BOT 3: Ferns

Spore Bearing Vascular

Plants: Ferns tjmedina

Division Pterophyta

• Class Pteropsida• Commonly known as Ferns• Over 10,000 species • Most abundant in the tropics • Generally grow in moist environments but

some species occur in dry habitats• Most species are terrestrial but some are

epiphytic and a few are aquatic.

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Division Pterophyta• Basic plant parts:

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frond

pinna

stipe

rachis

crozier

Division Pterophyta

• With megaphylls- has more than one vein in its blade – Associated with the leaf gap and leaf trace

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Division Pterophyta

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Division Pterophyta

• Divided into four orders• Based on the organization of the reproductive

structures:– Order Filicales (produce sorus/sori)– Order Ophioglossales (produce strobilus)– Order Marattiales (sorus in synangia)– Order Salviniales (produce sporocarps)

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Division PterophytaOrder Genera

Order Filicales Nephrolepis

Asplenium

Adiantum

Hemigramma

Pteris

Microsorium

Drynaria

Lygodium

Diplazium

Order Ophioglossales Ophioglossum

Order Marattiales Marattia

Order Salviniales Azolla pinnata

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Order Filicales

• True ferns (produce sorus/sori)

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B

s

Order Filicales

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stalk

sporessporangiumindusium

Order Filicales

• Nephrolepis• Asplenium• Adiantum

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Order Filicales

• Hemigramma• Pteris• Microsorium

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Order Filicales

• Drynaria• Lygodium• Diplazium

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Order Ophioglossales

• Ophioglossum- dimorphic leaves

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Order Marattiales• Marattia (tree fern); with a vertical stem; with

sorus in synangia (fused sporangia)

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Order Salviniales• Azolla pinnata (mosquito fern); water ferns

that produce sporocarps

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Other information about ferns• Exhibit circinate vernation

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Other information about ferns• Fern stem and root cross sections

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References:

• www.botany.hawaii.edu• www.home.aone.net.au/~byzantium/ferns/

about.html• www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted_sites/bps/copy.html

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the end

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