Niassa Contract Management Anabela Rodrigues Vernon Booth

Sociedade para a Gestão e Desenvolvimento da Reserva do Niassa

Maputo, 19 a 22 de Marco

I. INTRODUCTION

Larger Conservation Area in Mozambique

Area: 42 000 Kms² -

Representing 36% of the total

area under conservation in

Mozambique

It has most of the wildlife

existing in the country

– 14 000 elephants

– 14 000 sable

– 600 to 1000 lions

– more than 350 wild dogs

500 km

Potencial ACTF

do Niassa-Selous

4 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 5

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NIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSA

Reserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de Maputo

GileGileGileGileGileGileGileGileGile

MarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuGorongosa

Quirimbas

Bazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NP

BahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnine

ZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinave

Limpopo

ACTF do

Tchuma

Tchato

ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do

Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande

LimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopo

ACTF dos

Libombos

Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange

ChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetu

Chimanimani

TFCA

Lukwika Lumusure

(Tanzania)

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Reserva Florestal

Coutada

Reserva Nacional

Parque Nacional

50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km

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MbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamila

N'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timbo

MeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMecula

MbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbamba

NampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquesso

MatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavela

NcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcuti

LissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhur

NaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulala

NalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalama

ChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChamba

MilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepa

GombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGomba

NkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapa

MacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalange

MitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitope

NegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamano

MavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavago MsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawise

NaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNahevera

MucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoria

Rivers

Catchment Boundaries

Cultivated Areas

Village/Settlement

Roads

Minor

Main

CONCESSION STATUS: 17 Management Units; 2012 - 11 (?) Allocated to Concessionaires 2012

NiassaHunters

MOU R1 2002

Luwire

Contrato

L7 2000

SEM

Contrato

L3 2007

Johan Calitz

Safaris

Contrato

L2 2008

Safrique

Contrato

L1 2008

Luambeze

Contrato

L5N 2007

Kambako

Contrato

L8 2005

Luambeze

MOU

R2+R3 2009LUCHERINGO

CONTRATO R1

2012

Luwire

MOU L9 2002

East Af. Safaris

MOU L9 2010

East Af. Safaris

Contract L9

2012

Luambeze

CONTRATO

R3 2012

II. SGDRN - A NEW MANAGEMENT MODEL

1. ESTABLISHED IN 1954 IT WENT FROM A PAPER RESERVE WITHOUT MANAGEMENT

2. TO A NATIONAL RESERVE THAT ON THE BASIS OF A COUNCIL OF MINISTER´S DECISION (1998) BEGAN TO BE MANAGED BY AN INOVATIVE NOT FOR PROFIT PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP.

ESTABLISHED IN 2000, SOCIEDADE PARA A GESTÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DA RESERVA DO NIASSA IS A PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GOM & PRIVATE ENTITY (IN) , GOVERNED BY A BOARD ON THE BASIS OF A MANAGEMENT RIGHTS LEASING CONTRACT SIGNED WITH MITUR IN 2002

II. SGDRN - A NEW MANAGEMENT MODEL

TERMS OF AUTORIZATION OF THE CM No.78/98 and LEASING CONTRACT SIGNED WITH MITUR defined SGDRN OBLIGATIONS AND RIGHTS :

•“ Attract other investors for the development of investments (clauses 2.1 & 2.2 ) in the amount of $US 9.820.000,00 - 10 Years” (Cl. 10.a.);

•“Define the terms and conditions to which the selection of investors should respond for the adjudication of the activities referred in the previous clauses”;

•“ Establish the rules and procedures to which the tenders should obey, with the conditions that only companies with a 25% Mozambican ownership could sign the contracts, in acordance with the criteria and norms fixed by MINAG to this effect ” (Cl. 9.h.) and

•“Sub-lease through a contract, to the companies and entities operating in the Niassa Reserve, the rights that were allocated to SGDRN, who should beresponsible to facilitate the licenses or autorizations required by the law that habilitate them to exercise their activities ” (Cl. 9.i.).

