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Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Civlizations of India
Flash Cards:• Harappans• Vedas
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Ancient India
Flash Cards:Flash Cards:• UpanishadsUpanishads• Sanskrit Sanskrit
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Influences– Geography
Himalayas & Deccan Plain Semitropical• Regular monsoon winds & rain
Open to influences from the West• Mesopotamia • Alexander the Great
Indian History: Formative Period
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
The Indus River Valley
Harappan civilization, 3rd millennium B.C.E. Indus river system
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Civilization
The Great Cities of the Indus Valley Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro Densely populated Walled, grid pattern Advanced plumbing system Un-deciphered written language
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
India in the Age of Harappa and the Early Aryan Migrations
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
The Great Epic Age–Aryans
Indo-European pastoralists (nomads) Into Asia Minor, Europe, Iran from 2000s B.C.E. Sweep south into India
Indian History: Formative Period
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Vedic & Epic Ages in Ancient India
–Sanskrit oral epics of the Vedic Age Rig-Veda, Hindu sacred texts
–Epic Age, 1000-600 B.C.E. Mahabharata (& Bhagavad Gita) The Upanishads – more spiritual than Vedas
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Vedic and Epic Ages
(1500-1000 and 1000-600 B.C.E.)– Caste system present & reinforced
Varnas
Indian History: Formative Period
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Hinduism developed world’s oldest religion• origins in Vedic and Epic Eras
polytheistic belief in reincarnation
karma determines next rebirth promoted the caste system
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Hindu Caste System
• Brahmin = upper caste, priests• Kshatriya = military & artistocrats• Vaishyas = artisans, agriculturalists
– Halwas = candy maker
• Shudras = untouchables
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Religion and Culture
Hinduism (cont’d)–Brahma – holy essence–Dharma
Moral law
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