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CUIN 6371Models of Teaching
Fall, 2003Howard L. Jones
Day 6
Synectics
Information Information ProcessingProcessing Inductive - Jerome Bruner/
Hilda Taba Deductive - David Ausubel Inquiry - J. J. Schwab/J. Richard Suchman
Jean Piaget/ L. Kohlberg
Memory - R. Atkinson/J. Levin/J. Lucas
Creativity - W. J. J. Gordon
Together, we analyze a little humor Are these FUNNY, OK, or
NOT FUNNY?…
Synectics – diverse elements together
Learning through making connections
“A writer lives in awe of words for they can be cruel or kind, and they can change their meanings right in front of you. They pick up flavors and odors like butter in a refrigerator.”
John Steinbeck (1902-1968)
Gordon’s Assumptions Creativity is important in
everyday activities The process of creativity is
not mysterious Creative invention is the
same in all fields Creative thinking, as wells as
individual and group invention are very similar
Our Role as Teachers…
Bringing the creative process to consciousness…
Recalling that the emotional component of creativity is often more important that the intellectual, the irrational more important than the rational
Finally….Assisting students in analyzing certain irrational and emotional processes and, in doing so, increasing creative expression.
Blocks to Creativity… One right answer That’s not logical Follow the rules Be practical Avoid ambiguity Play is frivolous Don’t be foolish I’m not creative
Roger van Oech – “A Whack on the Side of the Head”
Synectics Moves
Pick a topic, any topicMaking the Strange
FamiliarMaking the Familiar
Strange
Synectics Moves Stretching Exercises… How is a shower bath like a rainy day? How is a prison like a rainy day? How is a laugh like a rainy day? How is a school like a salad? How is a computer keyboard like Jello? How are parents like frozen yogurt? If the ocean were a sea of teachers,
what would the foam be?
More Stretching Exercises…. Which smells better, a rotting rose or
a sweet skunk? Is an onion louder than a lie? How
come? Which is more likely, a screaming
mouse or a quiet drum? Which gains more speed, a falling
body or a rumor? Who is more sour, a Tory in Boston in
1776 or a lemon?
Synectics Moves
Stretching Exercises Direct Analogy
How is a bear like a cat? How is a principal like a dragon?
How is a whisper like a kitten’s fur? How is a Priest like a doormat?
How are parentheses like a fence?
Direct Analogy How is a volcano like a cut? What animal makes you think of George
Washington in his predicament at Valley Forge
What things around him could have given ancient man his first notion of the wheel?
What animal might the Eskimos have learned how to hunt seals?
What in nature might have led to the invention of the zipper?
How could a caveman have invented the concept of clothes from looking at a bear?
Direct Analogy Which is worse, America in 1812 with no tax base or a tree with no nutrients
in its soil?
In 1812, all American ships were held in their home ports under an embargo. So such
economic damage was caused that finally American ships were allowed to trade with
anyone BUT France and England. How is a fox that is chased into its den
like an embargo? How is enforcing an embargo like
Boyle’s Law?
Direct AnalogyA magnet is made of tiny magnets, all lined up so that their north poles face in one direction and the south poles
face in the other. How is a well-disciplined marching regiment
like a magnet? What would the soldiers of the parading
regiment do if a bomb fell in their midst? If a magnet acts like the soldiers. What do
you think would happen if you strike a magnet with a hammer?
Synectics Moves
Stretching ExercisesDirect Analogy
Personal Analogies/Metaphors
Personal Metaphor
You are a weed growing in the middle of a neighbor’s yard…how do you feel? What’s it like living there, especially knowing that you came from another yard? How do you feel when he discovers you? How does the lawn mower feel? How about the herbicide?
Synectics Moves
Stretching ExercisesDirect Analogy
Personal Analogies/Metaphors
Compressed Conflicts“words that fight each other,”
Oxymorons
Compressed Conflicts …aka Oxymorons
Know anyone who is an “exquisite irritant”?
How is an embargo like “vulnerable protection?”
How is Hemmingway’s life and writing exemplary of a “controlled adventure?”
Can any part of football be equated with “dance-like violence?”
N S N S
N S s N
Mnemonics
Synectics
The Original The Topic Topic Revisited
How Synectics Works
We Explore Elsewhere
Synectics Moves Stretching Exercises
Direct Analogy Personal
Analogies/Metaphors Compressed Conflicts“words that fight each other,”
Oxymorons Revisit the Original Topic
A brief paragraph … TAKS
Synectics Moves Stretching Exercises
Direct Analogy Personal
Analogies/Metaphors Compressed Conflicts“words that fight each other,”
Oxymorons Revisit the Original Topic
Synectics Moves
Pick a topic, any topicMaking the Strange
FamiliarMaking the Familiar
Strange
Effects of the Synectics Model
Nurturant Achievement
in Subject Domain
Group Cohesion and Productivity
Instructional General
Creative Capacity
Creative Capacity in Subject Domain
So, how does this model work?
J. Dominic Crossan (1975)The Dark Interval: Toward a Theology of Story
Types ofStory
Relation-Ship to World
Examples
Estab- Defends Inves- Attacks Subvertslishes world tigates world worldworld world
“We live in story like fish in a sea…”Dominic Crossan
J. Dominic Crossan (1975)The Dark Interval: Toward a Theology of Story
Types ofStory
Relation-Ship to World
Examples
Estab- Defends Inves- Attacks Subvertslishes world tigates world worldworld world
MYTH
You have built a lovely home!
J. Dominic Crossan (1975)The Dark Interval: Toward a Theology of Story
Types ofStory
Relation-Ship to World
Examples
Estab- Defends Inves- Attacks Subvertslishes world tigates world worldworld world
MYTH Apologue
The home was built according to themost reasonable plans
J. Dominic Crossan (1975)The Dark Interval: Toward a Theology of Story
Types ofStory
Relation-Ship to World
Examples
Estab- Defends Inves- Attacks Subvertslishes world tigates world worldworld world
MYTH Apologue Action
Within the home are people who have many adventures.
J. Dominic Crossan (1975)The Dark Interval: Toward a Theology of Story
Types ofStory
Relation-Ship to World
Examples
Estab- Defends Inves- Attacks Subvertslishes world tigates world worldworld world
MYTH Apologue Action Satire
However, the behaviors of the home area bit weird and unusual.
J. Dominic Crossan (1975)The Dark Interval: Toward a Theology of Story
Types ofStory
Relation-Ship to World
Examples
Estab- Defends Inves- Attacks Subvertslishes world tigates world worldworld world
MYTH Apologue Action Satire Parable
Unfortunately, the home is rightabove a major earthquake fault.
The Original The Topic Topic Revisited
How Synectics Works
We Explore Elsewhere
So how about our humor?
My point?
Next …
The Existential Models…
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