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Reading Habit of print media in Surat city
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1 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
INTRODUCATION
Introduction about Print Media Industry
Print Media, as anyone can understand is one of the most important factors coming through in
the way a nation works. Newspapers, magazines, books etc. are ready by a lot of people and
are certainly one of the most trusted mediums of National and International News.
India has a vast array of Print Media with Thousands of Magazines and Newspapers in
circulation. Top Notch Journalism, great reporting, press unity and a very strong network is
what makes Print Media so much of a success even today in the age of Television and the
Internet. It is also said that Print Media also helped literacy and undoubtedly the General
Knowledge of the average person in India.
Origin and development of the Print Media industry
The first printed newspaper appeared in Peiking (Beijing) in the 8th century A.D. The Chinese
did the printing using separate wooden block for type, which could be used over & over again.
The Koreans also followed the Chinese. Printing ink & paper were developed in china &
Egypt. But the whole process of printing had a stunted growth in Asia Europeans, on the other
hand, used the new process on large scale. They benefited from the popularization of printing,
which led to the advent of affordable books & popular newspaper. This also led to the
democratization of communication.
The very first newspaper in the US was Public Occurrences-Foreign & Domestic, published by
Benjamin Harris, a bookseller in Boston, in 1690. Harris could not continue publication as he
was imprisoned by the British authorities for printing without prior consent. Then came
another news paper, the Boston Newsletter in 1704. James Franklin, brother of Benjamin
Franklin, published the New England Courant in 1721.
First printing press in India
The first printing press arrived in India on 6th September 1556 & was installed at the college
of St.Paul in Goa.
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History of press council
Press Council is a mechanism for the Press to regulate itself. The raison d’être of this unique
institution is rooted in the concept that in a democratic society the press needs at once to be
free and responsible.
If the Press is to function effectively as the watchdog of public interest, it must have a secure
freedom of expression, unfettered and unhindered by any authority, organized bodies or
individuals. But, this claim to press freedom has legitimacy only if it is exercised with a due
sense of responsibility. The Press must, therefore, scrupulously adhere to accepted norms of
journalistic ethics and maintain high standards of professional conduct.
Where the norms are breached and the freedom is defiled by unprofessional conduct, a way
must exist to check and control it. But, control by Government or official authorities may
prove destructive of this freedom. Therefore, the best way is to let the peers of the profession,
assisted by a few discerning laymen to regulate it through a properly structured representative
impartial machinery.
History of press council in India
The Press Council of India was first constituted on 4th July, 1966 as an autonomous, statutory,
quasi-judicial body, with shri justice J R Mudholkar, then a judge of the Supreme Court, as
chairman. The press council Act, 1965, listed the following functions of the council in
furtherance of its objects:-
To help newspapers to maintain their independence;
To build up a code conduct for newspapers and journalists in accordance with high
professional standards;
To ensure on the part of newspapers and journalists the maintenance of high standards
of public taste and foster a due sense of both the rights and responsibilities of
citizenship;
To ensure the growth of a sense of responsibility and public service among all those
engaged in the profession of journalism;
To keep under review any development likely to restrict the supply and dissemination
of news of public interest and importance.
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To keep under review such cases of assistance received by any newspaper or news
agency in India from foreign sources, as are referred to it by the central government.
Growth and present status of the industry
Generally speaking, journalism is flourishing in India today. The Indian language newspapers
have overtaken the English newspapers in number & circulation. The highest circulation till
the 1990‘s was enjoyed by the English newspapers despite the fact that less than 5 percent of
the population of India claim English as their mother tongue. English is still the medium of
instruction in colleges & many prominent schools. It is also the language of administration,
although state governments have introduced legislation in favor of local government.
Hindi newspapers have the largest total circulation in India. Hindi is the main language of 10
Indian states- Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya
Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh. Certain trends in communication &
journalism throughout the modern world prompted several sociologists & media experts to
discuss the desirability of re-examining the trends in the light of basic issues. In other words,
back to the basics’ say the experts. This is where Gandhi becomes relevant. High technology is
good, but if it does not enable us to solve basic problems confronting the succeed in catering to
the greed of a few to the exclusion of the need of the many-as it has done through the recent
decades and in all countries that experienced colonial subjugation in the past.
Future of the industry
The Print media sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. The publishing and media
sector is significant for India in terms of the value of the market and also in terms of
employment. For the Indian Union, the sector is particularly important because of its
contribution to and relationship with European culture –the publishing and media sector is
central to creating and strengthening India’s identity. The fortunes of publishing and media are
closely linked to the strength of the underlying economy because of revenues resulting from
advertising and end-user spending. Consequently, the sector saw boom times in the 1990s but
was adversely affected at the turn of the millennium by the bursting of the dot.com bubble, the
restructuring in the telecommunications sector and the general downturn in the global
economy.
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History of newspapers as a print media
Before the invention of newspapers in the early 17 th century, official government bulletins
were circulated at times in some centralized empires.
In Ancient Rome, ActaDiurna, or government announcement bulletins, were made public by
Julius Caesar. They were carved in metal or stone and posted in public places.
In China, early government-produced news sheets, called tipao, circulated among court
officials during the late Han dynasty (second and third centuries AD). Between 713 and 734,
the KaiyuanZaBao ("Bulletin of the Court") of the Chinese Tang Dynasty published
government news; it was handwritten on silk and read by government officials. In 1582 there
was the first reference to privately published newssheets in Beijing, during the late Ming
Dynasty.
In Early modern Europe the increased cross-border interaction created a rising need for
information which was met by concise handwritten newssheets. In 1556, the government of
Venice first published the monthly Notizie scritte, which cost one gazetta These avvisi were
handwritten newsletters and used to convey political, military, and economic news quickly and
efficiently to Italian cities (1500–1700) - sharing some characteristics of newspapers though
usually not considered true newspapers.
However, none of these publications fully met the classical criteria for proper newspapers, as
they were typically not intended for the general public and restricted to a certain range of
topics.
Definition
Newspapers typically meet four criteria:
Publicity: Its contents are reasonably accessible to the public.
Periodicity: It is published at regular intervals.
Currency: Its information is up to date.
Universality: It covers a range of topics.
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Industrial Revolution
By the early 19th century, many cities in Europe, as well as North and South America,
published newspaper-type publications though not all of them developed in the same way;
content was vastly shaped by regional and cultural preferences. Advances in printing
technology related to the Industrial Revolution enabled newspapers to become an even more
widely circulated means of communication. In 1814, The Times (London) acquired a printing
press capable of making 1,100 impressions per minute.
Soon, it was adapted to print on both sides of a page at once. This innovation made newspapers
cheaper and thus available to a larger part of the population. In 1830, the first penny press
newspaper came to the market: Lynde M. Walter's Boston Transcript.
Penny press papers cost about one sixth the price of other newspapers and appealed to a wider
audience In France, Emile de G same methods with "Die Presse" (which was named for and
frankly copied Girardin's publication). Irardin started "La Presse" in 1836, introducing cheap,
advertising-supported dailies to France.
Origin of Newspapers
The History of newspapers is arguably one of the most dramatic episodes of human
experience. The actual origin of newspapers lies in the Renaissance Europe when local
merchants used to distribute handwritten newsletters amongst each other. However it was not
until the late 1400’s when Germany introduced the precursors of printed newspapers. Since
then newspapers have evolved dramatically and today there are more than 6580 daily
newspapers in the World. A typical modern day newspaper is filled with various materials like
editor’s columns, newspaper classified ads , newspaper display ads, forecasts, comic strips,
entertainment section and much more. Unfortunately the sudden economic downturn has also
seen the rise of electronic or web-based versions of newspaper journals which automatically
resulted in a decline in newspaper classified advertising and circulation.
