MikroTikCertified Network Associate 2015-2016 By M.Sc. I.T ... · routerboard.npk package when you...

University of Babylon, IT College

Information Network Dep., Third Class, Second Semester

MTCNA Course

MikroTik Certified Network Associate

2015-2016

By M.Sc. I.T Alaa A. Mahdi

Objectives

• Upgrade RouterOS ;

• Bootloader Upgrade;

• get packages;

• upgrade ways;

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• upgrade ways;

• type of packages;

• Manage RouterOS logging;

Bootloader Upgrade Methods

• Check your RouterBOARD Bootloader version:

[admin@MikroTik] > system routerboard print

• routerboard: yes

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• routerboard: yes

• model: "750"

• serial-number: "1FC201DD513B"

• current-firmware: "2.18"

• upgrade-firmware: "2.20"

[admin@MikroTik] >

Bootloader Upgrade Methods

1. New Bootloader versions come with the

routerboard.npk package when you install and

upgrade your router. Do the upgrade command

now:

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[admin@MikroTik] > system routerboard upgrade

Routerboot will be upgraded.

2. You can upload the Bootloader file directly to

the Files folder in RouterOS, and do the

command then.

Bootloader Upgrade Methods

3. If there is no IP connectivity with your

RouterBOARD, you can also use the Serial

Console XMODEM transfer to send the FWF file

to the router, while connected via Serial

Console. From the Bootloader menu it's possible

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Console. From the Bootloader menu it's possible

to upgrade the firmware with this method. This

method is the last resort, and should be used

only if the first two methods are not available.

RouterOS Upgrade Methods

You can upgrade RouterOS in the following ways:

1- Winbox – drag and drop files to the Files menu

2- FTP - upload files to root directory

3- The Dude

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3- The Dude

Note: RouterOS cannot be upgraded

through serial cable. Using this method

only RouterBOOT can be upgraded.

Upgrade process

• First step - visit www.mikrotik.com and

head to the download page, there choose

the type of system you have the RouterOS

installed on.

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installed on.

• Download the Combined package, it will

include all the functionality of RouterOS:

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Using Winbox

• Connect to your router with Winbox, Select the

downloaded file with your mouse, and drag it to

the Files menu. If there are some files already

present, make sure to put the package in the

root menu, not inside the hotspot folder!

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root menu, not inside the hotspot folder!

• The upload will start.

• After it finishes - REBOOT and that's all! The

New version number will be seen in the Winbox

Title and in the Packages menu.

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Using FTP

• Open your favourite FTP program (in this

case it is Filezilla), select the package and

upload it to your router (demo2.mt.lv is the

address of my router in this example).

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address of my router in this example).

• You can open the main directory file of the

router board through the path

ftp://192.168.88.1

Where 192.168.88.1 is the ip address of

your RB

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If you wish, you can check if the file is successfully

transferred onto the router (optional):

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And reboot your router for the upgrade process to begin :

system reboot After the reboot, your router will be up to date, you can check it in this menu:

/system package print if your router did not upgrade correctly, make sure you check the log

More Info. On Package see System-Packages PDF file

Log

• RouterOS is capable of logging (track)

various system events and status

information. Logs can be saved in routersmemory (RAM), disk, file, sent by email or

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memory (RAM), disk, file, sent by email or

even sent to remote syslog server.

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Logging configuration

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Rule

• topics

– log all messages that falls into specified topic

or list of topics.

For example, we want to log NTP debug info

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For example, we want to log NTP debug info without too much details:

/system logging add topics=ntp,debug,!packet

Rule

• prefix

prefix added at the beginning of logmessages.

• action

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• action

specifies one of the system default actionsor user specified action listed in actionsmenu

Default: memory: logs are stored in localmemory buffer.

Logging Example Logging to file

• To log everything to file, add new log

action:

/system logging action add name=Filetarget=disk disk-file-name=Log

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target=disk disk-file-name=Log

• and then make everything log using thisnew action:

/system logging action=File

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• You can log only errors there by issuing

command:

• /system logging topics=erroraction=File

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action=File

• This will log into files log.0.txt and

log.1.txt.

• You can specify maximum size of file in

lines by specifying disk-lines-per-file.

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lines by specifying disk-lines-per-file.

<file>.0.txt is active file were new logs are

going to be appended and once it size will

reach maximum it will become <file>.1.txt,

and new empty <file>.0.txt will be created.

• You can log into USB flashes or intoMicroSD/CF (on Routerboards) byspecifying it's directory name before filename. For example, if you have accessibleusb flash as usb1 directory under /files,you should issue following command:

• /system logging action add name=usb

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• /system logging action add name=usbtarget=disk disk-file-name=usb1/log

• For more information see Manual:System/LogPdf file