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CH. 17.1 PROGRESSIVISM
Essential Questions
What were the social, economic, and political conditions that provoked the progressive movement?
What were the goals of the progressive movement?
Life before the 20th Century
Could women vote? Did workers have the rights that we do
today? Could rats get mixed up in processed
food? Did people drive cars?
What does “progressive” mean?
?
The Progressive Era
Political, economic, and social change in late 19th century America leads to broad progressive reforms.
Four goals of progressivism
Protecting social welfare Promoting moral improvement Creating economic reform Fostering efficiency
Progressivism Video
Promoting social welfare
Social Gospel, settlement houses inspire other reform groups
Florence Kelley, political activist, advocate for women, childrenhelps pass law prohibiting child labor, limiting women’s
hours
Promoting moral improvement
Some feel poor should uplift selves by improving own behavior
Prohibition—banning of alcoholic drinks Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
spearheads prohibition crusade
Creating economic reform
1893 panic prompts doubts about capitalism; many become socialists
Muckrakers—journalists who expose corruption in politics, businessUpton Sinclair – The Jungle Ida M. Tarbell – “History of Standard Oil Company”
Fostering Efficiency
Many use experts, science to make society, workplace more efficient
Scientific management—time and motion studies applied to workplace
Assembly lines speed up production, make people work like machinescause high worker turnover
Review
What are the four goals of progressivism?
Cleaning up local/state government
Governors push states to pass laws to regulate large businesses
Robert M. La Follette is 3-term governor, then senator of Wisconsin Attacks big business
Child Labor
Child workers get lower wages, small hands handle small parts better families need children’s wages
National Child Labor Committee gathers evidence of harsh conditions
Groups press government to ban child labor, cut hours
Working Hours
• Muller v. Oregon—Court upholds limiting women to 10-hour workday
• Bunting v. Oregon—upholds 10-hour workday for men
• Reformers win workers’ compensation for families of injured, killed
Election Reform
Initiative—bill proposed by people, not lawmakers, put on ballots
Referendum—voters, not legislature, decide if initiative becomes law
Recall—voters remove elected official through early election
Primaries allow voters, not party machines, to choose candidates
Seventeenth Amendment permits popular election of senators
Door Ticket
What were the four goals of the progressives?
What was the temperance movement? Name two reforms to elections.
17.2 – Women’s role in the Progressive Movement
What major steps did women take to gain equal rights during the Progressive Era?
Intro Video
Women in the late 19th Century
• Only middle-, upper-class women can devote selves to home, family
• Poor women usually have to work for wages outside home
Women’s Reform Movement
Women reformers target workplace, housing, education, food, drugsNational Association of Colored Women (NACW)—
child care, educationSusan B. Anthony of National American Woman
Suffrage Assoc. (NAWSA)works for woman suffrage, or right to vote
Review
What is suffrage? Who was a primary advocate for women’s
suffrage?
18.3
AKS Who was Teddy Roosevelt? What was his contribution to progressivism
and the modern presidency?
Intro
Teddy Roosevelt
Rough Rider President McKinley
shot; Roosevelt becomes president at 42
Modern President Square Deal
Trust Buster
Trust Buster
Uses the Sherman Anti-Trust act to: Break up monopolies and trusts
What is this?
Health and the Environment
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle—unsanitary conditions in meatpacking
Roosevelt pushes for Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act halts sale of
contaminated food, medicine
Conservation of the Environment
• Roosevelt sets aside forest reserves, sanctuaries, national parks
• Believes conservation part preservation, part development for public
18.4
Who was the largest president in American History?
Who was the only president to also serves in the highest office of the Judicial Branch?
William Howard Taft – 27th President
Bull Moose Party
Republican Party Splits Progressives form Bull Moose Party;
nominate Roosevelt Runs against Democrat Woodrow Wilson,
reform governor of NJ Wilson wins
18.5
Who was Woodrow Wilson? What were his domestic and international
visions for the United States?
Woodrow Wilson
28th President• Wilson was lawyer,
professor, president of Princeton, NJ governor
• As president, focuses on trusts, tariffs, high finance
• Fair Deal
Wilson’s Reforms
Clayton Antitrust Act stops companies buying stock to form monopoly
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)—new “watchdog” agency investigates regulatory violationsends unfair business practices
1920 Nineteenth Amendment grants women right to vote
Federal Reserve System—private banking system under federal control