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History and origin of newspapers in India
The history of newspapers in India is equally interesting. The introduction of newspapers in
India was hastened by the spreading sense globalization amongst the countrymen who wished
to be informed about the recent events in the world. It was during the same time that the first
newspaper of the country was introduced in Calcutta (Kolkata). The newspaper titled
Calcutta General Advertise or Hickey’s Bengal Gazette was introduced by an eccentric
Irishman called James Augustus Hickey during the 1780’s. In the years to come India was the
establishment of another newspaper daily in the form of Bombay Herald followed closely by
Bombay Courier.
History and Evolution of Indian Newspapers
Although there was a flurry of English broadsheets during the eighteenth century, newspapers
in regional languages made its way much later during the second half of the nineteenth century.
First on the list were two Bengali newspapers called SamacharDarpan and Bengal Gazette
while the first Hindi newspaper was SamacharSudhaVarshan. The Hindu newspaper which
was launched as a competitor of MadrasMail became the first national newspaper of the
country. Soon it became the voice of the nation during the establishment period.
Indian Newspapers: History & Origin
Since then many newspapers have been introduced out of which newspapers dailies like Times of India, Gujarat mitra, sandesh, divya bhashkar, Hindustan Times, Economic Times, Rajasthan Patrika, etc. have become the highest circulated newspapers of the country.
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The major Indian languages Newspaper
Digdarshan was the first Indian language newspaper. It started in April 1818 by the Serampur
missionaries William Carcy, Joshua Marshman & William Ward. They soon started another
journal in June of the same year & named it SamacharDarpan.
The famous Raja Ram Mohan Roy also brought out periodicals in English, Bengali & Persian.
Some of Roy’s papers were SambadKaumadi, Brahmical Magazine, Mirat-ul-Akhbar, and
Bangadoota & Bengal Herald.
ASSAMESE:-
Amnodaya, a distinguished journal in the Assamese language was started in 1846 under the
editorship of the Reverend Oliver.T.Cutter.
GUJARATI:-
The newspaper with the greatest longevity in India, Mumbai Samachar was also the first
Gujarati Newspaper. It was established in 1822 by FarduvjiMarzaban as a weekly & then
became a daily in 1832.
HINDI:-
The first Hindi daily was samacharSudhavarshan (Calcutta, 1854). Later SamayadantMartand,
Banaras Akhbar, Shimila Akbar & MalwaAkhbar came out.
Calcutta was the birth place not only of English, Bengali & Hindi journalism. The first Urdu
newspaper was published by Urdu Akhbar in the second decade of the 19th century.
KANNADA:-
Kannada Samachar was the earliest Kannada journal, according to many scholars. But others
think that the first Kannada journal was MangalooraSamachar. Later SubudhiPrakasha,
Kannada Vaatika, Amnodaya, Mahilaasakhi&Sarvamitra came out during the 18th century.
MALAYALAM:-
Mathrubhumi, MalayalaManorama, Kerala Kanmudi are the main newspapers of Kerala. The
other daily newspapers are Desabhimani, Mangalam, Madhyamam, Chandrika, Deepika etc.
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MARATHI:-
Darpan was the first Marathi newspaper started on 6 January 1832. Kesari & Sudarak were
other papers of the 18th century. Induprakash was an Anglo-Marathi daily established in 1862.
ORIYA:-
The first Oriya magazine Junaruna was published by the Orissa Mission Press in 1849 under
the editorship of Charles Lacey. Then another publication from the same press
‘Prabhatchandrika’, under the editorship of William Lacey. UtkalSahitya, Bodhadayini,
Baleshwar SambadBalika etc. Started in the 18th century.
PUNJABI:-
Although, Maharaja Ranjit Singh encouraged the development of Punjabi journalism. The
earliest Punjabi newspaper was a missionary newspaper. The first printing press in Punjab was
established in Ludhiana in 1809.
TAMIL:-
The first periodical ‘Tamil Patrika’ a monthly was brought out in 1831 by the Religious Tract
Society in Madras; it lasted till 1833.
The next periodical weekly was the Dina Vartamani published in Madras from 1856 by the
Dravidian press & edited by the Reverend P.Percival. Later Swadeshamitran, Deshabaktan
etc… were other papers.
TELUGU:-
KandukuriVeeresaliongamPantulu, known as the Father of the renaissance movement in
Andhra & the founder of modern Telugu, sparked a social reform movement through his
weekly Vivekavardhini. He also founded separate journals for women; Satihitabodhini.
URDU:-
Sir Sayyid Ahmed Khan, a great educationist, judge & social reformer did much for the
development of Urdu journalism.
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Introduction of Magazines as a print media
Definition of magazine
The English word magazine recalls a military storehouse of war materiel and originally was
derived from the Arabic word makhazin meaning "storehouses." The term magazine was
coined for this use by Edward Cave, editor of The Gentleman's Magazine.
Types of magazine
Most magazines look more or less the same at first glance, but they are targeting different
audiences.
Consumer: magazines targeting general reading audiences who are subsets of the general
public with special interests. For instance, there are consumer magazines that cover homes,
sports, news, fashion, teen gossip, and many more groups of readers.
Trade and Professional: magazines targeting people working in trades, businesses and
professional fields. These periodicals provide news, information and how-to articles for readers
working in specific industries with advertising content focused on those industries or trades
including job notices.
House Organ: also known as in-house magazines, in-house publications and house journals,
these periodicals are published by for-profit and not-for-profit organizations such as
companies, special interest groups and affinity groups for their customers, employees, clients
and members.
Distribution
Magazines can be distributed through the mail; through sales at newsstands, bookstores or
other vendors; and through a variety of free distribution methods including making them
available at selected pick-up location.
Paid circulation: The magazine is sold to readers for a price, either on a per-issue basis or by
subscription, where an annual fee is paid and issues are sent by mail to readers.
Free circulation: There is no cover price and issues are given away.
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Controlled circulation: Usually industry-based publications distributed only to qualifying
readers, often for free and determined by some form of survey. This widely used before the
rise of the World Wide Web and is still employed by some titles.
Timeline
1663 The world's first magazine – ErbaulicheMonaths-Unterredungen (translation:
Edifying Monthly Discussions) – is published in Germany.
1731 The first modern general-interest magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine, is
published in England as entertainment with essays, stories, poems and political
commentary.
1739The Scots Magazine begins and today remains the oldest consumer magazine in
print.
1741 Benjamin Franklin intends to publish America's first magazine, General
Magazine, but is scooped when American Magazine comes out three days earlier.
1770 The first women's magazine, The Lady's Magazine, starts with literary and
fashion content plus embroidery patterns.
1843 The Economist begins examining news, politics, business, science and the arts.
1857 The Atlantic magazine arrives.
1895 Collier's weekly magazine starts and is published until 1957.
1895 An American magazine, The Bookman, lists "Books in Demand" originating the
idea of a bestseller list.
1896 The first pulp fiction magazines are printed on cheap wood pulp paper with
ragged untrimmed edges.
1897 The old Saturday Evening Post is revived by Cyrus Curtis to become the most
widely circulated weekly magazine.
1899 National Geographic appears.
1902 McClure's Magazine inaugurates the muckraking era with the article "Tweed
Days in St. Louis" by C.H. Wetmore and Lincoln Steffens.
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1912 Photoplay is the first magazine for movie fans.
1922 Reader's Digest begins publishing.
1923 Time, the first U.S. newsmagazine, is started by Henry Luce.
1925 New Yorker magazine arrives.
1933 Newsweek begins publication.
1933 Esquire is the first men's magazine.
1936 Life, a weekly photojournalism news magazine, is started by Henry Luce and
continues to 1972.
1937 Look, a bi-weekly, general-interest and photojournalism magazine, starts and
continues to 1971.
