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Daoism, Legalism & Confucianism. Three Philosophies that look at how to get people to behave and how the government should rule the people. Daoism/Taoism. Started by a man named Lao Tsu who lived about 600 BC Is a philosophy (way of thinking) but turned into a religion - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Daoism, Legalism & Confucianism
Three Philosophies that look at how to get people to behave and how the
government should rule the people.
Daoism/Taoism
Started by a man named Lao Tsu who lived about 600 BCIs a philosophy (way of thinking) but turned into a religionLao Tsu believed that people needed to go with the flow (wu-wei) let nature take its course
Yin and Yang
Believed everything in the universe had a life force- a yin and yang-oppositesYin-dark side- is women, moon, things that are still & deathYang-light side-is men, sun, things that move & birthMust keep the yin and the yang balanced
Beliefs…
Wrong for people to fightWrong for government to make rules and lawsAgainst any kind of rules, diets, etc.Had theories regarding the body, diet, breathing and physical exercises, uses of herbs, philosophical inquiry (self-reflection) and meditation.The Taoist feels these ideas bring a human being into closer alignment with the “natural order” of life and living
3 Jewels to be sought….
Compassion- awareness of another person’s pain and wanting to relieve it
Moderation- avoid extremes
Humility- modest, don’t brag
Legalism
Legalism Beliefs
Believed that people were bad and needed to be controlledReligion wasn’t involvedBelieved society needed strict lawsPeople should be responsible for other people’s actions. Ex- neighbors and relatives should also be punishedScare people into obeying laws
Legalism
There are 3 parts to Legalism~fa (law)~shi (legitimacy)~shu (arts of the ruler)
Fa (law)
Laws were written and made publicThe laws ran the state the rulers did notLaws were enforced by strict rewards and punishments
Shi (legitimacy)
Keeping order was the first priorityAnyone could rule as long as laws were in place
Shu-arts of the ruler
Rulers should not be kindBeing kind leads to failureThey need to be strict otherwise people get disrespectful and lazy
Confucianism
Confucius and Society
During Zhou DynastyConfucius, a man, felt that China was full of rude, dishonest peopleHe wanted people to return to having good ethics
Confucius's rules for Families
Fathers should be role models for familyChildren should respect and obey their parentsFamilies should be loyal to one another
Confucius’ Rules for Government
Do not have strict lawsHave leaders be good role models for morals and behaviorKing should inspire good behavior- not scare people into good behavior
Confucius Proverbs
A man who has committed a mistake and doesn't correct it is committing another mistake.Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.Real knowledge is to know the extent of one's ignorance.
Confucius Teachings
Confucius traveled all over teaching his ideasHis teachings were put into a book called The AnalectsConfucianism is meant to guide behavior
Quiz Prep
What are the beliefs and principles of each of the three philosophies?Using each of the three philosophies separately, how would China have been ruled?Which practice in China showed the influence of Confucianism?If you were a laborer, what would Confucius say that you should do?
Quiz Prep
In a chart titled “Yin and Yang”, pleasure would be paired with _____?What was the Legalist view of human nature?Hanfeizi wrote that rulers should emphasize __ and __?What did Hanfeizi say that rulers must do to avoid being overthrown?
Identify the basic beliefs and principles you’ve learned about each philosophy. Then provide an example showing how each philosophy influenced the way ancient China was ruled:
Confucianism:
Daoism:
Legalism:
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