II. Governance - management tools

GOALS & OBJECTIVES DEFINED IN THE MANAGEMENT PLAN:

2007 – 2012

To secure the long term conservation of the rich and unique biodiversity,

and the pristine wilderness, of the NNR for present and future generations

To reduce pressure on the natural resources, facilitate the sustainable

use of the Reserve by promoting alternative income generating activities

for communities

To provide a quality tourism experience to tourists that generate a local

economy and contributes to finance the Reserve management activities50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km


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MucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaThree Categories – (ecological, scenic, & socio-economic factors):1. Special Conservation Areas2. Wilderness Areas 3. Natural Resource Use ConservationAreas

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MucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaThree Categories – (ecological, scenic, & socio-economic factors):1. Special Conservation Areas2. Wilderness Areas 3. Natural Resource Use Conservation

Areas

PRINCIPLES

1. Units for Conservation Hunting & Non - ConsumptiveTourism2. Reach the high end Market clientele3. Combination of Commercial and Philantropic Operators4. Sharing Management Costs and responsibilities

REFINING THE OBJECTIVES

While seeking to implement the best practices to monitor the Bioversity of the Reserve, with respect to hunting – “Maximize trophy quality and economic returns while maintaining viability and growth of wildlife populations through ecologically sustainable hunting practices

PRINCIPLES

1. Units for Conservation Hunting & Non - ConsumptiveTourism2. Reach the high end Market clientele3. Combination of Commercial and Philantropic Operators4. Sharing Management Costs and responsibilities

REFINING THE OBJECTIVES

While seeking to implement the best practices to monitor the Bioversity of the Reserve, with respect to hunting – “Maximize trophy quality and economic returns while maintaining viability and growth of wildlife populations through ecologically sustainable hunting practices

• RULES AND REGULATIONS

• Contract Rules

• 5 Year Business Plan Form, the Annual Plan Form, the HRF and the Report Form

• The Road/Tracks Guidelines

• The Media Policy

• The Regulations – “Black Book” (Best Practices)

III - CONSERVATION Hunting Administration

BEFORE THE HUNTProcessing Firearm ImportationRegistration of Professional HuntersApplying for Client Hunting LicencesPurchasing Abate Tickets

DURING THE HUNTMonitoring hunting activitiesTracking hunting successCompletion of the Hunt Return Form & Annual Report Form

AFTER THE HUNTCheck and sign off hunting licenses and abate ticketsMonitor trophy size and ageAnalyze Hunt Return Form Data



REGISTO DE SAFARIS DE CAÇA (Safari Hunt Register) Nº série:.........................

(M)/(F) Este (East) Sul (South)

1 Medição a ser feita de acordo com o sistema de medição Roland Ward (Measurements according to Roland Ward)2 Localização em graus decimais (Location in decimal degrees) Cópia Branca (Operado r)

ASSINATURA DO CLIENTE: ASSINATURA DO CAÇADOR PROF: Cópia Amarela (SRN Maputo)

(CLIENT SIGNATURE) (P.H. SIGNATURE) Cópia Verde (SRN Mbatamila)

Morto / Ferido

(Killed / Wounded)

Sexo

(Sex) Observações (Notes)Localização (Location) 2

Tamanho (Size) 1Espécies

(Species)

Nº da etiqueta da

mandíbula

Senha SRN NºData

(Date)

Bloco de Caça(Hunting Block)

Nome do Cliente(Client Name)

Nacionalidade (Nationality)

Hunt Period(Period of Hunt)

Nº de Observadores

(Nº of Observers)

Nº Dias-Caça

(Nº Hunter-Days)

Licença de Caça Nº(Hunter License Nº)

Caçador-profissional(Professional-hunter)

Operador de Safaris

(Safari Operator)

Licença de caça Nº(Hunting license Nº)

(SRN Abate ticket Nº)(Jaw tag Nº)

AN EXAMPLE OF THE HUNT RETURN FORM USED TO CAPTURE DATA ON EACH SAFARI CONDUCTED IN THE NNR

Client detailsProfessional

Hunter details

Safari details

Trophy details: Species; trophy size; location etc



REGISTO DE SAFARIS DE CAÇA (Safari Hunt Register) Nº série:.........................

(M)/(F) Este (East) Sul (South)

1 Medição a ser feita de acordo com o sistema de medição Roland Ward (Measurements according to Roland Ward)2 Localização em graus decimais (Location in decimal degrees) Cópia Branca (Operado r)

ASSINATURA DO CLIENTE: ASSINATURA DO CAÇADOR PROF: Cópia Amarela (SRN Maputo)

(CLIENT SIGNATURE) (P.H. SIGNATURE) Cópia Verde (SRN Mbatamila)

Morto / Ferido

(Killed / Wounded)

Sexo

(Sex) Observações (Notes)Localização (Location) 2

Tamanho (Size) 1Espécies

(Species)

Nº da etiqueta da

mandíbula

Senha SRN NºData

(Date)

Bloco de Caça(Hunting Block)

Nome do Cliente(Client Name)

Nacionalidade (Nationality)

Hunt Period(Period of Hunt)

Nº de Observadores

(Nº of Observers)

Nº Dias-Caça

(Nº Hunter-Days)

Licença de Caça Nº(Hunter License Nº)