1944 Seventeen is the first magazine devoted to adolescents.
1953 TV Guide starts.
1953 Playboy opens with Marilyn Monroe on the cover.
1954 Sports Illustrated is started by Time magazine owner Henry Luce. Two other
magazines with that name had been started in the 1930s and 1940s, but both had failed.
1967 Rolling Stone demonstrates the popularity of special-interest magazines.
1967 New York magazine appears as a regional magazine.
1972 Feminist Gloria Steinem brings out Ms.Magazine.
1974 People debuts with Mia Farrow on the cover.
1990 Entertainment Weekly starts.
1993 Wired magazine arrives with a voracious curiosity about everything under
the Sun.
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COMPANY PROFILE
Details of the various Newspapers
The Times of India
Director: A. P. Parigi
Director: SumirChadha
CEO: Dinesh Wadhawan
Chairman: Vineet Jain
Chief Editor: Rajesh Karla
This Magazine is managed by Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd., The Times of India also known as
TOI is one of India's leading English daily newspapers. TOI group has 45 dailies and
periodicals in 3 languages and 108 editions from 9 centers across the country and a combined
readership of over 40 million.
Started 170 years ago, the paper has earned credentials for its authentic and up to date news
publications. India's largest media group, Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd, along with this
newspaper also publishes “Economic Times", "Mumbai Mirror", the "Navbharat Times" and
"Maharastra Times". In January 2007, the Kannada edition of the paper was launched in
Karnataka's capital Bangalore. The Times of India has its daily editions from New Delhi,
Mumbai, Kolkata, Lucknow, Ahmadabad, Pune, Nagpur, Chandigarh, Patna, Hyderabad,
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Bangalore and Mangalore.
Recently Times group has launched a controversial new business initiative, called "Private
Treaties." It offers to take an equity stake in a company in exchange for advertising.
History of Times of India
The Times of India came into being on November 3, 1838 and was known as "The Bombay
Times and Journal of Commerce". Initially the paper served only the British residents of
western India. Published twice a week on every Saturday and Wednesday, The Bombay Times
and Journal of Commerce contained news from Europe, America and the sub- continent and
was circulated between India and Europe via regular steamships. From the year 1850 the daily
editions of the paper were started and the newspaper got its present name in 1861.
In the 19th century, the company employed over 800 people and had a good circulation in India
and Europe. The Times of India was originally British-owned and controlled. Ivor S. Jehu was
its last British editor, who left the editorship in 1950. After India's Independence in 1947, the
ownership of the paper was passed on to the industrial family of Dalmiyas and later it was over
by Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain of the Sahu Jain group from Bijnore of Uttar Pradesh.
The Economic Times
The Economic Times is an English-language Indian daily newspaper published by the Bennett,
Coleman & Co. Ltd., (This Company along with its other group companies is more popularly
known as The Times Group). The Economic Times was started in 1961. The Economic Times
is published simultaneously from 10 cities - Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata,
Lucknow, Hyderabad, Ahmadabad and Chandigarh.
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The Economic Times has its offices in Mumbai outside Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus railway
station. Its main content is based on the Indian economy, share prices, prices of commodities
as well as other matters related to finance. The Founder / Editor of the paper when it was
launched in 1961 were P.S. Hariharan. The current Executive Editor of The Economic Times is
Rahul Joshi.
The Economic Times is characterized by its salmon-pink paper, which it copied from the
Financial Times. It is sold in all major cities in India. In June 2009, it also launched a
television channel called ET Now. The channel is also headed by Rahul Joshi.
Gujarat Mitra
Established in 1863, the 'Gujaratmitra is one of the oldest newspapers in the country. A bi-weekly
named 'Gujaratdarpan' was amalgamated in 1894 with the 'Gujaratmitra' and therefore the paper is
known as 'Gujaratmitra & Gujaratdarpan'. Initially started as a weekly in 1936, the paper was converted
into a daily. The spirit of patriotism and missionary zeal established by its founder Shri
DinshawArdeshirTalyarkhan was at its Zenith during the freedom struggle and has been maintained
even today.
In 1998, the alliance of the Reshamwala family with the 'Gujaratmitra' completed its 100 years as Shri
UttamramReshamwala joined it as sub-editor in 1898. Deeply concerned about the noble and idealistic
policies of the paper and its future, in 1920, the aging and feeble Parsi owner could not find anyone
more worthy and devoted than ShriUttamram and urged him to purchase the press and take over the
reins of the newspaper. Since then the 'Gujaratmitra' belongs to the 'Reshamwala' family. 1n 1937
Pravinkant, the younger son of Shri UttamramReshamwala had to take over the reins of the newspaper
at the tender age of 19 on the sudden and untimely demise of his elder brother ShriChampaklal. With
his strong determination, progressive policies and devoted love towards the 'Gujaratmitra', the late Shri
PravinkantReshamwala nurtured the paper to a sound footing. After his demise in 1983 the
'Gujaratmitra' is in the hands of his son Shri Bharat Reshamwala.
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Sandesh
History
Initially in 1923 Shri NandlalBodiwala started Sandesh daily on a small scale, but in 1958
when late Shri Chimanbhai Patel was at the helm of affairs; his vision, foresight and business
acuemenship changed the destiny of Sandesh and its circulation began to increase by leaps and
bounds. His unique contribution was Sunday SanskarPoorti in Gujarati journalism that
included many celebrities as columnists. Thus he was the pioneer of Sunday Supplements in
Gujarati journalism. He was always in search of new talents and new ideas to make Sandesh a
unique and dynamic daily. It was this missionary zeal that made Sandesh a household name in
Gujarat.
Present CMD and the Editor of Sandesh Shri Falgunbhai Patel joined the organization in 1979
after completing his MBA in USA. His close collaboration with his father made a rare
combination of wide experience and youthful dynamism that added a rare spirit of adventure
and calculated business viewpoint in the development of Sandesh as a giant entity. The
Sandesh Limited is the first media house to become a public limited company in 1994.
But destiny sometimes plays cruel game and in March 1995 Shri Chimanbhai Patel succumbed
to a massive heart attack and Falgunbhai lost his best friend, philosopher and guide in the
person of his beloved father. It was a sad sorrowful day for the entire SandeshPariwar. Since
his father’s demise, Falgunbhai had to shoulder additional responsibilities of editorial section
in addition to his managerial duties. He took all the challenges with the help of his professional
assistants with great skill and acuemenship.
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Gujarat Samachar
Gujarat Samachar is the numerous daily newspapers in Gujarat. It is published in Gujarati and
its main office is in Ahmadabad. It has one branch in Surat as well. Gujarat Mitra, one of the
oldest and most respected dailies of the country, is the most popular daily newspaper of Surat
and South Gujarat. Besides Gujarat Mitra, other dailies include Gujarat Samachar, Sandesh,
Divya bhaskar and Commodity World. Local editions of these newspapers are published in
Gujarati. Loktej was the first Hindi daily published in Surat. Rajasthan Patrika and Savera are
now the top Hindi daily newspapers in Surat. The national English dailies such as The Times
of India, Indian Express and Mid Day are the most popular English-language newspapers.
DNA-Daily News and Analysis is a new addition to the list of English dailies available in
Surat.
Since the city has the largest synthetic textile manufacturing center in India, there is an
exclusive textile newspaper called Textile Graph. It is published in Surat, since 1994, in
Gujarati and Hindi versions. The 'Textile Directory of Surat' (5 th Edition) comprising business
information of textile traders and industry in and around Surat is also published by Textile
Graph.
Most cable service providers have local television channels. Satellite TV DTH services are
provided by DISH TV, TATA SKY and BIG TV. Broadband internet connections are also
available in the city. Broadband service providers include BSNL, TATA Indicom, Reliance
Communication, YOU Broadband and VSNL (ANAR COMMUNICATIONS). Wi-Fi
connectivity is available at many cafes. Currently, Surat has four FM Radio stations - Radio
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City 91.1, Radio Mirchi 98.3, My FM 94.3, and Big FM 92.7 along with the national radio
VividhBharati.
