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Other Organic Compounds -Compounds made by replacing a H with a functional group.
Table R
Other Organic Compounds to Know
1. Alcohols – OH replaces an a H (ROH)
• R group = CH3, C2H5 etc
• Which compound is an alcohol ?
How Do You Name Alcohols ?• Count the carbons and write the alkane name it would be
, drop the e and add ol• Name the following:
• Ethane • Ethanol• Name the following: Propanol
Types of Alcohols• Monohydroxy – contains one OH• Dihydroxy – contains two OH’s• Trihydroxy – contains three OH’s
What type are the following ?
DihydroxyDihydroxy
Trihydroxy
Aim: What happens when you do not have all carbons
and hydrogen's?Do Now: what is the
molecular formula and can you name this compound?Homework: Text Book Pg
653 1-5
How Do You Name Di And Tri Hydroxy Alcohols ?
• Count the Carbons , write the alkane name, drop the e and add diol or triol
Butandiol Propantriol
(Glycerol)
Name the following:Name the following:
Ethandiol
(Ethylene Glycol)
How Do You Name Alcohols ?
• Special Note: If the OH is not on an end carbon, you must write the number of the carbons its on in front of the name
2-Propanol
2-Butanol
2. Organic Acids –(Contain a COOH in place of an H)
• To name acids: Count all the carbons to get the base alkane, drop the e and add oic
• Name the following:
Propanoic Acid
Try the Following
Butanoic Acid
Methanoic Acid
3. Aldehydes 4. Ketones
Aldehyde Ketone
How do you name Aldehydes and Ketones?
• 1. Decide if its an Aldehyde or Ketone
• 2. Count all the carbons and write the base Alkane name, drop the e and add “one” or ”al”
Propanone
Ketone
Name the following:
Propanal
Butanone
5. Esters – compounds that smell like fruit, come from a reaction between an alcohol and an acid.
General Formula - RCOOR
Example- CH3COOC2H5
(Aunt Ester is a COOC)
Naming Esters:Name the group on the end (methyl , ethyl etc.) and then
the front alkane group drop the e and add oate
Make sure you count all the carbons in the front group
Name the following: CH3COOC2H5
Ethyl ethanoate
Try the following
• C3H7COOCH3
Methyl Butanoate
• C2H5COOC2H5
Ethyl Propanoate
6. Ethers – a bad smelling compound, used to put people to sleep.
General formula: ROR`
Example:
How do you name ethers ?
Name the groups on each end and add ether. If the same group appears twice use di in front of the name
Dimethyl ether
Try the Following
diethyl ether
methyl ethyl ether
Other Organic Compounds
7. Amine- looks like NH3 except R groups have replaced an H . To name go to Table R name the alkane attached,drop the e and then add amine.
General formula: Example: R H
R-N-R CH3NH =
8. Amide- To name go to Table R name the alkane attached drop the e and then add amide
O R O
- C- NH CH3CH2CH2 C – NH2
methanamine
Butanamide
Practice Questions• Special Note: Before drawing or naming compounds use
Table R to decide the type of compound• Draw Dimethyl Ether
CH3OCH3
• Draw Butanoic Acid
CH3CH2CH2COOH
• Draw 2- Propanol
CH3CHOHCH3
Name each compound in the following reaction.
CH3OH+ C2H5COOH HOH + C2H5COOCH3
Methanol Propanoic Acid Water Methyl Propanoate
Name the following compounds
• Special Note: Use Table R and identify the class first
Ethanol
Methanal
Propanone
Name the following compounds
Ethanoic Acid
Dimethyl Ether
C3H7COOCH3Methyl butanoate