Caçador-profissional(Professional-hunter)

Operador de Safaris

(Safari Operator)

Licença de caça Nº(Hunting license Nº)

(SRN Abate ticket Nº)(Jaw tag Nº)

AN EXAMPLE OF THE HUNT RETURN FORM USED TO CAPTURE DATA ON EACH SAFARI CONDUCTED IN THE NNR

Client detailsProfessional

Hunter details

Safari details

Trophy details: Species; trophy size; location etc

SOME KEY INDICATORS TO MONITOR GROWTH OF INDUSTRY

Examples of data

1.Total Income from Abate Tickets – Industry Revenues2.Quota allocation, purchase and utilization by species

by block – Operator efficiency3.Origin of clients and types of safaris4.Number of Safaris and Hunting days – Performance

of hunting industry – Hunter days5.Trophy quality and age - sustainability6.Distribution of hunting effort - sustainability




Trophy Measurement - Trophy Quality Trends Trophy Measurement - Trophy Quality Trends

DISTRIBUTION OF HUNTING EFFORT

Data from the coordinates of where animals are killed is used to

define the area where hunting has taken place in Niassa

DISTRIBUTION OF HUNTING EFFORT

Data from the coordinates of where animals are killed is used to

define the area where hunting has taken place in Niassa

SGDRN HAS UNDERTAKEN SEVEN SYSTEMATIC BIANNUAL AERIAL

SURVEYS OF ALL MAJOR MAMMAL SPECIES OF THE NIASSA

NATIONAL RESERVE SINCE 1998.

THE MAIN FOCUS IS ON ELEPHANT NUMBERS BUT ALL LARGE MAMMALS ARE RECORDED, PLUS HUMAN ACTIVITIES (Fishing Camps) AND SETTLEMENT.

THESE DATA SHOW :• POPULATIONS OF VIRTUALLY ALL SPECIES IN THE RESERVE

HAVE INCREASED OR REMAINED STABLE• WE NOW HAVE RELIABLE INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTION,

DENSITIES AND TRENDS FOR THE ENTIRE RESERVE AND PERMANAGEMENT UNIT

SGDRN HAS UNDERTAKEN SEVEN SYSTEMATIC BIANNUAL AERIAL

SURVEYS OF ALL MAJOR MAMMAL SPECIES OF THE NIASSA

NATIONAL RESERVE SINCE 1998.

THE MAIN FOCUS IS ON ELEPHANT NUMBERS BUT ALL LARGE MAMMALS ARE RECORDED, PLUS HUMAN ACTIVITIES (Fishing Camps) AND SETTLEMENT.

THESE DATA SHOW :• POPULATIONS OF VIRTUALLY ALL SPECIES IN THE RESERVE

HAVE INCREASED OR REMAINED STABLE• WE NOW HAVE RELIABLE INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTION,

DENSITIES AND TRENDS FOR THE ENTIRE RESERVE AND PERMANAGEMENT UNIT

�The aerial survey results are extremely valuable in providing information used to make management decisions: e.g. to set sustainable hunting quotas

�Buffalo and cat populations are extremely difficult to survey from the air

�Aerial Survey data must be used in conjunction with other sources of information

- Bufalo Project & the Carnivore Project

BUFALO PROJECT - THE ECOLOGY OF THE BUFFALO POPULATION – Understanding the Mechanisms Limiting the Buffalo Population

WHERE WE HAVE COME FROM2004:85 % of quota was taken (11 lions) but 75% of lion trophies underageNo information on visual aging cues for Niassa lions.No monitoring of trophy quality.Fixed quota based on no information

2006 -SRN LION REGULATIONS & POINTS SYSTEM

Effect of Regulations - Trophy Quality

Off-take of acceptable trophies is stable at 3-4 lions / year

RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED

RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED

Tourism Operators - Investment, Operational Budgets, Salaries, VAT


Tourism Operators - Investment, Operational Budgets, Salaries, VATGross income: Abate Ticket + Concession Fees

2003 – 2011


Tourism Operators - Investment, Operational Budgets, Salaries, VATGross income: Abate Ticket + Concession Fees

2003 – 2011

Data: 16/05/2010Coordenadas: S110 16’ 03.0 E380 44’ 54.8

Aerial Survey 2009

ILLEGAL LOGGING

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0 50km

Carcass 1

Carcass 2

Carcass 3

Carcass 4

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Snareline

Poacher’s camp

Aerial Survey 2009

Carcass Ratio

4.25% (1.57% - 17.89%) = 693 – 1,100

ILLEGAL HUNTING

Carcasses Snare Lines

Travel

Niassa Contract Management Anabela Rodrigues Vernon Booth