Other Organic Compounds - Compounds made by replacing a H with a functional group

Other Organic Compounds -Compounds made by replacing a H with a functional group.

Table R

Other Organic Compounds to Know

1. Alcohols – OH replaces an a H (ROH)

• R group = CH3, C2H5 etc

• Which compound is an alcohol ?

How Do You Name Alcohols ?• Count the carbons and write the alkane name it would be

, drop the e and add ol• Name the following:

• Ethane • Ethanol• Name the following: Propanol

Types of Alcohols• Monohydroxy – contains one OH• Dihydroxy – contains two OH’s• Trihydroxy – contains three OH’s

What type are the following ?

DihydroxyDihydroxy

Trihydroxy

Aim: What happens when you do not have all carbons

and hydrogen's?Do Now: what is the

molecular formula and can you name this compound?Homework: Text Book Pg

653 1-5

How Do You Name Di And Tri Hydroxy Alcohols ?

• Count the Carbons , write the alkane name, drop the e and add diol or triol

Butandiol Propantriol

(Glycerol)

Name the following:Name the following:

Ethandiol

(Ethylene Glycol)

How Do You Name Alcohols ?

• Special Note: If the OH is not on an end carbon, you must write the number of the carbons its on in front of the name

2-Propanol

2-Butanol

2. Organic Acids –(Contain a COOH in place of an H)

• To name acids: Count all the carbons to get the base alkane, drop the e and add oic

• Name the following:

Propanoic Acid

Try the Following

Butanoic Acid

Methanoic Acid

3. Aldehydes 4. Ketones

Aldehyde Ketone

How do you name Aldehydes and Ketones?

• 1. Decide if its an Aldehyde or Ketone

• 2. Count all the carbons and write the base Alkane name, drop the e and add “one” or ”al”

Propanone

Ketone

Name the following:

Propanal

Butanone

5. Esters – compounds that smell like fruit, come from a reaction between an alcohol and an acid.

General Formula - RCOOR

Example- CH3COOC2H5

(Aunt Ester is a COOC)

Naming Esters:Name the group on the end (methyl , ethyl etc.) and then

the front alkane group drop the e and add oate

Make sure you count all the carbons in the front group

Name the following: CH3COOC2H5

Ethyl ethanoate

Try the following

• C3H7COOCH3

Methyl Butanoate

• C2H5COOC2H5

Ethyl Propanoate

6. Ethers – a bad smelling compound, used to put people to sleep.

General formula: ROR`

Example:

How do you name ethers ?

Name the groups on each end and add ether. If the same group appears twice use di in front of the name

Dimethyl ether

Try the Following

diethyl ether

methyl ethyl ether

Other Organic Compounds

7. Amine- looks like NH3 except R groups have replaced an H . To name go to Table R name the alkane attached,drop the e and then add amine.

General formula: Example: R H

R-N-R CH3NH =

8. Amide- To name go to Table R name the alkane attached drop the e and then add amide

O R O

- C- NH CH3CH2CH2 C – NH2

methanamine

Butanamide

Practice Questions• Special Note: Before drawing or naming compounds use

Table R to decide the type of compound• Draw Dimethyl Ether

CH3OCH3

• Draw Butanoic Acid

CH3CH2CH2COOH

• Draw 2- Propanol

CH3CHOHCH3

Name each compound in the following reaction.

CH3OH+ C2H5COOH HOH + C2H5COOCH3

Methanol Propanoic Acid Water Methyl Propanoate

Name the following compounds

• Special Note: Use Table R and identify the class first

Ethanol

Methanal

Propanone

Name the following compounds

Ethanoic Acid

Dimethyl Ether

C3H7COOCH3Methyl butanoate