Divya Bhaskar
Type : Daily newspaper
Format : Broadsheet
Owner : DB Corp Ltd.
Publisher : Rameshchandra Agrawal
Founded : 2003
Language : Gujarati
Headquarters : Ahmadabad, [Hindustan]
Circulation : 08, 54,097 Daily
Divya Bhaskar is a Gujarati newspaper in Gujarat, India, owned by D B Corp Ltd. It is the largest
circulated Gujarati daily, with the most number of editions in Gujarat.
Launch
In 2003, Madhya Pradesh MADHYA PRADESH (MP), the Bhaskar Group identified Ahmadabad,
Gujarat as the city with highest potential for the fourth launch of Dainik Bhaskar outside Madhya
Pradesh (MP). It surveyed 12, 00,000 households, with a team of 1050 surveyors, 64 supervisors, 16
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zonal managers and 4 divisional managers. The surveyors were gathered largely through posters at
colleges and word-of-mouth publicity, instead of expensive print and TV advertisements. Nearly 40-
50% of the surveyors were later absorbed in Dainik Bhaskar or Divya Bhaskar, while the rest were
given a certificate of appreciation. The team was trained to reach out to 8 lakhs households in
Ahmadabad and 4 lakhs households in adjoining districts, in a time span of 40 days. The newspaper
was launched in Ahmadabad on 23 June 2003, under the name Divya Bhaskar, as No. 1 with 452,000
copies (a world record). Within 15 months, it entered two more cities of Gujarat: Surat and Vadodara.
To counter the Bhaskar group's threat, the leading Gujarati newspapers came up with color pages, price
reductions and several high-value customer offers. However, by 2009, Divya Bhaskar became the
largest circulated Gujarati daily with 11.5 copies.
The group's pre-launch door-to-door twin-contact launch programmed has been recognized as an Orbit
shifting innovation. It has won Business Process Innovation award by Marico Foundation, and is a case
study in several B-schools including Indian Institute of Management, Ahmadabad and SPJIM.
Dainik Jagran
Type : Daily newspaper
Format : Broadsheet
Owner :JagaranPrakashan Ltd.
Founded : 1942
Political alignment : Independent
Language : Hindi
Headquarters : Jagran Building, 2, Sarvodya Nagar, Kanpur-208 005, India
Circulation : 2,168,000 Daily
Official website : www.jagran.com
Dainik Jagran (Hindi) is a Hindi language daily broadsheet newspaper in India. According to the IRS
Q1 2010, Dainik Jagran ranks No. 1 among the dailies with a Total Readership (TR) of 54,254,000.
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Overview
Dainik Jagran was founded by Puranchandra Gupta in Jhansi in 1942. In 1947 Dainik Jagran shifted its
headquarters to Kanpur, where it launched its second edition on 21 September 1947. The Rewa and
Bhopal editions were added in 1953 and 1956. In 1975, publication of Gorakhpur edition started,
followed by Varanasi, Allahabad and Lucknow in 1979. In 1984, Meerut edition was launched,
followed by Agra in 1986, Bareilly in 1989 and Delhi in 1990. Between 1997 and 2006, eighteen new
editions were added, and through 2007-08, six new editions were launched.
More than 55.7 million people read Dainik Jagran making it the largest read daily in India. Currently,
DainikJagran’s 37 editions are published across eleven states of India. Its editions are published from
the following places:
* Madhya Pradesh: Bhopal, Indore, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Ratlam, Satna, Saugor
* Uttar Pradesh: Kanpur, Jhansi, Varanasi, Agra, Allahabad, Aligarh, Bareilly, Gorakhpur
* Jharkhand: Ranchi, Dhanbad, Jamshedpur
* Uttarakhand: Dehradun
* Punjab: Amritsar, Ludhiana, Jalandhar
* Haryana: Panipat,Hissar
* Bihar: Patna, Bhagalpur
* Himachal Pradesh: Dharamshala
* West Bengal: Siliguri
* Jammu & Kashmir: Jammu
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Definition and Features of Newspaper
A newspaper is a written publication containing news, information and advertising, usually
printed on low cost paper called newsprint. General interest newspapers often feature articles
on political events, crime, business, art / entertainment, society and sports. Most traditional
papers also feature an editorial page containing columns which express the personal opinions
of writers, supplementary section may contain advertising, comics, coupons and other printed
media.
Newspapers are most often published on a daily or weekly basic and they usually focus on one
particular geographic area where most of their readers live.
Features a newspaper may include are:
Local and international news
Weather news and forecasts
Editorial
Business news
A sports column
Reviews on movies, plays, restaurants, etc.
Health news
Automobile news
Employment
Religious, etc.
Types of Newspaper
While most newspapers are aimed at a broad spectrum of readers, usually geographically
defined, some focus on groups of readers defined more by their interests than their location: for
example, there are daily and weekly business newspapers and sports newspapers. More
specialists still are some weekly newspapers, usually free and distributed within limited areas;
these may serve communities as specific as certain immigrant populations, or the local gay
community.
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DAILY
A daily newspaper is issued every day, sometimes with the exception of Sundays and some
national holidays. Saturday and Sunday editions of daily newspapers tend to be larger, include
more specialized sections and advertising inserts, and cost more. Typically, the majority of
these newspapers’ staff work Monday to Friday, so the Sunday and Monday editions largely
depend on content done in advance or content that is syndicated. Most daily newspapers are
published in the morning. Afternoon or evening papers are aimed more at commuters and
office workers.
WEEKLY
Weekly newspapers are common and tend to be smaller than daily papers. In some cases, there
also are newspapers that are published twice or three times a week, these newspapers are
generally still classified as weeklies.
NATIONAL
Most nations have at least one newspaper that circulates throughout the whole country a
national newspaper, as contrasted with a local newspaper serving a city or region. In India,
there are numerous national newspapers, including The Times of India, The Hindu, Deccan
chronicle, Hindustan times, the new Indian Express, etc. Large metropolitan newspapers have
expanded.
Distribution networks and, with this effort they try to expand themselves and become
nationalized.
INTERNATIONAL
There is also a small group of newspapers which may be characterized as international
newspapers. Some, such as Christian Science Monitor and The International Herald Tribune,
have always had that focus, while others are repackaged national newspapers or “international
editions” of national-scale or large metropolitan newspapers. Often these international editions
are scaled down to remove articles that might not interest the wider range of readers. As
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English has become the international language of business and technology, many newspapers
formerly published only in non-English languages have also developed English language
editions. In places as varied as Jerusalem and Bombay (Mumbai), newspapers are printed to a
local and international English-speaking public. The advent of the Internet has also allowed the
non-English newspapers to put out a scaled-down English version to give their newspaper a
global outreach.
ONLINE NEWSPAPER (E-PAPER)
With the advancement of technology, the Internet is gaining more and more popularity every
day, the newspaper industries have identified their prospects in this sector and started
publishing their news articles in the form of e-papers, which allows the users to read the news
online. The e-papers are given at free of cost by some sites and some sites charge their
customers for the news, thus the e-paper has gained a large amount of popularity in the recent
times. Some newspapers provide some or all of their content on the Internet, either at no cost
or for a fee. In some cases, free access is available only for a matter of days or weeks, after
which readers must register and provide personal data. In other cases, free archives are
provided.
CUSTOMIZED
A new trend in newspaper publishing is the introduction of individualization through on-
demand printing technologies. Customized newspapers allow the reader to create their
individual newspaper through the selection of individual pages from multiple publications.
