What were the social, economic, and political conditions that provoked the progressive movement? ...

CH. 17.1 PROGRESSIVISM

Essential Questions

What were the social, economic, and political conditions that provoked the progressive movement?

What were the goals of the progressive movement?

Life before the 20th Century

Could women vote? Did workers have the rights that we do

today? Could rats get mixed up in processed

food? Did people drive cars?

What does “progressive” mean?

?

The Progressive Era

Political, economic, and social change in late 19th century America leads to broad progressive reforms.

Four goals of progressivism

Protecting social welfare Promoting moral improvement Creating economic reform Fostering efficiency

Progressivism Video

Promoting social welfare

Social Gospel, settlement houses inspire other reform groups

Florence Kelley, political activist, advocate for women, childrenhelps pass law prohibiting child labor, limiting women’s

hours

Promoting moral improvement

Some feel poor should uplift selves by improving own behavior

Prohibition—banning of alcoholic drinks Woman’s Christian Temperance Union

spearheads prohibition crusade

Creating economic reform

1893 panic prompts doubts about capitalism; many become socialists

Muckrakers—journalists who expose corruption in politics, businessUpton Sinclair – The Jungle Ida M. Tarbell – “History of Standard Oil Company”

Fostering Efficiency

Many use experts, science to make society, workplace more efficient

Scientific management—time and motion studies applied to workplace

Assembly lines speed up production, make people work like machinescause high worker turnover

Review

What are the four goals of progressivism?

Cleaning up local/state government

Governors push states to pass laws to regulate large businesses

Robert M. La Follette is 3-term governor, then senator of Wisconsin Attacks big business

Child Labor

Child workers get lower wages, small hands handle small parts better families need children’s wages

National Child Labor Committee gathers evidence of harsh conditions

Groups press government to ban child labor, cut hours

Working Hours

• Muller v. Oregon—Court upholds limiting women to 10-hour workday

• Bunting v. Oregon—upholds 10-hour workday for men

• Reformers win workers’ compensation for families of injured, killed

Election Reform

Initiative—bill proposed by people, not lawmakers, put on ballots

Referendum—voters, not legislature, decide if initiative becomes law

Recall—voters remove elected official through early election

Primaries allow voters, not party machines, to choose candidates

Seventeenth Amendment permits popular election of senators

Door Ticket

What were the four goals of the progressives?

What was the temperance movement? Name two reforms to elections.

17.2 – Women’s role in the Progressive Movement

What major steps did women take to gain equal rights during the Progressive Era?

Intro Video

Women in the late 19th Century

• Only middle-, upper-class women can devote selves to home, family

• Poor women usually have to work for wages outside home

Women’s Reform Movement

Women reformers target workplace, housing, education, food, drugsNational Association of Colored Women (NACW)—

child care, educationSusan B. Anthony of National American Woman

Suffrage Assoc. (NAWSA)works for woman suffrage, or right to vote

Review

What is suffrage? Who was a primary advocate for women’s

suffrage?

18.3

AKS Who was Teddy Roosevelt? What was his contribution to progressivism

and the modern presidency?

Intro

Teddy Roosevelt

Rough Rider President McKinley

shot; Roosevelt becomes president at 42

Modern President Square Deal

Trust Buster

Trust Buster

Uses the Sherman Anti-Trust act to: Break up monopolies and trusts

What is this?

Health and the Environment

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle—unsanitary conditions in meatpacking

Roosevelt pushes for Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act halts sale of

contaminated food, medicine

Conservation of the Environment

• Roosevelt sets aside forest reserves, sanctuaries, national parks

• Believes conservation part preservation, part development for public

18.4

Who was the largest president in American History?

Who was the only president to also serves in the highest office of the Judicial Branch?

William Howard Taft – 27th President

Bull Moose Party

Republican Party Splits Progressives form Bull Moose Party;

nominate Roosevelt Runs against Democrat Woodrow Wilson,

reform governor of NJ Wilson wins

18.5

Who was Woodrow Wilson? What were his domestic and international

visions for the United States?

Woodrow Wilson

28th President• Wilson was lawyer,

professor, president of Princeton, NJ governor

• As president, focuses on trusts, tariffs, high finance

• Fair Deal

Wilson’s Reforms

Clayton Antitrust Act stops companies buying stock to form monopoly

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)—new “watchdog” agency investigates regulatory violationsends unfair business practices

1920 Nineteenth Amendment grants women right to vote

Federal Reserve System—private banking system under federal control