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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Civlizations of India

Flash Cards:• Harappans• Vedas

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Ancient India

Flash Cards:Flash Cards:• UpanishadsUpanishads• Sanskrit Sanskrit

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Influences– Geography

Himalayas & Deccan Plain Semitropical• Regular monsoon winds & rain

Open to influences from the West• Mesopotamia • Alexander the Great

Indian History: Formative Period

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

The Indus River Valley

Harappan civilization, 3rd millennium B.C.E. Indus river system

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Civilization

The Great Cities of the Indus Valley Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro Densely populated Walled, grid pattern Advanced plumbing system Un-deciphered written language

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

India in the Age of Harappa and the Early Aryan Migrations

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

The Great Epic Age–Aryans

Indo-European pastoralists (nomads) Into Asia Minor, Europe, Iran from 2000s B.C.E. Sweep south into India

Indian History: Formative Period

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Vedic & Epic Ages in Ancient India

–Sanskrit oral epics of the Vedic Age Rig-Veda, Hindu sacred texts

–Epic Age, 1000-600 B.C.E. Mahabharata (& Bhagavad Gita) The Upanishads – more spiritual than Vedas

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Vedic and Epic Ages

(1500-1000 and 1000-600 B.C.E.)– Caste system present & reinforced

Varnas

Indian History: Formative Period

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Hinduism developed world’s oldest religion• origins in Vedic and Epic Eras

polytheistic belief in reincarnation

karma determines next rebirth promoted the caste system

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Hindu Caste System

• Brahmin = upper caste, priests• Kshatriya = military & artistocrats• Vaishyas = artisans, agriculturalists

– Halwas = candy maker

• Shudras = untouchables

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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth EditionStearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert

Religion and Culture

Hinduism (cont’d)–Brahma – holy essence–Dharma

Moral law