This "Best of" approach allows reviving the print-based model and opens up a new distribution
channel to increase coverage beneath the usual boundaries of distribution. Customized
newspapers online have been offered by MyYahoo. I-Google, CRAYON, ICurrent.com,
Kibboko.com, Twitter Times and many others.
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Format of Newspaper
Most modern newspapers are in one of three sizes:
Broadsheets:
600 mm by 380 mm (23½ by 15 inches), generally associated with more intellectual
newspapers, although a trend towards "compact" newspapers is changing this.
Tabloids:
Half the size of broadsheets at 380 mm by 300 mm (15 by 11¾ inches) and often perceived as
sensationalist in contrast to broadsheets. Examples include The Sun, The National Enquirer,
The Star Magazine, New York Post, the Chicago Sun-Times, and The Globe.
"Microdaily" is infrequently used to refer to a tabloid-sized free daily newspaper that offers
lower ad rates than its broadsheet competitors. The content of a micro daily can range from
intense local news coverage to a combination of local and national stories.
Berliner or Midi:
470 mm by 315 mm (18½ by 12¼ inches) used by European papers such as Le Monde in
France, La Stampa in Italy, El Pais in Spain and, since 12 September 2005, The Guardian in
the United Kingdom.
Advertising of Newspaper
The bulk of newspapers' revenue comes from advertising - the contribution from sales is small
by comparison. On average, a newspaper generates 80% of its revenue from advertising and
20% from sales. The portion of the newspaper that is not advertising is called editorial content,
editorial matter, or simply editorial, although the last term is also used to refer specifically to
those articles in which the newspaper and its guest writers express their opinions. Newspapers
have been hurt by the decline of many traditional advertisers. Department stores and
supermarkets could be relied upon in the past to buy pages of newspaper advertisements, but
due to industry consolidation are much less likely to do so now. Additionally, newspapers are
seeing traditional advertisers shift to new media platforms. The classified category is shifting
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to sites including craigslist, employment websites, and auto sites. National advertisers are
shifting to many types of digital content including websites, rich media platforms, and mobile.
Circulation and Readership
The number of copies distributed, either on an average day or on particular days (typically
Sunday), is called the newspaper’s circulation and is one of the principal factors used to set
advertising rates. Circulation is not necessarily the same as copies sold, since some copies or
newspapers are distributed without cost. Readership figures may be higher than circulation
figures because many copies are read by more than one person, although this is offset by the
number of copies distributed but not read (especially for those distributed free).
In India, The Times of India is the largest-circulation English newspaper, with 3.14 million
copies daily. According to the 2009 Indian Readership Survey, the Dainik Jagran is the most-
read, local-language (Hindi) newspaper, with 55.7 million readers.
Reasons why people read a newspaper
The dawn of Internet brought new kind of lifestyle to news readers and subscribers; however,
it wasn't enough to change what others have been used to. More people still subscribe to
magazines and daily newspapers for their own reasons. To sum it up, here are the six main
reasons why people read newspaper.
1. To Get Latest Updates and News - majority of newspaper readers want to know the latest
happenings around them and newspaper is the easiest medium to get updated. Newspaper
offers stories which cannot be found in the Internet and so many online news readers get one
for themselves every day. Although, Internet has news forums or news communities which
also cater the latest news all over the world, newspapers offer something different.
2. To Find Satisfaction in Reading Good-Writing Skills - others read newspaper to
proofread what columnists have written. They can find satisfaction listing down misspelled
words and grammatically-wrong sentences. But they find greater satisfaction when reading
well-written articles and news.
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3. To Find Information on Daily Living and Job Opening - it is better to check the
newspaper for local job postings; Internet seldom offers this feature. Also, people expect to
read daily living tips or articles which they can use for their own livelihood.
4. To Simply Pass Time- nowadays, the most efficient way to pass time is to browse through
the Internet or play video games. However, others simply get a newspaper and look at the
pictures or interesting stories but without even reading the details; this will be their way of
killing time or let it pass smoothly.
5. To Avoid Conversation - one way to avoid annoying conversations is to read or pretend to
read a newspaper in front of others. Those who can see you reading would also think you are
busy, unavailable or does not want to be disturbed. If you think you need time for yourself in
the morning or in the park, then bring a newspaper with you.
6. To Keep the Habit - a lot of people have been reading newspapers for years and it has
become a habit for them to hold the paper in the morning with their coffee. While it became
habitual for them, others cannot just start their morning without reading some news.
Top 10 Reasons for Reading a Newspaper
1. My newspaper has never crashed, gone down, or flashed animated ads at me.
2. Anywhere I travel, my newspaper goes with me. I don't need a laptop or a wireless
connection or a PDA.
3. I can read my newspaper while standing, while eating, while riding a bus, but not while
driving my car, which is just as well since I should be paying attention to the road.
4. If I read a story I like, I can tear it out and save it, and not have to pay to read it 30 days
later.
5. I don't have to sign in or customize or register or remember passwords to read my
newspaper. And I often enjoy articles in my newspaper on topics I wouldn't normally think I'd
be interested in.
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6. My newspaper has high-resolution pictures and type on large pages that load almost
instantly, making it easy to browse and enjoy.
7. My newspaper is cheap, disposable and easy to replace. If it's lost or stolen, it's no big deal.
8. My newspaper is not made of unrecyclable toxic materials.
9. If my newspaper makes a mistake, the correction is posted with an explanation. It's not
sneakily applied to the original story after I’ve read it.
10. I can read my newspaper sitting outside on a nice day in the sun, even if a breeze is
blowing, because I know how to fold a newspaper.
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Details of the various Magazine
Chitra lekha
Chitralekha is a Gujarati weekly magazine. Chitralekha is published by the Chitralekha Group
from Mumbai, Maharashtra; India. Chitralekha first issue was published in 1950, under the
editorship of Vaju Kotak.
It had given rise to many prominent Gujarati columnists including Kanti Bhatt,
ChnadrakantBakshi, Taarak Mehta, and others. After the sudden demise of founding Editor
Vaju Kotak in late 1950s, MadhuriKotak took the charge of the magazine along with
Harkishan Mehta.
The Chitralekha Group publishes several other weekly magazines, including G (a film
magazine in Gujarati, Marathi and English) and BTW (By The Way).
On 20 April 2011, the Indian Postal Service issued a Rs. 5 commemorative postage
stamp honouring Chitralekha.
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The Week
It was founded in the United Kingdom by Jolyon Connell (formerly of the right of centre
Sunday) in 1995. In April 2001, the magazine began publishing an American edition;
an Australian edition followed in October 2008. Dennis Publishing publishes the UK and
Australian editions and The Week Publications publishes the US edition.
The Australian edition of The Week ceased operation in October 2012 and Administrators
have been appointed to its publisher, Dennis Publishing Pty Ltd (Australia). The final edition,
its 199th, was released on 12 October 2012. The Australian edition was launched in October
2008 and in the most recent audit was selling 28,000 copies a week, with a readership of
83,000.
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India today
The India Today is an English language weekly magazine. It is established in 1975 by VV
purie owner of Thompson press, with his daughter madhutrehan as its editor and AroonPurie
as its publisher. At present, India today is published in Hindi, Telugu, Tamil and Malayan.
India Today International, an edition of the weekly news magazine, is circulated across the
world to enable people overseas to stay in touch with India.
Outlook
Outlook is a weekly general interest news magazine published in India. It features contents
from politics, sports, cinema, and stories of broad interests. It was first issue in October, 1995
with Vinod Mehta as the Editor in Chief.
Today it is one of four top selling news magazines in India.
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OBJECTIVE & REVIEW
Review of Literature
Begum and Ramesh (1991) investigated the Factors inhibiting the public library use; A case
study of city central library, Mysore. This article “Factors inhibiting the public library use
analyzed the responses gathered from the users of the City central library, Mysore, India.
