streets = find_nearby_with @lat, @long @street_names = nearby_streets['streetSegment'].collect { |segment| segment['name'] }.uniq haml :geoend

auth.rb

def location_from_ip response = RestClient.get "http://api.hostip.info/get_html.php?position=true" YAML.load response.bodyend

def find_nearby_with(lat,long) response = RestClient.get "http://ws.geonames.org/findNearbyStreetsOSMJSON?lat=#{lat}&lng=#{long}" JSON.parse response.bodyend

helpers.rb

Should normally use ip=#{request.ip} to get the user’s incoming IP

Questions?

Ruby Course - Lesson 7 - Mashups With Ruby

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