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Circulatory System
Functions
Laboratory Techniques TM 1
Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed
• AS.07.01. Design programs to prevent animal diseases, parasites and other disorders and ensure animal welfare.– AS.07.01.02.a. Explain methods of determining
animal health and disorders.
Laboratory Techniques TM 2
Laboratory Techniques TM 3
Circulatory System Functions
• Respiratory – O2 and CO2 exchange• Excretory – removes waste from body cells• Protection – clotting, transports white blood cells
to infections• Nutrition – carries energy and food throughout the
body• Regulatory – helps to maintain pH and
temperature• Hormonal – transfers hormones to organs
Laboratory Techniques TM 4
Heart Circulation
Pulmonary Arteries- to lungs
Aorta
Right
Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Pulmonary Veins
Caudal Vena Cava
Cranial Vena Cava
Right Atrium
Laboratory Techniques TM 5
Major Veins
Cranial vena cava
Right axillary vein
Jugular veinsCephalic veins
Caudal vena cava
Saphenous vein
Femoral vein
Renal vein
Right brachial vein
Ovarian vein
Testicular veinRight external iliac
Caudal vein
Laboratory Techniques TM 6
Major Arteries
Brachiocephalic
Right axillary
Facial arteries
Common carotid arteries
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Femoral artery
Renal artery
Right brachial
Ovarian artery
Testicular artery
Right external iliac
Caudal artery
Mesenteric arteries
Laboratory Techniques TM 7
Blood is composed of :
40% cells and %60 plasma
The cells that in the blood are:Erythrocytes (red blood cells)Leukocytes (white blood cells)Platelets
Structure of Blood
Laboratory Techniques TM 8
Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
• The most abundant blood cell
• Function – transport O2 throughout the body
Mammals – no cell nucleus Birds & Reptiles –cell nucleus
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Neutrophil
• Function- to stop or slow down foreign organisms
• They work by:
– Phagocytosis – to eat bacteria and dead cells
– Bacteriocidal – to kill bacteria
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• Functions – – Phagocytosis
– Mediate allergic reactions
– Produce heparin and histamine
Basophil
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• Functions – – Moderate the inflammatory response
– phagocytosis
Eosinophil
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Lymphocyte & Monocyte
• Lymphocyte – plays a vital role in immunity
T-cells (memory cells) – cells are sensitized to an antigen, remember that antigen and fight it off next time
B-cells – divide to form many cells to fight an antigen
• Monocyte – largest blood cell
Function is phagocytosis
Laboratory Techniques TM 13
• Function –– Hemostasis (clotting) – stop bleeding by adhering to damaged
vessels and clumping together, release proteins that help form a clot
Thrombocyte
Laboratory Techniques TM 14
Urinary System
UrethraUreter
Bladder
Kidney Kidney
Ureter
Urethra
Bladder
Laboratory Techniques TM 15
The Kidney
Renal artery
Ureter
Cortex
Medulla
Renal pelvis
Renal capsule
Laboratory Techniques TM 16
The Nephron
Arterioles
GlomerulusBowman’s capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Collecting duct
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