Assesses the reading interests, factors inimical to the use of City central library, availability of
reading materials and the necessary improvements suggested by the users to the existing
conditions of City central library, Mysore. Somsong(1999), Reading habit promotion in
ASEAN libraries. This paper described the different activities that ASEAN Libraries had
undertaken to promote reading by increasing awareness among their people. Firstly, factors
limiting reading habit in ASEAN Libraries had been approached. Secondly roles of local
institutes or organizations in helping libraries conducting reading habit promotion had been
acknowledged. Finally some suggestions on effective methods and successful programs of
reading habit promotion by ASEAN Libraries had been collectedBndaka(2007) investigated
the using newspaper articles to develop student’s Reading skills in senior high school that the
aim of this paper is to present a reading lesson which was initially designed for the students of
Peiramatiko Senior High School (Experimental Senior High School) of Patras, Greece and
more specifically for class A of Senior High School. The main aim of the lesson was to
develop the students reading skills using a newspaper & magazine article and help student’s
gain confidence when faced with authentic texts. The planning of the lesson was based on the
belief that students should be exposed as much as possible to authentic reading texts so that
they are given the chance to encounter real language and not only the language made up of
course books.
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Objectives
The basic objective of the research is “TO STUDY THE READING HABIT OF CITIZEN
OF SURAT WHILE REFERRING TO PRINT MEDIA”. Many big newspapers &
magazine are giving tough competition. So I have tried to find out that new a day what should
be done to consumer needed.
Every newspaper and magazine has its particular objective, usually high circulation that leads
to better salaries, perks and profits. How do they get that? With mixture of good and evil.
To know people habits regarding various newspaper & magazine.
To inform the public, to safe guard our freedom, to be critical of the government and
our society.
To study the preference of newspaper among people with different occupation.
To study the preference towards newspaper & magazine gender wise as well as an
occupation wise.
To study the customer behavior & their requirement towards the print media
instrument.
To measure in which category information newspaper are expected.
To know the reader is satisfied the news related to the sports, polities, economic and
advertisement.
To know the consumer are expected with quality of paper, length of information,
truthfulness of information.
To know which improvement quality of news to attract people.
To know how regularly read newspaper & magazine.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Definition of Research
“Research is an organized inquiry designed and carried out to provide information for solving
problems.” - FredKerlinger.
“Research is careful inquiry or examination to discover new information or relationships and
to existing knowledge. - FranciRammel.
“Marketing research means the systematic, gathering, recording, analyzing of data about
problems relating to the marketing of goods and services”
Marketing research has proves on essential tool to make all the need of marketing
management. Marketing research therefore is the scientific process of gathering and analyzing
of marketing information to meet the need of marketing management. But gathering of
observation is must be systematic, the systematic conduct of research requires:
Orderliness, in which the measurement are accurate.
Impartiality in analysis and interpretation.
Types of Research
All of research can be categorized into basis applied.
Basic research
Basic research is that indented to expand the body of knowledge for the use of others.
Applied research
Applied research is one, which is carried out to find the solution for a particular problem or for
guiding a specific decision it is usually private in nature. My research on “TO STUDY THE
READING HABIT OF CITIZEN OF SURAT WHILE REFERRING TO PRINT MEDIA” is
carried on for guiding specific decision and its result are useful to many news paper &
magazine like Times of India, Indian express, divya bhaskar, sandesh, Gujarat Samachar, The
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week, outlook, frontline, India today, etc. For taking particular decisions regarding product
quality, staff and security. Hence the nature of my research study is “applied research”
Process of marketing research
The marketing process is done in systematic. Research pursued the below process of marketing
for my study at times of India, Indian express, divya bhaskar and Gujarat Samachar, India
today, Pratap, outlook, frontline etc.
Research presses
Problem identification
“What is the level of reading habit of the client and companies who gives the news in the
newspaper and magazine in Surat city?”
Some people are not reading newspaper & magazine in Surat city.
Most of news paper & magazine are not so popular in home-maker and student.
The news is not so good quality and good content.
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Problem Identification
Sources of the data collection
Methods of data collection techniques
Sampling Plan
Data Analysis & Interpretation
Research Report & Presentation
35 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Sources of the data collection
For preparing this project report, researcher has used two types of data which are as fallow.
Primary data and secondary data
Primary data:
The primary data is that data which is generated by person for own study of his own purpose.
This type of data is not generated by anybody in the past so this type of data is called
“primary.”
Researcher has collected some primary data for preparing this project by personal interview
method. In this the researcher had interviewed some officer in the research also get data by
taking on the telephone, so researcher also used telephonic interview method.
Secondary data:
“The data which are already generated by some other in the past for his own purpose & it such
data are co-ordinate by us for our purpose than those data are called secondary data” researcher
has used the project of last year and internet as a secondary data for preparing this project.
Therefore my project is based on primary data & secondary data.
Research design:
Research design indicates the methods and procedure of conducting research study.
Research design can be done in following three types.
Exploratory research:
Exploratory research focuses on the discovery of new ideas and is generally based on
secondary data.
Descriptive research:
Descriptive research is undertaken when the researcher want to know the characteristics of
certain groups.
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Casual or experiment research:
An experimental research is undertaken to identify causes and effect relationship between two
variables.
In this project, I use the Descriptive research design.
Methods of Data collection
Sources of data collection:
Primary data collection:
Primary data collection the following four types of methods.
Observation method:
It contains causal observation, systematic observation, and direct observation and contrives
observation.
Survey method:
It contains personal interview, telephone interview and mail interview.
Experimental method:
Panel method:
Secondary data collection:
It can be collected from internal as well as external sources
Internal sources:
Various internal sources like customers, books, sales activity, stock availability, etc.
External sources:
Libraries, trade publications, literatures, etc are some important sources of external data. The
research has used primary data for the core purpose of the project. And this primary data has
been gathering by survey method.
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Data collection tools:
To conduct a survey, the research has selected a structured questionnaire as an instruction for
gathering valuable information from the respondent. Questionnaire which is used for the
survey is consisting of questions and checklist questions and checklist question to check the
responds feedback.
Content method:
After sampling plan has been determined, the research has contacted responds and requested
them to fill up the questionnaire.
Sampling plan:
Researcher has design a sampling plan that is consist of five decisions.
Sampling unit:
Who is to be surveyed?
The researcher has selected responds of times of times, Indian express, divya bhaskar, Gujarat
Samachar, outlook & India today.
Sampling types:
There are two types of sampling i.e. probability sampling and non- probability sampling.
Probability sampling
Probability sampling means each unit of the universe has equal chance of getting selected. The
most frequently used probability sampling methods are as below:
Simple random sampling
Stratified random sample
Multi-stage random sampling
Cluster sampling
Multi-phase sampling
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Non-probability sampling
Non-probability sampling contains following methods
Judgmental sampling
convenience sampling
panel sampling
quota sampling
Researcher will use non-probability sampling, in which convenience sampling
Sample size:
Sample size means limited number of responds covered under the research study from the
population. And researcher has taken survey of 150 responds to know the reading habit of
print media in Surat city.
Sampling area:
The area of doing my survey was various colleges, society, friends in Surat city.
Sampling technique:
How should the responds be chosen?
Researcher has selected customer of times of times, Indian express, divya bhaskar, Gujarat
Samachar, outlook, frontline and India today.
Data analysis and interpretation:
After all the above steps are completed now the important step is data analyzing and interpretation. For
this there are various analytical and statistical tools. Some of these tools are percentage, weighted
average, Co – Relation, Regration.
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Research report:
Once the data has been tabulated and analyzed, the researcher has to prepare a report. The report
consists of findings of the research studies and recommendations also. Report writing needs some
skills, which can be develop with practice. The researcher should follow certain principles objectivity,
clarity of ideas and use of charts diagrams. A good research report should effectively communicate its
research findings.
Limitation of Research Process
There is always a boundary existing everywhere and every time every task that is under taken
has some obstacles in its way some basic imitated that made the task a bit difficult are started
as follow:
As the time constraint was there so I am able to take more responds I took only 150
responds.
As I choose convenience sample major part of total questionnaire fill started and
student have some different views related newspaper and magazine in compare to
business people or working people.
I use only percentage tools & Weighted Averages method.
Cost of survey.
Where the newspaper rating makes is installment then it is highly impossible to predict
exactly which newspaper read is.
We can’t study the whole population of study.
In print media industry, I study only newspaper & magazine.
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FINDING & ANALYSES
Instrument use in print media
Objectives:
To know the which type of instrument use by respondents
Frequencies No of responds
Newspaper 69
Magazine 31
Both 50
Total 150
Newspaper Magazine Both0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Respondents
Interpretation:
In this chart, respondents are like to newspaper rather than magazine. 69 respondents read only
newspaper & 31 respondents read only magazine 50 respondents read newspaper and magazine
both.
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Frequencies as per gender (News paper)
Objectives:
To know read newspaper as gender wise.
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Male 64 53.78%
Female 55 46.22%
Total 119 100%
male female42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
Frequencies as per gender
Interpretation
In above chart, we can easily seen that male respondents read the newspaper more rather than
female respondents.
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Frequencies as per gender (Magazine)
Objectives:
To know read the magazine as gender wise.
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
male 47 58.02%
female 34 41.98%Total 81 100%
male female0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Frequencies as per gender
Interpretation:
In this chart, male ratio is more rather than female. Male interest is more reading magazine
rather than female.
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Analysis gender as age wise
Objectives:
To know gender as age wise
particular 10 to 20
year
21 to 30
year
31 to 40
year
41 to 50
year
51 to 60
year
male 16 37 13 10 03
female 25 36 05 03 02
Total 41 73 18 13 05
male female0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1625
37
36
135
103
3
2
51 to 60 year
41 to 50 year
31 to 40 year
21 to 30 year
10 to 20 year
Interpretation:
In above chart, 21 to 30 years respondents more reading habit compare to other.51 to 60 years
respondents less interest to read newspaper & magazine.
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Analysis as occupation wise
Objectives:
To know Respondents as occupation wise.
Student Businessman Job Housewife Prosfessional.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
51.3
16.720.0
10.7
1.3
Interpretation:
In this chart, we can easily see that student reading habit is more compare to other occupation.
Housewife’s reading habit is only 20%.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Frequency Respondents Percentage
Student 77 51.30%Businessman 25 16.70%Job 30 20.00%Housewife 16 10.70%Professional 2 01.30%Total 150 100%
45 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Analyses as income wise
Objectives:
To know analyses as income wise
None Below 2,00,000 2,00,000 to 3,00,000 Above 3,00,0000
10
20
30
40
50
60
Interpretation:
In above chart, 24% respondent’s income is 2 lakhs to 3 lakhs & only 8% respondent’s income is above the 3 lakhs.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Frequency Respondents percentageNone 77 51.34%
Below 2,00,000 24 16.00%
2,00,000 to 3,00,000 37 24.66%
Above 3,00,000 12 08.00%
46 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
PART - A
Which time reading newspaper by respondents
Objectives:
To know the time when respondents read newspaper
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
At morning with break-fast 77 37.00%
While traveling 47 22.71%
When you have free time 57 27.29%
At afternoon 26 13.00%
At morning with break-fast
while traveling When any free time at afternoom0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%37.20%
22.71%
27.29%
12.56%
Interpretation:
In above chart, we can see that 37% respondents read a newspaper at morning with breakfast.
Then 27.29% respondents would like to read newspaper when they have a free time & only
13% respondents are read newspaper at afternoon.
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Why reading newspaper by respondents
Objectives:
To know the reason why respondents read the newspaper
For business 61 23.64% For local city matters 65 25.19%For state & national issue 50 19.38%For time pass 25 09.69%Hobby 42 16.28%Other 15 05.81%
23.64
25.19
19.38
9.69
16.28
5.81
For business
For local city matters
For state & national issue
For time pass
Hobby
Other
Interpretation:
According to chart, 25.19% respondents read a newspaper for a purpose of getting information on local city matters. Than after 23.64% respondents read newspaper for information on business & 9.69% respondents read newspaper for time pass.
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Which part most like in newspaper by respondents
Objectives:
To know which parts is most like by respondents
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Economy 24 20.17%
Sports 30 25.21%
Entertainment 23 19.33%
Political 11 09.24%
International affairs 22 18.49%Others 09 07.56%
Economy Sports Entertainment Political International affairs Others
20.17
25.21
19.33
9.24
18.49
7.56
part most like in newspaper
Interpretation:
According to survey, 25.21% respondents would like sports part in newspaper. 20.17%
respondents would like to read economy part & 19.33% respondents would like entertainment.
Only 9.24% respondents like political part in newspaper.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
49 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Which newspaper are reading by respondents
Objectives:
To know the newspaper read.
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Gujarat mitra 46 16.43%
Gujarat Samachar 67 23.93%
Sandesh 45 16.07%
Divya bhashkar 53 18.93%
Pratap 02 00.71%
Dainik Jagran 04 01.43%
Rajasthan Patrika 07 02.50%
Times of India 28 10.00%
Indian express 05 01.79%
Indian times 12 04.29%
Economic times 06 02.14%
Gujarat
mitra
Gujarat
samach
ar Sandes
h
Divya bh
ashkar
Pratap
Dainik J
agaran
Rajastha
n patri
ka
Times of In
dia
Indian
express
Indian
times
Econom
ic times lok
tej Other
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Various news paper reading by respondents
Interpretation:
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
50 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
In above the chart we can see that 23.93% respondents would like to read Gujarat Samachar.
Than after 18.93% respondents would read divya bhaskar. Only 00.71% respondents read
Pratap newspaper.
Factor consider while selecting newspaper
Objectives: Which factor most selected by respondents
PARTICULARS 1 2 3 4 TOTAL RATE RANK
Availability 35(141) 44(132) 51(102) 20(20) 395 2.63 2
Print Quality 62(248) 43(129) 25(50) 20(20) 447 2.98 1
News Quality 27(108) 51(153) 24(48) 48(48) 357 2.38 3
Brand Name 26(103) 12(36) 50(100) 62(62) 302 2.01 4
Availability Print Quality News Quality Brand Name0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
2
1
3
4
Rank
Rank
Interpretation:
In this graph, most of respondents first select the print quality while purchasing
newspaper. And then select the parameter of availability.
Study or take a note of advertising while appearing in newspaper
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
51 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Objectives:
To know respondents Prefer to advertising or not while reading newspaper
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 88 73.95%
No 31 26.05%
Total 119 100%
Yes No0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Study or take a note of advertising while appearing newspaper
Interpretation:
In above chart, 73.95% respondents take a note of advertising while appearing newspaper &
26.05% respondents are not take a advertising in newspaper.
Which channel prefer to purchase newspaper by respondents
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
52 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Objectives:
To know the Which channel prefer to purchase news paper by respondents
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Daily Vendor 101 84.87%
Shopkeeper 16 13.45%
Other 02 01.68%Total 119 100%
Daily Vendor Shopkeeper Other0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Channel prefer by respondents
Interpretation:
According to chart, 84.87% respondents purchase their newspaper from daily venders. Only
13.45% respondents purchase their newspaper from shopkeeper.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
53 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Frequencies of visiting web sites by respondents when they are away from home town
Objectives:
To know the how many people read the newspaper with help of web sites when they away from home town
Yes No0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
visiting web sites by respondents
Interpretation:
In the graph, if respondents away from home town than 56.30% respondents are would like to
read newspaper from particular websites of newspaper & 43.70% respondents not visit any
websites of newspaper.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 67 56.30%
No 52 43.70%
Total 119 100%
54 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Exchange the newspaper with neighbor
Objectives:
To know exchange the newspaper with neighbor by respondents
Yes No0.00
10.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.00
Exchange the newspaper by respondents
Interpretation:
According to survey, 72.27% respondents exchange their newspaper with neighbor. Only
27.73% respondents do not exchange their newspaper.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 86 72.27%
No 33 27.73%Total 89 100%
55 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Frequencies of reading afternoon or evening newspaper by respondents
Objectives:
To know the frequencies of read the afternoon or evening news paper by respondents
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 54 45.38%
No 65 54.62%
Yes No0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
Afternoon or evening newspaper read by respondents
Interpretation:
In the graph, we can see that 45.38% respondents read afternoon or evening newspaper & other
54.62% respondents are not read this type of newspaper.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
56 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
PART - B
How regularly read magazine by respondents
Objectives:
To know the respondents read magazine regularly
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Daily 16 19.75%
Once in week 32 39.51%
Twice in a week 13 16.05%
Other 20 24.69%
Daily Once in week Twice in a week Other0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
Regularly read the magazine
Interpretation:
In the above chart, we can see that 19.75% respondents are reading magazine in daily.16.05% and 39.51% are reading magazine respectively twice in a week and once in week and other are 24.69%.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
57 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Frequencies of reading magazine by respondents
Objectives:
To know which language magazine respondents read.
Gujarati Hindi English Other0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
Languages prefer by respondents
Interpretation:
In the above chart, we know that most of the people are reading magazine in Guajarati language and
English language. & only 11.11% respondents read Hindi magazine.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Gujarati 29 35.80%Hindi 09 11.11%English 43 53.09%
Other 00 00.00%Total 81 100%
58 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Analyses of reading magazine education wise as well as language wise
Objectives:
Easily know the education wise respondents which language prefers
Less than 10th std. 12th std. Graduate Post graduate0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
13
20
4
0 1
9
20
3
33
5
Gujarati
Hindi
English
Interpretation:
In above chart, less than 10th standard, only 1 respondent read Guajarati magazine & none of
this read English or Hindi magazine. In graduate respondents, read the English magazine rather
than Hindi or Guajarati.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Gujarati Hindi English TotalLess than 10th std. 01 00 00 01
12th std. 03 01 03 07Graduate 20 09 33 62Post graduate 04 02 05 11Total 28 12 41 81
59 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Why read the magazine by respondents
Objectives:
To know the reason why read the magazine by respondents
28.05
23.7818.90
9.76
11.59
7.93
For business
For local city matters
For state & national issue
For time pass
Hobby
Other
Interpretation:
According to chart, 23.78% respondents read a magazine for a purpose of getting information on local city matters. Than 28.05% respondents read newspaper for information on business & 9.76% respondents read newspaper for time pass.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
Frequencies No of responds Percenta
ge
For business 46 28.05% For local city matters 39 23.78%For state & national issue 31 18.90%For time pass 16 9.76%Hobby 19 11.59%Other 13 7.93%
60 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Which part most like in magazine by respondents
Objectives:
To know most part like in magazine by respondents
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Economy 23 28.40%
Political 09 11.11%
International affairs 17 20.99%
Sports 09 11.11%
Entertainment 17 20.99%
Others 06 07.40%
Economy Political International affairs
Sports Entertainment Others0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Most part like in magazine
Interpretation:
According to survey, 28.40% respondents would like the economy part in magazine.20.99%
respondents would like to read Entertainment part in magazine & only 7.40% respondent like
other part in magazine.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
61 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Which magazine read by respondents
Objectives:
To know the various magazine read by respondents
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Outlook 28 15.91%
India today 50 28.41%
Abhiyaan 12 06.82%
Chitralekha 32 18.18%
Frontline 13 07.39%
The week 20 11.36%Total 176 100%
Outlook India today Abhiyaan Chitralekha Frontline The week Other0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Various magazine read by respondents
Interpretation:
In this graph, we can see that 28.41% respondents would like to read India today. Than after
15.91% respondent read outlook & only 6.82% respondents would like to Abhiyaan.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
62 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Study or take a note of advertising appearing magazine
Objectives
To know people Prefer to advertising or not while reading magazine
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 59 72.84%
No 22 27.16%
Total 81 100%
Yes No0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Study or take a note of advertising while appearing magazine
Interpretation:
In above chart, 72.84% respondents take a note of advertising in magazine and
27.16% respondents are not taking advertising in magazine.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
63 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Frequencies of visiting web sites by readers when they are away from home town
Objectives:
To know the how many people read the magazine with help of web sites when they away from
home town
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 39 48.15%
No 42 51.85%
Yes No46.00
47.00
48.00
49.00
50.00
51.00
52.00
53.00
Visiting web sites by respondents
Interpretation:
According to survey, we can see that 48.15% respondents’ not visiting websites when they
away from home town & only 51.85% respondents not visit the particular websites.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
64 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Purchase your own magazine
Objectives:
To know the respondents purchase own magazine or read from other sources
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 49 60.49%
No 32 39.51%
Yes No0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Purchase magazine by respondents
Interpretation:
In above chart, 60.49% respondents purchase your own magazine & 39.51% respondents read
the magazine from other sources.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
65 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Frequencies of subscribed magazine for one year or longer period
Objectives:
To know the respondents subscribed magazine for one year or longer period
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 61 75.31%
No 20 24.69%
Total 81 100%
Yes No0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Subscribed magazine by respondents
Interpretation:
In this chart, 75.31% respondents subscribed magazine for one year or longer period & 24.69%
respondents not subscribed magazine.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
66 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Frequencies of occasionally purchase magazine during travelling
Objectives:
To know the how many respondents occasionally purchase magazine
Frequencies No of responds Percentage
Yes 60 74.07%
No 21 25.93%
Total 81 100%
Yes No0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Occasionally purchase magazine
Interpretation:
According to survey, 74.07% respondents occasionally purchase magazine during travelling &
only 25.93% respondents not purchase magazine while travelling.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
67 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
CONCLUSION & SUGGESION
Conclusion
Most of people are reading the newspaper rather than magazine in Surat city.
Most of people are reading Guajarati and English newspaper & magazine in Surat city.
Students read the newspaper more rather than other.
Most of people are reading newspaper for to get information on local city matters.
37% responds are read newspaper with breakfast.
Most of the respondents are like sport part in newspaper & economy part in magazine.
40% respondent read the magazine only once in a week.
28% respondents read the India today magazine.
74% respondents occasionally purchase magazine during travelling.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
68 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
Suggestion
To improve the distributers and dealers in Surat city.
To improve the content of news is given in the newspaper & magazine.
To give more advertisement in for the popularity of English newspaper in Surat city.
To give proper and truth news in the paper.
To improve the quality of newspaper & magazine.
To open the new branch of English news paper in Surat city.
Electronic news papers are more help to read all information very short period.
Online news papers may help to find out latest development in various field, employment
news, and other important news.
People must read the news papers for improve their knowledge skills.
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
69 Study the Reading habit of print media in Surat city
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Web-sites
www.suratin.com
www.print media/print media,htm
www.print media/nprhist,htm
www.print media/newspaper,htm
www.print media/Mass media_wikipedia, the free encycopedia,
htm.
www.outlookindia.com
www.times of india.com
www.economicsof time.com
www.gujaratsamachar.com
www.gujaratmitra.com
Books
Research methodology – g.cberry
Marketing Management –Philip Kotler
B.R.C.M. College of Business Administration
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